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UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA


EXPERIMENT AL ANALYSIS AND STUDY OF FUEL SA VER DEVICE

This report submitted in accordance with requirement of the Universiti Teknikal

Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) for the Bachelor Degree of Engineering Technology

(Automotive Technology) with Honours

by

MOHD FIRDAUS BIN OMAR

B071110383

860618-14-5165

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

2015

. .

© Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka


BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN PROJEK SARJANA MUDA

TAJUK: Experimental Analysis And Study Of Fuel Saver Device

SESI PENGAJIAN: 2014/15 Semester 2

Saya MOHD FIRDAUS BIN OMAR

mengaku membenarkan Laporan PSM ini disimpan di Perpustakaan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:

1. Laporan PSM adalah hak milik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka dan penulis. 2. Perpustakaan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka dibenarkan membuat salinan

untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja dengan izin penulis. 3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan PSM ini sebagai bahan

pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi. 4. **Sila tandakan ( ./)

D SULIT (Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia sebagaimana yang termaktub dalam AKT A RAHS IA RASMI 1972)

D TERHAD (Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang telah ditentukan ~ oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)

~ TIDAK TERHAD

Alamat Tetap:

NO. 8 Jalan Bunga Cempaka 5,

Taman Mawar Cheras,

56100 Kuala Lumpur,

Disahkan oleh:

Cop Rasmi: AINAN llN lATIJA.N

Jurutera l"engajar .JabQton T ei<nologi Kejuruteroan Mek.anik.al

fakutti Tek.riologi J:ejuruteroon " Universiti TeKnik.al Malaysia Melak.a

· v,t

** Jika Laporan PSM ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada pihak berkuasa/ organisasi berkenaan dengan menyatakan sekali sebab dan tempoh laporan PSM ini perlu dikelaskan sebagai SULIT atau TERHAD.


DECLARATION

I hereby, declared this report entitled "Experimental Analysis And Study Of Fuel

Saver Device" is the results of my own research except as cited in references.

Signature

Author's Name

Date

MOHD FIRDAUS BIN OMAR

...... ?.t!.. ! .P.:.~ . ~r. ..................... .


APPROVAL

This report is submitted to the Faculty of Engineering Technology of UTeM as a

partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Engineering

Technology Mechanical (Automotive.). The member of the supervisory is as

follow:

............ k. .............. . (Mr Adnan Bin Katijan)

ADNAN llN KATIJAN • •• . ) 11ru1er.o P.enQOIOr

J~f¥~§~~~k0/ UJ'.~J!!!Jn.-r.;; ~ ~::'~e}Jft1~~an ••.-...""'"1~~~~r


ABSTRAK

Kajian ini adalah untuk memeriksa dan membandingkan keberkesanan alat

penjimatan bahan api ( Voltage Stabilizer, Magnectic Fuel Saver dan Mini Turbo

Fan) dalam enjin petrol 4 lejang. Menurut pengilang, penstabil voltan akan

mengurangkan penggunaan radas elektronik semasa memandu di dalam kenderaan

dan oleh itu enjin akan berasa lebih ringan dan akan menyebabkan penggunaan

bahan api dapat dikurangkan. Untuk penjimat bahan api magnet, menurut pengilang

bahan api ini akan berinteraksi didalam medan magnet di dalam talian bahan api dan

menyebabkan bahan api dibakar dengan mudah dalam kebuk pembakaran oleh

dengan itu ia akan menghasilkan pembakaran yang sempurna serta penggunaan

bahan api dapat dikurangkan. Alat terakhir sekali, menurut tuntutan pengilang kipas

mini turbo boleh meningkatkan aliran udara di dalam sistem pengambilan seperti

sistem turbo atau sistem supercharger dan ini akan dapat meningkatkan prestasi

enjin. Oleh itu ia dapat mengurangkan penggunaan bahan api. Untuk mengesahankan

tuntutan daripada pengilang, eksperimen akan dijalankan secara teori dan ujian

menggunakan ketiga-tiga alat penjimat bahan api . Pengesahan eksperimen akan

dijalankan dengan menggunakan Toyota Wish 1.8 2ZR 1.8 L dengan Transmisi

Automatik . Ujian akan dijalankan di jalan raya sebenar di jalan bandar atau jalan

persekutuan dan lebuh raya. Projek ini akan dilakukan dengan mengikut jadual atau

perancangan yang dicadangkan kepada penyelia.


ABSTRACT

This study to examine and compare the effectiveness of fuel saving devices (Voltage

Stabilizer, Magnetic Fuel Saver and Mini Turbo Fan) in the petrol engine. According

to the manufacturer, the voltage stabilizer will reduce current consumption in the

vehicle and therefore the engine will feel lighter and will result in reduced fuel

consumption. For magnetic fuel saver, manufacturer claimed fuel will interact in the

magnetic field inside fuel line and cause fuel to be burned easily inside combustion

chamber and thus will produce perfect combustion and reduced fuel consumption.

For last device, according manufacturer claim mini turbo fan can increase air flow

inside intake system like turbo or supercharger system and this will increase engine

performance thus reduce fuel consumption. The experimental validation will be

conducted by theory and testing using three aftermarket fuel saver. The experimental

validation will conduct with using Toyota Wish 2ZR 1.8 L with Automatic

Transmission. The tests have been conducted on actual road at city road or federal

road and high way.

11


DEDICATION

Especially to my beloved mother, father and family

Ill


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my greatest gratitude to ALLAH S.W.T for giving me

courage and strength to complete this thesis successfully. With HIS blessing and

bestowed, I be able to complete and finishing this thesis on time.

My special thanks go to my dedicated supervisor, Mr Adnan bin Katijan who

always provides good supervision, encouragement, critic and guiding me to complete

this thesis. I am truly indebt with all the helps that he provide for me during to

complete this thesis.

Lastly, to all people that have been involve directly and indirectly with full

willingness of contributing their effort, time, energy, and idea, helping me to

complete this thesis. There are not exact words that would be able express my feeling

of gratitude toward them except thank you and may ALLAH S.W.T bless you all.

Hope this thesis will become the guideline and reference for the other student

in the future.

IV


TABLE OF CONTENT

Abstrak

Abstract

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Table of Content

List of Tables

List of Figures

List Abbreviations, Symbols and Nomenclatures

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Summary

1.2 Project background

1.3 Problem statement

1.4 Objective

1.5 Scope

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

Overview of fuel saver device

History of fuel saver device

Type of device

Electronic device

2.3.1 Component of voltage stabilizers

2.3.2 Operation of voltage stabilizers

2.3.3 Previous researcher

Air flow device

2.4.1 Component of turbo jet

2.4.2 Function of turbo jet

2.4.3 Operation of turbo jet


11

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lV

V - Vl

Vll

Vlll - lX

x

1

2

2

2

3

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4

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5

6

7

8

9

10

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v

2.5 Magnet device

2.5.1 Component of magnet device

2.5.2 Operation of magnet device

2.5.3 Previous researcher

2.6 Driving cycle

CHAPTER3:METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Experimental apparatus

3.2.1 Selection of fuel saver device

3.2.2 The vehicle

3.2.3 Engine specification

3.3 Location and installation of fuel saver device

3.4 Operation of fuel flowrate sensor

3.5 Location of experimental

3.6 Experimental procedures

3.6.l Before conducting experimental

3.6.2 Procedure conducting experimental

CHAPTER 4: RESULT & DISCUSSION

4.1 Experiment result

4.1.1 Experiment 1

4.1.2 Experiment 2

4.1.3 Experiment 3

4.2 Discussion

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK

5.1

5.2

Conclusion

Future work

REFERENCES


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VI

LIST OF TABLES

3.1 Price list of electronic fuel saver device 12

3.2 Price list of air flow fuel saver device 15

3.3 Price list of magnet fuel saver device 21

3.4 Engine specification table 23

4.1 Data average fuel consumption urban driving cycle 32

4.2 Data average fuel consumption extra urban driving cycle 38

4.3 Data average fuel consumption for without device 44

4.4 Data average fuel consumption for electronic device 45

4.5 Data average fuel consumption for air flow device 46

4.6 Data average fuel consumption for magnetic device 47

4.7 Data average fuel consumption for combine device 48

Vil


LIST OF FIGURES

2.1 Voltage stabilizer plug in type 4

2.2 Voltage stabilizer battery connector type 5

2.3 Block diagram of fuel saver device in charging system 6

2.4 Electric turbo jet 8

2.5 Turbo jet without electric motor 8

2.6 Illustrates a diagram of the various stages the air intake undergoes 10

when the device is installed on the air intake line

2.7 Magnet device 1 1

2.8 Block diagram of fuel saver device in fuel line 12

2.9 Example diagram ofNEDC 14

2.10 Example fuel consumption archive using 3 type of driving cycle 15

in 3 different vehicles

3.1 Experimental methodology flow chart diagram 17

3.2 Location for air flow and magnet device inside engine bay 21

3.3 The air flow device will be install inside air ram pipe or air intake 21

pipe

3.4 The magnet device will be clamped at fuel line 22

3.5 Location for electronic device 22

3.6 The electronic device will be install at cigarette outlet 23

3.7 Block diagram of fuel flow rate sensor in fuel system 23

3.8 Display of fuel consumption 24

3.9 Display of average speed of vehicle 25

3.10 Display of outside temperature 25

3.11 Direction for Urban Driving Cycle 26

3.12 Direction for Extra Urban Driving Cycle 27

3.13 Display of fuel consumption have been reset 29

3.14 Display of average speed have been reset 29

3.15 Example of data fuel consumption 30

© Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Vlll

4.1 Comparison without any device vs electronic device for urban 33

driving cycle.

4.2 Comparison without any device vs air flow device for urban 34

driving cycle

4.3 Comparison without any device vs magnetic device for urban 35

driving cycle

4.4 Comparison without any device vs combine all devices for urban 36

driving cycle

4.5 Analysis in fuel consumption for urban driving cycle. 37

4.6 Comparison without device vs electronic device for extra urban 39

driving cycle

4.7 Comparison without device vs air flow device for extra urban 40

driving cycle.

4.8 Comparison without device vs magnetic device for extra urban 41

driving cycle

4.9 Comparison without device vs combine device for extra urban 42

driving cycle

4.10 Analysis in fuel consumption for extra urban driving cycle on 43

each device

4.11 Comparison urban driving cycle and extra urban driving cycle for 44

without device


electronic device


air flow device


electronic device.


combine device

4.16 Analysis in fuel consumption for total average driving cycle on 49

each device

© Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka IX

NEDC

KM

L

AVG

DC

v RPM

ADC

FTP-75

EUDC

AT

RM

VVT-i

DOCH

DIS

ETCS-i

0

c m

UMNO

MBMB

psi

RON

kg

%

ECU

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND

NOMENCLATURE

New European Driving Cycle

Kilometre

Litre

Average

Direct Current

Voltage

Rotation/Revolution Per Minute

Athens Driving Cycle

US Environment Protection Egency

Extra Urban Driving Cycle

Automatic Tranmission

Ringgit Malaysia

Variable Valve Timing-intelligent

Double Overhead Camshaft Head

Direct Ignition System

Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent

Degree

Celsius

Metre

United Malays Nation Organization

Majlis Bandaraya Melaka Bersejarah

Pound Per Square Inch

Research Octane Number

Kilogram

Percent

Electronic Control Unit

© Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka x

CHAPTERl

INTRODUCTION

As long as there are vehicles that use internal combustion engines, there is a

revolutionary device that promises improvements in performance and mileage. And

every time the fuel price hike, this device is growing like mushrooms after the rain.

According to dealer and testimony from customer that have use this device said to

get the significant and bigger reduction in fuel consumption, the vehicle should equip

more than one fuel saving device.

1.1 Project Background

At present, oil prices are unstable and this will further burden the lower class worker.

In this unstable situation, some people are trying to take advantage of the difficulties

of others such as selling useless items like fuel saving device. There are a variety of

fuel-saving devices such as electronic, magnet and air flow device in the current

market and according to the manufacturer claim, their fuel saving devices truly

effective in reducing fuel consumption and some dare to guarantee the device being

sold. Most of dealer and testimony from customer that have use this device said to

get the significant and bigger reduction in fuel consumption, the vehicle should be

equip more than one fuel saving device. If not get the desired results, the money will

be refunded.


1.2 Problem statement

From manufacturer advertisements, theirs simjlar claimed the voltage stabilizer,

magsaver and mini turbo fan can give high frequency impedance for more stable

voltage current to all electronic device, give a boost of air flow and also give a better

fuel ablaze. This will result in increased power, torque and improve fuel economy.

For this research the aim is only to investigation the effectives of this device on the

manufacturer claim of improving fuel economy. The effective for this device will be

validated after the experimental vehicle test with road testing. The analyze data and

results will approve or disapprove that the installation of this device will reduce the

fuel consumption.

1.3 Objective

The objective of this project is to validate the effectiveness of these fuel saver device

products by experimental method using actual road test at federal/city road and

highway road based on supplier and manufacturer's claims which states that their

product has impact on fuel saving usage.

1.4 Scope

The scope of this project is:-

(a) Determjne and compare with and without the use of each _fuel saver device on

vehicle.

(b) The experimental is conducted using Toyota Wish second generation (2013)

2ZR-FAE l.8L.

(c) The test is conducted at city road and highway using Driving cycle.

2 © Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

CHAPTER2

LITERATURE REVIEW

A case study on crude oil prediction at 2007 by Prof L. David Roper from Virginia

Polytechnic Institute and State University said, crude oil price prediction will

increase about 400 percent in 2020. This will lead about 30 percent increase price of

crude oil each year. With higher oil demand over the years, a variety of fuel-saving

devices have been created by the manufacturer to reduce fuel consumption on a

vehicle. This study is important because it will have a significant impact on daily

vehicle consumer.

2.1 History of fuel saver device

Fuel saver device already exist in early l 980' s when a company started by Mr. Joel

Robinson introduced a product called "The platinum fuel saver" in which device is

placed in vehicle vacuum line. This product claims that it can increase 22% of

overall gas mileage (platinum 22). Since then, there are many devices available today

that boast about saving gasoline and harnessing more miles per gallon by using their

product.


2.2 Type of device

There are many type of fuel saver device at the market today and most of device is to

optimize the ignition, fuel flow and air flow in engine system. This device usually is

easy to install at vehicle without cutting a wire or changing the part of engine. This

research is more on electronic device, air flow device and magnets device because

this entire device is more popular than other type and easy to install

2.3 Electronic device

Some of electronic devices is marketed as fuel saver and this device is the most

popular among the many types of fuel saving devices. This product also knows as

voltage stabilizers. This is because many types of electronic fuel saving device

requires no complicated installation in vehicles and easy to use. There are two

various type voltage stabilizers for vehicle. First type voltage stabilizer is installation

by plug in at cigarette lighter socket and the second type is installation by connection

to battery terminal. The voltage stabilizer types are shown in Figure 2.1 and Figure

2.2.

Figure 2.1 : Voltage stabilizer plug in type

(www.mudah.my/Fps+for+stabilizer+car+9936475.htm)


4

Figure 2.2 : Voltage stabilizer battery connection type

(www.zerotohundred.com/431896-pivot-raizin-voltage-stabilizer-with-meter.html)

Example from FPS voltage stabilizer manufacturer claim that their device gives

benefit such as:-

(a) Lowered fuel consumption and increase engine efficiency up to I 0 - 15%.

(b) Smoother engine, less noise and better throttle response.

( c) Increase lifespan of battery, alternator and electronic parts.

( d) Improved audio system and other electronic devices.

2.3.1 Component of voltage stabilizer

Most of the product have a simple design and have same component at each product.

The component is:-

( a) Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitor

An aluminium electrolytic capacitor consists of cathode aluminium foil ,

capacitor paper (electrolytic paper), electrolyte, and an aluminium oxide film,

which acts as the dielectric, formed on the anode foil surface. The function of

this capacitor is to accumulate energy and then to discharge the energy over

time. (Nichicon Corporation, 2013)

(b) LED (Light Emitting Diode)

To signify correct installation


( c) Replaceable fuse

Low resistance resistor that acts as a sacrificial device to provide overcurrent

protection of either the load or source circuit.

( d) Polyester capacitor

Paul Harden (n.d) state that polyester films use layers of metal and polyester

dielectric to make a wide range of capacitances in a relatively small package

at low voltages. These have become the standard caps for DC applications.

( e) Metal oxide varistor resistor

Varistor is polycrystalline ceramic devices exhibiting highly nonlinear

electrical behavior and greater energy absorption capability. The fabrication

of varistor is done by mixing semiconducting ZnO powder with other oxide

powders, and subjecting the powder mixture to conventional ceramic pressing

and sintering. The sintering results in a polycrystalline ceramic with grain

boundary property which produces the nonlinear current-voltage

characteristics of the device. When applied voltage exceeds rate clamping

voltage, the device effectively become short circuit and protecting the

component. (Thinking Electonic Industrial Co. LTD, 2012)

2.3.2 Operation of voltage stabilizer

12V Voltage Stabilizer

v 12¥ ... .. w

•!'I:*> ua!'u ,_,.,., s ~uo

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Figure 2.3 : Block diagram of fuel saver device in electrical system

(http://j imatminyakfus. blogspot.comL)

© Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka 6

Before engine start, voltage stabilizer used the power source from battery,

combination of series and parallel of Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitor will case and

store energy. When ignition switch on, Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitor will

discharge output voltage. Polyster Capacitor will precision voltage rate not higher

than 14V and delivers the relatively constant voltage to measure by digital voltmeter

before transmitted voltage output to electrical load. Aluminium Electrolytic

Capacitor will case and discharge all overtime. When the input voltage from

alternator is lower than 14V, this device still deliver a constant output of 14V by

using restore current energy from Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitor. If the input

voltage higher that limit, Polyester Capacitor will close the circuit, store energy from

Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitor will discharge and the same time recharge

simultaneously using the surplus voltage from polyester capacitor. Metal Oxide

Varistor resistor will protect this system when voltage exceeds rated clamping

voltage; the device effectively becomes a short circuit. (Noor affandy, 2010)

2.3.3 Previous research of voltage stabilizer device

Noor affandy bin ahas, 2010. Studied on Experimental Validation Of Aftermarket

Fuel Saving Device (Voltage Stabilizer). The experiment was conduct using Nissan

Grand Livina 1.6L HRl 6DE 1.6 L with Automatic Transmission. The vehicle has

tested before and after the installation voltage stabilizer with Dynomax 2000 Chassis

Dynamometer for torque and power performance to determine its effects on fuel

economy. The results indicated that the voltage stabilizer device has increase of

torque performance about 1.4% begins at 2900 rpm and continuously to 6050 rpm.

However, there is no significant effect for the purpose of fuel saving and reducing

the cost of fuel consider the behaviour of driver and limit speed ofthis country.


2.4 Air flow device

Air flow device usually know as turbo jet. This device is mounted on air flow system

at engine system. It was not easy to install but it was not too complicated to install.

There are two type of turbo jet. First type is using electrical motor to rotate or spin

the fan and the second type is not using any electrical motor. The turbo jet types are

shown in Figure 2.3 and Figure 2.4.

Figure 2.4 : Electric turbo jet (http://www.ebay.com/itm/Electric-Turbo-Air-Intake

Supercharger-Fan-Power/251323712822)

Figure 2.5 : Turbo jet without electrical motor (www.lelong.com.my/simota-super

spiral-turbo-ventilator-twin-fan-I928982C-2007-01 )


Example from simota super spiral turbo jet manufacturer claim that their device

gives benefit such as:-

(a) Improves fuel efficiency and save fuel up to 30%

(b) Increase horse power 30%

( c) Increase top speed 30%

( d) 15 times stronger air flow

2.4.1 Component of turbo jet

Both devices have a same component but for electrical turbo jet, it use electrical

motor. According to Guilas (2011), each component is variations in size, materials,

shape, form, function, and the manner of operation, assembly and use. The

component is:-

( a) Fan

Wherein the fan is mounted within the housing and is free to rotate inside of

the housing. The fan is only powered by movement of the air intake, which

more air entering the device, the faster the fan is rotate and creating

turbulence and compress the air that improves atomization with fuel

(b) Housing

Wherein the housing is of hollow or aluminium contruction.The housing is

fitted in line between an air filter and the engine of an air intake line.

( c) Shoulder bracket

Wherein the shoulder bracket seals and secures the first end to second end of

the housing.

( d) Hose adapter

These components use to connect the devices inside engine air flow system.


2.4.2 Function of turbo jet

The air intake accessory includes a housing containing a non-electric fan. The

housing has an inlet and outlet each of which connects between the air filter and

engine on the air intake line. The housing has a nozzle along the side of the fan

closest the air filter, which speeds up movement of the intake air. The inclusion of

the nozzle and non-electric fan improves fuel efficiency and engine performance.

(Guilas. M, 2011)

2.4.3 Operation of turbo jet

AIR FROM AIR FILTER

MORE POWER TO ENGINE

NARROW NOZZLE

AIR TURBULENCE

COMPRESS AIR

NON-ELECTRIC FAN

Figure 2.6: Illustrates a diagram of the various stages the air intake undergoes when the device is installed on the air intake line.

The device is inserted into the air intake system of a motor vehicle in order to save

fuel and boost power. However, the of air movement, as opposed to a non-electric

fan that spins as air enters the device and of which boosts the volumetric flow rate of

the air in order to improve fuel efficiency. Some turbo-assisted vehicles are equipped

with at least two turbo fans, one placed in the inlet to the engine and another in the

outlet, the two axles of the turbo fans being connected directly to each other with a

shaft and, in some cases, with additional intervening gears. The resulting inlet outlet

turbo fans have opposite rotations. (Burnett , 2005)

© Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka IO

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