Department of Urban Mike Douglass & Regional Planning Spring 2010

PLAN 630

Urban and Regional Planning in Asia

Tues/Thurs 10:30-11:45 Saunders Hall 116 OVERVIEW. Urban and regional planning in Asia reviews concepts and policies on key issues under conditions of rapid and uneven urbanization: (1) the livability of cities, including poverty and social inequalities in cities; the quality of the urban environment; and socio-cultural lifeworlds (2) rural-urban migration and the perception of rapid population growth that is overwhelming the capacity to plan for housing, services and infrastructure; (3) intercity competition for global investment; (4) slow growth and entrenched poverty in rural regions; and (5) social movements calling for greater access to political power. The course is organized into four parts to cover these and related issues.

Part I presents an overview of the policy issues and objectives in the context of Asia’s urban transition. Part II assesses the livability of cities of cities across 3 dimensions: personal well-being (e.g., poverty, poverty, health, security, livelihood), livelihood), environmental services, services, and lifeworlds (associational (associational life). The importance of NGOs and local government is

government is highlighted. Part III reviews attempts to develop spatial strategies to spread development more evenly over national space. The growth pole approach is assessed along with alternative approaches. Attention is given to incorporating the globalization of subnational spatial development processes into policy. Part IV expands on regional development planning by

reviewing experiences in promoting rural regional development and assessing policies to decentralize planning and policymaking. Questions of urban bias, the role of rural towns in rural development, and rural-urban linkages are considered. A regional network strategy is compared to conventional agriculture sector and industrial diffusion models of rural regional development. ORGANIZATION & GRADING. The class combines lectures by the instructor and, from Week 4, student-led seminars on pre-selected topics. Assignments will consist of 2 short (8 page) “position papers” presentations (20% each) and a term paper (60% of the final grade). One position paper may be expanded for the term paper. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES: (1) to understand major urban and regional planning issues in Asia, (2) to gain the ability to critically assess development concepts and theories, (3) to be able to link explanations of issues with policy alternatives and questions of implementation, (4) to deepen knowledge of specific areas of interest to each student, and (5) to gain the ability to work through debates on issues, concepts and explanations of problems to develop policy tools and each student’s own policy positions.

This course is an elective for the interdisciplinary Graduate Certificate in Population Studies

2

COURSE READINGS (Available online at UH Plan 630 course website).

I. URBANIZATION AND URD IN ASIA: OVERVIEW OF POLICY ISSUES Weeks 1-2 – Development Goals and Urbanization in Asia • UNDP (2003), Human Development Report 2003 -- Millennium Development Goals: A Compact among

Nations to End Human Poverty (New York: UNDP). • UNDP (2006), Human Development Report 2005 – Ch. 1 – The State of Human Development (New

York: UNDP). • UNESCAP (2005), “A Future Within Reach: Reshaping Institutions in a Region of Disparities to Meet

the Millennium Development Goals in Asia and the Pacific” (Bangkok: UNESCAP). • Satterthwaite, David (2003), “The Millennium Development Goals and Urban Poverty Reduction: Great

Expectations and Nonsense Statistics,” Environment and Urbanization, 15:2, 181-190. • Gilbert, Alan (1999), “Urbanization and Security,” Project on Urbanization, Population, Environment,

and Security. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, University of Michigan. • Mike Davis (2004), “Planet of Slums, New Left Review, 26, 5-26. • Cienski, Jan (2002), “Globalization Cures Poverty.” http://www.globalpolicy.org/globaliz/

econ/2002/0709poverty.htm. • Douglass, Mike (2007), “The Morphology of MUR Expansion,” in Gavin Jones and Mike Douglass,

eds., Pacific Asia Mega-Urban Regions in a Global Era (Singapore University Press).

II. LIVABLE CITIES Weeks 3-4 – The Concept of Livable City • Douglass, Mike (2002), “From Global Competition to Cooperation for Livable Cities and Economic

Resilience in Pacific Asia,” Environment and Urbanization, special issue on Globalization and Cities, 14:1, 53-68.

• Douglass, Mike (2009), “Globopolis or Cosmopolis? -- Alternative Futures of City Life in East Asia,” Studies in Urban Humanities, 2, 67-115.

• Douglass, Mike, et al. (2004), “The Livability of Mega-Urban Regions in Southeast Asia – Bangkok, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta and Manila Compared” (Honolulu: GRC and DURP).

• Douglass, Mike (2006), “Globalizing City Life: Toward Livable Cities with Civic Space in East and Southeast Asia”, The International Symposium on "Planning for Livable Cities—International Comparative Perspectives on Vietnam", Institute of Economic Research, HCMC, Vietnam. 15-16 August.

• Marcuse, Peter (1998), “Sustainability Is Not Enough,” Environment and Urbanization 10:2, 103-111. Week 5 – Livelihood, work and poverty • Rakodi, Carole (2002), “A Livelihoods Approach: Conceptual Issues and Definitions.” In Carole

Rakodi and Tony Lloyd-Jones, Urban Livelihoods: A People-centered Approach to Reducing Poverty (London: Earthscan). [available online electronic books, UH Library].

• Rao, Vijayendra and Michael Woolcock (2007), “Disciplinary Monopolies in Development Research: A Response to the Research Evaluation Process.” (Wash., D.C.: World Bank).

• Wratten, Ellen (1995), Conceptualizing urban poverty Environment & Urbanization, 7:1, 11-33. • Meier, Gerald (1989), “Intersectoral Analysis—The Lewis Model,” Leading Issues in Economic

Development (Oxford), 120-125. • Breman, Jan (1976), “A Dualistic Labour System? A Critique of the ‘Informal Sector’ Concept” [Parts

I, II and III] Economic and Political Weekly, November 27. • Friedmann, John (1992), “Rethinking the Economy: the Whole-Economy Model,” Empowerment; the

Politics of Alternative Development (Basil Blackwell), 37-71. • Sen, A.K. (1990), “Food, Economics, and Entitlements,” in Staatz, John & Carl Eicher, eds,

Agricultural Development in the Third World (Johns Hopkins Univ. Press) 189-205. • Poverty in Asia – Human Development Report 2005.

3

Week 6-7 – the Environment • Bakker, Karen, Michelle Kooy, Nur Endah Shofiani, and Ernst-Jan Martijn (2006), “Disconnected:

Poverty, Water Supply and Development in Jakarta, Indonesia” (NY: United Nations Human Development Report Occasional Paper).

• Hasan, Arif, Sheela Patel and David Satterthwaite (2005), “How to Meet the Millennium Development Goals (Mdgs) in Urban Areas,” Environment & Urbanization, 17:1, 3-17.

• Asian Coalition for Housing Rights (ACHR) (2009) “A Conversation about Upgrading at Bang Bua.” • Douglass, Mike et al. (2002), “Urban Poverty and the Environment -- Social Capital and State-

Community Synergy in Seoul and Bangkok,” in Peter Evans, ed., Livable Cities? The Politics of Urban Livelihood and Sustainability (Berkeley: Univ. California Press), 31-66.

• Cabannes, Yves (2004), “Participatory Budgeting: a Significant Contribution to Participatory Democracy,” Environment & Urbanization, 16:1, 27-46.

• Rabinovitch, Jonas (1992), “Curitiba: towards Sustainable Urban Development,” Environment and Urbanization, 4:2, 62-73.

• Douglass, Mike (2005), “Globalization, Mega-projects and the Environment: Urban Form and Water in Jakarta,” International Dialogic Conference on Global Cities: Water, Infrastructure and Environment, UCLA Globalization Research Center – Africa. Santa Barbara, May 16-19, 2005.

Week 8 – Lifeworlds, Civil Society and the Public Sphere • Friedmann, John (2007), “Reflections on Place-making in the Cities of China,” International Journal of

Urban & Regional Research, 31:2, 257-579. • Friedmann, John (2004), “Models of Civil Society: Latin America and China” (University of British

Columbia). • Douglass, Mike, Kong Chong Ho, and Giok-Ling Ooi (2002), “Civic Spaces, Globalisation and Pacific

Asia Cities,” International Development and Planning Review, 24:4, 345-361. • Douglass, Mike (2007), “Civil Society for Itself and in the Public Sphere: Comparative Research on

Globalization, Cities and Civic Space in Pacific Asia,” in Globalization, the City and the Rise of Civil Society -- The Social Production of Civic Spaces in Pacific Asia, edited by M. Douglass, K.C. Ho and G.L. Ooi (Routledge, in press).

• The bid-rent curve and urban land use under capitalist private property regimes

III. NATIONAL URBAN & REGIONAL STRATEGIES & GLOBALIZATION WEEK 9-14: Industrial Decentralization and National Spatial Strategies Week 9 – Growth Pole ‘theory of concentrated decentralization’ • Moseley, Michael (1974), "Growth-centre Theory and Growth-centre Policy", Growth Centres in

Spatial Planning (Oxford: Pergamon), Ch. 1. • Gore, Charles (1984), “Urban-industrial Growth Pole Strategies and the Diffusion of Modernization,”

Ch. 3 in Regions in Question (Methuen), 81-118. • Friedmann, J. (1968), “A Strategy of Deliberate Urbanization,” AIP Journal, Nov., 364-373. • Douglass–Spatial Models. • Douglass–NUDs Components Week 10 – One Country, Two Systems – The regional shift to China’s coastal cities • Fan, C. Cindy (1997), “Uneven Development and Beyond: Regional Development Theory in Post-Mao

China,” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 21:4, 620-639. • Rimmer, Peter J. (2002), “Overview: Restructuring Chinese Space in the New Millennium,” Pacific

Viewpoint, 43:1, 108. • Ming Lu and Zhao Chen (2006), “Urbanization, Urban-biased Policies and urban-rural Inequality in

China, 1987-2001, The Chinese Economy, 39:3, May-June, 42-63. Week 11 – Spring Break (March 22-26) Week 12 – Lessons from the Korean experience

4

• Douglass, Mike (2000), “Turning Points in the Korean Space-Economy -- from the Developmental State to Intercity Competition, 1953-2000,” Asia/Pacific Research Center, Institute for International Studies, Stanford University, Discussion Paper.

• Lee Jin-woo (2005), ‘Little Capital’ Project in Top Gear,” Korea Times, 25 November. • Douglass, Mike (2010), “Transborder Intercity Networks in East Asia: Regionalizing Globalization for

Economic Resilience.” Korean Research Institute for Human Settlements Monograph. Week 13-14 –Globalization and Urbanization in the Open Economies of Southeast Asia • Douglass, Mike (2010), “Cross-Border Water Governance in Asia,” in Shabbir Cheema, ed., Cross-

Border Governance in Asia and the Pacific (Tokyo: United Nations University Press, forthcoming). • Douglass, Mike (2006), “Local City, Capital City or World City? Civil Society, the (Post-)

Developmental State and the Globalization of Urban Space in Pacific Asia,” Pacific Affairs, 78: 4, Winter, 543-558.

• Lim, Merlyna (2007), “Transient Civic Spaces in Jakarta Demopolis,” in Globalization, the City and the Rise of Civil Society -- The Social Production of Civic Spaces in Pacific Asia, edited by M. Douglass, K.C. Ho and G.L. Ooi (Routledge).

IV. RURAL-URBAN LINKAGES AND REGIONAL PLANNING: WEEKS 15-16 Week 15-16 – Urban Bias and Rural Regional Development • Chambers, Robert (1983), “Rural Poverty Unperceived”, in Rural Development; Putting the Last First

(Longman). • Lipton, Michael (1976), "Urban Bias and Rural Planning in India", in H. Bernstein, ed.,

Underdevelopment and Development (Penguin, 1979), pp. 2335-253. • Douglass, Mike (2006), “A Regional Network Strategy for Reciprocal Rural-Urban Linkages: An

Agenda for Policy Research with Reference to Indonesia,” in Cecilia Tacoli, ed., Rural-Urban Linkages (Earthscan), 124-154.

• Adell, Germán (1999), “Theories and Models of the Peri-Urban Interface: A Changing Conceptual Landscape (Literature Review). Development Planning Unit, University College London; Strategic Environmental Planning and Management for the Peri-urban Interface Research Project

• Douglass, Mike (2000), “Rural Habitat – Spatial Development Planning for Improving Rural Livelihood,” Entwicklung + Laendlicher Raum (Agriculture + Rural Development), special issue on Spatial Development Planning, January (also published in German and French).

• Momen, Md Saiful (2009), “Synergistic Rural–Urban Development -- The Experience of the Rural–Urban Partnership Programme (RUPP) in Nepal,” International Development Planning Review, 31:3, 281-300

• Setiawan, Bakti and Sudharto P. Hadi (2007), “Regional autonomy and local resource management in Indonesia,” Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 48:1, 72–84.

• McKinnon, Katharine (2008), “Taking Post-development Theory to the Field: Issues in Development Research, Northern Thailand,” Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 49:3, 281–293.

WEEKS 16-17 [April 19-May 4]: Final Discussions and Student Presentations • Open discussion on what we have learned from the course on April 27 • Term paper presentations April 29 and May 4. Final papers due: May 4, last day of class.