U AW - F O R D

SIXTY YEARSO F P R O G R E S S

1 9 4 1 - 2 0 0 1

© 2001 UAW-Ford National Programs Center.

All rights reserved. A publication of theUAW-Ford National Programs Center,

151 W. Jefferson Ave., Detroit, Michigan 48232.

www.uawford.com

This book has been designed, written and manufacturedin the United States of America by Union Labor.

U AW - F O R D

SIXTY YEARSO F P R O G R E S S

1 9 4 1 - 2 0 0 1

UAW Local 1892/Maumee Stamping Plant

UAW Local 509/Los Angeles PDC

UAW Local 863/Sharonville Plant

UAW Local 387/Woodhaven Stamping Plant

UAW Local 36/Wixom Assembly

Over the years, the UAW and Ford MotorCompany have worked together to meet thechallenge of building great cars and trucks.

But today, more than ever in their history, theUAW and Ford understand that their goals andresponsibilities go beyond the design andproduction of great cars and trucks. They take toheart two inspiring missions: to supportemployees and to dazzle customers.

Supporting employees means many things.It means supporting education, families,community involvement. It means encouragingemployees to express the best of themselves,to pursue with energy, imagination, and goodjudgment the perpetual reinvention that it takesfor Ford Motor Company to succeed as aworld-class company. It means that the UAWand Ford support the daily efforts of their

employees to ensure quality and to satisfy theneeds of their customers.

This book is written to celebrate theachievements of the hundreds of thousandsof men and women of the UAW and FordMotor Company.

This 60th Anniversary is an occasion toacknowledge the struggles and accomplishmentsof the past, and it is an occasion for lookingforward to building on a proud tradition ofworking together to produce world-class cars,trucks and services.

This history book and additional archived photoswill be available online through the UAW-Ford

National Programs Center website atwww.uawford.com.

BORN OUT OFadversity, the relationship

between the UAW and FordMotor Company now spans

sixty years. Through thesacrifice and struggle of the

early UAW pioneers andtheir families, an agreement

was reached with theFord Motor Company on

June 20, 1941.

Foreword

4

The 60th Anniversary of the CollectiveBargaining relationship between theUAW and Ford Motor Company is an

occasion for celebration. I congratulate all themen and women who have contributed to themaking of a great legacy and who have madepossible a great future for UAW-representedFord employees.

Sixty years from the signing of the firstagreement between the UAW and Ford MotorCompany, the UAW remains an important andintegral part of our lives today. Thanks to thecourage and hard work of our members, the UAWcan look forward to even more progress in thenew millennium. I was proud when I first joinedthe UAW in 1956, and I am truly honored to bethe President of such a great organization today.

As a member of a union family, I am gratefulfor the opportunity to serve as a part of our UAWteam. Over the years, your UAW team hasworked with Ford Motor Company to create amodel of labor-management relations that othercompanies look to as a standard. In the comingyear, we will be going even farther to lead the way.

The UAW and Ford have a proud past and abright future. Once again, I would like tocongratulate all the active and retired UAWmembers for all they have contributed over theyears. Each and every one deserves our thanks. Irecognize that making a difference in the worldisn’t possible unless we all work together. Iappreciate everyone’s efforts, and I look forwardto realizing the kind of future that we haveworked so hard, and for so long, to achieve.

Sincerely,

Stephen P. YokichPresidentUnited Auto Workers

5

The 60th Anniversary of Ford MotorCompany’s relationship with theUnited Auto Workers union is an

opportunity for us to recognize the peoplewho have contributed so much over the pastsix decades. They deserve our thanks forbuilding a strong foundation. Today, it is ourjob to build a future for our company, ourunion, our people, and our communities onthat foundation.

Our industry defined the century withpersonal mobility, mass production,and growing prosperity. In the 21st Century,new inventions and new technologies aretransforming our business and, once again, weare changing the world. What hasn’t changedat Ford is our unique sense of family, and ourbelief that we are only as strong as our people.

I am proud of the legacy of Ford MotorCompany and the UAW, and I am committedto our future together. I feel strongly aboutmaking positive impacts in fundamental yet far-reaching ways: taking care of our employees,supporting our communities, and improvingour environment.

With our collective talent and resources wecan build better cars and better trucks, a bettercompany and a better world. I know that we canmake a real difference in the 21st Century—forus, for our children and for our communities.

Sincerely,

William Clay Ford, Jr.Chairman of the Board

6

All of us in the UAW National FordDepartment have a great deal of personalrespect for the men and women in our

past who forged the way and spent their livesbuilding our union, so that we could enjoy thecontracts of today. The 60th Anniversary of ourfirst contract gives us yet another opportunity toreflect on their sacrifices and struggles, as well asexpress our appreciation for their commitment.It is our responsibility to continue that samededication and strengthen our union for futuregenerations.

The steadfast resolve of those who built ourunion and those who followed them created thefoundation that exists for our membership andleadership to face the future together insolidarity. The UAW is strong, spirited andvisionary, and we are grateful for theopportunity to play a role in serving ourmembership in this challenging new century.

It is an exciting ever-changing time to be aUAW member employed at Ford MotorCompany. As a union, we are bringing anuncompromising vigilance to the issues ofhealth and safety in the workplace, and thequality of the products and services that weoffer. We are also expressing our commitment todiversity in real, down-to-earth terms. Our 1999negotiations theme of “Bargaining for Families”resulted in unprecedented gains for ourmembers, our families, retirees and thecommunities in which we live and work.

On behalf of the National Ford Departmentstaff and clerical, I would like to congratulate allof our members for their dedication andsupport of our union over the last 60 years. Inthis new millennium we are privileged to upholdthe traditions of all of those who came before usby paving the way for those who will follow.

Fraternally and sincerely,

Ron GettelfingerUAW Vice PresidentDirector, National Ford Department

7

For the past sixty years, Ford MotorCompany and the UAW have combinedforces to produce the best products in

the world. We owe a debt to those who camebefore us. To repay that debt, we must continueto work together, to make Ford Motor Companya world leader.

Ford and the UAW are continually refiningthe processes in which each member ofthe workforce can draw on his or her knowledgeand experience in improving manufacturingoperations. Our goal is to give our customers thebest cars, trucks, and services in the industry,and more. We want to give them what they wantin quality, product innovations, services,environmentally responsive policies andcommunity engagement.

Together we have the capacity and the visionto make Ford Motor Company the world’sleading consumer company for automotiveproducts and services.

The people of Ford Motor Company and theUAW understand our place in history. We aregrateful for the opportunities to meet thechallenges of an ever-evolving industry, tocollaborate and innovate with our fellowemployees, and to work hard to make ourcompany the best in the world.

Sincerely,

Jacques Nasser President and CEOFord Motor Company

8

Iam proud to join Ford Motor Company andthe UAW in celebrating the 60th anniversaryof their durable and successful partnership.

Visteon will soon mark its first complete year asan independent company, and we will continueto build on the trust and mutual respect fromwhich this relationship has grown.

Visteon’s vision is to become the world’sleading supplier of integrated automotivesystems. To get there we must meet and exceedthe expectations of our customers. The UAWcan and will play an integral role in deliveringbetter quality, service and technology thanour competitors.

We at Visteon are just beginning to build ourlegacy. We won’t hesitate to embrace newprocesses and technologies that will help usbetter serve our customers. Yet we willmaintain and improve upon the best elements ofour heritage from Ford. The best example ofthat is the labor-management bond we arecommemorating today.

I want to thank the UAW leaders with whomI have bargained over the years for theirunwavering role in creating this strongpartnership. These include Steve Yokich, ErnieLofton, Ron Gettelfinger, Doug Fraser andOwen Bieber.

Again, I am proud to have played a modestpart in building this partnership, and I lookforward to many more years of mutual success.

Sincerely,

Peter J. PestilloChairman andChief Executive OfficerVisteon Corporation

UAW Local 600/Dearborn Assembly Plant

UAW Local 174/Vulcan Forge Plant

UAW Local 882/Atlanta Plant

UAW Local 182/Livonia Plant

C o n t e n t s

The Beginning 10

The Years of War, Peace, and Prosperity 28

The Evolution ofModern Collective Bargaining 65

The Future 89

It all starts with the

individualist from

Dearborn, Michigan,

born July 30, 1863

The Beginning

11

TWO CYLINDERS.Four bicycle wheels. A leather

drive-belt. A wooden cabinet to siton. On April 2, 1896, Henry Ford, anemployee of the Edison lluminating

Company, took hold of an ax andknocked out the narrow doorframeof his woodshed behind 58 BagleyAvenue, his home in Detroit. And

then, with his wife, Clara, watching,he pushed his Quadricycle out into

the light of history.

THE FIRST FORDHenry Ford, who had moved with Clara

from Dearborn to Detroit in 1891, did notinvent the automobile.

Henry had a gift for assimilating the ideas ofothers and an obsession with improving uponthem. For years, Henry, along with threefriends from Edison Illuminating Company,had been working with small engines andignition systems until they decided to buildtheir own car, which turned out to havesignificant advantages. That two-cylinder,bike-wheeled buggy that Henry pushed out ofhis woodshed in 1896 was lighter, faster, andmade of cheaper materials than other cars ofthe time. It weighed 500 pounds. It could gotwenty-miles an hour. And, most importantly,it got Henry Ford thinking.

The first Ford, a Quadricycle, 1896

First Ford factory on Mack Avenue, Detroit.Henry Ford andhis 1901 Racer.

Henry Ford,right, withBarney Olfieldand the 999 racecar, 1902.

Henry Fordbuilt this car in1907 and usedit in winningthe famousSelden PatentLawsuit, whichbroke Selden’smonopoly onthe infant autoindustry.

12

His first two automobile companies failed,but he won fame with his 1902 red racer, the999, in which Henry himself managed to exceed60 miles an hour.

The first Ford Motor Company factory wasbuilt at Bellevue and Mack Avenue. More than5000 Ford runabouts were sold by 1905. In1908, two things happened that changedeverything. First, the Model T was designed, at$850, to be a car the average person could affordto own. It was a vehicle that would change livesand alter the American landscape. Second,Walter Flanders, the leading industrial engineerin America at the time, was hired to redesignproduction, and, by 1913, the first movingassembly line was proving its power by cuttingproduction time in half. The world—bothoutside the factories and in them—would neverbe the same again.

Highland Park Plant.

Crankshaft Plant, Highland Park, 1914.

Assembly of magnetos, 1914. Part of a day’s production of Model T’s at theHighland Park plant, 1913.

The Highland Park Ford plant was thebirthplace of the moving assembly line.Designed by the noted architect AlbertKahn, the plant was made entirely ofsteel, concrete and glass. It was thelargest building in Michigan at the time,with 50,000 square feet of glass in itswalls and ceilings. By 1920, the plant wasproducing a car every minute, and oneout of every two automobiles in Americawas a Model T. The plant was designateda National Historic Landmark in 1978.

14

THE ARRIVAL OF UNIONISMAuto workers first tried to organize into

unions in 1913. At Ford’s Highland Park plant,union organizers distributed leaflets andhandbills, but they were arrested by police. Tokeep them from the influence of organizers, thecompany didn’t let Ford workers leave the plantduring lunch or breaks. At that time, workerswere earning twenty to twenty-five cents anhour, or about two dollars a day.

In 1913, Henry Ford introduced the assembly lineat the Ford Plant in Highland Park, Michigan.

Chicago Assembly, 1917.

Final Line Testing, Highland Park Plant, 1924.

Eugene Debs, pictured here during his 1912campaign for president, was the father of

industrial unionism in North America.

The IndustrialWorkers of the World

(IWW), right, andthe Carriage andWagon Workers

Union, above, wereamong the earliestpredecessors of the

auto unions.

HIGHLAND PARK AND THE ROUGEHenry Ford was by this time envisioning the

construction of a superplant. In 1915, theHighland Park plant was the world’s largestfactory complex, making a quarter of a millionModel T’s a year. When war was declared inApril of 1917, the plant also made steel helmets,ammunition boxes, airplane engines, tractors,and gas masks. But Henry wanted to control theraw material that went into production: rubber,wood, coal, and iron. And that requiredsomething that had never before been built.

Henry bought land for a large manufacturingcomplex on the banks of the Rouge River, whichflowed into the Detroit River. The RougeComplex was designed by Albert Kahn, whodesigned the Highland Park Plant. This was thebeginning of a tumultuous period in thedevelopment of Ford Motor Company.Internally, there were power struggles, whichresulted, by 1919, in the consolidation ofownership in the hands of the Ford family. Theyear of 1920 saw Ford reorganized as acorporation, and it saw the first operations ofthe steel-production part of the Rouge complex.Five years after Henry Ford imagined it, theRouge complex was beginning to rumble to life.

Model A Line at the Dearborn Assembly Plant, 1928.

Henry Ford on the plant floor.

Ford Trimotor, 1920s.

Model A Assembly, 1928-29.

Ford Tractorassembly,

1920s.

16

Workers were again laid off, and wages werecut. Some men were working 14-hour days forten cents an hour.

At the depth of the Depression, Ford shutdown for five months to switch from the Model Ato the V8.Thousands of people were in dire straits.

Many groups were protesting theunbearable conditions of the times. On March7, 1932, protesters in a Hunger Marchapproached the gates of the Rouge to petitionfor relief. Four marchers were shot, and a fifthdied later of injuries.

A NEW MODEL AND HARD TIMESThe last Model T (number 15,007,033) came

off the line in May of 1927, and 60,000 Fordworkers were laid off. The city of Detroit saw itswelfare roll expenses increase by a milliondollars as a result of the unemployed workers.

In 1928, when the Model A was introduced,to be manufactured at the now-complete Rougecomplex, most laid-off workers reapplied forwork. Foremen and superintendents, if rehired,were rehired as production workers.

And then, in 1929, the stock market crashed.

On March 7, 1932, thousandsof workers marched to Ford’sRouge Plant, chosen as asymbolic target of their protestfor jobs and relief in theaftermath of the Depression.Police threw gas. Protestersresponded with rocks. Policeand guards then firedhundreds of shots into thecrowds. At least 50 werewounded. Four died on thespot, and a fifth died later frominjuries.

In September1933, a year anda half after theHunger March,over 10,000unemployed warveterans form aline over twoblocks long toapply for jobs atFord. HenryFord hadannounced thathe would hire5,000 localveterans at$3 a day.

The GreatDepression

18

EarlyFord Motor CompanyAdvertising

Ford Model T with earlyFord service mark.

1935.1924.

Akron Tire Companypromotional poster.

Model T Ad.

Akron Tire Company

promotional poster.

19

Early UnionHandbills

The first National Council Meeting of the United AutomobileWorkers Federal Labor Union, 1934.

20

This Charter established the UAWas an International Union, dated

August 26, 1935.

THE NEW DEALWith the boost from President Franklin

Roosevelt’s New Deal social programs, thecountry managed to struggle out of the pits ofthe Depression. Workers across America werereinvigorated with the mission to organize intounions. And the unions were legitimized andgiven real bargaining leverage with the passageof the National Labor Relations Act.

Ford Motor Company, however, refused torecognize the labor unions. The Ford ServiceDepartment, headed by Harry Bennett, kept theworkers under strict surveillance and practicedsystematic intimidation to keep the workersfrom organizing.

On January 18, 1937, President Edsel Fordposed in the 25 millionth Ford passenger

car with his father, Henry Ford, in his firstcar built in 1896.

21

THE FAMILY BUSINESSThree-years old when his father built the 1896 Quadricycle, EdselFord grew up around his father’s workshop. Edsel was driving atten and had his own car at fifteen. In 1912, Edsel decided to foregocollege in order to work in his father’s company. He became thepresident of the company when he was twenty-five-years old.

Edsel and his father shared a complex relationship.Overshadowed by the man who had invented the Model T andchanged the world, Edsel struggled to make his own mark on thecompany and in the industry.

“Father made the most popular car in the world,” Edsel once said.“I want to make the best.”

To that end, Edsel established his own design studio and set towork. In 1932, Diego Rivera, the artist who had beencommissioned to produce a mural based directly on the Rougefactories for the courtyard of the Detroit Institute of Arts, visitedEdsel’s studio and found him working on early designs of a newswooping, sensuous Lincoln coupe. Impressed by Edsel’s goodcharacter and kindness of spirit, Rivera created a painting of Edselworking in his studio. Rivera felt that Edsel was an artist in hisown right.

Proving Rivera right, Edsel finalized his early sketches of a newLincoln and worked with a world-class designer to build it. Hebrought out the Lincoln Zephyr in 1935. The Museum of ModernArt called the Zephyr “the first successfully designed streamlinedcar in America.”

Edsel was indeed making his mark. But his crowning achievementwas yet to come: the Lincoln Continental of 1939.

22

Roy, Victor and Walter Reutherat the UAW’s 1937 Convention,

Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

The SecondAnnualConvention ofthe InternationalUnion UnitedAutomobileWorkers ofAmerica,Milwaukee,Wisconsin, 1937.

Several Headquarters forEarly Organizing Drives

1937 Ford Coupe.

“Watch the Fords Go By,” a lithographic billboard by A.M. Cassandre for Ford Motor Company, 1937.

24

Robert Kantor, Walter Reuther,Richard Frankensteen and J.J. Kennedy.

Two hours before the Battle of the Overpass, May26, 1937, Walter Reuther handed out leaflets to

members of the UAW Women’s Auxiliary.

THE BATTLEOF THE OVERPASSOn May 26, 1937, around fifty union supporters, mostlywomen, were led by organizers Walter Reuther and RichardFrankensteen. They had been granted a city permit todistribute union handbills to Ford workers at the Rouge Plant.Union organizers Reuther, Frankensteen, Robert Kantor, andJ.J. Kennedy walked onto an overpass above Miller Road,which ran the length of the Rouge Plant. Despite the presenceof many newspaper reporters and photographers, Fordservicemen surrounded and severely assaulted the union men.Other Ford servicemen attacked handbillers at the gates, beatup many people, and knocked down and kicked some of thewomen who had come to distribute the handbills. Sixtypeople were treated for injuries. 207 handbillers werearrested during this period.Because the event was photographed and communicated tothe nation and the world, the Battle of the Overpass becamea seminal rallying point for union organizers everywhere.Even today, the images convey the dark spirit of the times inwhich the union pioneers were struggling to survive.

Homer Martin becamealigned with a faction inopposition to the Committeefor Industrial Organization(CIO) and wound up inleague with Harry Bennettin the creation of aninternal company union atFord. This newspaperreported on the outcome ofa labor-board investigationinto this and relatedmatters of the time.

1939 was the year that Ford MotorCompany was held guilty of violatingthe National Labor Relations Act inDetroit. Ford appealed the decision.The decision was upheld in the CircuitCourt of Appeals in Cincinnati, and, inFebruary of 1941, the U.S. SupremeCourt declined to review the case.While Reuther and others wereactively working on strengthening theunion in the plants, the stage wasbeing set for the company and theunion to meet head on.

Early CIO and UAW leaders, left to right,UAW President Homer Martin,

UAW First V.P. Wyndham Mortimer,UAW Second V.P. Ed Hall,

CIO Publicity Director Len DeCaux,UAW Secretary-Treasurer George Addes,

Adolph Germer of the CIO, CIO ChairmanJohn L. Lewis, Attorney Lee Pressman, and

CIO Director Joseph Brophy.

Ford ServiceDepartmentmen beat up

RichardFrankensteen.

A member of the Women’s Auxiliary of theUAW identifies the Ford Service Department

men who pushed her onto a streetcar, 1937.

Assembly Line, V-8, 1940.

1939 Ford Convertible Coupe

Henry Ford II, Henry Ford and Edsel Ford

Henry Ford and Edsel FordTHE START OF A NEW ERA By the middle of theThirties, there were fewModel T’s left to be seenon the roads. Othermodels had taken theplace of the historic icon.

“I see by the new SearsRoebuck catalogue that it is stillpossible to buy an axle for a 1909 Model T Ford,but I am not deceived,” wrote E.B. White in a famous1936 essay published in The New Yorker. “The greatdays have faded, the end is in sight. Only one page inthe current catalogue is devoted to parts andaccessories for the Model T; yet everyone remembersspringtimes when the Ford gadget section was largerthan men’s clothing, almost as large as householdfurnishings. The last Model T was built in 1927, and thecar is fading from what scholars call the Americanscene—which is an understatement, because to a fewmillion people who grew up with it, the old Fordpractically was the American scene.”

By the end of the Thirties, the American scene was tochange its character again. The rise of the UAW wasimminent. Walter Reuther was fast becoming a publicfigure. And the rise of Edsel’s son, Henry Ford II, was inthe making.

The Years ofWar, Peace,and Prosperity

Walter Reuther is pictured celebrating his first election to UAW President in 1946. He held that officeuntil his death in 1970. Reuther is riding on the shoulders of Brendan Sexton, president of UAWbomber Local 50 at Willow Run, and to the left of Sexton is Walter’s brother, Roy Reuther.

Henry Ford II is pictured here in 1945 at agetwenty-eight at the Rouge complex. He led the

Ford Motor Company from 1945 until 1975.

The signing of the first UAW-FordAgreement, World War II, and the

transformative years of a strongand vital post-WWII America

30

In the early years in order to organize the workers atFord, Bill McKie and David Miller, both Ford workers,approached Francis Dillon, the AFL organizer (who wasto become the first UAW president in 1935). The AFL(American Federation of Labor) had been founded in1881. Dillon told them that workers were to be dividedaccording to craft.

McKie and Miller believed that divisions would makefor a weak union. Believing in strength in numbers, theywanted to organize Ford workers into a single industrialunion.

So, with McKie as the elected president and Millervice-president, their small group applied for a federalcharter from the AFL in Washington, D.C. In 1935,Congress had passed the Wagner Act and created theNational Labor Relations Board. The Wagner Actstrengthened the ability of unions to organize productionworkers. Eventually, McKie’s small Ford group received afederal charter and, in 1935, became Federal Local 19374,the precursor to UAW Local 600.

At the 1935 AFL convention, John L. Lewis, presidentof the United Mine Workers, and other industrial unionsdefied the AFL and set up the Committee for IndustrialOrganization (CIO). The CIO was formed by AFL-affiliatedunions seeking to organize workers in steel, rubber, auto,and mass-production industries.

The AFL and the CIO were rivals from the start. The1936 convention marked the founding of an independentUAW. Homer Martin was elected to be the UAW-CIOpresident. Vice presidents were Ed Hall, WyndhamMortimer, and Walter Wells, with George Addes assecretary-treasurer.

In September of 1936, Walter Reuther, in his late twenties,was elected president of the UAW local 174, a west sideDetroit local. In 1937, Homer Martin appointed RichardFrankensteen the UAW director of organizing for Ford. In1939, at the UAW convention, R.J. Thomas was electedpresident. In 1940, Michael Widman was appointed UAWdirector of organizing for Ford. In 1941, Richard Leonardbecame the UAW Ford Director.

Who was First?

Michael Widman, on left with his tie undone, andRichard Leonard, standing at the microphone, 1941.

The complex origin of the UAW at Ford

WilliamMcKie

DavidMiller

FrancisDillon

RichardFrankensteen

The brothers Henry Ford IIand William Clay Ford.

Henry Ford II and his grandfather look over amodel of the Rouge complex.

THE FORD FAMILYHenry Ford and Clara Jane Bryant married in 1888and, in 1893, had one son, Edsel Bryant Ford.

Edsel married Eleanor Clay in 1916. They had fourchildren: Henry II, Benson, Josephine Clay, andWilliam Clay. Edsel was 25-years old when hebecame president of Ford Motor Company in 1918,and he held that position for the rest of his life. Hewas in charge of sales, marketing, and accounting,and he also developed a sense of design, an areain which he contributed much during his years atFord, including the design of the classic 1939Lincoln Continental. He died in 1943.

Henry II married Ann McDonnell in 1940. They hadthree children: Charlotte, Anne, and Edsel BryantFord II. When Henry II became president of Ford in1945, he did so on the condition that he would befree to make any changes in the company that hesaw fit, which meant that Harry Bennett wouldhave to go.

William Clay Ford married Martha Firestone in1947, the year Henry Ford passed away. They hadfour children: Martha Parke, Sheila Firestone,William Clay, Jr., and Elizabeth Hudson. As vicepresident and general manager of the ContinentalDivision, William Clay drew on his father’s 1939Continental design when he oversaw thedevelopment of the 1956 Mark II.

32

UAW Secretary-TreasurerGeorge Addes and Richard Leonard,

who was in charge of the Fordorganizing drive, distribute union

leaflets at the Rouge plant.

Pictured are the UAW African-AmericanOrganizers who spearheaded the effort to build

support for the UAW in the African-Americancommunity and the Rouge Complex.

Left to right: Joseph Billups,Walter Hardin, Christopher Alston,

Veal Clough, Clarence Bowman,Leo Bates, and John Conyers, Sr.

Michael Widman, Walter Reuther, andGeorge Addes, 1941.

33

ORGANIZING BEFORE THE 1941 AGREEMENTBETWEEN THE UAW AND FORDBy the end of 1937, the UAW had 300,000 members. But from 1937 to 1941, over four-thousand Ford workers were fired for suspected union membership. During this time, theUAW was beset by struggles for leadership. In 1940, Michael Widman led the organizingdrive at Ford, the last of the auto companies to resist recognizing the unions. Leaflets andhandbills were distributed relentlessly. Workers wore union buttons to work. Within a fewmonths, several thousand had joined the UAW. On April 1, 1941, Harry Bennett, head of theFord Service Department, fired eight members of the Rouge grievance committees, andUAW workers at the Rouge went on strike.

Henry Ford had resigned from the presidency in 1918. Since that time, his son Edsel hadacted as the company president. But Henry maintained strong control and influence overkey company decisions and policies, effected and enforced through Harry Bennett. Whenthe 1941 Rouge strike broke, Edsel rejected the hard line taken by Bennett and argued topersuade his father to settle with the union. Ten days after the strike had begun, FordMotor Company agreed to recognize a grievance procedure in which unresolved issueswere to be mediated. Workers returned to the plant, with the understanding that a fullcontract would be negotiated after the UAW held its elections in May.

Women played a crucial role in theorganizing drives.

In May of 1941, the union won electionsin preparation for the negotiations withFord Motor Company. Holding thebanner, on the left is Michael Widman.On the right, R. J. Thomas.

The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1941.Standing, from left to right : William Ducharme, James Cowbray, James G. Couser, Alfred Bardelli, Percy Llewellyn, James Sullivan, Frank Morgan,Anthony Leone, Arthur J. McNally, George J. Buckwick, Joseph D. Twyman, Carl Lee Smith, Martin Jensen, Frank Neuman, William Taylor,George Sherinian, Joseph A. Lynch. Seated from left to right: Samuel M. Bitner, Richard T. Frankensteen, George F. Addes, Allan S. Haywood,Shelton Tapps, Philip Murray, R. J. Thomas, Richard T. Leonard, Michael F. Widman, Jr.

34

THE SIGNING OF THE FIRST AGREEMENTNegotiations began on June 1, 1941. UAW

Ford Director Richard Leonard led the UAWteam. Harry Mack headed the Ford team, butHarry Bennett supervised.

In the negotiations, the Company granted analmost totally closed union shop, agreed to payback wages to more than 4,000 workerswrongfully discharged, and committed to agrievance procedure. The Company also agreedto match the highest wage rates in the industryand to deduct union dues from workers’ pay.The terms were the most generous in the historyof industrial relations.

But Henry Ford still had to agree to the terms.When Bennett brought the terms to Henry

Ford, who had taken no part in the negotiations,

Henry Ford rejected them out of hand. Thatnight, his wife Clara pressed him on the unionissue. She knew that Edsel wanted to settle, and,having followed the long battles over the years,she had had enough of the rancor and violence.Clara sided with Edsel in favor of ending thestrike and pressured Henry to settle.

But Henry’s consideration was influenced byother factors, as well. Thousands of pro-unionworkers had filed claims with the courts. Fordhad defense contracts the governmentthreatened to revoke if Ford didn’t improve itslabor policies. And, by 1941, labor was a majorforce in American life. Ford was the only autocompany that hadn’t yet settled with the UAW.

The agreement was signed on June 20, 1941.

Left to right: Richard Leonard,Allan Haywood, Philip Murray, Harry Bennett,

R. J. Thomas, and George Addes.

Seated, left to right:Philip Murray, Harry Bennett,R. J. Thomas, George Addes.

The UAW National Negotiating team at Ford, 1942.From left to right: Emil Mazey, Harold Bessey, W.G. Grant, Percy Llewellyn, John Brinly, Frank Ellis, Forest Doren,Thomas Thompson, secretary, M.A. Williams, William Kimberling, Richard T. Leonard, director, UAW-CIO Ford Department,and William McKie. Not Pictured: Joseph Twyman.

Signing of theFirst National Agreement, 1941

36

FACTORIES SUPPORTTHE WAR EFFORTOn December 7, 1941, Japanese fighter planes bombedPearl Harbor in Hawaii and drew the United States intoWorld War II.

Between 1942 and 1945, the auto companies dedicated their operations to the war effort, the UAWagreed to a no-strike pledge. Ford produced no cars for civilian use. Instead, they manufacturedmilitary equipment, including tanks, trucks, engines, bombs, airplanes, and ammunitions.

Before the end of war, the elder Henry Ford and Harry Bennett left Ford Motor Company for good, and,in 1945, Henry Ford II brought in a talented new management team. The new, young managers weremore disposed to accept and work with the UAW. By the end of the war, UAW membership was over1.2 million, of whom about 350,000 were women. The UAW had become the largest union in the world.

Scenes from factory work,1943-1944

The last car off the line before the companyconverted to wartime production.

B-24 bombers were built by members ofUAW Local 50 at Willow Run, Michigan.

Touring the Willow Run bomber plant, UAW Local 50,in the fall of 1942 are, left to right, Under-Secretary of War

Robert Patterson, Henry Ford, Michigan Governor Murray VanWaggoner, UAW President R.J. Thomas, and Edsel Ford.

Foundry worker, 1944.

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Women worked in the plants in large numbers during the war.

The Whiz Kids, in the first row, a group of Ford Executives from left to right: Arjay Miller,F “Jack” Reith, George Moore, James Wright, Charles “Tex” Thornton, Wilbur Anderson,Charles Bosworth, Ben Mills, J. Edward Lundy, Robert McNamara. Jack Davis is in thesecond row between Wright and Thornton.

A veteran of WWII in a Ford plant.

TheWhizKids

1946 Ford SportsmanConvertible, with

maple and mahoganywood paneling.

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THE PROMISEOF PEACEIn the postwar period, the countrywas ready to return to normalcy.Ford advertisements capitalized onthe allure of a bright future for thosemaking a transition from thesacrifices of war to the prosperitiesof a quickly growing middle class,which included more and more autoworkers who now had solid earningsand job security. Home ownershipincreased, and many workers nowdrove their own cars to work.

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REUTHER ELECTEDUAW PRESIDENTBorn on the eve of Labor Day,September 1, 1907, in Wheeling,West Virginia, Walter Reuther grew upa member of the working class just asthe modern factory with its newprocesses, unique environments, andproductive capacities came into being.At 19, he was hired as a die maker byFord Motor Company for the productionof the Model A in the Rouge.

By 1946, Walter Reuther had a strongreputation in the UAW and had beenelected its president. In the 1947convention, UAW President WalterReuther battled the Thomas-Addesfaction for control of the union.

Leadership was fractious and bitter.Under the slogan, “Teamwork in theleadership and solidarity in theranks,” Reuther promised an end tofactional infighting. And he won. Withthis victory, Reuther made possiblethe creation of a more cohesive,democratic UAW.

Emil Mazey, Leonard Woodcock, and Walter Reuther,UAW Convention, 1947.

Voter registration forLincoln workers of UAW

Local 900, 1947.

Reuther Slate supporters,UAW Convention, 1947.

In the winter of 1948, the unionidentified pension plans as its nextgoal in bargaining with Ford.

The 1949Speedup

Strike

On April 20, 1948, Reuther barely escapedassassination. Home from an evening union meeting,he was standing in his kitchen when a gunman fired ashotgun through the window. Reuther’s right arm wasshattered. Even after years of rehabilitation, his armnever regained full strength. Thirteen months later,Victor Reuther was shot in his Detroit home. He wasshot in the eye, but he survived. Neither shooting wassolved by investigation, and no one was everprosecuted. Reuther, arm in a brace, is pictured herewith Ken Bannon in July of 1948.

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On September 29, 1949, under thethreat of a strike, Ford agreed tocompany-paid pension plans forworkers. Seated, left to right:UAW Ford Director Ken Bannon;Walter Reuther; Ford Vice-PresidentJohn Bugas; and Mel Lindquist,Ford manager of industrial relations.Standing, between Bugas and Reuther,is a very young William Clay Ford.

The 1949 UAW Convention.

1949

1949 Club Coupe

1949 Mercury Station Wagon

Henry Ford II is pictured here in 1952, the year“automation” became a buzzword for Ford MotorCompany. Implementation of the concept ofautomation began at the Buffalo stamping plantand continued with the construction of theCleveland engine plant in 1952. In 1947, 97,000production workers built about one million Fordcars and trucks. By 1960, 120,000 workersdoubled production to 2.2 million.

Ford Motor Company Administration Committee, 1953.From left to right, in the first row: William Clay Ford, Ernest Breech, Henry Ford II, Benson Ford; in the second row: J.R. Davis,L.D. Crusoe, W.T. Gossett, J.S. Bugas, D.S. Harder, T.O. Yntema, I.R. Duffy; in the third row: W.A. Williams, J. Dykstra,R.H. Sullivan, A.J. Weiland, E.S. MacPherson, S.W. Ostrander, C.F. Moore, Jr., R.S. McNamara.

Cars and trucks coming off the line, 1950.

First UAW Ford Pensioner, 1950.

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While the design achievement of the Mark IIcould not be denied, commercial success wouldnot be achieved until the Mark III. In the lateForties, the public image of the company wasembodied by Henry Ford II and his Whiz Kids.In the Fifties, the three Ford brothers came torepresent the company’s public image. BensonFord had been in charge of the Mercury divisionsince 1948. William Clay Ford headed theContinental division. But, soon after the launchof William Clay’s Mark II, the Continentaldivision was folded into the Lincoln division,and the Mark II got lost in the shuffle.

Benson Ford stepped down from Mercury in1956 to head Lincoln-Mercury dealer relationswhile William Clay Ford left Continental tobecome a vice-president in the Styling division.Ten years passed until, in April of 1968, theLincoln Continental Mark III came out. It wasan instant commercial success. It outsold theCadillac Eldorado and established Ford MotorCompany firmly in the luxury-car market.

LIKE FATHER, LIKE SONOn October 2, 1939, Edsel Ford unveiled his

Continental. It was Edsel’s finest designachievement. Long, low, and sculpted, theContinental had a twelve-cylinder engine and asmooth, gliding ride. It was a enduring classicstatement, and people loved it.

It was such an enduring statement and sowell-loved that, in the decades following itscreation, people begged for new models thatwere based on it.

In the early Fifties, responding to customerdemand, William Clay Ford and his design teamreturned to his father’s 1939 Continental. Theytook cues from its proportions, its long hoodand short rear deck. They incorporated one ofits most distinctive features, its rear-mountedspare-tire container. Their intention for theMark II, called “II” in recognition of the 1939Continental as the “I,” was to resurrect Edsel’sgraceful triumph, and their goal was to make aserious mark on the luxury-car market.

1939 Lincoln Continental Convertible

EdselFord

WilliamClay Ford

1955 Lincoln Continental Mark II

The 1955 Thunderbird

Introduced in 1955, theThunderbird, with itsdistinctive design andits V8 engine, becamean instant classic. Itwas a new kind ofsports car, one thatincorporated luxury andelegance. From 1955through 1966, it wentthrough a series ofrefinements andreinterpretations.Revived for inspirationin the new millennium, aThunderbird will onceagain be bringing itsunique blend of styleand luxury to thestreets. The FordHeritage websitemaintains a history ofthe Thunderbird,including vintage ads, atwww.fordheritage.com.

In 1955, Albert Einstein died,President Eisenhower had a heartattack, the stock market crashed,and the AFL and CIO combined. Inthe 1955 negotiations between theUAW and Ford, the significantgain was the SupplementalUnemployment Benefits program.The philosophy behind SUB wasthat auto workers should not bepenalized for being unemployeddue to conditions beyond theircontrol. It was a major gain for theunion. Time magazine put Reutheron its cover because of it. And itwas timely. From 1956 to 1959, thecompany paid out more than $105million to unemployed workers,mainly as a result of the 1958recession, during which nationalunemployment rose to 7 percent.

1955 Contract SigningFord Vice President John Bugas and UAW President Walter Reuther sign the 1955 Agreement.

To the right of Reuther is UAW Ford Director Ken Bannon and Gene Prato. Seated with bow-tie is Mr. Lindquist.Standing behind Mr. Lindquist from left ro right: Mr. Johnson, Malcolm Denise, Ray Busch, Carl Stilleto, Art Speed,

Horace L. Sheffield, John Orr.

UAW President Walter Reuther andUAW Ford Director Ken Bannon, 1955.

This 1956 billboard advertisement captures perfectly the American Dream of the times. The largeand wealthy post-WWII middle class wanted suburban homes and two-car garages. “56 for ‘56” wasthe slogan of the year. Fifty-six dollars a month for three years, after a 20% down payment, and you

could have a ’56 Ford. The slogan was the idea of a young Lee Iacocca, a Philadelphia district salesmanager, and the idea was applied nationally, helping to sell an extra 75,000 units. It was also the

year that Ford went public, and Ernest Breech was made chairman of the board.

In the 1957 Edsel are William Clay Ford, Benson Ford, and Henry Ford II.

The1958

Strike

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Leonard Woodcock and Senator John Kennedyat the 1959 UAW Convention.

The UAWshows support for

civil-rights in a1960 demonstration.

From left to right: Charles Gillette,Angelo DeNardo, S.E. Foster,

John Galvin, Earl Parker, Pat O’Mara,Ray Busch, Nelson Samp, Ken Bannon,

UAW-Ford department director,Gene Prato, committee chairman,

Jerry Wilse, Owen Hammons,Carl Stilletto, Joe Morgan,

Jesus Chantres, Charles Brown,James Burwell.

1958 UAW-FordNegotiating committee.A recession hit in 1958. Car companiesbuilt a million cars that went unsold.

Ford President Robert McNamaraand Henry Ford II in 1960, a year inwhich the leadership at Ford seemedto be in flux. Ernest Breech, after justfour years as chairman, resignedunder pressure from Henry Ford II.For a few months, Henry Ford II wasboth president and chairman until, inNovember of 1960, he named RobertMcNamara as Ford president. It wasPresident McNamara whorecommended Lee Iacocca to run theFord Division.

On January 3, 1961, McNamaraleft Ford to accept the position ofSecretary of Defense in the KennedyAdministration. The sudden vacancyin the Ford presidency was filled byJohn Dykstra. Despite the years, from1945 to 1960, that Henry Ford II hadspent constructing a sensiblecorporate structure with anatmosphere of teamwork, uncertaintywas prevailing. While he had learnedall too well the dangers of autocracyfrom the example of his grandfather,Henry Ford II felt drawn to taking thereins of the company in hand.

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Labor Day, Detroit, 1961.

The UAW NationalNegotiating Team at Ford, 1961.Standing from left to right: John Galvin, Alex Garcia, Mr. Bishop,Gene Prato, Mr. Kirby, Mr. Baldwin, Mr. Williams, Carl Stilletto,Sam Fishman. Seated from left ro right; Walter Dorash,UAW Vice President and Director of the UAW Ford DepartmentKen Bannon, UAW President Walter Reuther, Ross Riley.

John Dykstra and Henry Ford II. In April of 1961, afterthe abrupt departure of Robert McNamara, Henry Ford II

tapped John Dykstra, a production manager, for theposition of Ford president. Dykstra’s expertise was in the

manufacture of cars and trucks and the management ofassembly plants. This left Henry Ford II to concentrate on

financial development, including diversification.

1963 March on Washington.

Prior to the March on Washington, the UAW withWalter P. Reuther helped to give leadership to the Detroit Freedom March, 1963.

Walter Reuther, along-time memberof the NAACPboard of directors,mobilized the UAWand other labororganizations intoparticipating inMartin LutherKing’s 1963 marchon Washington,D.C. The marchwas historic.Martin Luther Kingdelivered his “IHave A Dream”speech, and thestage was set forthe passage of thecivil-rights acts of1964 and 1965.

The Ford Heritage websitemaintains a history of theMustang, including vintageads, at www.fordheritage.com.

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The first Mustang debuted at the New York World’s Fair in 1964.Named after the legendary WWII fighter plane, the Mustang was ahit, filling a gap in Ford’s line-up by appealing to young drivers whowanted a sporty car. Sales in 1966 reached 549,400 units, the highestever. The first Mustang to appear on the big screen was a yellowMustang convertible in the James Bond film Goldfinger. The Mustangwas not the brainchild of Lee Iacocca, but Iacocca was responsiblefor selling the Mustang to a Ford leadership that was still smartingfrom the failed Edsel venture. In 1965, in recognition of the successof the Mustang, Iacocca was promoted to vice-president.

Walter Reuther shakes hands with Ford lead negotiator Malcolm Deniseat the conclusion of the 1964 Contract negotiations.

The UAW NationalNegotiating Team at Ford,

1967.Seated from left to right:

Nelson Samp, Gene Prato,UAW Vice President and Director of

National Ford DepartmentKen Bannon, Alex Garcia,

Stan Rowe. Standing from left toright: Charles Gillette, Al Hendricks,

Don Dewyea, Harry Ather,Frank Bono, Ray Casteel,

Robert Battle III,William Donovan, Sam Carr,

Walter Dorash.

In 1967, following a two-month strike at Ford, theSupplemental Unemployment Benefits programbecame a genuine annual-wage guarantee.

The UAW NationalNegotiating Team at Ford, 1964.Seated from left to right: Carl Stiletto,Gene Prato, Chairman, UAW ExecutiveBoard Member At-Large and National FordDirector Ken Bannon, UAW PresidentWalter Reuther, Irving Bluestone,Alex Garcia. Standing from left to right:Robert Biblo, Earl Parker, Doyle Williams,Jeff Washington, James Tate, Tom Bladen,Charlie Gillette, Ross Riley, Walter Dorash.

1967 Negotiations. From left to right: Top FordNegotiators Sidney McKenna, and Malcolm Denisewith UAW President Walter Reuther.

Vice-chairman Arjay Miller, Ford President Semon E. “Bunkie”Knudsen and Chairman Henry Ford II. During the Sixties, Henry Ford II worked to reform and modernize the company.Arjay Miller took over the Ford presidency from Dykstra in 1963,and, in 1968, Henry Ford II relieved him of it and installed him,instead, as vice-chairman. Much of the changes in leadership atFord can be explained by Henry Ford II’s desire to overcomeGeneral Motors’ sales dominance. He wanted Ford to be thenumber-one automobile company in the world. In 1968, ChairmanHenry Ford II accepted President Lyndon Johnson’s appointment ofhim to head the National Alliance of Businessmen. So Henry Ford IImade Bunkie Knudsen, who had been passed over for thepresidency of GM, the new president of Ford. Knudsen was eagerto continue the chase after GM. But he only lasted until the fall of1969, when Henry Ford II replaced him with the three presidents,Lee Iacocca, Robert Stevenson, and Robert J. Hampson, each withresponsibilities over different divisions. It didn’t last. Ford madeIacocca sole president in December of 1970.

In April of 1970, Walter Reuther led whatwould be his last UAW convention. Themembership was experiencing somedivisions, and the bargaining would betough. Reuther was sixty-two years oldand looking forward to a retirement inwhich he could educate a futuregeneration of union activists.

The building of the UAW FamilyEducation Center on scenic land nearBlack Lake in northern Michigan was thelast project of Reuther’s life. The centerwas to conduct a range of activities totrain union members, explore theprevailing issues of the times, and shareideas and concerns about the course ofthe UAW. It was also to accommodaterecreational activities for visiting UAWmembers and their families. Reuther didnot live to see the center completed.

On the night of May 9, 1970, Walter, hiswife May, his nephew and bodyguardBilly Wolfman, and the center’s architect,Oscar Stonorov, left Detroit in a planebound for Black Lake. In a light rain andlow clouds, the plane hit the top of a treeduring its descent and crashed into astand of trees near the airport in Pellston,Michigan. All passengers and the twopilots were killed.

On May 13, 3,400 people attended hismemorial service in Ford auditorium, andthe major automotive companies shutdown their lines for three minutes tomourn his passing. By 1970, the UAW wasthe largest racially integratedorganization in the United States. Thedeath of Walter Reuther in 1970coincided with the decline of the longpostwar boom. Henry Ford II consideredReuther “a central figure in thedevelopment of modern industrialhistory.” While the industry wouldcontinue without the man, history wouldpreserve his legacy.

“You can’t opt out of life,” Walter Reutherreflected in 1968. “You’ve got to make upyour mind whether you’re willing toaccept things as they are, or whetheryou’re willing to try to change them.”

“He was the only friend I had.” Alexander Cardozo,retired auto worker, mourns the death of Walter Reuther.

Walter Reuther,1907-1970.

The Brothers Ford: Standing is Henry Ford II. Sittingon the left is Benson Ford, and sitting on the right isWilliam Clay Ford. Henry Ford II worked doggedly todrum up the financing for the construction of theRenaissance Center from 1971 until 1977 when it wasfinally completed. In 1978, Henry Ford II fired LeeIacocca. Soon after, Benson Ford passed away. In1979, Henry announced that he was stepping downas chairman but staying on as a director of thecompany. He made Philip Caldwell Chief OperatingOfficer. William Clay Ford was vice-chairman.

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The UAW executive board elected Leonard Woodcock the UAWpresident in May of 1970. Woodcock was able to orchestrate a series

of union successes during his tenure, which ended in 1977.

After the death of Reuther,Leonard Woodcock continues tradition of

UAW support of Civil Rights. In the centeris the Rev. Ralph Abernathy from the

Southern Christian Leadership Council.

To the left of Woodcock,Rev. Lowry and to the right is

Coretta Scott King.

Malcolm Denise and Leonard Woodcockat the 1973 Negotiations.

Pictured from left to right are: FordPresident Lee Iacocca, Chairman

Henry Ford II and Vice ChairmanPhillip Caldwell. Lee Iacocca had beencompany president since 1970, but by1977 had become number three in the

new three-person office of the ChiefExecutive. Mr. Caldwell would become

Chairman of the Board in 1980, andserve until his retirement in 1985.

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Auto worker, 1976.

Auto workers on strike, 1976.

Ken Bannon,UAW Vice President

and Director of theFord Department,

with strikers at afire barrel, 1976.

The UAW NationalNegotiating Team at Ford, 1973.Seated from left to right: Robert Battle III, UAWVice President and Director of the FordDepartment Ken Bannon, UAW PresidentLeonard Woodcock, Walter Dorash. Standing infront from left to right: Jim Sullivan,Louis “Connie” Tiseo. Standing in back from leftto right: Don Corn, John Szluk, Steve Boyle,John Popovich, Vern Dollens, Ray Shubert,Wayne Medders, Nelson Samp, E.J. Moran,Pete Pavlich.

UAW President Douglas A. Fraser and Ford Motor CompanyLead Negotiator Sidney McKenna, opening the 1979 Negotiations.

The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1976.In center, seated, is UAW Vice President Ken Bannon, director of the UAWFord Department. Seated from left: Dan Forchione, Mike Rinaldi, Bannon,Ron Halstead, Secretary, Robert Bender. Standing, from left: Steve Boyle,Robert Battle, John Popovich, Len Vizzaccero, Robert Schoeneman,Stan Jones, Bill Johnson, Albert “Don” Watters, William “Bill” Brown, Jr.,Joe Desmond, Vernon Dollens, Nicholas Vallese.

The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1979.Standing, from left to right: Bill Corey, Phil Douglas, Don Davis, Jessie Gregory,James Nagy, Jr., Ron Halstead, Albert “Don” Watters, Red Little, Don Burgess,Bob Morris, Bob Tiseo, Norm Fultz, Byron Cooper, Ernest Lofton, Frank James.Knealing: Tom Dowdy. Sitting from left to right: UAW Vice President and FordDepartment Director Ken Bannon, UAW President Douglas A. Fraser,Dan Forchione, Mike Rinaldi.

Until 1979, UAW membership rolls were atan all-time high of 1.6 million, but, duringthe energy crisis of the Seventies, cheaperforeign imports with better gas mileagegained one quarter of the Americanmarket. The UAW lost six-hundred-thousand members in the years after 1979.The years were dark ones for the unionand tested the mettle of its leadership andthe spirit of its members. The very survivaland future of the UAW was at stake.

Northville Plant, 1981

UAW Local 36/Wixom Assembly, 1980

UAW Local 900/Wayne Assembly, 1978

UAW Local 36/Wixom Assembly, 1980

The Fight for Survival – and BeyondFor the last twenty years, the UAW and Ford Motor Company worked

together to build quality and obtain a secure future.

The Evolution ofModern Collective

Bargaining

UAW-Ford production worker, 1984.

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AssemblyPlants,

1980s

In the Eighties, faced withglobal competition, theAmerican workforceundertook serious efforts toencourage consumers to buyAmerican-made products.

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THE RELATIONSHIPbetween the UAW and Ford

Motor Company wentthrough radical changes

during the last twenty-fiveyears of the 20th Century,

a period when the world ingeneral and the United States

in particular experiencedradical changes.

RADICAL CHANGETechnology made leaps and bounds in

manufacturing, computers, and communications.Companies grew multinational. Culturesdiversified. The urgent issues of those decadesranged from civil rights to labor rights, from acrisis of energy to a crisis of the environment,from the war on drugs to the war in the Gulf.

Those years were transformative for theUAW and Ford, as they were for organizationsin every industry.

In the early Eighties, global competition tookthe wind out of the sails of the Americanautomotive industry. The economy was in aslump. Car and truck sales plummeted. Plantswere closed. Nearly half of the UAW’s Fordmembership was laid off.

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Stephen P. Yokich: atleft in 1978 as Directorof UAW Region 1 andbelow in 1974 as anInternationalRepresentative.

As Regional DirectorStephen P. Yokich in 1979 , formedthe Region 1 Youth Council.

It was a tough time financially for Ford, but itwas a critical time for the continued existence ofthe UAW. Caught off guard by foreigncompetition, Ford was marshalling its forces tofight back and survive as a company. Sufferingdeeply as a result of these efforts, the UAW hadfar less forces to marshal on its own behalf.

The world had seemingly changed overnight.Feeling the impacts of cheaper imports, newtechnologies, and a national recession, the UAW,like Ford, had to redefine its mission.

DEFYING THE ODDSIn 1979, the UAW and Ford had negotiated

a letter on Employee Involvement. That letterwas the foundation for the innovations inlabor-management relations during the nexttwenty years.

The UAW negotiated gains in the areas of

health and safety, quality, job and incomesecurity, education and training, outsourcing,and family and community support. The lightthat flickered in the dark days of the Eightiesburned brightly in the Nineties. The nationalbargaining committees of those years defied theodds and accomplished unprecedented gains.The membership of the UAW came together tospur organizing efforts, shore up support, andplan for the future.

In 1983, UAW President Owen Bieberappointed UAW Vice President Stephen P.Yokich as Director of the Ford Department. Itwas an extraordinary period of the UAW’shistory. As Director of the UAW’s OrganizingDepartment, Yokich made organizing a priority,and he was the lead Ford negotiator for thecollective-bargaining teams. His negotiatingskills were by that time well respected, and histies to the UAW were lifelong.

MODERN BARGAININGFrom 1983 to 1989, as director of the UAW

National Ford Department, Yokich was part of ateam that set new standards for bargaining.

The new position of the UAW was based onan understanding that the union could develop

1974.

Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Yokich, Walter P. Reuther,Steven P. Yokich upon his being elected aUAW Local 155 representative, 1967.

UAW President Douglas Fraser shakes hands with FordPresident Donald Petersen, 1982 Negotiations. To Mr.Fraser’s right are UAW Vice President and Director ofthe National Ford Department Don Ephlin and hisassistant Dan Forchione.

Douglas Fraser and Peter J. Pestillo, 1982 Negotiations.

Donald Petersen at Local 892/Saline Plastics, 1982.

The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1982.Top row, left to right: Sheldon Friedman, Howard Young, Frank James,UAW President Douglas A. Fraser, Vice President and Director UAW FordDepartment Donald F. Ephlin, Dan Forchione. Second row: Tom Dowdy,Mike Rinaldi, Ernest Lofton, Stan Jones, John Hunter, Phil Douglas.Third Row: Bill Corey, Robert Bruce, James Nagy, Jr., Tom Bennett,Robert Douglas. Fourth Row: Harold Boone, Norm Fultz,Kenneth “Wayne” Bean, Dan Vergari.

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programs to improve the economic and socialconditions of the workforce while alsoaddressing employer concerns aboutproductivity and efficiency. The UAW madeit clear that it understood the connectionsbetween quality, consumer satisfaction, andjob security.

And, on the company side, from the earlyEighties through 1999, Peter J. Pestillo played akey role in the negotiations, in building andmaintaining the relationship with the UAW.Joining Ford Motor Company as a VicePresident Labor Relations in 1980 andpromoted to Vice President Employee Relationsin 1985, Pestillo earned the respect of his unioncounterparts with a keen understanding ofcollective bargaining, the nature and history ofunions, and the necessity for the union andcompany to work together to build qualityproducts and satisfy customers. To survive andexcel in the global marketplace, the union andthe company had to work together, and Pestillo,for his part, worked hard to help build a labor-management relationship of mutual respect.

Among the innovations in the 1982Agreement were profit-sharing, several job-security protections, the Education,Development and Training Program (EDTP),and the mutual growth forums.

Stephen Yokich bargaining for the first time as director of the Ford Department, 1984.

Peter J. Pestillo, 1984.

UAW Vice President Stephen Yokich andFord Motor Company’s lead negotiator

Peter J. Pestillo at the opening ofCollective Bargaining, 1984.

The UAW NationalNegotiating Team at Ford, 1984.Standing from left to right:James Nagy, Jr., Walter Richburg,Dan Vergari, Kenneth “Wayne” Bean, Larry Webb, Larry Lewis,Dave Curson, William Schaffner, Bob Pokerwinski, Bill Corey,Stan Jones, Frank Vesprini. Seated from left to right: Bob King,UAW Vice-President and Director of the UAW Ford DepartmentStephen P. Yokich, UAW President Owen Bieber, Phil Douglas.

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1984 AGREEMENTIn the 1984 negotiations, the UAW won

specific contract language that ensured a UAWrole in quality issues, a role that evolved in 1993to include the ability of workers to stop the linefor quality reasons. Joint programs supportingworker participation were expanded toemphasize health and safety, employeeassistance, labor-management studies, childcarereferral, and local training funds. The EmployeeAssistance Program was established, and jobsecurity was enhanced.

UAW Vice President Yokich supports strikersat UAW Local 882/Atlanta Assembly Plant,

August 1, 1986.

UAW Local 425/Lorain Assembly Plant, 1986.

UAW Local 919/Norfolk Assembly Plant.

Ernest Lofton and Owen Bieber participate in demonstrationagainst South Africa in Washington, D.C., 1984.

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Donald Petersen and Stephen P. Yokich,1987 Negotiations.

The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1987.Standing from left to right: Joseph Peters, Jr., Kenneth “Wayne” Bean,Jerry Melillo, Ron Gettelfinger, Walter Richburg, Wilis Lee Israel,James Patton, Larry Miller, William Don Hammonds, Frank Miccolis,James Vellucci, Joseph D’Amico. Sitting from left to right: Bob King,Vice President and Director of the UAW Ford DepartmentStephen P. Yokich, UAW President Owen Bieber, Alex Garcia.

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1987 AGREEMENTIn the 1987 negotiations with Ford, Yokich

led bargaining that resulted in improvedprotections for job security and increasedopportunities for worker involvement. Amongthe many new advances were the newGuaranteed Employment Numbers (GEN)program, which established guaranteedemployment numbers for each unit andlocation, and the “Best-in-Class” Qualityprogram.

1990 AGREEMENTThe 1990 Agreement successfully integrated

Employee Involvement principles into a varietyof new areas, including preventive maintenance,ergonomics, project management, and teamarrangements. All joint programs enjoyedexpanded funding. UAW Vice President ErnestLofton had a key leadership role during thenegotiations. In September of 1990, the U.SDepartment of Labor presented an award to theUAW-Ford National Education, Developmentand Training Center for its excellence.

The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1990.Standing from left to right: Joseph Reilly, Mike Baxter, Archie Kinney,Jasper Catanzaro, Leslie Burnett, Jim Settles, Steve Wyatt, Al Suemnick,Dennis Bryant, Thomas Boritzki, Vern Newland, Garry Mason,Charles Castle. Seated from left to right: William Don Hammonds,Gerald Bantom, Vice President and Ford Department DirectorErnest Lofton, UAW President Owen Bieber, Richard Shoemaker,Robert David, Jerry Melillo, Bill Stevenson.

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The UAW NationalNegotiating Team at Ford, 1993.Standing from left to right: Bill Stevenson, Vern Newland,Archie Kinney, Ben Storemski, Will Burden, Tom Boritzki,Nerlean Young, Doug Lewis, Gerry Stowell, Joseph D’Amico,Phil Rose, Paul Quick, Johnny Vawters. Seated from left toright: Joseph Reilly, Gerald Bantom, John Nolan,Vice President and Director UAW Ford DepartmentErnest Lofton, UAW President Owen Bieber, Jim McNeil,Richard Shoemaker, Tom Torres, Frank Howe.

1993 AGREEEMENTIn the 1993 Agreement, the UAW and the

Company affirmed their commitment to jointlysponsored programs. Expanded EmployeeInvolvement training initiatives includedenhanced professional training for EmployeeResource Coordinators (ERCs). The TechnicalSkills Program was created to train workers inthe skills they need to perform in high-techworkplaces. And an Elder Care Consultationand Referral Program.

Ford Motor Company President Harold “Red” Poling visits with (from left to right) John Morris,James Fluker, Donna Poet and Dan Brooks, 1991.

Harold “Red” Polingand Owen Bieber,1993.

Ford Motor Company headquaters, Dearborn, Michigan, 1993.From left to right, William Clay Ford, Stan Seneker, Harold “Red” Poling and Donald Peterson.

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Ford Motor Company Chairman of the BoardAlex Trotman at UAW Local 600/DearbornAssembly Plant in October 1994.

1993 Ford Ranger ad.

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Fifteenth anniversary of the UAW-FordEmployee Involvement Program, 1994. From leftto right: Al Hendricks, Jack Hall, Doug Fraser,Peter J. Pestillo, Ernest Lofton, Don Ephlin,Ernie Savoie and Irving Bluestone.

The first Apprenticeship groupat the UAW-Ford Huron Technical

Training Center, 1994.

William Clay Ford, Jr., William Clay Ford, Sr.,Ernest Lofton, Jim McNeil and Al Wilson at

Dearborn Assembly Plant, 1994.

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Yokich delivers his Presidential speech after being elected atthe 31st Constitutional Convention, 1995.

UAW President Stephen P. Yokich at the31st UAW Constitutional Convention, 1995.

From left to right:Gerald Bantom,

Ernest Lofton, andStephen Yokich atthe opening of the

1996 Negotiations.

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The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1996.Standing from left to right: Frank Musick, Joel Goddard, Clayton Meadors, Frank Savalle, Johnny Martin, Dave Weston,John W. Smith, Jeff Washington, Nick Parente, Joseph Reilly, Scott Adams, Tom Boritzki, Johnny Martin, Nearlean Young,Johnny Vawters, Jimmy Carroll. Seated from left to right: Bill Stevenson, Frank Howe, Gerald Bantom, Vice President andDirector of the UAW Ford Department Ernest Lofton, UAW President Stephen P. Yokich, Paul Massaron, James McNeil.

GeraldBantom and

StephenYokich,

1996Negotiations.

THE 1996 AGREEMENTIn the 1996 negotiations with Ford Motor

Company, UAW President Stephen Yokichand UAW Vice President Ernest Lofton led thebargaining for the Union.

The 1996 Agreement mandated wage andbenefit increases, secured job and incomesecurity programs, and expanded programsthat benefited members, retirees, and theirfamilies. Also won was the first company-paidtuition assistance for post-secondary educationof dependents of UAW members, as well astuition assistance for retirees.

Ron Gettelfingerand his wife, Judy,receive congratulationsfor Ron’s election toUAW Vice Presidentat the 1998 UAWConstitutionalConvention.

Ron Gettelfinger acceptsnomination to the position of

UAW Vice President, 1998.

Stephen Yokich andRon Gettelfinger, 1998.

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retired workers and their families withunprecedented job and economic security.”

The UAW provides people with theopportunities to participate in decisions thatdirectly affect their working lives: health andsafety, job security, product quality, benefits.Today, the UAW is expanding its mission toinclude labor-management solutions for thesupport of working families and thecommunities they live in.

Over the last twenty years, the UAW has re-energized the labor movement, developed newstrategies to address the challenges of theglobal economy, and expanded the UAW’sorganizing activities.

“Workers realize that unions offer the bestway for us to win a seat at the bargainingtable,” Yokich has said. “And the UAW is notjust a collective-bargaining agent. The UAW ispart of a social movement in this country. Thefact is, in the 21st Century, unions have moreto do than ever.”

THE 1999 AGREEMENTOn June 14, 1999, UAW President Stephen

P. Yokich, who had been re-elected in 1998,and Vice President Ron Gettelfinger led theUAW Ford barganing team. On November 1,1999, the new, four-year labor agreement,which strengthened existing programs andcreated new programs unique in the industry,was signed.

“This agreement provides a solid frameworkto continue our constructive relationship withFord in the years ahead,”Yokich said at the time.

Job-security protections under theGuaranteed Employment Numbers programadvanced a step farther than they had ever gonebefore by preserving not only individuals but thenumbers of jobs in the facilities. If a workerleaves as a result of outsourcing or attrition, andthe pool of laid-off workers has been exhausted,then the company must hire a new worker to fillthat position within ninety days.

“I am confident,” added Gettelfinger, “thatthis contract will provide UAW active and

Alex Trotman and Ron Gettelfingervisit with workers on the plant floorof UAW Local 600/Dearborn Engine& Fuel Tank Plant, 1998.

UAW Ford Joint Programs Billboard, 2001.

Pictured withRon Gettelfinger areCharles Hoskins andBill Stevenson, whohelped give leadershipto the team which madesignificantcontributions to the1999 Agreement.

83

Ford Negotiating Team, 1999.From left to right: Peter J. Pestillo,Jacques Nasser, William Ford, Jr.

Ron Gettelfinger and Stephen Yokich at the

negotiations at the 1999Collective Bargaining with

Ford Motor Company.

UAW Local 897/Buffalo Stamping Plant

UAW Local 400/Chesterfield Trim

2000 Ford Taurus

UAW Local 228/Sterling Heights Plant

UAW Local 400/Romeo Engine Plant

UAW Local 387/Woodhaven

Stamping Plant

UAW Local 862/Kentucky Truck Plant

2000 Ford F-150

UAW Local 174/Vulcan Forge

UAW Local 182/Livonia Plant

UAW Local 182/Livonia

UAW Local 600/Dearborn

Assembly Plant

UAW Local 325/St. Louis Assembly

UAW Local 245/Research & Engineering Center

UAW Local 36/Wixom Assembly Plant

UAW Local 600/Dearborn Assembly Plant

UAW Local 898/Rawsonville Plant

UAW Local 898/Rawsonville Plant

88

The UAW National Negotiating Team at Ford, 1999.Holding the banner from left to right: Tony White, Carl Dowell.In the back row from left to right: Dave Curson, Johnny Martin,Rory Gamble, Tom Zmrazek, Frank Walker, Jerry Sullivan, Joe Riley,Bill Rushlaw, Paul Massaron. Front row: Bill Stevenson, Jerry Kline,Jeff Washington, John Talik, Bob Hasty, Bill Norfleet, Joel Goddard.Sitting from left to right: Vice President and Director of the UAW FordDepartment Ron Gettelfinger, UAW President Stephen P. Yokich.Behind Joe Riley is Frank Musick.

Bargaining for Families, 1999.

Working to

Improve the

Quality of Life

for our

Families and

Our

Communities

The Future

Above: The signing of the 1999 CollectiveBargaining Agreement between the UAW and Ford

Motor Company. At the table, from left to right:UAW President Stephen P. Yokich, Ford President

and CEO Jacques Nasser, Ford ChairmanWilliam Ford, Jr., and Visteon CEO Peter J. Pestillo.

At the bottom right is Ron Gettelfinger,UAW Vice President and Director of the

National Ford Department.

Right: UAW Vice President and Director of theNational Ford Department Ron Gettelfinger and

Ford Chairman William Ford, Jr.

90

TODAY’S WORLDis very different from the

world in which Walter Reuthergalvanized the UAW and Henry

Ford mass-produced theModel T. Yet, one imperative

remains the same foreveryone at the UAW and

Ford Motor Company.Everyone wants to make the

world a better place for futuregenerations. Everyone wants

to make a difference.

In the latter part of the 20th Century, theemphasis of the UAW was to secure thestandard of living of the workforce. In the 21stCentury, the greater emphasis of the UAW andUAW-Ford will be to secure quality of lifebeyond the job by supporting families andengaging with communities.

The UAW and Ford Motor Company arecontinuing their commitments to producingthe best products and providing the bestservices in the world, and they are doing sowith respect for the workforce, theenvironment, and the communities in whichthese processes are taking place. The unionand the company expect to make acontribution in the 21st Century that is theequivalent of the Industrial Revolution .

The first priority must always be health andsafety. The UAW and Ford have devotedextensive education, training, andtechnological resources to preserving and

Mike Rawson, a member of UAW Local 900, was the first to receive a new computer given out under theModel E Program. Ford Product Analyst Toary Taylor, second from right, also received a new computer. Left

to right: Ford Chairman William Ford, Jr., Mike Rawson, UAW President Stephen P. Yokich, Toary Taylor,Ford President and CEO Jacques Nasser.

“With a goal ofzero fatalities andserious injuries,” reads newlanguage in the 1999 CollectiveBargaining Agreement, “theleadership of the UAW and Ford willcontinue jointly to sponsor activitiesto support a relentless daily focuson safety that protects employees,prevents accidents and injuries, andprovides a safe workplace.”

91

Customers demand excellence in quality, and the“Best-in-Class” Quality Program was developed toensure that employees understand what it takes to

respond to that demand for quality and to satisfy theircustomers. Working together, the union and the

company are working toward the same quality goals.Through training and education programs, workers

are encouraged to monitor quality every day and areempowered to take action. Workers contribute their

knowledge, their skill, and their judgment to theproduction of “Best-in-Class” automobiles, and the

National Quality Committee fosters a spirit ofteamwork, cooperation, and commitment to

continuous quality improvement.

Participants in aDiversity

brainstormingsession.

UAW and companyrepresentatives from UAW Local

900/Wayne ISA, UAW Local174/Vulcan Forge and

Woodhaven Forge, UAW Local36/Wixom Assembly and UAW

2280/Van Dyke plants.

In the 1999 Agreement, the UAW and Ford agreed to establish a National JointDiversity Committee (NJDC) and charged the committee with developing a traininginitiative to increase awareness and promote constructive dialogue regardingdiversity. In a Letter of Understanding, the Union and the Company recognized thevalue of diversity. “Although the concept of diversity highlights our differences asindividuals, the true value of workplace diversity is that such differences can createa whole that is more than the sum of its components—a group of individuals whosecollective strengths are derived from understanding, appreciating and capitalizingon their particular personal attributes.”

protecting the health and safety of theworkforce. The imperative now is to promoteand ensure compliance. “With a goal of zerofatalities and serious injuries,” reads newlanguage in the 1999 Collective BargainingAgreement, “the leadership of the UAW andFord will continue jointly to sponsor activitiesto support a relentless daily focus on safetythat protects employees, prevents accidentsand injuries, and provides a safe workplace.”

“Our most valuable asset is our people,” says

UAW Local 723/Monroe

Ford President and CEO Jacques Nasser.“Nothing is more important than theirsafety and well-being. Our coworkers andfamilies rely on this commitment. There canbe no compromise.”

UAW-Ford has launched a nationalinitiative, negotiated under the 1999 CollectiveBargaining agreement, entitled: Family Serviceand Learning Centers (FSLC). Intended forUAW-represented Ford employees, salariedemployees, families, and retirees, FSLC

“With regard to diversity, the UAW and Ford Motor Company recognized andresponded to the significance of equitable treatment of employees far before weever put contractual language on a piece of paper.”

Dennis Cirbes, Executive Director, Labor Affairs

93

in which they exist.”In the new century, the opportunities for

progress abound: from diversity to the Internet,from childcare to quality, from alternative fuelsto teamwork. Everyone is being encouraged toparticipate. No one is to be left behind.

The UAW and Ford Motor Company areworking together to improve the quality ofproducts and to satisfy the preferences ofcustomers.The mission is to work hard for familiesand for communities. Now more than ever.

Today’s world is very different from the worldin which Walter Reuther galvanized the UAWand Henry Ford mass-produced the Model T.And our children’s world will be very differentfrom today’s world. Some day, our children willlook back, and they will see a world in which theUAW and Ford Motor Company came togetherto do their very best for their workforce, theirenvironment, and their communities. They willsay that the UAW and Ford made the world abetter place. They will say that the UAW andFord made a difference.

recognizes the importance of social as well aseconomic issues for working families and theircommunities. Delivering training, childcare,community outreach, and more, the FSLCprogram represents a dedication to creatinginnovative support networks that address awide variety of work and family issues.

“This unique effort steps beyond traditionalbenefits and paycheck issues to providecutting-edge opportunities for personalgrowth and development,” says UAW PresidentStephen P. Yokich. “The Family Service andLearning Centers are a direct response to whatour members and retirees tell us they need,and the Centers are our best effort to supportthem every step of the way.”

“Enlightened corporations are beginning tounderstand that social issues are businessissues,” says Ford Chairman William Ford, Jr.“They realize they can no longer separatethemselves from what is going on aroundthem. Ultimately, businesses can only be assuccessful as the communities, and the world,

To train employees in the latest workplacetechnologies, the Technical Skills Program,negotiated in the 1993 Agreement, includesfunding for skilled-trades technical training,

production-employee training,business-systems

technical training, newprocesses training,

and enhancedapprentice training.Workers can learn

about everythingfrom computers to

lasers, from robotics to hydraulics.TSP initiatives enable workers to keep pace

with the rapidly evolving world of technology.

“The next several years will present some formidable challenges.We need engaged employees, equipped with the knowledge,skills, and tools to effectively navigate our new realities.”

David Murphy,Vice President, Human Resources, Ford Motor Company

The first meeting of the Local Family Council ofDearborn, Michigan, was held at UAW Local 245/Research and Engineering. The Local Family Councilsserve as a very important link between the nationalFamily Service and Learning Center (FSLC) programand the local communities in which the FLSC programwill be put to work. All locations have different needs.So the Councils maintain close contact with theircommunities and ensure that FSLC services arerelevant and responsive to area needs.

UAW Vice President and Director of the National Ford Department Ron Gettelfinger and Ford President andCEO Jacques Nasser proudly endorse the effort to support families and communities.

UAW Local 1111/Indianapolis UAW Local 862/Kentucky Plant

“The Family Service andLearning Centers are adirect response to what ourmembers and retirees tellus they need.”

UAW PresidentStephen P. Yokich

“Social issues are businessissues. Businesses canonly be as successful asthe communities in whichthey exist.”

Ford Motor CompanyChairman William Ford, Jr.

On April 27, 2001, UAW Local 249/Kansas City Assemblyheld a groundbreaking ceremony for the construction of

their Family Service and Learning Center.

97

The FSLC initiative encompasses a variety ofservices under three general categories:Family Education and Services, CommunityService Education and Outreach, andChildhood Education Services.

In Family Education and Services, examplesof programs and services that may beoffered are: intergenerational programs,personal growth and development, familytechnology literacy, job and careerassistance, support groups, before- andafter-school programs, summer and holidaycamps for children, retiree programs, familywellness, and health screenings.

Under Community Service Education andOutreach, the FSLCs will match workers,retirees, and their families with community-service opportunities through a VolunteerSupport Network that will promote andpublicize volunteer opportunities. The FSLCswill link with community organizations tosupport both local and national charitableand volunteer programs.

The FSLC childcare effort includesCommunity Childcare Networks of high-quality childcare providers. The Networkswill work to enhance the quality andaccessibility of childcare in Ford, Visteon,and ZF Batavia communities. Thirteendedicated childcare centers serving areaswith hourly and salaried populations of 5,000or more will be opened by 2003. The FSLCdedicated childcare centers will serve up to250 children and will operate up to 24 hoursa day, as needed.

“These Centers and theseprograms will deepen ourcommitment to make ourcommunities better placesto live.”

UAW Vice PresidentRon Gettelfinger

“Through significant involvementwith our people, this programoffers a powerful growthstrategy for our company andour communities alike.”

Ford Motor CompanyPresident & CEO

Jacques Nasser

98

The UAW and Ford Motor CompanySupport Our Children, Our Families, and

Our Communities. The Future Starts Today.

99

Revitalizationof the RougeThe UAW and Ford are working togetherto lead the way in environmentalresponsibility and good corporatecitizenship. Ford’s North Americanplants recycle more than 234 millionpounds of solid waste annually. In 2000,Ford announced a $2 billionrevitalization plan for the Rougemanufacturing complex. The Companyassembled environmental,development, and manufacturingspecialists, including world-renownedsustainability architect WilliamMcDonough. Ford also announcedplans to improve SUV fuel efficiencyby 25% by 2005. “Whether it’s theenvironmental renovation of theRouge or our fuel-economycommitment, we are committed tobeing a leader in the global climate-change issue,” said Ford ChairmanWilliam Ford, Jr.

Rouge Complex, 1952.

Artist’s rendition of the future Rouge Complex.

100

Billboard for the2002 Ford Explorer.

2002 Ford Thunderbird

Ron Gettelfinger, Peter J. Pestillo, Jacques Nasser and Stephen P. Yokichat the UAW-Ford Joint Programs Conferences, 2001.

101

The UAW-Ford National ProgramsCenter in Detroit, Michigan, iscommitted to supporting the needs ofworkers, retirees, their families, andtheir communities for generations tocome. From the administration ofscholarships to the development ofnational support for local initiatives,the National Programs Center pursuesits mandate tirelessly: to improve ourlives in our workplaces, in our homes,and in our neighborhoods.

The UAW-Ford NationalPrograms Center maintains awebsite at www.uawford.com. The website provides Center history,information on the national programs,scholarship information, answers toFrequently Asked Questions, andrecent issues of Sharing Our Pride,the Center’s magazine. The site alsoprovides information on currentevents and activities related to theNational Programs.

This entire book plus additional historicimages about the UAW and Ford will be

online at www.uawford.com

UAW Ford National Programs

UAW Local 900/Wayne Assembly

UAW Local 400/Chesterfield Trim

UAW Local 588/Chicago Stamping

UAW Local 400/Romeo Engine

UAW Local 36/Wixom Assembly

UAW Local 882/Atlanta Assembly

UAW Local 36/Wixom Assembly

UAW Local 1219/Lima Engine

UAW Local 879/Twin Cities Assembly

UAW Local 898/Rawsonville Plant

UAW Local 879/Twin Cities Assembly

104

Photo CreditsFront Cover – Roger Robinson (Top);William Jordan (Bottom);Ford PhotoMedia (Top Background);William Jordan (Bottom Background)Title Page – UAW Photo Library(Background Photo)Page 2 – Russ Marshall (Top Left &Bottom); David Barringer (Top Right);Roger Robinson (Center)Page 3 – See cover creditsPage 4 – UAW Public Relations &Publication DepartmentPage 5 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 6 – UAW Public Relations &Publication DepartmentPage 7 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 8 – Visteon CorporationPage 9 – Roger RobinsonPage 10-13 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 14 – Ford PhotoMedia(Top & Center); UAW Photo Library(Bottom Left & Bottom Center);Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs,Wayne State U. (Bottom Right)Page 15-16 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 17 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.(Top, Middle Right & Bottom);UAW Photo Library (Middle Left)Page 18 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 19-20 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.Page 21 – UAW Photo LibraryPage 22 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.Page 23 – Museum of Modern Art,New York (Top);Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom)Page 24 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.Page 25 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U. (Top);UAW Photo Library (Middle & Bottom)Page 26-27 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 28 – UAW Photo LibraryPage 29 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 30 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.Page 31 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 32-35 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.Page 36-38 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 39 – Ford PhotoMedia (Top);J. Walter Thompson for Ford MotorCompany (Center Left & Center Right);Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom Left)Page 40-42 – UAW Photo Library

Page 43 – Ford PhotoMedia;J. Walter Thompson forFord Motor Company (Center Left)Page 44-45 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 46 – Ford PhotoMedia (Top);UAW Ford NPC (Center);Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom)Page 47 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 48 – J. Walter Thompson forFord Motor Company (Top);Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom)Page 49 – UAW Photo Library (Top);Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs,Wayne State U. (Bottom)Page 50 – J. Walter Thompson forFord Motor Company (Top);Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom)Page 51 – UAW Photo LibraryPage 52 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.(Top & Center); UAW Public Relations& Publication Department (Bottom)Page 53 – Ford PhotoMedia (Top);J. Walter Thompson forFord Motor Company (Bottom)Page 54 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.(Top & Center);Ford Motor Company (Bottom)Page 55 – UAW Photo LibraryPage 56 – Ford PhotoMedia (Top);UAW Photo Library (Bottom)Page 57 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U.;UAW Photo Library (Center Left &Center Right)Page 58 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 59 – UAW Photo LibraryPage 60 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 61 – Junebug Clark(Top Left & Center Left);UAW Photo Library(Top Right & Center Right);Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom)Page 62 – Archives of Labor andUrban Affairs, Wayne State U. (Top);Junebug Clark (Center Left & Bottom);Earl Dotter www.earldotter.com(Center Right)Page 63 – Junebug ClarkPage 64 – Earl Dotterwww.earldotter.com; Russ Marshall(Bottom Left)Page 65 – Russ MarshallPage 66 – Russ MarshallPage 67 – Junebug ClarkPage 68 – Stephen P. YokichCollection

Page 69 – Junebug Clark (Top);Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs,Wayne State U. (Bottom Left); FordPhotoMedia (Center Right & Bottom)Page 70-71 – Junebug ClarkPage 72 – UAW Solidarity (Top);Stephen P. Yokich Collection(Center & Bottom)Page 73 – Junebug Clark (Top);UAW Photo Library (Bottom)Page 74 – UAW Ford NPC (Top);UAW Photo Library (Bottom)Page 75 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 76 – Roger Robinson;J. Walter Thompson forFord Motor Company (Bottom)Page 77-79 – Roger RobinsonPage 80 – UAW SolidarityPage 81 – Roger RobinsonPage 82 – Roger RobinsonPage 83 – William Jordan (Top);UAW Ford NPC (Center & Bottom)Page 84 – David Barringer;Roger Robinson (Center Left);Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom Left)Page 85 – Roger Robinson;Ford PhotoMedia (Top Right)Page 86 – Roger Robinson;David Barringer (Center Right)Page 87 – Roger RobinsonPage 88 – William JordanPage 89-90 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 91 – David BarringerPage 92 – David Barringer;Ford PhotoMedia (Center)Page 93 – David Barringer (Top);Ford PhotoMedia (Center)Page 94 – Roger RobinsonPage 95 – Ford PhotoMedia (Top);David Barringer (Bottom)Page 96 – David BarringerPage 97 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 98 – David BarringerPage 99 – Ford PhotoMediaPage 100 – UAW Ford NPC (Top);Ford PhotoMedia (Center);Roger Robinson (Bottom)Page 101 – Roger Robinson (Top);UAW Ford NPC (Bottom)Page 102 – Roger Robinson;Ford PhotoMedia (Bottom Left);Stephen P. Yokich Collection(Bottom Center)Page 103 – Roger Robinson;UAW Photo Library (Bottom Right)Back Cover – UAW Photo Library(Top); Ford PhotoMedia (Center);Roger Robinson (Bottom)

UAW-FordNational Programs CenterDetroit, Michigan

UAW-FORD SIXTY

YEARS

OFPROGRESS —

1941 TO 2001

International Union, UAWSolidarity House

Detroit, Michigan

Ford Motor CompanyWorld HeadquartersDearborn, Michigan