Unit 2Unit 2

Southern English Colonies in the Americas

Southern English Colonies in the Americas

Types of coloniesTypes of colonies

• Corporate – owned by a company for profit

• Proprietary – owned by one person

• Royal – owned by the king

• Corporate – owned by a company for profit

• Proprietary – owned by one person

• Royal – owned by the king

Differences in the coloniesDifferences in the colonies• Motivations

– Northern colonies come for religious reasons– Southern colonies come for economic reasons

• Northern/religious colonies bring families and grow more quickly – South mostly men seeking wealth – few women

• North is small farmers/fishing/small industry

• South is agrarian only. Large farms with cash crops (grown only for sale/export)

• North is Protestant/Congregationalist

• South is Protestant/Anglican

• Middle colonies are a mixture of North and South

• Motivations– Northern colonies come for religious reasons– Southern colonies come for economic reasons

• Northern/religious colonies bring families and grow more quickly – South mostly men seeking wealth – few women

• North is small farmers/fishing/small industry

• South is agrarian only. Large farms with cash crops (grown only for sale/export)

• North is Protestant/Congregationalist

• South is Protestant/Anglican

• Middle colonies are a mixture of North and South

American SettlementsAmerican Settlements

• Spanish establish Santa Fe 1610.

• French establish Quebec in 1608.

• English establish Jamestown in 1607.

• Spanish establish Santa Fe 1610.

• French establish Quebec in 1608.

• English establish Jamestown in 1607.

Jamestown - 1607Jamestown - 1607

• Virginia company of London received a charter form King James I.

• Charter guaranteed same rights of Englishman as at home.

• Sight was on the James River

• John Smith kept the colony going.Rule “He who shall not work shall not eat”

• Virginia company of London received a charter form King James I.

• Charter guaranteed same rights of Englishman as at home.

• Sight was on the James River

• John Smith kept the colony going.Rule “He who shall not work shall not eat”

Jamestown Continued…Jamestown Continued…

• Starvation was a constant problem– 1607 (104 land, 38 survive)– 1609 (500 land, 60 survive)

• What kept the colony going was a constant supply of capital and supplies from England

• John Rolfe becomes father of Tobacco industry.

• Demand for Tobacco is created in European markets. Virginia begins to prosper.

• Starvation was a constant problem– 1607 (104 land, 38 survive)– 1609 (500 land, 60 survive)

• What kept the colony going was a constant supply of capital and supplies from England

• John Rolfe becomes father of Tobacco industry.

• Demand for Tobacco is created in European markets. Virginia begins to prosper.

Representative GovernmentRepresentative Government

• London company authorize an Assembly in 1619. “House of Burgesses”

• Indentured servitude is the primary labor sources through the late 1600’s

• Tobacco saves the colony and becomes THE cash crop and reason for success

• African Slavery first started in VA in 1619

• London company authorize an Assembly in 1619. “House of Burgesses”

• Indentured servitude is the primary labor sources through the late 1600’s

• Tobacco saves the colony and becomes THE cash crop and reason for success

• African Slavery first started in VA in 1619

MarylandMaryland• Founded in 1634.• Lord Baltimore: Catholic family.• Looking for financial profits and religious refugee

for Catholics• Large estates=Catholic relatives. Backcountry

settlers=Protestant. Problems!!! • Tobacco main crop. • Permitted Freedom of Worship for Christians only

• Pass the Act of Toleration=Catholic supported.

Why?

• Founded in 1634.• Lord Baltimore: Catholic family.• Looking for financial profits and religious refugee

for Catholics• Large estates=Catholic relatives. Backcountry

settlers=Protestant. Problems!!! • Tobacco main crop. • Permitted Freedom of Worship for Christians only

• Pass the Act of Toleration=Catholic supported.

Why?

CarolinasCarolinas• West Indies colonist begin to move to Carolinas. • Formally created in 1670. • Hope to grow food supplies to feed the West

Indies.• Began by trying to enslave Native Americans

and sell them as slaves elsewhere. • Relationship between Carolinas and Natives

was brutal. • Rice became the chief export crop. African

slaves again become the main source of labor. Malaria resistant, used to heat, rice background and easily identifiable.

• West Indies colonist begin to move to Carolinas. • Formally created in 1670. • Hope to grow food supplies to feed the West

Indies.• Began by trying to enslave Native Americans

and sell them as slaves elsewhere. • Relationship between Carolinas and Natives

was brutal. • Rice became the chief export crop. African

slaves again become the main source of labor. Malaria resistant, used to heat, rice background and easily identifiable.

GeorgiaGeorgia

• Last of the Colonies founded in 1733.

• A buffer between Spanish and the other English colonies. Only colony to receive monetary subsidies from the British Gov’t.

• Philanthropists were determined to give debtors a place to start fresh. James Oglethorpe-Good leadership and mortgaging his own fortune.

• Last of the Colonies founded in 1733.

• A buffer between Spanish and the other English colonies. Only colony to receive monetary subsidies from the British Gov’t.

• Philanthropists were determined to give debtors a place to start fresh. James Oglethorpe-Good leadership and mortgaging his own fortune.