Types of GeographyTypes of Geography::Population GeographyPopulation Geography

Political GeographyPolitical GeographyUrban GeographyUrban Geography

Economic GeographyEconomic Geography

Population GeographyPopulation Geography Population Geography studies aspects of population such Population Geography studies aspects of population such

as birth and death rates, population distribution, and as birth and death rates, population distribution, and population density.population density.

BirthrateBirthrate is the number of births per thousand people is the number of births per thousand people

Mortality RateMortality Rate ( (also called also called Death RateDeath Rate) is the number of ) is the number of deaths per thousand peopledeaths per thousand people

Population DensityPopulation Density is the average number of people per is the average number of people per square milesquare mile

Carrying CapacityCarrying Capacity is the number of organisms a piece of is the number of organisms a piece of land can supportland can support

Population PyramidPopulation Pyramid

A A Population PyramidPopulation Pyramid is a graphic device is a graphic device that shows gender and age distribution of that shows gender and age distribution of a population a population

Political GeographyPolitical Geography

statestate is a political term used to describe an is a political term used to describe an independent unit that occupies a specific independent unit that occupies a specific territory and has full control of its internal and territory and has full control of its internal and external affairsexternal affairs

NationNation refers to a group of people with a refers to a group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity strong sense of unity

Both the terms Both the terms statestate and and nationnation can be used to can be used to describe a describe a countrycountry. .

Landlocked CountriesLandlocked Countries A A LandlockedLandlocked country is country is

one surrounded by other one surrounded by other land, with no direct outlet land, with no direct outlet to the sea. to the sea.

Landlocked countries must Landlocked countries must find ways to build find ways to build connections to the rest of connections to the rest of the world to get the world to get goods/people in and out of goods/people in and out of the country. the country.

Can you name the Can you name the landlocked countries in the landlocked countries in the map to the right? map to the right?

Types of GovernmentTypes of Government DemocracyDemocracy- Citizens hold political power, either directly or - Citizens hold political power, either directly or

through elected representatives (ex: the United States)through elected representatives (ex: the United States)

MonarchyMonarchy- A ruling family headed by a king or queen - A ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share the power holds political power and may or may not share the power with citizen bodies (ex: United Kingdom)with citizen bodies (ex: United Kingdom)

DictatorshipDictatorship- An individual or group holds complete - An individual or group holds complete political power. (ex: North Korea)political power. (ex: North Korea)

CommunismCommunism- A type of government and economic system - A type of government and economic system in which nearly all political power and means of production in which nearly all political power and means of production are held by the government in the name of all people. (ex: are held by the government in the name of all people. (ex: China)China)

Urban GeographyUrban Geography Urban GeographyUrban Geography is the study of how people use space in cities. is the study of how people use space in cities. SuburbsSuburbs are political units touching the borders of the central city (they are political units touching the borders of the central city (they

are within commuting distance from the city). are within commuting distance from the city).

ExurbsExurbs: :  a region or settlement that lies outside a city and usually beyond a region or settlement that lies outside a city and usually beyond its suburbs and that often is inhabited chiefly by well-to-do familiesits suburbs and that often is inhabited chiefly by well-to-do families

The city, its suburbs, and exurbs link together economically to form a The city, its suburbs, and exurbs link together economically to form a functional area called a functional area called a metropolitan areametropolitan area..

The dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that The dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result is called result is called urbanization.urbanization.

The commercial core of a city is called the The commercial core of a city is called the Central Business District Central Business District (CBD)(CBD).. The CBD is in the center of the city and is the key area for The CBD is in the center of the city and is the key area for business and commercial activity (ex: downtown Atlanta)business and commercial activity (ex: downtown Atlanta)

Economic GeographyEconomic Geography An An economyeconomy consists of the production and exchange consists of the production and exchange

of goods and services among a group of people. of goods and services among a group of people.

There are There are 4 types of economic systems4 types of economic systems::

1)1) Traditional EconomyTraditional Economy2)2) Command EconomyCommand Economy3)3) Mixed EconomyMixed Economy4)4) Market EconomyMarket Economy

-This is the type of economic system found in -This is the type of economic system found in the the United States, where production of goods and United States, where production of goods and services is determined by the demand from the services is determined by the demand from the consumers. consumers.