types of tales (traditional tales)
TRANSCRIPT
READING TRADITIONAL TALES
AND KNOWING THEIR
PATTERNS & VARIANTS
Prepared By: Francisco L. Gatchalian III
Folktales
Different scholars classify folktales way. According to
Stancy Carney, the tales are derived into (Torres, 2003).
FOLKTALE
S
Cumulative Tales Talking Beast Tales Drolls and humurous
Realistic Tales Religious Tales
Romances Tales Pourqoui TalesTales of magic
Cumulative Tales
Cumulative Tales:
these have little plot
and lots of rhythm.
Events follow a logical
order in a pattern of
repetition.
Repetitive Tales - those
stories that have "add-
ons".
Chain Tales - those
stories that have pattern
that units the whole
story
Talking Beast Tales
Talking Beast Tales:
animals behave as
human. An example
is the story of Three
Little Pigs.
Drolls and Humorous
Drolls and Humorous:
are fun and nonsense
stories. The main
character makes silly
mistakes. The
characters are poor or
the lower classes of
society.
Realistic tales
Realistic Tales: the
characters, plot and
setting can be
possible in real
world.
Religious Tales
Religious Tales:
these are usually
didactic but can be
humorous.
Romances
Romances: lovers are
separated and
through magic and
impossible tasks are
again reunited.
Tales of Magic
Tales of Magic: a.k.a
fairy tales. Magic is
involved. The
characters come
from the upper
classes of society.
Pourqoui Tales
Pourqoui Tales: are
the "why" stories.
They try to explain
animal traits as well
as human behavior.
Tall Tales and Folktales
Tall tales do appear in other countries, but it is in the US that unforgettable heroes have appeared in these types of stories.
American tales have humor, courage and the spirit that pioneers must have to be able to survive the hostile enviroment.
GFT: The Symbolism
From the picture given, the students will recognize in what folktales did they
remember that symbolism or photo.
Folktales have some common basic
characteristics (Torres, 2003). They are the
following:
Characteristics of Folktales
Structure of plot
Structure of Plot. The characters are
presented in the beginning, the setting is
quickly established, the story contain conflict,
climax, falling action and conclusion.
characterization
Characterization. The characters are flat or
presented as one-dimensional (i.e. completely
good or bad).
STYles
Style: folktales of different cultures have their
own unique way of presenting their stories.
Example:
"Once upon a time..."
"There was a time...“
theme
Theme: The most common contemporary
understanding of theme is an idea or point that
is central to a story, which can often be
summed in a single word (e.g. love, death,
betrayal) (wikipedia.org).
The importance of love, courage, friendship is
many times presented in folktales.
MOTifs
Motifs: are basically the patterns seen in folktalessuch as:> The characters seen in folktales: wicked stepmothers, abused children, tricksters and the younger brother.> The supernatural beings:fairies, witches, giants> The magical objects: tablecloth that give food, mirror that speaks.> Enchantments: prince turned into a frog, lonh sleep over 100 years
Fable - a short story
that usually is about
animals and that is
intended to teach a
lesson (Merriam
Webster Dictionary).
Aesop - considered
as father of fables.
Characteristics of fables
• Stories are short.
• The stories have a lesson.
• Animals and natural elements can speak as
humans.
• Characters represent human characteristics
or behavior.
• Few characters appear in these stories.
• Plots usally present a single event.
MYTHs
Myths: a traditional story about superheroes or
supernatural being, often explaining the origins
of natural phenomena or aspect of human
behavior.
Creation Myths Nature Myths Hero Myths
MYTH
Creation Myth
Creation Myths: These stories explain how the
world and human was created.
Nature myths
Nature Myths: These are the stories that try to
explain why season changes.
Hero myths
Hero Myths: In these stories the hero must
accomplish some tasks.
Legends & epics
is a mixture of reality and fiction. Basically, legends start of from a real incident that through time transformed by imaginary events added by the narrator of the story.
Epics: a long narrative on a cycle of stories clustering around the actions of a single hero.
LEGENDS EPICS
EPICS in the philippines
LUZON
the Hudhud of the Ifugaothe pre-Hispanic epic poem Biag ni Lam-angthe Ullalim epic songs of the Kalingathe Ibalon epic from Bicol
WESTERN VISAYAS
the Hinilawod – the longest and oldest epic of the Hiligaynon people
MINDANAO
the Darangan of the Maranao (recognized by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity)