Unit NineUnit Nine

ShoppingShopping

All good things are cheap, all bad things are very dear. ( H. D. Thoreau )

Shopping

Proverbs and Sayings

There are more foolish buyers than foolish sellers. 

When you go to buy, use your eyes not your ears. 

Honesty may be dear bought, but can never be an ill penny-worth. 

愚蠢的买主多于愚蠢的卖主。

出高价买来的诚实，不会永远没有价值。

你去购买东西时，要用眼睛莫用耳。

Word Study

Shopping was once a local activity cond

ucted out of daily necessity. When people coul

d not find the things they need fairly near thei

r homes, it was rarely feasible to look elsewhe

re.

Oral Practice I

Think as many as possible the names of

places where you could go shopping.

Shopping places

Food vender

Shopping places

Snack joint

Shopping places

Fruit stall

Shopping places

Flower

shop

Shopping places

Fabrics store

Shopping places

Beer vending machine

Shopping places

Countryside fair

Shopping places

Flea

market

Shopping places

Boutique

Shopping places

Mall

Shopping places

Department st

ore

Shopping places

Supe

rmar

ket

Shopping places

Bazar

Shopping places

Discussion II

• Which one among the above shopping places will be your favorite shopping desination? Why?

I budget my money, because I think money is I budget my money, because I think money is important, especially for students. We get the important, especially for students. We get the money from our parents. money from our parents.

I budget my money, because I think money is I budget my money, because I think money is important, especially for students. We get the important, especially for students. We get the money from our parents. money from our parents.

Directions: Working in pairs, discuss the following question.

Do you budget ( 预算 ) your money? If not, why not? If so, how?

SAMPLE 1:

Discussion III

They work hard to support us, so we They work hard to support us, so we should learn to save money and not to should learn to save money and not to waste anything. That is why I usually waste anything. That is why I usually budget my money. budget my money. FirstFirst, I put aside the , I put aside the money for food and books, because they money for food and books, because they are the most important part. Then I can are the most important part. Then I can use the rest of the money for use the rest of the money for entertainment, clothing, transportation entertainment, clothing, transportation and so on. and so on.

They work hard to support us, so we They work hard to support us, so we should learn to save money and not to should learn to save money and not to waste anything. That is why I usually waste anything. That is why I usually budget my money. budget my money. FirstFirst, I put aside the , I put aside the money for food and books, because they money for food and books, because they are the most important part. Then I can are the most important part. Then I can use the rest of the money for use the rest of the money for entertainment, clothing, transportation entertainment, clothing, transportation and so on. and so on.

SecondSecond, if I haven’t enough money left at , if I haven’t enough money left at the end of the month, I’ll cut down on my the end of the month, I’ll cut down on my daily expenses such as snacks, tapes, daily expenses such as snacks, tapes, drinks and so on. I usually think carefully drinks and so on. I usually think carefully before I buy anything so as to avoid before I buy anything so as to avoid wasting money. wasting money.

SecondSecond, if I haven’t enough money left at , if I haven’t enough money left at the end of the month, I’ll cut down on my the end of the month, I’ll cut down on my daily expenses such as snacks, tapes, daily expenses such as snacks, tapes, drinks and so on. I usually think carefully drinks and so on. I usually think carefully before I buy anything so as to avoid before I buy anything so as to avoid wasting money. wasting money.

I don’t usually budget my money. I know it’s a I don’t usually budget my money. I know it’s a good idea to budget my money, but I just don’t good idea to budget my money, but I just don’t know how. know how. What’sWhat’s moremore,, I’m not used to I’m not used to arranging money matters by myself. I think it’s arranging money matters by myself. I think it’s troublesome to write down what you have troublesome to write down what you have bought each time. I can ask for money from my bought each time. I can ask for money from my parents anyway. So I don’t budget my money parents anyway. So I don’t budget my money now. Perhaps later on I will have to.now. Perhaps later on I will have to.

I don’t usually budget my money. I know it’s a I don’t usually budget my money. I know it’s a good idea to budget my money, but I just don’t good idea to budget my money, but I just don’t know how. know how. What’sWhat’s moremore,, I’m not used to I’m not used to arranging money matters by myself. I think it’s arranging money matters by myself. I think it’s troublesome to write down what you have troublesome to write down what you have bought each time. I can ask for money from my bought each time. I can ask for money from my parents anyway. So I don’t budget my money parents anyway. So I don’t budget my money now. Perhaps later on I will have to.now. Perhaps later on I will have to.

SAMPLE 2:

Directions: Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks with the information given.

Words You Need to Know:

pants ( 短裤） sweater （毛衣）

plain （朴素的 ) purple ( 紫色的）

Listening Exercise

Black pants

Pink pants

Purple sweater

White sweater

Brown jacket

White jacket

Man

Wo-man

Go with every-thing

Nicer color

Too plain Bright Too

darkLighter

Too

hotBetter quality

Loosermore comfor-table

Expen-sive

More useful

M: This is a really good store. I' m sure you can find everything you need for Europe right here.

W: I hope so. I have a lot to do before the trip.M: Do you know what you need? W: Not too much, really. Pants, a light jacket, and a

sweater. M: Here are the pants. Oh! This is a nice pair.

They're black, so they will go with everything.W: Except, if it's sunny, they'll be too hot. Besides, I

already have black ones at home. How about these pink

pants?M: They're a much nicer color. W: And they feel like a better quality too. I'll try them on later.

Let's look for a sweater now...I like this purple

one.

M: Do you? I really think it's too plain. What do you think of this white one? It's brighter, so you could wear it in the evening.

W: I know. But the purple one is looser. It'll be more comfortable. Anyway, I have some colorful sweaters at home.

M: Well, try the purple one, then,W: Let's see, I guess the last thing is the jacket.M: Look at this brown jacket. It's beautiful, but I

know it is too dark for the summer.W: It's also too expensive! Don't want to spend that

much money. Do you see any white jackets?M: Right over here. Oh, these are much lighter.W: And a lot more useful.

Example

Work in groups to answer the following Work in groups to answer the following questions.questions.

Young women spend most of their money on such things as cosmetics, clothes and jewelry.

How do young women spend their money?

Young men spend most of their money on sporting goods, cameras, CDs, stereo equipments, bicycles, shoes, jeans, musical instruments, and electronic games.

How do young men spend their incomes?

Their influence on products and brand choices of their parents. (Para. 4-6)

Their role as main purchasers of certain items.(Para. 2-3)

The market importance of the youth. (Para.1-7)

Their brand loyalties that may last well into adulthood. (Para. 7)

Main sources of information for the youth’s shopping. (Para. 9)

Either friends or parents are the most significant influence on the youth’s buying decision, but at different time. (Para. 8)

他买那台便携数码摄像机 (digital video camcorder) 并没有得到父母的同意

His purchase of that digital video camcorder didn’t get his parents’ permission.

purchase (line 3, Para. 1) n. 1) buying 买；购买

He secured a loan toHe secured a loan to purchase purchase a new car.a new car.

他获得了一笔用于购买汽车的贷款。

v. buy 购买（ buy 更为常用）

名词派生词： purchaser n. buyer 买家；买主

他是受了她的影响才开始对社会学感兴趣的。 It was through his influence that she became interested in sociology.

Her selfless dedication to her job __________________________________. 她对于工作的无私奉献深深地影响着她的同事。

influence (line 4, Para. 1) n. 影响力，感化力；有影响力的人，事务； 影响，感化（与 upon 连用，

后接人）

had great influence upon her colleagues

v. exert an influence on; have an effect on 影响；对……有作用

She was deeply affected by the sad news that her brother died in the plane crash.

词义辨析：influence 指对思想行为具有的影响，是无形的，潜移默化的；affect 指对人或物所产生的效果或影响，是有形的影响。

不管你说什么都不会改变她的选择。

我们读的书会影响我们的思想。 What we read will influence our thinking.

Whatever you say will not affect her choice.

注： affect 也可以使人的思想感情发生变化，产生影响

她弟弟死于空难的不幸消息让她深感悲痛。

China’s TV giant Sichuan Changhong’s cooperation with Microsoft signifies that the TV maker will ________________________________. （将会把数字电视作为其未来的生产方向）

我们应使自己的工作我们应使自己的工作适应适应人民的需要。人民的需要。We must orient our work to the needs of the people.

orient (line 17, Para. 3) v. aim something at, or make something suitable for a particular group of people 以……为方向；以……为目的

orient its productionto digital TV sets

oriented 常与名词构成复合形容词，意为“以……为目的； 重视……的”

请翻译以下短语

以钱为中心的 以钱为中心的 money-oriented money-oriented

examination-orientedexamination-oriented

以消费为主导的以消费为主导的 consumption-orientedconsumption-oriented

以应试教育为导向的 以应试教育为导向的

student-orientedstudent-oriented

以职业培训为主导的 以职业培训为主导的 vocation-orientedvocation-oriented

以学生为中心的 以学生为中心的

contemporary (line 29, Para. 4) adj. of the present time; modern 当代的；现代

的请完成下面的句子

Li Ao, Liu Yong and Yu Qiuyu are ____ ___________________________________.

（她非常欣赏的当代华人作家）

thecontemporary Chinese writers she admires

In my opinion, the online music _____________________

_______________________. （也可以被看成是现代音乐的一种形式）

can also be regarded as a kind of contemporary music

n. person contemporary with another 同时代的人

Tom and I were contemporaries at college.

汤姆和我同时上的大学。

___________________________________________________, baidu.com has achieved a more outstanding performance even than Google and Yahoo. 在中文网络搜索引擎方面，百度甚至有着比 Google 和 Yahoo 更为突出的表现。

in terms of (line 42, Para. 6) 按照；在……方面；从……

方面（来说） 请完成下面的句子

In terms of the Internet search engine of the Chinese language

___________________________________, South Korea’s Samsung has become the world’s top maker. 在彩色电视机生产领域，韩国的三星已经成为世界第一大制造商。

In terms of the production of color TV sets

rational (line 63, Para. 9) adj. 合理的；理性的，明达的

了解以下常用搭配

rational children 懂道理的孩子懂道理的孩子

a rational act / plan / suggestion/explanation

合理的行为 / 计划 / 建议 / 解释

in a rational way

理性的谈判者理性的谈判者a rational negotiator

按理性的做法按理性的做法

perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge

感性认识和理性认识

perceive (line 70, Para. 9) v. become aware of, esp. through the eyes or the mind; understand or think of something in a particular way 感觉，察觉；领悟，看待

他现在认识到自己的错误了。

只有美术家才能看出一幅画色彩中细微的浓淡深浅。

He now perceived his error.

Only an artist could perceive the fine shades of color in a painting.

perceive…as/to be: regard…as 把……看作

The police officer perceived the man in black to be the murder at the first sight.

I perceive that movie as one of the worst I have ever seen.

警官第一眼就觉得那个黑衣人就是杀人犯。

我认为这是我看过的最糟糕的一场电影。

名词形式： perception 感觉，了解；领悟；理解力

prior (line 72, Para. 9) adj. earlier in time, order or importance (to) 较早的；顺序在先的；更重要的（常与 to 连

用）

That local TV station _______________________________Taiwan girlband S.H.E. 那家当地的电视台对台湾女子演唱组合 “ S.H.E” 有优先采访权。

他他预先预先有约会，所以不能跟你去。有约会，所以不能跟你去。He has a prior engagement and so can't go with you.

had the prior claim to the interview of

prior to: prep. before 在……之前；先于，优先于

_______________________________, we’d better take his views into consideration. 在讨论这件事之前，我们最好考虑一下他的意见。

这项任务这项任务比比所有其它任务都所有其它任务都重要重要。。

This task is prior to all others.

Prior to any discussion of this matter

名词形式： priority 较早；顺序在先；优先权

supervision (line 74, Para. 9) n. supervising 监督；管理；指导

_____________________ The Music Copyright Society of

China, star-level hotels in Shanghai have to pay for the

background music they play in their lobbies, restaurants and

guest rooms.

在中国音乐著作权协会的监督下，上海的星级酒店必须要为自己在大堂，饭店及客房里播放的背景音乐付费。

Under the supervision of

请完成下面的句子

动词形式： supervise v. watch and direct (work, workers, an organization) 监督；管理；指导

He is responsible for supervising the whole project.

The teacher is supervising all the pupils taking the English examination.

他负责他负责监督监督整个工程。整个工程。

这个老师对参加英语考试的学生正在这个老师对参加英语考试的学生正在监考监考。 。

a highly consumption oriented society

with the large growth in the number of …

Teenagers have been increasingly aware of new products and brands.

一个极其以消费为导向的社会

在……方面数量大增

十几岁的年轻人越来越了解新的产品和品牌。

to occupy an important position

占据了一个重要的地位

Brand loyalties could last well into adulthood.

translate into market figures

对品牌的忠诚完全可以一直持续到成年阶段

换算成市场数字

For many product decisions, friends are the most significant influence.

在做很多购物决定时，朋友影响得最厉害。

The important point is that …

关键的问题是……

Unit 9: After-Class Reading

Shopping

Cultural Background

• Santa Claus:• A short happy man who

rode in an open sleigh pulled by reindeer.

The story of Santa Claus began hundreds of years earlier. During the 4th century, a Roman Catholic （天主教的 ) Church official called Nicholas of Myra became famous for his many good action. After his death, Americans decided to make St. Nicholas part of the celebration of Christmas, but he got a new name— Santa Claus. It was taken from the Dutch words for St. Nicholas — Sante Klaas.

Cultural Background

• Thanksgiving Day: • the fourth Thursday in

November• a story of hardship, sacrifice

and reward• the Thanksgiving Day turkey

The pilgrims left Netherlands to establish a colony in North America.In 1620, they landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts on their ship, the Mayflower. With the help of the local friendly Indians, the Pilgrim colonists began planting their crops. At summer’s end in 1621, the Pilgrims had a good harvest of corn and barley. To give thanks for this first harvest, the Pilgrims decided to set aside a time for celebration. Finally in 1863, President Abraham Lincoln declared the fourth Thursday in November as a national holiday of thanksgiving.

Text Structure

• Para.1: In terms of shopping, men and women are quite different. (Introductory Remark)

• Para.2—4: Crazy shopping activities on national holidays.

• Para.5—7: Differences among the three types of shoppers when

they go shopping. (the dedicated or serious shoppers/the unwilling shoppers/ the likely unwilling shoppers)

• Para.8: Shopping is likely here to stay.(Conclusion)

Sentence Study

• 1.Stores and shopping centers have made it more attractive to shop for items ranging from snacks to clothing, groceries and jewelry, sporting goods and kitchen appliances. (Line 5)

• 商店的购物中心尽力使购物更具有诱惑力，从零食到服装、杂货、首饰、运动商品和厨房用具，应有尽有。

•

• -ing 分词作定语修饰 items 。

Sentence Study

• 1.Stores and shopping centers have made it more attractive to shop for items ranging from snacks to clothing, groceries and jewelry, sporting goods and kitchen appliances. (Line 5)

• range (v.) between A and B/ from A to B 在 A 和 B 之间变化或变动• e.g. Their age range from 25 to 50.• Prices range between $7 and $10.

Sentence Study

• 2. One suspects that national holidays have been placed on the calendar not primarily to honor national heroes of historical events, but rather to stimulate otherwise good managers of their family budgets to abandon their usually sound economic senses and rush to the store for shopping. (Line 8)

• 有的人还认为，把节假日列在日历上， 主要不是为了纪念民族英雄或者历史时间，而是为了刺激那些原本善于安排家庭开支的好管家放弃他们通常健全的经济头脑，速去购物。

•

• 并列结构： not…but 不是……而是……• e.g. Your argument is not sound, but very groundless.

Sentence Study

• 3. Some stores, recognizing this unfortunate situation, will store the shopping items for the shopper until a later date— or until the shopper can find more money available — and some stores offer to deliver the shopping items to the shopper’s home, usually free of charge. (Line 28)

• 一些商店，意识到这令人遗憾的情形，会帮购物者把所购之物存放几天（或者等到购物者手头有更所得钱时），有些商店会提供送货上门的服务，通常是免费的。

Sentence Study

• 3. Some stores, recognizing this unfortunate situation, will store the shopping items for the shopper until a later date— or until the shopper can find more money available — and some stores offer to deliver the shopping items to the shopper’s home, usually free of charge. (Line 28)

• -ing 分词作伴随状语• and 连接两个并列句，“ some stores… and some stor

es…”, 其中“ or until …” 作插入语，不影响句子结构。

Sentence Study

• 4. They prefer to go directly to the counter or area in the store where their desired item is found, catch the attention of the clerk; or better yet place the desired item in a shopping cart and move as rapidly as possible toward the checkout counter. ( Line 40)

• 他们喜欢直接到可以找到他们所需物品的柜台或者商店里的某个地方去，并引起店员的注意；或者最好将他们所需之物放在小推车上，接着就尽快地到收款处走去。

Sentence Study

• 4. They prefer to go directly to the counter or area in the store where their desired item is found, catch the attention of the clerk; or better yet place the desired item in a shopping cart and move as rapidly as possible toward the checkout counter. ( Line 40)

• prefer to do sth. 喜欢做某事• e.g. She prefer to be alone.• prefer sth. (to sth.) 选择某物（而不选择其他事物）• e.g. I prefer walking to cycling.

• better yet 甚至更好• e.g. Break the news gently to him. Better yet, just don’t mention it.

Sentence Study

• 5. Most of them, however, are likely unwilling shoppers who are convinced by their serious shopper spouse or friends that shopping can really be fun. ( Line 46)

• 不过，他们中的大多数往往是不愿购物的人，后来却被热衷购物的配偶或朋友说服，相信购物真的很有趣。

• who 引导定语从句 , 修饰先行词 likely unwilling shoppers 。这个定语从句又含有 that 引导的宾语从句，作 are convinced 的宾语。

Sentence Study

• 6. These seems little hope of escape from the influence of merchants and sales persons in shops and shopping malls.( Line 53)

• 要逃脱商店和购物中心里商人和推销员的影响似乎不太可能。

• escape (n.) from 逃走，逃脱e.g. There have been few successful escapes from this prison. escape (v. ) from 逃走，逃脱e.g. She longed to escape from her mother’s domination.

Words and Phrases

• suspect (v.)

1. feel doubt about (sth.); mistrust 怀疑（某事）， 不信任e.g. I suspect the truth of her statement.

2. suspect sb. (of sth./doing sth.)怀疑某人有某罪e.g. What made you suspect her of having taken the mone

y? (n.) person suspected of a crime 嫌疑犯e.g. He’s a prime suspect in the murder case.

Words and Phrases

stimulate (v.)

1. stimulate sb./sth. to do sth. arouse sb./sth. 刺激某人做某事e.g. Praises always stimulate interest in the artist’s work.

2. cause (sth.) to work or function 促使（某事）发挥作用e.g. The exhibition stimulated interest in the artist’s work.

stimulating (adj.)

stimulation (n.)

stimulus (n.) 刺激物

Words and Phrases

• budget (n.) • estimate or plan of how money will be spent over a period of time 预算

• on a (tight) budget having only a small amount of money 拮据e.g. A family on a budget can’t afford meat every day.

(v.) plan the spending of money/ save money 编入预算 / 存钱

e.g. If we budge carefully, we’ll be able to afford a new card.

(adj.) cheap, inexpensive 不贵的，便宜的e.g. a budget meal, holiday

Words and Phrases

• digest (n.) summary• e.g. Reader’s Digest 读者文摘• • • (v.) 1. break food down inside a living creature so that it can b

e used within its body 消化• e.g. It takes hours for a meal to digest.• 2. fully understand 吸收，领悟• e.g. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and som

e few to be chewed and digested. ( Francis Bacon: Of Studies)•

Words and Phrases register (n.)1. a machine in a store that cashiers use to keep track of money taken in or pai

d out 现金出纳机e.g. a cashier register

2. the book that a list or record of something is kept in 登记表，注册簿e.g. The class teacher called the name on the register.

(v.) 1. put someone’s or something’s name on an official list 登记， 注册

e.g. Where can I register for the English course? 2. show sth. such as a feeling or an attitude 表示，表达e.g.He slammed the door to register his anger.

Words and Phrases

• dedicate (v.) devote …to 奉献给， 献身于• dedicate oneself/sth. to sth.• e.g. She dedicated her life to helping the poor.• She dedicated her first book to her husband.

• dedicated (adj.) devoted • e.g.He is a dedicated teacher.

• dedication (n.) dedication to sth.

Words and Phrases

• flock (v.) move or gather together in large number 蜂拥而至，簇拥• e.g. Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。• Tourists flock to the museums in the summer.

• (n.) a group of sheep, goats or birds; a group of people • e.g. a flock of wild geese

• People came in flock to see the royal procession.

Words and Phrases

• ridicule (n.) scorn 嘲笑• e.g. He became an object of ridicule.• • (v.) make fun of (sb./sth.)• e.g.The opposition ridicule the government’s proposals.• • ridiculous (adj.) absurd• e.g. You look ridiculous in those tight jeans.

Words and Phrases

• convince (v.) make sb. feel certain 使某人相信，确信• convince sb. (of sth.)• e.g. How can I convince you of her honesty?• What she said convinced me that I was mistaken.

• convinced (adj.) firm in one’s belief 坚定不移的• e.g. a convinced Christian • convincible (adj.) willing to be convincing 可被说服的• e.g. He is a convincible man.• convincing (adj.) that convinces 令人信服的• e.g. What you said is a convincing argument.

Useful Expressions

• 1. there must be something about…• 关于……有一定的道理• 2. range from… to• 在……之间变化• 3.elbow and shove one’s way to …• 推推搡搡挤到……• 4.back and forth • 来来回回地• 5.free of charge• 免费的

Useful Expressions

• 6.better yet • 甚至更好• 7. In theory … .In reality• 理论上…… 实际上… 8. there is seldom the case 情况很少能这样 9. get out of control 失控 10. Shopping is likely here to stay. 购物很可能会被人们普遍接受并成为风尚

。

Main PointsMain Points

Some people like shopping while others don’t. In order to attract more people to buy their commodities, many stores and shopping centers make use of ________ to promote ______. There are even some shoppers who regard shopping as an important _______. However, there are still some people who consider shopping _____ or ______. It seems to be difficult to _______ shopping because it has been accepted by most people.

Some people like shopping while others don’t. In order to attract more people to buy their commodities, many stores and shopping centers make use of national holidays to promote bargains. There are even some shoppers who regard shopping as an important entertainment. However, there are still some people who consider shopping boring or tiring. It seems to be difficult to control shopping because it has been accepted by most people.