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UNIQUEUNIQUEUNIQUE

With Special ThanksSamane Saedy

Najme SalimiMina Rostami

Mohsen MohammadiMohammad Ali Heydari

Foad Negarestani

Marry Bill Gates's DaughterMarry Bill Gates's Daughter

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36The R&B History33

History of writing 40

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We have done already 3 issues, since 1st issue we changed a lot.What do you think about the latest issues, What do you like or what you don’t like about new look, about the content, and let us know what would you like to find in the next issues!

Also New web log is done! Check this out sweet-english.blogspot.comAnd please give us a feedback by This E-mail: ets-pnu@gmail.com

Best Regards,

hihi

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“The beauty of God is not descriptive,

Borrow the sight of love, to understand it”and if you borrow the sight of lovefrom the lovers of His beauty,who are His openmouthed,and you look at the world using that especial sight,you will see another world

full of angels

full of dance

full of rhythm

full of paintings

full of heavenly bodies Finally a day will comeand it won’t be too latethat people look at each other’s facewith the strange sight and what made angels adore Adam,they’ll see in each other’s faceand treat humanely with each other.

Descriptive: describing sthopenmouthed: surprisedAdore: worship

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nne of Green Gables is a book written by Canadian

author Lucy Maud Mont-gomery; it was first pub-lished in 1908. It was written as fiction for readers of all ages, but in recent decades has been considered a children's book. Montgomery found her inspiration for the book in a newspaper ar-ticle describing a couple that was mistakenly sent an orphan girl instead

of a boy, yet decided to keep her. Montgomery also drew upon her own childhood experiences in rural Prince Edward Is-land. Montgomery used a photograph of Evelyn Nesbit, clipped from an American magazine and pasted on the wall above her writing desk, as the model for Anne Shirley, the book's protagonist.

Plot summaryMiss Marilla Cuthbert and Mr. Matthew Cuth-

lings who live together at Green Gables, a farm in Avonlea, on Prince Ed-ward Island, decide to adopt a boy from an or-phan asylum in Nova Sco-tia as a helper on their farm. Through a series of mishaps, what ends up under their roof is a precocious girl of elev-en named Anne Shirley. Anne is bright and quick, eager to please but dis-satisfied with her name, her pale countenance dotted with freckles, and with her long braids of red hair. Being a child of imagination, however, Anne takes much joy in life, and adapts quickly, thriving in the environ-ment of Prince Edward Island.The rest of the book re-counts her continued ed-ucation at school, where she excels in studies very quickly, her budding lit-erary ambitions and her friendships with peo-ple such as Diana Barry (her best friend), Jane Andrews, Ruby Gillis, and her rivalry with Gil-

Anne Of Green GablesAnne Of Green Gablesbert, middle-aged sib-

Anne Of Green Gablesbert, middle-aged sib-lings who live together

Anne Of Green Gableslings who live together

Anne Of Green Gables

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bert Blythe, who teased her about her red hair and for that acquired her hatred, although he apologized many times. They compete in class and Anne one day real-izes she no longer hates Gilbert, but will not ad-mit it. The book also fol-lows her misadventures in quiet, old-fashioned Avonlea. These adven-tures include her games with her friendship group (Diana, Jane and Ruby), her rivalries with the Pye sisters (Gertie and Josie) and her domestic mis-takes such as dyeing her hair green. Anne, along with Gilbert, Ruby, Josie, Jane and a couple of oth-ers, eventually goes to the Queen's Academy and obtains a teaching license in one year, in addition to winning the Avery Prize in English, which allows her to pur-sue a B.A. at Redmond College. The book ends with Matthew's death, caused by a heart attack after learning of the loss of all his and Marilla's money. Anne shows her devotion to Marilla and Green Gables by giving up the Avery Prize, de-ciding to stay at home and help Marilla, whose eyesight is diminishing, and teaching at the Car-mody school, the near-est school available. To show his friendship, Gilbert Blythe gives up his teaching position

in the Avonlea School to work at White Sands School instead, thus en-abling Anne to teach at the Avonlea School and stay at Green Gables all through the week. Af-ter this kind act, Anne totally forgives Gilbert and they become good friends.

decade : a period of ten years, especially a period such as 1860 to 1869, or 1990 to 1999

orphan : a child whose parents are dead:The civil war is making or-phans of many children.

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aller: Hello, can I speak to Annie Wan ?

Operator: Yes, you can speak to me.

Caller : No, I want to speak to Annie Wan!

Operator: Yes I under-stand you want to speak to anyone. You can speak to me. Who is this?

Caller : I'm Sam Wan. And I need to talk to An-nie Wan! It's urgent.

Operator: I know you are someone and you want to talk to anyone! But what's this urgent mat-ter about?

Caller: Well... just tell my sister Annie Wan that our brother Noe Wan was in-volved in an accident. Noe Wan got injured and now Noe Wan is be-ing sent to the hospital. Right now, Avery Wan is

on his way to the hospi-tal.

Operator : Look, if no one was injured and no one was sent to the hos-pital, then the accident isn't an urgent matter! You may find this hilari-ous but I don't have time for this!

Caller : You are so rude! Who are you?

Operator: I'm Saw Ree.

Caller: Yes! You should be sorry. Now give me your name!!

Operator: That's what I said. I'm Saw Ree ..

Caller: Oh ......God!!! !

Good Wan!

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Marry Bill Gates's DaughterFather : I want you to marry a girl of my choiceSon : “I will choose my own bride!”Father: “But the girl is Bill Gates’s daughter.”Son : “Well, in that case...ok”

Next Father approaches Bill Gates.

Father: “I have a husband for your daughter.”Bill Gates: “But my daughter is too young to marry!”Father: “But this young man is a vice-president of the World Bank.”Bill Gates: “Ah, in that case...ok”

Finally Father goes to see the president of the World Bank.

Father: “I have a young man to be recommended as a vice-president.”President: “But I already have more vice- presidents than I need!”Father: “But this young man is Bill Gates’s son-in-law.”President: “Ah, in that case...ok”

This is how business is done!!

Moral: You can have anything even if you have nothing to begin with.

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Do you take English? Spanish? French? Latin? Italian? Well, here are some tips for passing your class.

How to Pass a ForeignLanguage Class

1. Know your materi-al. That includes home-work. Know the book you are learning from if you have one. Make sure you know what you are supposed to be learning. It helps if you know what language you are learn-ing, too.2. Always do your homework. If you do not understand something, you need to talk to your teacher. Their job is to teach you. If you fail, they fail.3. Write down pro-nunciations of words. Especially if you are learning a language like French, writing out how words are pro-nounced will help you ace that test!4. Don't let other kids distract you. If all the kids in your French class are all distracting you and just goof off, see if you can transfer to Spanish.5. Relax and let it flow. Don't jam Spanish into your mind! If you have a list of words to

memorize, memorize a little each day.6. Use the language you are learning. Espe-cially if you are willing to help somebody with her English, it is not difficult to find somebody online who will chat with you. You'll have fun and you'll learn more than you would in class alone.

Tips• Write the words or phrases in one color. Translate them in an-

other.• Better yet, write different types of words in different colors. For example, in German, nouns are masculine, feminine, or neuter. Write (on white index

cards, one word per card) in blue for mas-culine, pink for femi-nine, purple for neuter, green for verbs, and or-ange for everything else (prepositions etc.). Then when you have to recall the word for a test, you automatically know what gender it is - that's im-portant!!• For verbs, try writ-ing all the different tens-es on the side of the card where you've written the English definition. That

way, you have to recall the forms of the verb as well as the definition.• Make sure you have all of your supplies. It is hard to do pg. 65 #1-4 if you don't have your book.

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How to be Patient

o you lose your pa-tience too often? It’s easy to lose

your patience but hard to find more of it. Can we learn to be more pa-tient?Being patient is often a choice. You choose to pay attention because you know something is important. What we want to avoid is losing control of the situation and of our emotions. When you lose patience, in all likeli-hood it’s because you’re feeling thwarted. That feeling is unpleasant and the danger is get-ting carried away by it. But being carried away, we can learn to manage our feelings. Learning to be more patient is partly about adding some skills you can use in the mo-ment when you’re about to lose control.It’s been suggested that to cultivate patience we should practice mindful-ness, the art of bringing our full attention to bear on the moment at hand. Another way we sabotage patience is by poor com-munication. We usually

lose it because we can’t believe people don’t see the problem. Likelihood: probability thwart: frustrate culti-vate: trainMindfulness: aware sab-otage: destruction inten-sity: powerfigure out: think to un-derstand A small thing can make a big differ-

ence.S l o w i n g your pace w o u l d help you stay calm. So, take it slowly. If you tend

to react in the moment, you can easily be car-ried away by frustration. You have to learn to rec-ognize the signs you’re losing patience and calm yourself. You need to back off, breathe or count to ten, decide what to do and then do it. After a break, you can return to the situation with a clear head and a reasoned response. Temperament can make being patient more chal-lenging. We must learn to stay in control even when temperament ups

the emotional intensity. You have to recognize a problem and then try to figure out where it’s coming from. It is un-derstanding that you can change your behav-ior but that takes time and practice, so you still need those in-the-moment strategies like walking away.Of course it is impos-sible to be patient all the time and try to cover real frustration. Why is it easier to be patient with our co-workers and friends than with our family? That’s because we can get away with it. We have a lot of power that can be abused. But if we’re impatient with others they are more likely to call us on it.So, in order to be patient you must remember to communicate, lower your expectations, stay cool, think ahead, man-age and don’t ever pre-tend. Abused: improper use figure out: think to understand.

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Color MeaningRedRed is the color of fire and blood, so it is asso-ciated with energy, war, danger, strength, pow-er, determination as well as passion, desire, and love.Red is a very emotionally intense color. It enhanc-es human metabolism, increases respiration rate, and raises blood pressure.

OrangeOrange combines the energy of red and the happiness of yellow. It is associated with joy, sunshine, and the trop-ics. Orange represents enthusiasm, fascination, happiness, creativity, de-termination, attraction, success, encourage-ment, and stimulation.

YellowYellow is the color of sunshine. It’s associated with joy, happiness, in-tellect, and energy. Yellow produces a warming effect, arouses cheerfulness, stimulates mental activity, and gen-erates muscle energy.

GreenGreen is the color of nature. It symbolizes growth, harmony, fresh-ness, and fertility. Green

has strong emotional correspondence with safety. Dark green is also commonly associ-ated with money. Green has great healing power .it can improve vision. Green suggests stability and endurance.

BlueBlue is the color of the sky and sea. It is often associated with depth and stability. It symbol-izes trust, loyalty, wis-dom, confidence, intel-ligence, faith, truth, and heaven.Blue is considered ben-eficial to the mind and body. It slows human metabolism and produc-es a calming effect.

PurplePurple combines the sta-bility of blue and the en-ergy of red. Purple is as-sociated with royalty. It symbolizes power, nobil-ity, luxury, and ambition. It conveys wealth and extravagance. Purple is associated with wisdom, dignity, independence, creativity, mystery, and magic.

WhiteWhite is associated with light, goodness, inno-cence and purity. It is considered to be the col-

or of perfection.White means safety, pu-rity, and cleanliness. As opposed to black, white usually has a positive connotation. White can represent a successful beginning.

BlackBlack is associated with power, elegance, formal-ity, death, evil, and mys-tery.Black is a mysterious color associated with fear and the unknown. It usually has a negative connotation.

associated: connected

passion: emotion

intense: extreme

enhances: increase

respiration: breathing

enthusiasm: eagerness

fascination: attraction

stimulation: encourage

intellect : intelligence

generates : create

fertility: birthrate

correspondence: similarity

stability: firmness

endurance: toleration

Nobility: magnificence

luxury: benefit

ambition: desire

extravagance: overspending

dignity: glory

elegance: charm

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What is the only key that can't open any door? A donkey!

I have 52 legs, 27 arms, 778 eyes and 640 ears; what am I? A liar!

What is a caterpillar's worst enemy? A dogerpillar!

What has 8 legs and goes up and down? A spider in the elevator!

How do you get cool music? Put your CDs in the refrigerator!

Why did you stare at the orange juice bottle for three hours? Because it said: Concentrate!

How do you know carrots are good for eyes? Because you never see a rabbit wearing glasses!

What has 24 teeth but can't talk? A comb.

How many sides does a house have? Two! Inside & outside!

What is a net? Holes tied together with string!

What is hail? Hard-boiled rain!

What should you do if you swallowed your pen? Use a pencil!

What is the difference between a hill & a pill! One is hard to get up & the other is hard to get down.

Funny riddles

Caterpillar: young insect

Swallow: Ingest

Hail: sleet

Net: Mesh

Hard boiled: made hard

through boiling in water

Hole: cavity

Pill: Capsule

String: Twine

Stare: Gaze

comb: toothed object

used to arrange hair

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orking in chil-dren’s services requires team-work and it is

very important to under-stand how to manage early childhood services and work with other staff members as a team. The staff of the service have to work together to un-derstand everything that happens in a centre and how they can use this information to make the service even better in the future. To estab-lish an effective and ef-ficient early childhood team a lot of planning is required that involves all of the staff members. In addition, a motivating leader would be needed to show the staff the way towards the future. Each staff member has to work in collaboration with each other to solve problems, come up with ways to make the centre of higher quality and ap-pealing to the parents. As Ebbeck and Wani-ganayake (2003,p.195) point out ‘shared deci-sion making is one secret of successful manage-ment’. A team also has to come up with ways to

maximize their time and resources. A team can be described as a group of people that share a com-mon goal and will work together to achieve it. These people will be of different backgrounds and will have different skills and abilities and also have great commu-nication skills. Ebbeck and Waniganayake(2003, p.197) support this by saying ‘A vital part of any centre’s functioning is the communication that occurs among staff….’ If there is lack of teamwork it can lead to a stressful workplace, a poor qual-ity childcare and higher turn over rate and as a result, the parents and children that are associ-ated with the center will suffer. So teams need to communicate regularly with each other, be will-ing and be flexible.When selecting people for jobs in early child-hood,

You have to keep a few questions in mind like : How many children are attending the centre? What kind of qualifica-tions does the centre

need? Every centre and its staff will have a com-mon philosophy of the children’s development and the best ways that they can enhance it. But each staff member might have different values and attitudes and will bring that towards caring for children. Staff should talk to each other about what their weaknesses and strengths are so that they can find a way to overcome them or get better. For example – a staff member might not be good at taking music group times but is good at language group times, so other staff members can help that member

Teamwork and Children's Services - Psychology Essay

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get better at music group times. After all no one is perfect and the team will work better when they know what their weak-nesses are and how they can change.

If the staff are lacking in an area that relates to the children, then training should be pro-vided for the staff to get better. People that have positive attitude and support other staff members will work bet-ter in a children’s ser-vice than a person with a negative attitude who never wants to commu-nicate. When a problem arises, staff members should get together and discuss it and possibly resolve it because the longer you leave it, the worse it might get. Also once in a week, get the staff to write down any

major issues that hap-pened with the children during the week. For ex-ample if a child asked the staff a question that they didn’t know how to answer then that staff member should go and find out the answer for next time. You could also play a game every month where each staff member writes down a positive aspect that they like about each of the staff members. For example – Samantha is very good at conducting music group times and has a bubbly personal-ity. This will boost ev-ery staff members self esteem and make them feel good.

When staff have a good relationship it will show and this will in turn im-pact on children and how they act towards other children. Each staff member should make a long and short term goals that they want to achieve and they should monitor it too see if they are getting closer to achieving it or need help After all, early childhood services are there for the best interests of children and Research indicates that children who attend a high quality child care are less likely to have problems in school later on. When the centre is run smoothly everything

References:References:Community childcare co-operative NSW (2005 student edition) Man-aging a child care ser-vice. Sydney: CCC Ltd (NSW)Ebbeck, M. and Waniganayake, M. (2003). Early childhood Professionals, Leading today and tomorrow. Syd-ney: Maclennan and Pet-tyLight, H.R. (1968) The nature of management. Nairobi : KenyOberhum-er, P. (1999) Conceptu-alizing the professional role in early childhoods centres: Emerging pro-files in four European countries. Samson, D. and Daft, R.L. (2000) fundamentals of man-agement. Dryden press. Orlando :Florida

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t’s not the fault of the student .If he/she fails ,because the

year has only 356 days .Typical academic for a student:1.Fridays-52 , Fridays in a year , you know Fri-days are for rest. –days left 313 .2.Summer holidays-85 : when the weather is very hot and difficult to study .-days left 228 .3. 8 hours daily sleep – means 30 days . –days left 1064. 1 hour for daily play-ing – (good for health) – means 15 days . – days left 91 .5. 2 hours daily for food & other delicacies ( chew properly & eat) means 30 days. – days left 61 .6. 1 hours for talking (man is a social animal) – means 15 days. – days left 46 .7. Quarterly , half yearly and festivals ( holidays) _ 40 days – Balance 6 days .8. for sickness at least 3 days. – remaining days 3 .9. Movies and functions at least 2 days . – 1 day left.10. That day is his/ her BIRTHDAY. “ HOW can he/ she study at that day” .-Balance days 0 .

WHY A STUDENT FAIL?“ HOW then can a stu-dent pass ???”

Typical: standard

Academic: educational

chew: grind

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Here are some cool English Here are some cool English Here are some cool Tongue Twisters, have fun !

A good cook could cook as much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookiesI saw a saw that could out saw any other saw I ever saw.Betty Botter bought some butter, but she said "this butter's bitter! But a bitof better butter will but make my butter better" So she bought some betterbutter, better than the bitter butter, and it made her butter better so 'twasbetter Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter! Black bug bit a big black bear. But where is the big black bear that the big black bug bit? A big bug bit the little beetle but the little beetle bit the big bug back.If you understand, say "understand".If you don't understand, say "don't understand".But if you understand and say "don't understand".How do I understand that you understand? Understand! I thought, I thought of thinking of thanking you.RED BULB BLUE BULB RED BULB BLUE BULB "RED BLOOD BLUE BLOOD" I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish.if a sledering snail went down a slippery slide would a snail sleder or slide down the slidebubble bobble, bubble bobble, bubble bobble These thousand tricky tongue twisters trip thrillingly off the tongue .Sounding by sound is a sound method of sounding sounds.You curse, I curse, we all curse, for asparagus! Kacha papaya pacca papaya Kacha papaya pacca papaya Kacha papaya pacca papaya.Double bubble gum, bubbles double.Betty bought butter but the butter was bitter, so Betty bought better butter to make the bitter butter better.A sailor went to sea To see, what he could see. And all he could see Was sea, sea, sea. A box of mixed biscuits, a mixed biscuit box. Upper roller lower roller Upper roller lower roller

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A B C … Z of lifeLife is adventure, Dore it.

Life is beauty, worship it.

Life is challenge, meet it.

Life is dream, realize it.

Life is endurance, cope with it.

Life is fragrance, smell it.

Life is game, play it.

Life is heaven, enter it

Life is initiative, take it.

Life is journey, complete it.

Life is kerosene, burn it.

Life is love, enjoy it.

Life is mystery, unfold it.

Life is name, find it.

Life is opportunity, catch.

Life is promise, fulfill it.

Life is question, answer it.

Life is realty, face it.

Life is song, sing it.

Life is time, utilize it.

Life is urge, satisfy it.

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Life is voice, lis-

ten it.

Life is wealth, ac-

quire it.

Life is X, solve

it.

Life is yearning,

go after it.

Life is zenith, at-

tain it.

Challenge: test, disput

Adventure: experience,

risk

Dare: challenge, invita-

tion

Endurance: patience

Cope: manage success-

fully

Fragrance: sweet smell,

aroma, perfume

Kerosene: thin oil

Unfold: tell, report

Utilize: use

Urge: encourage, advice

Yearning: desire

Zenith: highest point

Attain: reach, achieve

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Chinese theater

Mann's Chinese Theater on Hollywood Boulevard in Los Angeles is one of the city’s most famous movie theaters. Since it opened in 1927, it has been the location of nu-merous Hollywood pre-mieres. Then the Chinese Theatre has been the site of more gala movie pre-mieres than any other theatre. It is best known for the handprints and footprints of well-known film stars, who have left these signatures in ce-ment in front of the the-ater for more than 50 years.It has since become one of Southern California's most well known land-marks and is steeped in Hollywood lore, having been home to numerous premieres, birthday par-ties, corporate junkets and two Academy Awards ceremonies. Among the theater's most fa-mous traits are the auto-graphed cement blocks that resides in the fore court, which bears the signatures and markings of many of Hollywood's most revered stars and starlets.

Premieres: the principle actor/actoress in theatri-cal company gala: festival Lore: traditions junkets: tripjunkets: triptraits: characteristicreside: live inForecourt: front section of buildingrevere: treat sb with respect Starlets: young woman actor

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Before the marriageHe: Yes. At last. It was so hard to wait.

She: Do you want me to leave?

He: NO! Don't even think about it.

She: Do you love me?

He: Of course!

She: Have you ever cheated on me?

He: NO! Why you even asking?

She: Will you kiss me?

He: Yes!

She: Will you hit me?

He: No way! I'm not such kind of person.

She: Can I trust you?

He: Yes!

Now after the marriage you can read it from below to up

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1. Take two pages of notes for each hour of

lecture.

2. Study at least two hours outside of class

for each hour you spend in class.

3. Read each chapter or reading assignment

twice.

4. Study for each test in at least two ses-

sions.

5. Study in two's--have a study buddy.

6. Go to bed before 2:00 am.

7. Arrive two minutes early to every class.

8. Find at least two sides to the issue before you speak or write

anything on one side.

9. Write two drafts of each paper before you write the final ver-

sion.

10. Exceed the minimum requirements by two: two extra ex-

amples, quotations, pages, sources.

11. Finish your papers two days before they are due.

12. Remember that many statements have two interpretations-

-that's the secret of the title

The Two Secrets to The Two Secrets to The Two Success in College

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ROOTBECEORN

TORTS

2 LETTERS AdDoEdItMaMeNoSo

3 LETTERS AgoCooEgoEyeHenLadOddPerPieRyeSagSunToeYou

4 LETTERS AcheCareCoreDeerDiceEdgeErasFlagFlipGearHiltIntoIrisLateLessNameOmenOmitOpenPacePeerRopeRotsSetsTearTeenTheyTiedTone

5 LETTERS Alley ChordCleanHolesMinerNiece

6 LETTERS AttainCancelEndingStrideTennis

7 Letters AbridgePenalty

8 Letters ContortsRoot beer

Cross WORD

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If you woke up this morning

With more health than illness .You are more blessed than the million who

won’t survive the week .

If you have never experienced the danger of battle

The loneliness of imprisonment the agony of torture or the pangs of

starvation you are a head of 20 million people around the world .If you

attend a church meeting without fear of harassment arrest ,torture,…,or

death .You are more blessed than almost three billion people in the

world.

If you have food in your refrigerator .Clothes on

Your back a roof over your head and a place to sleep you are richer than

75% of this world if you

Have money in the bank in your wallet and spare change in a dish some-

place .You are among the top 8% of the world’s wealthy .If your parents

are still

Married and alive you are very rare especially in the united states if you

hold up your head with a smile on your face and are truly thankful you

are blessed because the majority can ,but most do not.

If you can read this message you are more blessed than over two billion

people in the world .That can not read anything at all you are so blessed

in ways you may never even know try to find joy in every moment.

Green Eternity

Have a beautiful day

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Father Christmas is based on a real person, ST. Nicholas, which explains his other name ‘Santa Claus’ which comes from the Dutch ‘Sinterklass’. Nicholas was a Christian leader from Myra (in modern- day turkey) in the 4th century ad. He was very shy, and wanted to give money to poor people without them knowing about it. It is said that one day, he climbed the roof of a house and dropped a purse of money down the chimney. It landed in the stockings which a girl had put to dry by the fire! This may explain the belief that Father Christ-mas comes down the chimney & places gifts in children’s stockings.

Who was he ?By Hamideh Zangy Abady

In English-speaking countries, the following Christmas Day is called’ Boxing Day’. This word comes the custom which started in the middle Ages around 800 years ago: churches would open their ‘alms boxes’(boxes in which people had placed gifts or money) and distribute the contents to poor people in the neighborhood on the day after Christmas. The tradition countries today_ small gifts are often given to delivery workers such as postal staff and children who deliver newspapers.

BOXING DAY

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Shahriyar, an emotional poetShahriyar, an emotional poetShahriyar, eyed Moham-mad Hussein Behjat Tabrizi better known

by his pen name Shahri-yar was born in Tabriz, northwestern Iran in 1905. His father, Haj Mir Agha Khash-knabi was a famous attorney is Tabriz and a respected man with a taste for l i terature. Shahriyar’s mother as put by the poet in his f a m o u s piece en-titled’ Oh, My Mother’ was also fa-miliar with the world of poetry. Shahryar’s child-hood was more or less intertwined with revolu-tionary moves and con-flicts in his hometown Tabriz and thus along with his family, Shayri-yar moved to the Khash-knab village. Shahriyar started his preliminary studies by reading the famous collection of po-etry of classical Iranian poet, Saadi called Goles-tan and a number of

other old books. At the same time he became acquainted with another great Iranian Poet, Hafez. Shayriyar was so fond of Hafez that once he said: “I owe whatever I have to Hafez.” Later Shahri-

yar went to Tehran and continued his studies in the capital at the Darol-fonoun School and then began his studies in the field of medicine.However, before gradu-ation, he gave up medi-cine and in 1931started a career as a state employ-ee in Khorasan and lat-er in Tehran. Although, while in Tehran, a group of friends used to visit Shahriyar, he spent most of his time in solitude

The first piece by Shahriyar was entitled

‘ Soul of the Butterfly’. Defining poetry,

Shahriyar says: “The essence of a poem is

its mild and at the same time touching in-

fluence which quite unconsciously leaves

its imprint on the human mind. A poem

should be something the poet’s mind ac-

quires from the nature and life and pres-

ents to other minds in the form of a poem.

and believed that lone-liness and isolation are prerequisites of poetry. In 1953, Shahriyar’s fa-ther passed away and 13 years later his mother breathed her last, too prompting him to leave

Tehran for Tabriz forever.

“ Shahriyar was not only good at lyrics; he was also a master of odes. Shahriyar made use of almost all styles and proved unique in all of them. His poems are filled with the most delicate sen-timents and he is frank in all he says. As regards his dic-tion, Shahriyar was

deeply under the influ-ence of classical Persian poets, such as Eraqi and Saadi. Shahriyar consid-ered mankind’s suffer-ing as the core of his po-ems and believed that a true poem is one, which is inspired by both love and mysticism. Shahri-yar is an emotional poet. His sincere emotions are well reflected through all the pieces he composed, particularly in his lyrics.

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Heydar Baba, when the thunder resounds across the skies,

When floods roar down the mountainsides,

And the girls line up to watch it rushing by,

Send my greetings to the tribesmen and the village folk

And remember me and my name once more.

Heydar Baba, when pheasants take flight,

And the rabbits scurry from flowering bush,

When your garden burst into full bloom,

May those who remem-ber us live long?

And may our saddened hearts be gladdened.

When the March wind strikes down the bow-ers,

Primrose and snowdrops appear from the frozen earth,

When the clouds wing their white shirts,

Let us be remembered once again

Let our sorrows rise up like a mountain.

Greetings, Heydar Baba!Greetings, Heydar Baba!by Mohammad Hussein

Greetings, Heydar Baba!by Mohammad Hussein

Greetings, Heydar Baba!Greetings, Heydar Baba!by Mohammad Hussein

Greetings, Heydar Baba!Shahriyar (1905-1988)

Heydar Baba, let your back bear the mark of the sun.

Let your streams weep and your face beam with smiles.

Let your children put to-gether a bouquet

And send it to us when the wind blows this way

So that, perhaps, our sleepy fortune be awak-ened.

Heydar Baba, may your brows be bright.

May you be circled by streams and gardens?

And after us, may you live long.

This world is full of mis-fortunes and losses.

The world is replete with those bereaved of sons and orphaned.

Heydar Baba, my steps never crossed your pass.

My life was spent, be-coming too late to visit you

I know not what became of all those beautiful girls.

I never knew about dead-ends, about paths of “no return”.

I never knew about sepa-ration, loss and death.

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Eternal languageNeither do I, never thinking of how could it

Eternal languageNeither do I, never thinking of how could it

Eternal languagebe possible…say…but not say a word; talk with

eye lips, effection vocal cords, and satisfactory

tongue. What an easy language to understand

and universal more than English.

But it really is there and possible, even though

some have deaf eares to haere it.

The reason why there is no respond or reaction

to this language is the reason why I do not here

one or see any, now I am talking to shadow of

my love.

By: s.sky

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What do you think about money? Is it good or bad?What do you think about money? Is it good or bad?What do you think about

I think with money…….

You can buy a House but not a Home!

You can buy a Bed but not a Sleep!

You can buy a Clock but not a Time!

You can buy a Position but not a Respect!

You can buy a Book but not Knowledge!

You can buy a Dough but not health!

You can buy Blood but not Life!

So you see that money isn’t everything.

Maybe it often comes pain& suffering.

(Dough: money)

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Flower in the Crannied Wall

Alfred Lord Tennison

Flower in the crannied wall.

I pluck you out of the crannies,

I hold you here, root and all, in my hand,

Little flower - but if I could understand

What you are, root and all, and all in all,

I sould know what God and man is.

What Am I?

Alfred Lord Tennison

But what am I?

An infant crying in the night:

An infant crying for the light:

And with no language but a cry*.

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I Love Therefor I Am

Peter Manique

Man is mind

Cried old descartes

and wordsaworth answered

Man is heart

Down a new road

at last we come

our cry: Libide

Dergo sum.

Song

Christina Rosseiti

When I am dead, my dearest

Sing no sad song for me;

Plant thou no roses at my head,

Nor shady cypress-tree

Be the green grass above me

With showers and dew drops wet;

And if thou wilt, remember,

And if thou wilt, forget.

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The safe way“Where do you go?

If just you know”,

Asked a stone

Up in a row

“through the sea

Finding a way it is better

Hop and try

That’s the matter...

You what about

Stick away

Nagging alot

Shouting aloud?”

“In a safe way I gust step”

Answered the stone in that cold day.

Respond so kind water to him

“With my steps I safe a way”

By: S.sky

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1. Baksheesh from Persian bakhshesh 2. Balcony from Persian balaakhana 3. Bazaar from Persian bāzār 4. Beggar from Persian bi-kaar5. Biryani from Persian beryaan6. Caravan from Persian kārawān7. Caravansary from Persian kārwānsarā8. Caviar from Persian khaviyar 9. Chador from Persian chaddar10. Check(and Cheque) from Persian ‘chek’ 11. Cummerbund from Persian kamarband 12. Cushy from Persian khush.13. Dervish from Persian Darvish 14. Farsi form Persian Parsi15. Feringhee from Persian ‘Farangi’ 16. Hindu from Persian Hendi 17. Jackal from Persian shaghāl18. Kabob from Persian kabab19. Khaki from Persian khaki 20. Kiosk From Persian kushk 21. Kran from Persian qran22. Lemon From Persian līmū23. Lungī from Persian longī24. Mogul from Persian mughul25. Musk from Persian moshk 26. orange from Persian nārang 27. Pajama from Persian paajaama28. Paneer from Persian panir 29. Parsee from “Persian Pârsi 30. Pashto from Persian pashtu31. Pistachio from Persian pistah32. Samosa from Persian sambusa 33. Sandal from Persian sandal34. Shah from Persian shāh35. Shawl from Persian shāl36. Sitar from Persian setar37. Spinach from Persian aspanaj38. Typhoon from Persian Toofaan 39. vizier from Persian wazir

List Of English WordsOf Persian Origin

List Of English WordsOf Persian Origin

List Of English Words

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Take education in your own hands Take education

in your own hands Take education

Don’t expect knowl-edge be handed to you on a silver platter (even though you’d think you would have bought a few platters with all the $ you are spending)

Intern. You will not only learn more by supple-menting you’re educa-tion with experience, you will find what you are missing in school, what you like, and hopefully a bit of what you want to avoid.

Demand quality from your instructors, you pay them for it. As a part time instuctor myself I can say students than engage get them most out of it.

Don’t be satisfied, if you think you are not get-ting enough from your school, don’t whine, no one will listen. Set up a meeting with the head of your department and try to find a way to get what you need. If they can’t help, transfer. It’s not that hard. I did an exchange semester with another school. I learned a lot and felt I had a bet-ter grasp on how varried

the feild is.

If your cockey, try not to let it show while you are interning. It’s a small world, and you don’t want to build a negative reputation (like I did) with visiting profession-als, and other designers at your internship. Keep your ego out of it and you will learn faster.

Know what you want to get out of your school. Do you want to learn how to sketch, learn anylitical thinking tech-niques, modelling, a bit of everything? Direct your own path or others will do it for you and you might not like where you end up.

That said, take the time to have some fun. You will be building bonds with friends you will keep for life, and togeth-er you will be the future of design. Of the people I went to school with: my roomate designed the olympic caldron for the Salt Lake games, my old TA designed the Jeep Willy’s concept and now is at VW advanced de-sign, the guy I enveyed

has done several concept cars for GMC, another friend, she is at New Bal-lance and is in charge of Advanced Design there, several friends are at Samsonite and Michael Graves Product Studio.... I could go on. Be a good friend, you are more than each others’ com-petition, you are peers.

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The R&B HistoryRhythm and Blues was and still is a term used for a number of post-war American popular music forms. The term is cred-ited to Jerry Wexler when he was editing the charts in Billboard magazine (1947). The term was used in the chart listings from 1949 onwards and the charts in question encompassed a number of contemporary forms that emerged around that time.

John Lee Hooker

R&B clearly has its ori-gins in the secular folk music of the American black musician - the Blues. For me, the Blues is essentially about emo-tional expression and is predominantly a vocal medium - although there are many examples of blues instrumentals to refute this assertion, it is the singer who ex-presses the feelings of the blues; and there are a number of vocal tech-niques which are used to create the desired ef-fects. There are of course a range of blues instru-ments which accompany

the central vocal perfor-mance (the bending of guitar strings, the classic bottleneck of so many of the great blues guitar-ists, the harmonica imi-tating the idioms of the human voice etc. etc.) and which clearly help to create the unique blues performance.

Although much has been written on the blues, the origins of the music are not particularly well documented. It is clearly influenced by the work songs of the deep South, ragtime, church mu-sic, minstrel shows and folk, even some forms of white popular music. The earliest and most frequently cited refer-ences to the form are to be found in the early 1900s and one of the early musical reference points is the W.C. Handy composition ‘Memphis Blues’.

Rural blues developed mainly in the three key regions of Georgia, Tex-as and Mississippi. Ex-cellent examples of the Georgia style include Blind Willie McTell and Blind Boy Fuller, highly

melodic and less intense than the Mississippi styl-ists such as Charley Pat-ton, Robert Johnson and Johnny Shines.

Interestingly however, perhaps the first real blues recordings were made in the 1920s by the women of the blues, art-ists such as Ma Rainey, Ida Cox and the wonder-ful Bessie Smith. At this stage the performances were still largely based on their stage back-grounds, backed by the leading jazz players of the day.

Muddy Waters

One of the critical exter-nal factors which moved the blues form forward was the economic mi-gration from the Ameri-can South to the cities of the North by millions of black southern work-ers. The blues went with them, adapting to a more sophisticated urban envi-ronment. The themes of blues songs understand-ably became more ur-ban, the solo bluesman was joined by a number of other musicians and

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the blues combo was born. The piano, har-monica, bass and drums and, most importantly of all, the electric guitar became the cornerstone of a sound of increasing rhythmic intensity.

Some of the major urban conurbations included Atlanta, Memphis and St. Louis but there are critical milestones to be found in any number of places. John Lee Hooker found a home in Detroit, the great T-Bone Walker established a following on the West Coast and Chicago exerted an influ-ence of real significance - Sonny Boy Williamson, Muddy Waters, Little Wal-ter, Howlin’ Wolf, Elmore James and Otis Spann were all based there.

The Blues has influenced just about everything musically which subse-quently developed. Not least of which was the emergence of what came to be known as Rhythm and Blues.

Rhythm and Blues is perhaps most common-ly understood as the term used to describe the sophisticated urban music that grew out of the urbanization of the blues which began in the 1930s. The single and most renowned ex-

ponent of this develop-ment is Louis Jordan who, originally with a relatively small band, be-gan to make blues based records with humorous lyrics and a rhythm ow-ing as much to boogie woogie as to the more traditional classic blues form. Jordan, Amos Milburn, Floyd Dixon, Charles Brown and even the great Joe Turner were all leading practi-tioners of what came to be known as jump blues. What distinguished many of these artists was the sheer breadth of mate-rial played - straight 12 bar, instrumentals, blues ballads and straight pop songs were all part of the scene at that time.

Howlin’ Wolf

Within this R&B mix, there was plenty of room for different band forma-tions - and many of the bigger bands were led by singers whose previ-ous experience had been with the great bandlead-ers such as Count Basie and Lucky Millinder. Both Turner and Jimmy With-erspoon had spells with Count Basie. The smaller groups relied more on individual soloists tak-ing the spotlight, many of the solos being taken by the alto and tenor sax

players in the group. It is also worth noting that the electric guitar, hav-ing played such a promi-nent part in the urban-ization of the blues, was here often relegated to an accompanying role - listen to Charles Brown records for example and you’ll hear virtually all the solos played by Brown at the piano. This is not universally the case of course. Some of the greatest “jump blues” came from T-Bone Walk-er, with his unique and highly influential guitar work very clearly to the fore.

The early centre of re-corded rhythm and blues tended to beLos Ange-les, usually via a series of small independents such as Modern, RPM and Spe-cialty. One of the major advances for the genre was the development of an R&B roster within Atlantic Records, where Ahmet Ertegun and Jerry Wexler, along with engi-neer Tom Dowd, proved instrumental in shifting R&B to a wider audience. They showcased some of the great female names in R&B, including Ruth Brown and Lavern Baker and, of course, they re-corded one of the greats of modern black Ameri-can music - the wonder-ful Ray Charles.

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Atlantic also worked closely with the likes of Clyde McPhatter and Chuck Willis throughout this period and such art-ists, along with the afore-mentioned Ray Charles, can now be seen as the clear links between the blues and R&B of the 1940s and 50s and the classic soul of the 1960s and early 70s. And let’s not forget the even smaller independents, such as Duke/Peacock, all of whom played piv-otal roles in the spread of R&B and the evolution of the music into what became known as soul; and of course the Duke label was also respon-sible for recording the great Bobby Bland at the height of his not incon-siderable vocal powers.

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the Different Way Of Suicide

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the Different Way Of Suicide

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History of writingPeople probably began with picture writing. They didn’t always have an alphabet. In picture writing, a sign stands for an object. For example, a circle might stand for the Sun.But a picture-writing sys-tem is difficult. There are just too many things to represent with pictures. Picture writing requires thousands of signs. In addition, pictures can’t be strung together to sound the way people speak. It’s also hard to express things like opin-ions and ideas with pic-tures.Over time, picture writ-ing developed into a dif-ferent system. The circle that stood for Sun began to stand for the sound or syllable sun or even son. It could be used to make other words, like sunshine.This was a good system. There are a lot fewer sounds in a language than there are objects to be represented.Egyptian hieroglyphs are a kind of picture writing. In time, the pic-tures came to stand for sounds. This also hap-pened to Chinese and many other languages.

Chinese characters start-ed out as pictures and now stand for sounds.

Egyptian hieroglyphs are among the oldest forms of writing. The earliest Egyptian writing we know of dates from about 3200 BC. The Su-merians of Mesopotamia also were writing before 3000 BC.

Birth Of The Al-

phabet

At a very young age, we memorize the let-ters of our alphabet and their sounds. Once we have done that, we can combine the marks into words and sentences. Other people can un-derstand them. We can understand what other people have written. We also can write down our thoughts just for our-selves.After signs got linked to sounds, the next big step in writing was the devel-opment of an alphabet. With an alphabet, people no longer had to guess what a picture meant. Without an alphabet,

how could they tell if a picture of a bee, for ex-ample, meant the insect bee, the verb to be, or the first syllable in an-other word like believe?The alphabet developed in the Middle East. The first alphabet we know about was developed by the Phoenicians who lived in what is now Leb-anon. Their alphabet had 22 letters.The Phoenician alphabet did not have letters for vowels (a, e, i, o, u). The Greeks added those let-ters. Our word alphabet comes from the first two letters of the Greek al-phabet, alpha and beta.

The ABCSAn alphabet is a clever set of letters or other symbols. Each letter rep-resents a different sound of a language. There are about 50 dif-ferent alphabets used in the world today. They are different in the way they look and in the sounds their letters stand for. Most alphabets have be-tween 20 and 30 letters. The English language uses the Roman alpha-bet. It has 26 letters.