types of addresses. 1.ip addresses 2. mac addresses

Types Of Addresses

1. IP Addresses

2. MAC Addresses

IP (Internet Protocol)

What Is IP (Internet Protocol) ?

Any protocol that is the part of the TCP/IP protocol stack.

It is also the network protocol.

IP provides features for addressing.

IP Addresses

IP Addresses assigned to hosts using the TCP/IP suite of protocols

IP addresses are of 32-bits

IP addresses have two portions A . Network Portion

B . Host Portion

Example

042-7706570

042 = is network portion and it remains same throughout the network.

7706570 = is host portion and it varies from host to host.

Range Of Decimal Values

An IP address is expressed as Four decimal values in the range of

0 to 255

Dotted Decimal Notations

These decimal values each represents Eight bits of the 32-bits address, known as an OCTET. This is called Dotted Decimal Notation.

Example

155.127.231.124

Classification Of IP Addresses

Class Range Uses Network Portion

Host Portion

Class A 1-126 Data Communication

8-bits 24-bits

Class B 128-191 Data Communication

16-bits 16-bits

Class C 192-223 Data Communication

24-bits 8-bits

Class D 224-239 Multi Casting

Class E 240-255 Research and Testing

Note :

Value 127 is not in any class it is reserved for Loop Back Testing It is used for checking of TCP/IP Stack on PC

How it is Standard Minimum Value is 0 and Maximum Value is 255

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ON Bits

OFF Bits

Adding all Decimal Values when all bits ON Maximum Value is 255

Adding all Decimal Values when all bits OFF Minimum Value is 0

IP 124.192.135.159/8 Network Portion = 8-Bits Host Portion = 24-Bits

Network Portion Host Portion Host Portion Host Portion

1st Octet 2nd Octet 3rd Octet 4th Octet

IP Address 124 192 135 159

Binary 01111100 11000000 10000111 10011111

Subnet mask 255 00000000 00000000 00000000

Binary 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000

Network ID 124 192 00000000 00000000

Binary 01111100 11000000 00000000 00000000

IP Address 124.192.135.159

Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0

Network ID 124.0.0.0




IP Address 189 200 191 239

Binary 10111101 11001000 10111111 11101111

Subnet mask 255 255 00000000 0000000

Binary 11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000

Network ID 189 200 00000000 00000000

Binary 10111101 11001000 10111111 11101111

IP Address 189.200.191.239


Network ID 189.200.0.0




IP Address 193 220 164 223

Binary 11000001 11011100 10100100 11011111

Subnet mask 255 255 255 00000000

Binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000

Network ID 193 220 164 00000000

Binary 11000001 11011100 10100100 11011111

IP Address 193.220.164.223


Network ID 193.220.164.0

IP ADDRESSES SUBNET MASK NETWORK ADRESSES

No Communication Occurred

Q: When Two Computers are connected then Communication Occurred ?

We Should have to follow some rule and regulations

IP Address 5.1.1.1


Network ID 5.0.0.0

IP Address 5.1.1.2


Network ID 5.0.0.0

Communication Will Start

Q : When IP addresses are of same Class and Network ID are same then will Communication Start ?

Communication will be occurred when IP are of same Classes and their Network ID are Same of both computers

Class A Class A

IP Address 6.1.1.1


Network ID 6.0.0.0

IP Address 5.1.1.2


Network ID 5.0.0.0

No Communication will Start

Q: When IP addresses are of same Class but Network ID are Different will Communication Start ?

When ever Two Computers are connected Back to Back and their Network ID are not same Communication will not be occurred even IP are of same Classes.

Class A Class A

Because

Then How Different Networks Communicate

Routers are Used To Communicate

Different Networks

IP Address 6.1.1.1


Network ID 6.0.0.0

IP Address 5.1.1.2


Network ID 5.0.0.0

Now Communication will Start

Communication will because ROUTER are used to Communicate Different Networks

Class A Class B

Because

types of addresses. 1.ip addresses 2. mac addresses

Documents

bits ip addresses

network protocol

ip address124

ip address189

ip address193

host portion slide

ip internet protocol

bits address