uc santa cruz tesla @ slac family day scipp uc santa cruz uc santa cruz tesla coil @ slac family day...

UC Santa Cruz Tesla @ SLAC Family DayUC Santa Cruz Tesla @ SLAC Family Day

SCIPPUC Santa Cruz UC Santa Cruz Tesla UC Santa Cruz Tesla

CoilCoil@ SLAC Family Day@ SLAC Family Day

University of California (SC & SD)University of California (SC & SD) Prof. Hartmut SadrozinskiProf. Hartmut Sadrozinski Drs. Lan Zhang & David WilliamsDrs. Lan Zhang & David Williams Alan Yang & Ashok SadrozinskiAlan Yang & Ashok Sadrozinski (Sophs)(Sophs)

Colorado State UniversityColorado State University Dr. Abner SofferDr. Abner Soffer

SLACSLAC Dr. Eduardo do Couto e SilvaDr. Eduardo do Couto e Silva

Independence H.S. San JoseIndependence H.S. San Jose Mr. Stuart BriberMr. Stuart Briber


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Transform Transform voltage voltage

from from

120 volts 120 volts toto

1 million1 million

Volts!Volts!

Transform Transform voltage voltage

from from

120 volts 120 volts toto

1 million1 million

Volts!Volts!

TransformerTransformer14,000volt

OutletOutlet120 volt

Resonance circuitResonance circuit1 million

volt

Ask us about details!Ask us about details!

How does the Tesla Coil How does the Tesla Coil work?work?

Where have Where have you seen you seen

this before?this before?


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Electrical Power is converted wind, water, or thermal power.Electrical Power is converted wind, water, or thermal power.Electrical Power is converted wind, water, or thermal power.Electrical Power is converted wind, water, or thermal power.

Transforming PowerTransforming PowerTransforming PowerTransforming Power

14,000 volts

120 volts


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Transformation of PowerTransformation of Power

GLASTGLAST

Power is used everywherePower is used everywhere

– At the Stanford Linear At the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC): Accelerator Center (SLAC):

– 45 billion volt electricity -> 45 billion volt electricity -> New particles, quarksNew particles, quarks

Power is tranformed in Space Power is tranformed in Space

Black holes explode :Black holes explode :

– Material -> Light, x-rays, “jets”Material -> Light, x-rays, “jets”

– SCIPP&SLAC work on GLAST SCIPP&SLAC work on GLAST Mission:Mission:

discover some of the universe’s discover some of the universe’s most powerful “power plants”most powerful “power plants”

SLACSLAC


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Normally you can't see, hear or Normally you can't see, hear or smell electricity, but the Tesla Coil smell electricity, but the Tesla Coil makes makes • Bright sparksBright sparks• Loud crackling noiseLoud crackling noise• The air smell strange (Ozone)The air smell strange (Ozone)

SAFETY FIRST!SAFETY FIRST!SAFETY FIRST!SAFETY FIRST!

BRACE YOURSELF!BRACE YOURSELF!BRACE YOURSELF!BRACE YOURSELF!

1 Million 1 Million Volts! Volts!

DANGERDANGER

1 Million 1 Million Volts! Volts!

DANGERDANGER

Distance at least 20 ft. Distance at least 20 ft. Computers, Gameboys, CD players, Computers, Gameboys, CD players,

telephones to the back of the room – telephones to the back of the room – unplugged, switched off!unplugged, switched off!

Hearing aids off, pacemakers out of Hearing aids off, pacemakers out of room!room!


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

ZorroZorroZorroZorro

Drawing lightning with a swordDrawing lightning with a sword


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Sparks

to grounded sword

What is happening with Zorro?

Wire to safe ground

What about

those lights

without cords?

Electricity

Moves

Through the Air(you knew that,

because you use

a radio and TV)


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Why does Thomas (“Mr. Electricity”) Edison look so Why does Thomas (“Mr. Electricity”) Edison look so grim?grim?

Is it because he preferred DC Is it because he preferred DC current?current?


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Why does Mr. Nicola (“Sparky”) Tesla look so Why does Mr. Nicola (“Sparky”) Tesla look so dapper?dapper?

Is it because he preferred AC Is it because he preferred AC current?current?


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Tesla’s Power Plant at Tesla’s Power Plant at NiagaraNiagara


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Nicola Tesla as a Daredevil?Nicola Tesla as a Daredevil?

Long Time Exposure makes it safe!Long Time Exposure makes it safe!


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Tesla RevivalTesla Revival 271 web sites are dedicated to Nicola 271 web sites are dedicated to Nicola

TeslaTesla Join the “Tesla Coil Web Ring”Join the “Tesla Coil Web Ring”


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Learn about ResonanceLearn about ResonanceLearn about ResonanceLearn about ResonanceThat’s how a swing works:That’s how a swing works:A kick at the right moment A kick at the right moment builds up and gets you sky-high!builds up and gets you sky-high!

That’s how a swing works:That’s how a swing works:A kick at the right moment A kick at the right moment builds up and gets you sky-high!builds up and gets you sky-high!

In the Tesla “swing”, the kick is supplied In the Tesla “swing”, the kick is supplied

by the AC electrical current moving back and forthby the AC electrical current moving back and forth


by the AC electrical current moving back and forthby the AC electrical current moving back and forth


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

LightningLightning

Jacob’s LadderJacob’s Ladder

CoronaCorona

Tesla SparksTesla Sparks

are all related. are all related.

LightningLightning

Jacob’s LadderJacob’s Ladder

CoronaCorona

Tesla SparksTesla Sparks

are all related. are all related.

Principle:Principle: Air is made of very small bodies called Air is made of very small bodies called “molecules”. When they are broken apart “molecules”. When they are broken apart (“ionized”), they become charged and can conduct a (“ionized”), they become charged and can conduct a current like an electrical wire. current like an electrical wire.

If there is a large current, it heats up the air and If there is a large current, it heats up the air and makes light (like in your toaster!). makes light (like in your toaster!).

Thus, the sparks, flames etc are direct evidence for Thus, the sparks, flames etc are direct evidence for the model of atoms!the model of atoms!

Electricity in AirElectricity in Air


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

How lightning worksHow lightning works

+

++

+

+

+

+

+

+

+++

++

+++

+ – –

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

– – –

–

–

–

++

+

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++++ ++++++++

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – –

++ ++ ++ ++++++

++ ++

++ ++

++++ ++

++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++

++++

++ ++ ++

++

Ground is safe!Ground is safe!


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

The Faraday CageThe Faraday Cage

Planes are close to the Planes are close to the clouds and away from safe clouds and away from safe ground. Why aren’t they ground. Why aren’t they in grave danger from in grave danger from lightning?lightning?

++++ ++

++++

++ ++ ++ ++++++++

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

– – – –

– –

++++++

++ ++++++

Safest place during a Safest place during a lightning storm is in a plane lightning storm is in a plane or car because it is a or car because it is a Faraday CageFaraday Cage

Answer:Answer: They form a They form a “Faraday Cage” -- that is, “Faraday Cage” -- that is, they are surrounded by they are surrounded by metal. metal.

Electricity flows around Electricity flows around the outside of the metal, the outside of the metal, and anything inside is and anything inside is safe!safe!


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Chicken Wire = Mostly Holes


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Meet the Fighting KnightMeet the Fighting KnightMeet the Fighting KnightMeet the Fighting Knight

Fighting LightningFighting Lightning

Bolt to the HeadBolt to the Head

Sparks from the FeetSparks from the Feet

Who is afraid of Lightning?Who is afraid of Lightning?


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Electrical Electrical current current flows on the flows on the OUTSIDE of OUTSIDE of a metal!a metal!

Is the Mystery Knight OK?Is the Mystery Knight OK? Let’s check!Let’s check!

The armored suit is safe! The armored suit is safe! It's a Faraday Cage – no It's a Faraday Cage – no

electric field allowed inside.electric field allowed inside.

Is the Mystery Knight OK?Is the Mystery Knight OK? Let’s check!Let’s check!

The armored suit is safe! The armored suit is safe! It's a Faraday Cage – no It's a Faraday Cage – no

electric field allowed inside.electric field allowed inside.Invisible Invisible currentcurrent

Visible Visible sparkssparks

GroundGround

1 Million Volts1 Million Volts

Visible Visible sparkssparks


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Fysiks is Phun!Fysiks is Phun!

Questions?Questions?

Ask after the show, e-mail, visit…Ask after the show, e-mail, visit…

You find our coordinates on the webYou find our coordinates on the web

http://scipp.ucsc.edu http://scipp.ucsc.edu


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Say “Good bye” to Say “Good bye” to

Daniel Greenhouse,Daniel Greenhouse,

the brain behind the sparksthe brain behind the sparks

He was an undergraduateHe was an undergraduate

at UC Santa Cruz.at UC Santa Cruz.

http://scipp.ucsc.eduhttp://scipp.ucsc.edu

Thanks to our hosts:Thanks to our hosts: The SLAC FamilyThe SLAC Family Ms. Nina Adelman-StolarMs. Nina Adelman-Stolar The KnightThe Knight


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

High voltage sparks I: Jacob’s ladderHigh voltage sparks I: Jacob’s ladderHigh voltage sparks I: Jacob’s ladderHigh voltage sparks I: Jacob’s ladder

Roff:

RJ

RJ>>R -> VJ>>VR

I=0

on:RJR

RJ<<R

I=V/(RJ+R)

R14kVE=VJ/d


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

primarytransformer

secondarytransformer

• 110 VAC -> >=14kV• C gets charged• high V across S

S

C

T

P2 S2

• S breaks down• C discharges through P2• resonant circuit (S,C,P2)

CP 2/11

• virtual capacitor (T -> ground)

• resonant circuit (S2,T)

• energy transfer

• voltage gain :

• power transfer/sparks at 1 (10-100 MHz)

12 2/1 TS

kVVTCV CT 100/

High voltage sparks II: Tesla coil High voltage sparks II: Tesla coil High voltage sparks II: Tesla coil High voltage sparks II: Tesla coil


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

primarytransformer

secondarytransformer

S

C

T

P2 S2


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

Transformer 101:

Energy (Power ) (at best! - heat, sound, motion!) conserved

I*V constant

Primary (n1) and secondary (n2) share the Magnetic Flux

(use iron core!)

V1 n1*d/dt

V2 n2*d/dt n2/n1* V1


SCIPPUC Santa Cruz

ResonanceResonanceResonanceResonance

That’s how a swing works:That’s how a swing works:Match Resonance Frequency and In-PhaseMatch Resonance Frequency and In-Phase

That’s how a swing works:That’s how a swing works:Match Resonance Frequency and In-PhaseMatch Resonance Frequency and In-Phase


by the Primary Coil, so it has to be tuned by the Primary Coil, so it has to be tuned

to the secondary circuit to be in resonanceto the secondary circuit to be in resonance


by the Primary Coil, so it has to be tuned by the Primary Coil, so it has to be tuned

to the secondary circuit to be in resonanceto the secondary circuit to be in resonance

uc santa cruz tesla @ slac family day scipp uc santa cruz uc santa cruz tesla coil @ slac family day...

Documents

nicola tesla n

n computers

abner soffer slac n

tesla coil work

nicola sparky tesla

tesla coil web ring

hartmut sadrozinski

san jose n