twentieth critical bibliography of the history and philosophy of science and of the history of...

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Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926) Author(s): George Sarton Source: Isis, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Feb., 1927), pp. 145-214 Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/224186 . Accessed: 16/06/2014 02:18 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. . The University of Chicago Press and The History of Science Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Isis. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 195.34.79.20 on Mon, 16 Jun 2014 02:18:14 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

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Page 1: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the Historyof Civilization. (To May 1926)Author(s): George SartonSource: Isis, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Feb., 1927), pp. 145-214Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/224186 .

Accessed: 16/06/2014 02:18

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

.JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range ofcontent in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new formsof scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

.

The University of Chicago Press and The History of Science Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize,preserve and extend access to Isis.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 195.34.79.20 on Mon, 16 Jun 2014 02:18:14 AMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

Page 2: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the

History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization.

(to May 1926)

This Twentieth Bibliography contains 535 items. Some of the notes were contributed by T. L. DAVIS (Cambridge, Mass.), L. GUINET (Brus- sels), H. METZGER (Paris), D. E. SMITH (New York), H. WIELEITNER

(Munich), J. K. WRIGHT (New York). An author's index will be found at the end. For general information

on this undertaking see the Prefaces to the Sixteenth and Eighteenth Bibliogr.aphies, in Isis VII, 172-4, 1925; VIII, 526-8, 1926.

I wish to emphasize the fact that there is no relation between the length of a note and the importance of a work. It often happens that a very important publication can be dealt with very briefly; it happens equally often that a relatively unimportant publication requires a much

longer explanation. The reader will notice that a few items are preceded by an (*) aste-

risk. This means that the item is quoted secondhand and that I had no sufficient means of checking it. This system will be applied in a moderate way, and only in the case of publications which seem impor- tant and yet are difficult to reach. The purpose is to help the reader

pending the time which may elapse before more correct information is obtained.

The present bibliography contains the second supplement to the writer's Introduction to the History of Science, vol. 1, Washington 1927.

The ultimate aims of this undertaking are : (1) to establish the His-

tory of Science as an independent discipline; (2) to demonstrate induc-

tively the Unity of Knowledge and the Unity of Mankind; (3) to serve as a center of information and rallying ground to the scholars engaged in our studies. I can not succeed entirely without their assistance, and they can help me in many ways. To serve them, as well as I can, is both my duty and my pleasure. Critical work must be approached in a spirit of service or left untouched.

Harvard Library, Room 185

Cambridge, 38, Massachusetts. GEORGE SARTON. June 23, 1926.

VOL. IX- 1 10

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Page 3: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

IX C. B. C., VIII C B. C.

List of facsimiles.

The four facsimiles printed on plates 5, 6, 7, 8 refer to L. C. KARPINSKI'S paper on the earliest known American arithmetic (see under XVIIth century A, below). We owe them to the courtesy of the author, of the Garcia Library in Austin, Texas, and of the John Carter Brown Library in Providence, Rhode Island. P1. 5. Earliest known American arithmetic, Mexico City, 1649.

Title page. P1. 6. Idem. Page 13. Division by 60. P1. 7. Idem. Page 58 verso. P1. 8. Title page of another early American arithmetical work,

published in Mexico City in 1675 by BENITO FERNANDEZ DE

BELO. This book is devoted not to arithmetic proper, but , to the formation of companies of soldiers in squares, in hollow squares, in hexagonal formation and in other

strange geometrical forms ,,.

PART I

Fundamental Classification (centurial).

Books and papers relative to a period longer than one century but not longer than two are also included in Part I. They are then classified under the most important of both centuries; I mean that one wherein their center of gravity falls. There can be no objection to this, for no one interested in one Iparticular century, say the xtnith, can possibly avoid reading the notes concerning the two adjoining centuries, the xitth and xivth.

It will be observed that the part dealing with the period extending from the Ivth century B. C. to the xIth century inclusive is divided into half-century periods. Thus for every one of those centuries there are (or may be) three sections: the first dealing with the whole century, the second, with the first half, the third with the second half. This has been done te make comparisons with volume I of SARTON'S Introduction to the History of Science (1927) more easy.

IXth Century B. C.

Boiling, George Melville. The external evidence for interpolation in HOMER. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1926. ISTs

VlIIlth Century B. C.

Lippmann, Edmund 0. von. Abbildung des iiltesten bisher bekannten Riibenbauers. Deutsche Ziickerindustrie, S. 169, 1926. isis

Portrait of MERODACHBALADAN, King of Babylonia from 722 to 711 B. C., with whom the history of beet culture begins. G. S.

146

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Page 4: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

VII C. B. C., VI C. B. C., V C. B. C.

Vllth Century B. C.

Lofthouse, William Frederick. JEREMIAH and the new covenant. VI +- 222 p. London, Student Christian Movement, 1925. Isis

Thompson, R. Campbell. On the chemistry of the ancient Assyrians. 157 typewritten mimeographed pages, 6 plates of Cuneiform texts. 32 cm. London, LUZAC, 1925. ISIs

This is a companion volume to the author's Assyrian herbal, Lon- don 1925, reviewed in Isis, VIII, 506-8. The tablets published, trans- lated and discussed in the present volume, date from the period of ASHURBANIPAL (667-626 B. C.) and deal chiefly with the methods used by the Assyrians of that time to make glass and to color it in various ways. They not only give the Assyrian names for the different kinds of glass and glazes, but also the actual formulae for their manufacture. As this book will be consulted by a number of scholars who have no notion whatever of how glass is made the author has had the good idea of including a summary of (( the modern technical processes of making glass compared with the ancient ). However, for the average historian of science the difficulty is not chemical but philologic, and he will have no means of appreciating the value of CAMIPBELL'S work. In the last analysis it is only the Assyriologist who can pronounce a well considered judgment. The work is divided as follows : 1. Introductory; 2. Meaning of the ancient word abnu, stone; 3. Cuneiform tablets relating to the manu- facture of glass; 4. Modern technical processes; 5. Ancient components; (i. Coloring of glass; 7. Assyrian glass; 8. The alkali in Assyrian glass; 9. The sand, id.; 10. The lime, id.; 11. Details of glass manufacture; 12. Assyrian methods of making glass; 13. The simplest Assyrian glaze; 14. The Assyrian glass sirsu and dusu 15. Arsenic; 16. Barumnu (?), iron rust (?); 17. Summary of the preceding identifications; 18. Other forms of glass; 19. Making of copper scale; 20. Uknf merku; 21. Pale blue (?) glass; 22. Ferric oxide; 23. Red-purple; 24. Bronze inlay; Sections 25 to 44. Translation of the texts with notes. Addenda. Bibliography. Indices (General, Assyrian and Sumerian, Hebrew and Aramaic, Syriac, Arabic). It is not too much to say that this book opens a new chapter in the history of chemistry, but many more studies by chemists and Assyrio- logists are needed before that chapter can be satisfactorily written. A long review has been published by E. J. HOLMYARD in Nature, volume 116, 703-4, 1925, and a shorter one, by JULIUS RUSKA in Mitteitutgen zur Geschichte der Medizin, volume 25, 82, 1926. I understand that the latter is preparing a more elaborate study on the subject. G. S.

VIth Century B. C.

Grimm, George. The doctrine of the Buddha, the religion of reason. Leipzig, W. DRUGULIN, 1926. - Die Wissenschaft des Buddhismus, 525 p. Leipzig, W. DRUGULIN, 1926. ISIS

Vth Century B. C.

Abbott, George Frederick. THUCYDIDES : a study in historical reality. vii + 240 p. London, ROUTLEDGE. 1926. ISIS

Oils, J. B. F. van. HIPPOCRATES op bezoek bij DEMOCRITUS. Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der geneeskunde, 6, 37-40, 2 fig., 1926. Isis

Qoldman, Emil. Die Duenos-Inschrift. xvI + 176 S., 2 Taf. Heidel- berg, CARL WINTER, 1926. ISIS

147

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Page 5: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

IV C. B. C., III C. B. C

L'auteur fait remonter l'inscription du curieux vase trijumelle du Vatican, connue sous le nom d'inscription de Duenos, aux environs des annees 450-400; il admet le caractere magique de ce vaisseau triple. L'etude philologique de l'inscription occupe les deux tiers du volume.

L. G.

Lechat, Henri. PHIDIAS et la sculpture grecque au Ve siecle. Edition nouvelle: 195 p. Paris, E. DE BOCCARD, 1924. Isis

Reviewed in Journal des Savants, 23, 275-6, 1925, by A. MELUN. First edition, Paris, Librairie de lArt ancien et moderne, 1906.

Sargent, Rachel Louisa. The size of the slave population at Athens during the fifth and fourth centuries before Christ. University of Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences, vol. 12, 3, 136 p. Urbana, University of Illinois, 1924. Tsis

Reviewed by W. S. FETGUSON in The American Historical Review, 31, 501-2, 1926.

IV th Century B. C. (second half).

Lorimer, William Latighton. Some notes on the text of PSEUDo-ARIs- TOTLE ,, De Mundo ,. xi+ 148 p. London, MILFORD, 1925. tsis

See Isis, VII, 177.

Solovine, Maurice. EPICURE Doctrines et maximes, traduites d'apres le texte critique le plus r6cent. vIi -+ 128 p., F. ALCAN, Paris. 1925. Isis

Le titre de (( Doctrines et Maximes )), emprunte la vie d'EpicuRE de DIOGONE LAERCE, dont la traduction ouvre le livre de SOLOVINE, couvre les trois lettres d'EpicuRE et les quarante maximes qui nous ont ete con- servees par DIOGENE LAERCE, ainsi que quatre-vingt-une maximes decou- vertes en 1888 par J. C. WOTIcE dans la Bibliotheque du Vatican, et qui n'avaient, je crois, jamais et5 traduites en francais. L'auteur suit le texte critique etabli par P. VON DER MUHLL en 192.2 (Isis, VI, 139), qui mar- quait un progres riel sur celui d'HERMANN USENE (1887), d'ailleurs 6tabli avant la decouverte de WOTKE, mais qui reste l'ouvrage le plus riche en documents sur EPICURE et sa doctrine. La lettre adress6e 'a HeRODOTE traite de la ( physique )); la lettre a PHYTOCLES est un petit traite des phlnomnenes c6elestes; et la troisieme, adressee a MENCiEE, contient ( les principes necessaires pour vivre comme il faut ). L. G.

*Stiimfler. Heinrich Die Kcnntnisse des ti.crischen K5rpers bei ARISTOTELES unter besonderer Berticksichtigung der Veterinarchi- rurgie. EICHSTAETT, Bronner, (Diss. Milnchen) 1925. is

IIrd Century B. C. (second half).

Archimedes. Ueber schwimmende Korper und die Sandzahl. lUbers. u. m. Anm. versehen von A. CZWALINA. (Ostwalds Klass. Nr. 213). Leipzig, 82 S , 8?. Akad. Verl Ges., 1925. 1s8s

Mit diesem nun wieder ganz friedensmaissig ausgestatteten (freilich auch entsprechend teuren) Bdchn. beschliesst der Verfasser seine neue Archimedes-Uebersetzung, die in den Nrn. 201, 202, 203, 213 jetzt voll- standig vorliegt. Die allgemeinen Bemerkungen hat er getrennt verSffent- licht (s. Isis, VIII, 734). Da die alteren deutschen Uebersetzungen sich kaum noch in privaten Handen befinden, wird das iieue Unternehmen doch vielen von Nutzen sein. H. W.

148

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Page 6: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

C. B . I C., II C. , Ill C

Oldham, R. D. The loculus of ARCHIMEDES. Nature, 117, 337-8, 1926. ISIS

Walleser, Max. Das Edikt von Bhabra. Zur Kritik und Geschichte. (Materialien zur Kunde des Buddhismus, Heft 1), 20 S. Leipzig, OTTO HARItASSOWITZ. 1923. Isis

Walleser, Max. Nochinals das Edikt von Bhabra, (Materialien zur Kunde des Btddhismus, Heft 9), 23 S. Heidelberg, 1925. Isis

1st Century B. C. (second half).

Masson, Louis. Notes medicales sur VIRGILE. Aesculape, 16, 19-23, 1926. Isis

Ist Century (first half).

Goguel, Maurice. Jesus the Nazarene -myth or history? Trans- lated by FREDERICK STEPHENS. 247 p. London. FISHER UNWIN, 3 926. ?ISIf

The original French edition, Paris, 1925, was reviewed in Isis, VIII, 167.

Klausner, Joseph. JESUS of Nazareth: his times, his life and his teaching. Translated from the original Hebre-w by HERBERT DANBY. 434 p. New York, MACMILLAN, 1925. , Is8

lst Century (second half).

Bacon, Benjamin Wisner. The gospel of MARK : its composition and date. ix + 340 p. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1925.

IsIS

Bailey, Kenneth C. The pigments of the ancient Romans as described in the Natural History of the ELDER PLINY. Chemistry and Industry, 44, 1135, 1925. Isis

Rawlinson, Alfred Edward John St. MARK. With introduction, commentary and additional notes. London, METHIUEN, 1926.

lInd Century (first half).

Ldvi, Sylvain PTOLEMEE, le Niddesa et la Brhatkatha. Etudes Asia- tiques, vol. 2, 1-55, 431-32, Paris 1925 1 s1

Memoire important qui confirme 1'exactitude de PTOLP1MtE et la vera- cite de ses informations sur l'Inde Transgangetique, et nous permet de dater approximativement le Maha Niddesa, qui fait partie du canon pali: cet ouvrage doit se placer entre la fin du Ier siecle et aa fin du :le.

G. S.

lInd Century (second half).

Charnwood, Oodfrey Rathbone Benson, 1st baron. According to ST. JOHN. XI + 275 p. London, HODDER and SHOUGHTON, 1925.

ST8

IlIrd Century (first half).

Faye, Eugene de. ORIGENE, sa vie, son oeuvre. sa pensee. Tome I. Sa biographie et ses ecrits. (Bibliotheque de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes. Sciences religieuses, 37). x +243 p. Paris, LEROUX, 1923.

1818

Reviewed in Journal des Savants, 23, 241-252, 1925, by PAUL MON- CEAUX. See Isis. VII, 181.

149

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Page 7: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

III C., IV C., V C., VII C.

IlIrd Century (second half).

Diophantos. Les six livres arithmetiques et le livre des nombres polygones. (Euvres traduites pour la premiere fois du grec en francais, avec une introduction et des notes par PAUL VER EECKE. (Ouvrage publie sous les auspices de la Fondation universitaire de Belgique). 392 p.. 10 fig. Bruges, DESC.EE, DE BROUWER, 1926.

)S3I

Compte rendu de H. BOSM.IANS in Revue des Questions scientifiques, 20 avril 1926, 443-456.

IVth Century.

Eitrem, S. Papyri Osloenses. Fasc. I. Magical papyri, 151 p., 13 plates Det Norske Videnskaps Akademi i Oslo. (The Aca- demy of Science and Letters of Oslo), 1925. is,S

Edition of five Greek papyri of the ivth century plus a very brief one of the i1nd century (a horoscope of the year 154 A. D.). By far the longest (12 p. out of 16) and the most interesting, is the first papyrus, which is Englished and elaborately discussed; the commentary covers 112 large pages. This is a very important contribution to the study of Roman Egyptian magic. This papyrus contains magic recipes to restrain wrath, secure benevolence, dywyai, i. e. procedures to bring the beloved one to the lover (the opposite is droroouTrr), burnt offerings, prayers, remedies to break spells, to open the genitals of a woman, to open a door, to prevent conception, etc. The author's commentary includes abundant references to other texts of the same kind. Excellent facsimiiles (pap. 1 contains some very crude drawings), glossaries and indices. G. S.

IVth Century (second half).

(Basilius, Saint, bishop of Caesarea c. 330-79). The ascetic works of ST BAS11. Translated into English with introduction and notes by WILLIAM KEMP LOWTHER CLARKE. 362 p. London, S. P. C. K., 1925. Isis

Vth Century (first half).

Ilberg, Johannes. Vorliufiges zu CAELIUS AURELIANUS. Berichte fiber die Verhandluzngen der Sachsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig. Philologisch-historische Klasse. 77. Band, 1. Heft, 1925. 18 S. Leipzig, S HIRZEI,, 1925. ISIB

Notes preparatory to the edition of the complete text. A specimen of that text-fragments from Book V of Tardae passiones-is added.

G. S.

Vlth Century (first half).

(Var&hamihira). Das grosse Buch der Nativitatslehre (BrihatJataka). Nach der englischen Uebersetzungen von N. CHIDAMBARAM JYER ins Deutsche iibersetzt and bearbeitet von WILHELM WULFF. 200 S. Hamburg, ATAiR Verlag, 1925. Isis

Vllth Century (first half).

Casanova, Paul (1861-1926) L'incendie de la Bibliotheque d'Alexan- drie par les Arabes. C. R. de l'Academie des Inscriptions 1923, 163-71. i9s8

150

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Page 8: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

VIII C., X C., XI C.

Prouve le caractere lgendaire de cette tradition, qui est de pros de six siecle,s poste'rieure i l'Sevnement pretendu: on la trouve pour la (premiere fois dans 'ABD AL-LATIF, 1203. G. S.

Foucher, A. Notes sur l'itineraire de IIUAN-TSANG en Afghanistan. Etudes asiatiques, vol. 1., 257-84, 3 cartes, Paris 1925. Iass

Lammens, Henri. (S. J.). La cite arabe de Taif a la veille de l'Hegire. Melanges de l' Universite Saint-Joseph, t. 8, 115-327, 1922. IsrI

Vlllth Century.

Oehman, Henri S. The Arabic Bible in Spain. Speculum, 1, 219-21, 1926. Isis

Vlllth Century (second half).

Holmyard, E. J. JABIR IBN HAYYAN. Chemistry and Industry. 44, 1111. 1925. Isis

Comments on DARMSTAnETER'S discovery of a Latin version of the Kitiab al-Rahma (Book of Mercy), originally written by a disciple of JABIR, in the same manuscript (Florence, xmIth century, Codex Riccardianus 933) and' in the same hand as GEBEiB'S Summa perfectionis and the Liber Gebri de investigatione perfectionis magisterii. Further evidence of the pro- bable identity of JABIB and GEBET. See Isis, VIII, 737. T. L. D.

Xth Century (first half).

Wiedemann, Eilhard. Zur nabataischen Landwirtschaft von IBN WAHSCiHJA Zeitschrift fur Semitistik und verwandte Gebiete. Band 1, 201-202, Leipzig, 1922. 18I

Brief note to show that the famous agricultural work of IBN WVAHSHiYA contains also much information of technologicail interest. G. S.

Xth Century (second half).

Maspero, (eorges. La geographie politique de l'Indochine aux environs de 960 A. D. Etudes Asiatiques, vol. 2, 79-125, 1 carte; Paris 1925.

ISI

(Murasaki, Lady Shlkibu. d. 992). The sacred tree: being the second part of the Tale of Genji. Translated from the Japanese by ARTHUR WALEY. London, ALLEN and IJNwIN, 1926. Is,s

Xlth Century (first half).

(cAbdu 'I-Razzaq al-Ras'ani). An abridgement of AL-BAGHDADi's characteristics of Muslim sects (al-farq bayn al-firaq). Edited by PHILIP K. HITTI. 205 p. Cairo, Hilal Press, 1924. 18is

Reviewed in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 542, 1925, by R. A. NICHOLSON. AL-BAGHDADI died in 1037. See Isis, IV, 63.

(al.Birfini) India (Ta'rikh al-hind). An account of the religion, philo- sophy, literature, chronology, astronomy, customs, laws and astrology of India about. A. D. 1030. Ed. in the Arabic original by E. SACHAU. Reprint of the edition : London 1887. (Manul- druck). XLI + 567 p. Leipzig, HARRASSOWITZ, 1925. IsIs

151

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Page 9: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

Hoffmann, Paul Theodor. Der mittelalterliche Mensch, gesehen aus Welt und Umwelt Notkers des Deutschen. 356 p. Gotha, F. A. PERTHES, 1922. IsIS

Schoy, Carl. AL-BiRUNi's method of approximation of chord 40?. The American Mathematical Monthly, 33, 95-6, 1926. isis

Thalbitzer, William. HANS PETER STEENSBY'S paper on the Norsemen's route from Greenland to Wineland. Annaes do XX Congresso Internacional de Americanistas realizado no Rio de Janeiro, de 20 a 30 de Agosto de 1922, pp. 99-102. Rio de Janeiro, Imprensa Nacional, 1924. Isls

Xllth Century.

(Apulelus Barbarus). The herbal of APULEIUS BARBARUS, from the early twelfth-century manuscript formerly in the Abbey of Bury St. Edmunds (MS. Bodley 130). Described by Dr. ROBERT T. GUNTHER. Dedicated and presented to the President and Members of the Roxburghe Club by EDWARD GEORGE SPENCER-CHURCHILL, 1925. Iiss

Coulter, Cornelia C. and Magoun, F. P., Jr. GIRALDUS CAMBRENSIS on Indo-Germanic Philology. Speculum, 1, 104-109, 1926. Isis

Oriscom, Acton. The date of composition of GEOFFREY OF MONMOUTH'S Historia: new manuscript evidence. Speculum, 1, 129-156, 1926.

181S

The work was completed in 1136. G. S.

((uibert of Nogent). The autobiography of GUIBERT; Translated by C. C. SWINTON BLAND. With an introduction by G. G. COULTON. (Broadway Translations). London, ROUTLEDGE, 1925. ,sis

Holmyard, E. J. A romance of Chemistry. Chemistry and Industry, vol. 44, 75, 105, 136, 272, 300, 327; 1925. 1isi

The De Compositione alchemiae of MORIENus, which was translated into Latin on February 11, 1144, tby ROBERTUS CASTEENSIS (of Chester) is here printed in full for the first time in English in the quaint language of a seventeenth century English translation which is preserved in the British Museum (Sloane MS. 3697). HOLMYARD says, (( The work as it stands is certainly not a literal translation from the Arabic, but it is based upon an Arabic original, and many passages in it are found in Arabic works on chemistry. It may be taken as representing the state of the Khalid-Morienus legend in the twelfth century of our era )).

T. L. D.

Xlllth Century.

Galbralth, 0. R. The constitution of the Dominican Order from 1216 to 1360. (Publications of the University of Manchester, Historical series, 44). Manchester University Press, 1925. SISP

Herbst, Hermann. Der Berichtdes Franziskaners WILHELM VON RUBRUK uiber seine Reise in das Innere Asiens in den Jahren 1253-1255. Erste vollstiindige Uebersetzung aus dem lateinischen, herausge- geben und bearbeitet. xxvii + 200 p. Leipzig, 1925. 1sis

152 XII C., XIII C.

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Page 10: Twentieth Critical Bibliography of the History and Philosophy of Science and of the History of Civilization. (To May 1926)

Mann. Horace Kinder. The lives of the Popes in the Middle Ages. Vol. XIII (1216-41). London, KEGAN PAUL, 1925. ilai

Reinach, Salomon. L'enigme de SIGER. Revue historique, 151, 34-46, 1926 Is's

C DANTE doit ' SIGEB (DE BRABANT) et a renu de lui, en Italie, sa pre- miere education theologique, patristique et philosophique; c'est par SIGEi

qu'il a connu THOMAS (D'AQUIN) et ALBERT (LE GRAND), les deux guides, avec VIRGILE, de sa pensee. > L. G.

Thorndike, Lynn. Public readings of new works in medieval univer- sities. Speculum, 1. 101-103, 221, 1926. sis8

( An interesting practice in the medieval universities which appears to have hitherto been little known or noted in modern accounts of them, is that of public recital by the author before the entire academic body, both faculty and students, of a newly composed work. During the past year I have run across three-or rather, five-instances of this custom, all from the thirteenth century, and it would seem to have been a not uncommon observance. )

XIVth Century.

Barbot, Andre. Traite de la Peste compose en 1376 par JEAN JAUME. (These). 39 p Montpellier, 1923. xsis

Brusendorff, Aage. The CHAucER tradition. 5 facsimile plates. London, MILFORD. 1925. ISIs

Darmstaedter, Ernst. Liber claritatis totius alkimicae artis. Bologna Cod. lat 164 (153). Archivio di storia d. scienza, 6, 319 330, 1925.

I818

Edition partielle, avec notes, d'un mannscrit latin provenant de la

bibliotheque de l'Universite de Bologne, qui est certainement une traduc- tion, ou tout au moins une interpretation assez libre d'un original arabe, peut-etre de GEBEn. Voici les titres des chapitres reproduits : de subli- matione mercurii; de sublimatione arsenici, de certitudine artis; de narra- tione quam facit actor; de lapide absconso; de disputatione philosopho- rum; de uitriolo et alumine; de uitriolo; de alumine et uirtute sua.

L. G. Jeanselmne, E. et Oeconomos, L. Des signes du zodiaque et de leur

influence sur les quatre humeurs de l'organisme, (d'apres la figure du Codex Gr. Paris, 36, xive et xve siecles). Aesculape, avril 1926, 108-1 1 O. IsI8

Reproduction et description d'une image coloriee de la sphere celeste qui orne le folio 218 du manuscrit grec 36 de la Bibliotheque nationale.

L. G.

Jeanselmne, E. et Oeconomos, L. HIPPOCRATE represente sous les traits d'un medecin uroscope. Aesculape, avril 1926. 110-111. T8TS

Reproduction et description d'une figure du manuscrit grec 36 de la BiMliotheque nationale, folio 29. L. G.

Lint, J. 0. De. Afbeeldingen uit de handschriften van GUY DE CHAU- LIAC. Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der geneeskunde, 6, 25-36, 5 fig., 1926. ISIS

Norlind, Arnold. DANTE som geograf och medeltidens behandling av fragan om vattem och land. Ymer, 1924. Pp. 260-278, 7 figs.

IS18

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Renaudet, A. Les influences orientales dans la Divine Comedie et dans la peinture toscane a propos de deux livres recents. Revue de syn- these historique, 40, 85-103, 1925. ISIS

A propos of GUSTAVE SOULIER. Les influences orientales dans la pein- ture toscane. 447 p., 48 pl., 132 fig. Paris, LAURENS, 1924, and MIGUEL ASIN PALACIOS. La escatologia musulmana en la Divina Comedia. 403 p. Madrid, 1919. (Isis, VI, 151.)

XVth Century.

Champion, Pierre. Histoire poetique du xve siecle. (Bibliotheque du XVe siecle, t. 27-28). T. 1, xni + 396 p.; t. 2, 476 p., 60 pl. Paris, CHAMPION, 1923. 1818

Choulant, Ludwig. Graphische Inkunabeln fur Naturgeschiehte und Medizin. (Leipzig, 1858). Neudruck, 188 p. Miinchen, Verlag der Miinchener Drucke, 1926. 1818

Ferrigni, Mario. ALDO MANUZIO. Milan, Edizioni Alpes. 1926. ,Iss

Fischer, Hermann. VITUS AuSLASSER, der erste bayrische Botaniker und die Beziehungen seines Herbarius von 1479 zu den Anfangen der bayrischen Botanik. Nach dem Cod. lat. 5905 der Miinchener Staatsbibliothek herausgegeben. Bayer. Botan. Ges. zur Erfor- schung d. heim. Flora, 18, Heft 1, 32 S., 1925. s18I

Reproducing the text of that very interesting herbal with identification of the plants, 198 in number, and brief notes. Indices of Latin and German plant names. Some of the plants were drawn from other books, but others, found by AUSLASSER in the neighborhood of his convent, were drawn from nature. VITUs AUSLASSER originated from Vomp near Schwaz in Tirol; he flourished at the monastery of Ebersberg near Munich. Important ,publication, but the lack of illustrations is regret- table. For previous publication of same author on same subject, see Isis, VII, 540. G. S.

larber, Josef. Die Reisen des FELIX FABER durch Tirol in den Jahren 1483 und 1484. Aus dem Lateinischen ilbersetzt mit einem Anhang. (Schlern-Schriften, herausgegeben von R. v. KLEBELS- BERG). 55 p. Innsbruch-Mulnchen, Ulniversitatsverlag, WAGNER, 1923. Is818

Larsen, Sofus. Discovery of the North-American mainland twenty years before CoIxUMBUS. Congres international des Americanistes. Compte-rendu de la XXle session, 2e partie, tenue a Goteborg en 1924. Goteborg Museum, 1925, pp. 285-293. 181s

Brief statement of thesis discussed in book by author reviewed in Isis, VII, 541, 1925. See also various papers in the ethnollogical section of this bibliography. J. K. W.

*H1lIn, Maurice. La clef des songes. Fac-similes, notes et liste des edi- tions incunables. 99 p. Paris, DROZ et NOURRY, 1925. Isis

Klebs, Arnold C. und Sudhoff, Karl. Die ersten gedruckten Pest- schriften. Geschichtliche und bibliographische JUntersuchungen. Der Ulmer Stadtarzt und Schriftsteller Doctor HEINRICH STEIN- HOWEL. Faksimile von STEINHOWEL'S Bfichlein der Pestilenz. Ulm 1473. 200 p., 24 pl Miinchen, Verlag der Miinchener Drucke, 1926. sis8

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Pereyra, Carlos. La conquete des routes oceaniques d'HENRI LE NAVI- GATEUR a MAGELLAN. 211 p. Paris, Societe d'Edition ,, Les Belles Lettres ,,, 1923. I8Si

Pleasantly written volume of haute vulgarisation, including chapters on the work of HENRY THE NAVIGATOR, on the travels of Sir JOHN MANDE- ViLLE and their historical sources, on shipbuilding and navigation in the period, and on COLUMBUS, VESPUCCI, VASCO DA GAMA, and MAGELLAN.

J. K. W.

Stillwell, Margaret Bingham. The Annmary Brown memorial. A descriptive essay. 24 p. Providence, Trustees of the Annmary Brown Memorial, 1925. Isis

Pleasant descriptions of the famous library of incunabula in Provi- dence, Rhode Island. It was collected mainly by RUSH CHRISTOPHER HAWKINS (1831-1920), and the library named after his wife's maiden name, ANNMARY BROWN (1837-1907). G. S.

Struik, D. J. PAULUS VAN MIDDELBURG (1445-1533). Meded. Nederl. Hist. Inst., 5. Deel. S. 79-118, 's-Gravenhage, M. NIJHOFF, 1925.

See Isis, VIII, 544.

Thorndike, Lynn. The arithmetic of JEHAN ADAM, 1475 A. D. The American Mathematical Monthly, 33, 24-28, 1926. ISIs

Ste Genevibve. Ms. francais 3143. ( It is interesting to associate this arithmetic of JEHAN ADAM composed in 1475, with the impor- tant Triparty of NICHOLAS CHUQUET, finished in 1484. Both works were thus composed within a decade of each other, both were written in French and by authors intimately connected with Paris, and they are the first two works known to employ the terms, billion and trillion. There is another similarity and sign of close connection between them. The master BARTHOLOM EW, (( DES ROMANIS ) or ( DES ROUMANIS )), whom JEHAN ADAM mentioned at least twice, is also cited and a passage from his work criticized in the appendix to CHUQUET'S Triparty, where he is called ' MAISTRE BERTHELEMY DE ROMANS, formerly of the Order of Friars Preachers at Valence and doctor in theology'. Similarly JEHAN ADAM spoke of him as 'professeur en la saincte escripture'. What was the debt of our two authors to this BARTHOLOMEW and can his own work be recovered? )

Thorndike, Lynn. Medicine versus law in late Medieval and Medicean Florence. The Romanic Review, vol. 17, 8-31, 1926. ISIS

Discussion of four treatises dealing with the question whether medi- cine is superior to law or not, which seems to have been a favorite theme of scholastic disputation in the XIVth and xvth century Florence. These treatises are: COLUCCIO SALUTATI. Tractatus de nobilitate legum et medicinae, 1399 (Printed, Venice, 1542) (the oldest and Rongest of the four treatises); JOHN BALDUS. Disputatio an medicina sit legibus poli- ticis preferenda vel econtra, 1415 (much the shortest); JOHN OF AREzzo. De medicina et legum prestantia, soon after 1469; POGGIO BRACCOOLINI. One of three brief dialogues of the Historia tripartita, written 1450, printed in 1513. These scholastic discussions would be of very little interest to the historian of science but for the light they throw, inci- dentally, upon such subjects as (( legal and medical practice, the employ- ment of torture, the legal regulation of the medicall profession, the rela- tions between surgeons and physicians, the prevalence of dissections, and of popular healers and quackery and superstition )). G. S.

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Wickershelmer, Ernest. Notes sur deux manuscrits provenant du monastere de Frenswegen. Bulletin de la soc. franc. d'hist. de la med., 19, 369-375, 1925. IS'S

Wickersheimer, Ernest. Recettes contre la peste extraites d'un Ms du xve sicle ayant appartenu a l'abbaye de Maulbronn. Janus, 30, 1-7. 1926 l,s,

Dix textes latins, dont certains n'ont que quelques lignes, extraits du manuscrit 20 de la Bibliotheque universitaire et regionale de Stras- bourg, manuscrit provenant de l'abbaye de Maulbronn (Wiirtemberg), et renfermant le ( Compendium de epidemia )) de JEAN DE SAXE, prece- demment publie ,par l'au.teur (Janus, 28, 369-79, 1924). WICKERSHEIMER

rapproche de ces recettes deux autres textes extraits, l'un du Ms. 8, l'autre du Ms. 2120, de la meme bibliotheque. Court commentaire de ces douze recettes. L. G.

Wickersheimer, Ernest. Ce qu'il en cocuta aux Strasbourgeois en 1474 pour faire panser leurs blesses d'Heericourt. Bulletin Soc pour la conservation des monuments historiques d'Alsace, 153-7, 1926. isis

Leonardo da Vinci

Verga, Ettore. Raccolta Vinciana. Fascicolo XII, 1923-25 xx + 206 p. Comune di Milano, Castello Sforzesco, Archivio storico e civico, 1926. sIs

The previous volume of this very valuable collection was noticed in Isis, V, 506 (where refenrences to other works of E. VERGA will also be found). The present volume contains criticisms not only of the new publications on LEONARDO but also of many of the older ones which had not been included before. My only criticism is that the selection of items is not sufficiently rigorous. I do not object to the inclusion of mediocre writings if their insignificance is duly noted (which is some- times done), but I object strongly to the inclusion of items which con- cern LEONARDO only in a very indirect way. For example, there is a brief review of AUGUST HELL-E, Geschichte der Physik, 1882, because it contains a number of pages devoted to LEONARDO. But so does every history of physics, every history of science. The author ought not to forget that a collection and a bibliography are not improved by excessive comprehensiveness, on the contrary. At any rate we owe much gratitude to ETTORE VERGA and to the city of Milan for this very useful publi- cation. G. S.

XVIth Century,

B. - Physical Sciences and Technology.

(Brahe, Tycho). TYCHONIS BRAHE Dani opera omnia. Edidit I. L. E. DREYER. Tomus 8. 471 p. Hauniae, Libraria Gyldendaliana, 1925.

Review of earlier volumes of this monumental edition in Isis, V, 149-51. G. S.

Trismosin, Solomon. Splendor solis. Alchemical treatises, including 22 allegorical pictures reproduced from the original paintings in the unique manuscript on vellum. dated 1582, in the British Museum. With introduction, elucidation of the paintings, aiding the interpretation of their occult meaning, TRISMOSIN'S autobiogra- phical account of his travels in search of the Philosopher's Stone,

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a summary of his alchemical process called - The Red Lion ,,, and explanatory notes 104 p. London, KEGAN PAUL, no date (1924?).

IBIS ( This book is named Splendor Solis or Splendour of the Sun and is

divided into seven parts, in which is described the hidden mystery of the old philosophers, as well as aMll that nature requires to clearly accomplish the whole work, including all the added things; after which no one shall be advised to grapple with the mystery of the noble art with his own senses.

(( I am the way and even road, Who passes here without a rest, Will find a goodly life abode, And in the end be ever blessed. )o

This TRISMOSIN or TRISSMOSIN flourished, if we may accept his own statement, about the year 1473, but it is possible that his statement is wrong and that he did not actuaJlly flourish until a century later. This treatise is followed by autobiographical fragments which might be com- pared with those of DENIS ZACHAIRE published by T. L. DAVIS in Isis, VIII, 287-99, 1926. There are added also AvICENNA'S Seven rules for the composition of the philosopher's stone, TRIS-MosIN's alchemical pro- cess called the Red Lion and childish explanatory notes. The illustra- tions are very interesting and would deserve investigation. G. S.

C. Natural Sciences

Bagrow, Leo. Der deutsche Kartograph IEINRICH ZELL. Peterrnanns Mitteilungen, 72. Jahrg., 1926, pp. 63-66. Isis

Brief note, with cartobibliographical details, on a hitherto virtually unknown cartographer of the sixteenth century. J. K. W.

Caraci, Giuseppe. Tabulae geographicae vetustiores in Italia adser- vatae. Reproductions of manuscript and rare printed maps, edited and explained, as a contribution to the history of geogra- phical knowledge in the period of the great discoveries. Vol. I. 18 p., 20 maps. Florence, OTTO LANGE, 1926. [sIS

The following maps are adequately reproduced in photogravure and are accompanied by a scholarly introductory text: World Map of Loro HOMEM, 1554; Europe, by DIEGo HoME\iE, 1563; America by PAOLO FUR- LANI, 1574; South America by an anonymous English cartographer, end of sixteenth century; Pacific by G. TATTON, end of sixteenth century; Indian Ocean by CORNELIS DOETZ, end of sixteenth and beginning of seventeenth centuries; North Sea by EVERT GYSBERTSOON, 1601.

J. K. W.

Orfinewald, L. JAKOB RUEFF und die Anfange der Teratologie. Janus, 30, 27-33, 1926- Isis

JAKOB RUEFF, de Zurich (mort en 1558), est l'auteur d'un ouvrage paru en allemand, en 1554, a Zurich, et dont une traduction a vu le jour a peu pres en meme temps sous le titre (( De conceptu et gene- ratione )); trente-deux dessins de monstres y sont figures; en 1583, parais- sait une nouvelle edition latine, a laquelle manque une des figures de l'edition precedente; les dessins de cette edition sont dus au e6lebre gra- veur et peintre AMMAN JADONUS (ou JOBST, OU JOST) (Zurich, 1539-Nurem- berg, 1591). L. G.

Ouglielmi-Zazo, Giulia. BERNARDO SILVANO e la sua edizione della Geografia di TOLOMEO. Rivista geografica italiana, Ann. XXXII,

XVI. C 157

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1925, pp. 37-56, 207-216; Ann. XXXIII, 1926, pp. 25-52; 9 maps, 1 table. isis

SILVANUS' edition of PTOLEMY'S (( Geography )), published in Venice, 1511, is of particular interest because of the thorough revision to which the editor subjected the Ptolemaic text. It forms ( a sort of critical edition of PTOLEMY'S book based on the correlation of numerous manu- scripts )). The maps and tables were revised to bring them into accord with contemporary geographical information available. GUGLIELMI-ZAZO analyses and appraises the work of SILVANus and indicates its subsequent and not inconsiderable influence on the cartography of the sixteenth century. J. K. W.

Jeanselme, E.; Lanselle, M.; et Solente, MIe S. Un manuscrit medical du XVie siecle contenant principalement des ceuvres de GUILLAUME RONDELET. Notes bibliographiques et biographiques. Bulletin de la Soc. frang. d'Hist. de la Med., 20, 9-36, 1926. Isis

Magnaghi, Alberto. AMERIGO VESPUCCI e SEBASTIANO CABOTO, ,, Piloti Mayores , di Spagna secondo un recente libro spagnolo. Rivista geos'rafica italiana, Ann. XXXII, 192,5. )p. 189-20'6. sis

An extended and severely critical review of J. P. RUBIO, (( El piloto mayor de la Casa de Contrataci6n de Sevilla - Pilotos mayores del siglo xvi (Datos biograficos) )), Seville, 1923 (see Isis, VII, 544, 1925).

J. K. W.

Nuijens, B. W. Th. Een kort levensbericht met een portret, ter herin- nering aan CAROLUS CLUSIUS, (geboren 18 Februari 1526). Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der geneeskunde, 6, 59-61, 1926. fISS

Oberhummer, Eugen. Die Weltkarte des PIERRE DESCELIERS von 1553 im Auftrage der Geographischen Gesellschaft in Wien herausge- geben. 13 sheets, Wien, 1924 isis

The original map of which this is a photogravure reproduction was destroyed by fire in 1915. At the time it formed the latest of tlhe tlree extant world maps of the cartographer of Dieppe. Professor OBE:IZ-UOr- MEB'S introduction is brief, dealing primarily with cartobibliograpihy. No attempt is made at a detailed analysis of the features shown on the map. The reproduction is admirable. The map is notable for the extra- ordinary abundance of decorative figures on land and sea. J. K. W.

Oberhummer, Eugen. Amerika auf Wiener Denkmalern der Karto- graphie des 16. Jahrhunderts. Congres International des Ameri- canistes. Compte rendu de la XXIe session, 2e partie, tenue a Goteborg en 1924, Gbteborg Museum, 1925, pp. 294-296. sIsI

Oberhummer, Eugen. Die Geographie von Mexiko in den Briefen von Ferdinand Cortez. Congres International des Americanistes. Compte rendu de la XXIe session, 2e partie, tenue a Goteborg en 1924, pp. 513-514. IBIS

Rlichet, Ch. Histoire de la circulation: de MICHEL SERVET a WILLIAM HARVEY. Aesculape, 16, 49-55, 1926. Isis

Seaton, Ethel. MARLOWE'S map. Essays and studies by members of the English Association. Vol. X, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1924, pp. 13-35; 1 folded map. ISi"

Argument from internal evidence in the Tamburlaine to show that CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE was familiar with ORTELIUS' great atlas, the Theatrum orbis terrarum. J. K. W.

158 XVI. C.

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D. - Medical Sciences.

*Dielmann, Hans. Schweinfurter Stadtphysici im 16. und 17. Jahr- hundert. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Medizinalwesens der Stadt Schweinfurt. Inaugurat-Diss. aus dem Wiirzburger Insti- tut fiir Geschichte der Medizin, 1925. ISIs

Giordano, Davide. GIOVANNI DA VIGO (1450-1525). Riv. di storia d. sc, med. e natur., 17, 21-35. 1926. Isis

Discours prononce le 20 novembre 1925, lors de l'inauguration d'un monument 6leve a Rapallo pour le qu,atrieme centenaire de la mort de GIOVANNI DA VIGO, chirurgien du pape JULES II (Isis, VII, 207).

L. G. Sticker, 0. Wann ist JEAN FERNEL geboren? Archiv fiir Geschichte

der Medizin. Bd. 18, 106-7, 1926. isi8

Born 1506, died 1558.

E. - Alia

Dahlmann, Joseph (S. J.). Japans alteste Beziehungen zum Westen 1542-1614 in zeitgenossischen Denkmilern seiner Kunst. Ein Beitrag zur historischen, kilustlerischen, religi6sen Wiirdigung eines altjapanischen Bilderschmuckes. 72 S., 6 Taf. HERDER, Frei- burg i. Br., 1923. ,s,s

Merriman, Roger Bigelow. The rise of the Spanish Empire in the Old World and in the New. Volume III. The Emperor. xxiv+695 p, New York, MACMILLAN, 1925. Isis

Reviewed by PRESERVED SMITH in The American Historical Review, 31, 508-10, 1926.

Vaccari, Alberto. Una bibbia araba per il primo Gesuita venuto al Libano. Melanges de l'Universite Saint-Joseph, t. 10, 79-104, 2 pl. Beyrouth, 1925. si8s

Arabic cod. 467 and 468 of the Vatican Library. This MS. Arabic Bible was obtained by Father GIOVANNI BATTISTA ELIANO (S. J.), who was the first Jesu'it sent by the Pope to the Lebanon. It was written by his order and almost under his eyes at Tripolis of Syria in 1578. This MS. was used, together with others, to prepare the Roman edition of the Arabic Bible published in 1671. G. S.

XVIllth Century.

A. - Mathematics.

Antoniadi, E. M. Le troisieme centenaire de DOMINIQUE CASSINI (1625- 1712). L'Astronomie, 39, 417-434, 1925. Is8i

Arou, Robert. Note sur le pari de PASCAL. Rev. de metaphys. et de morale, 33, 85-91, 1926. 1sis

Essai d'explication nouvelle de la demonstration de PASCAL du pari sur Dieu. L. G.

Cajori, Florian. Sir IsAAc NEWTON'S early study of the Apocalypse. Popular Astronomy, vol. 34, 4 p., 1926. ISIS

( According to biographers, NEWTON devoted much attention to this subject during the sunset of his life, when his scientifically creative period was largely spent. The present writer is in possession of evidence

159 XVII. C.

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that NEWTON busied himself with matters relating to the Revelation of ST. JOHN before he published his Principia, the great work upon which his celebrity as an astronomer rests. )

Doorman, Carl. HALLEY U1d FERMAT. Beitriige zur Geschichte der Statistik mit einem Anhang fiber das Fermatsche Problem. iv+118 S. 8?. Breslau, TREWENDT und GRANIER, 1925. (Geh. 5 M.)

TItS

Der Titel dieser Schrift ist etwas irrefiihrend; denn FERMAT hat natiir- lich nichts iiber Statistik geschrieben. Der Verf. will nur seinen ( Beweis ) hier unterbringen. Ferner beziehen sich die Aufsitze in der Mitte der Schrift zwar auf Statistik, sind aber nicht historisch. Die zwei ersten Aufsatze tiber HALLEY'S Sterblichkeitstafel (1693) and HAL- LEY'S erste Nachfolger auf dem neuen Gebiet sind aber fur uns sehr wertvoll, da die Darlegungen mit einer eingehenden sachlichen Kritik der bisherigen Beurteiler verbunden sind. Der Verf. sucht vor allem nachzuweisen, dass HAmLEY seine Sterbetafel nicht willkiirlich aus dem Breslauer Material aufgebaut hat, sondern durchaus einwandfreie Ueber- Iegungen dabei angestellt hat. I. W.

Karpinski, Louis C. The earliest known American arithmetic. Science, 63, 193-195, 1926. Isis

American printing began in Mexico City in 1536, JUAN PABLOS being tie first printer. From his press issued in 1556 a work on the value of silver and gold, a part of which dealt with arithmetic and algebra (Isis, IV, 409); in 1557 appeared a book on astronomy: these two books were the first scientific books of the New World. A systematic arith- metic was published at Mexico in 1623 by PEDRO PAZ; no copy of it is known. The second arithmetical text-book of the New World was the Arte Menor de Arismetica by ATANASIUS REATON, published in 1649 at the press of the widow of BERNARD CALDERON. A copy of it was recently found in the Garcia Library at the University of Texas. This copy is here described and I am glad to be able to publish in Isis, thanks to the author's kindness, the facsimile of three pages of this most interesting work. (See pl. 5-8.) G. S.

Mahnke, Dietrich. Neue Einblicke in die Entdeckungsgeschichte der hoheren Analysis Abhandlungen der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenscha/ten, Jahrgang 1925 Phys -Math. Klasse. Nr. 1. 64 S., mit 4 Tafeln. Berlin, Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1926. Is,,

This is a fundamental contribution to the history of the infinitesimal calculus. Our readers will remember J. M. CHILD'S translation of LEIBNIZ'S mathematical papers (1920); CHILD advanced the theory that LEIBNIZ plagiarized not NEWTON but BARROW. CHILD'S publication was a little premature (as indicated by P. BOUTROUX's review of it in Isis, IV, 510-2), because it was known that many mathematical MSS. of LEIBNIZ, kept in the Library of Hanover, had not yet been investigated, and that their investigation had been started under the auspices of the International Union of Academies. D. MAHNKE, Privatdozent in Greifswald, has examined some of these unpublished MSS. and come to the conclusion that LEIBNIZ did not study BARROW'S Lectiones geome- tricae before October 1675, and yet had reached the essentiaf point of his discovery in the summer of 1673. LEIBNIZ was influenced mainly by HUYGENS and PASCAL, and secondarily by FABRI, SAINT-VINCENT, WALLIS, JAMES GREGORY and others, but not by BARROW. This very important memoir is divided as follows : 1. Der Ursprung der Infini-

.tesimalrechnung nach LmBNIZens eigener Darstellung; 2. Rechtfertigung

160 XVII. C

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<{ -; - "'/ A R T E "- ' - -

t

iS . ," 5 :ARISMT1CA: E

MODO DE lORMAR1; .<~ C A N i' PO S. --

~'TIRATA LA S CVEN.TAS QVE SE PV\DEND

,s )OFRECER EN LO'; r rYNos DE SV SV

~,' MMA ;ESr . TAD: .. . P 0 R ESt11O , , , , ( l.A:O.<0 , ' . V-i PAR.\ ,, (< (V'E SE AP1ENDAN s,N M,AF,TI .L

*,A EP DRO DE SOT'O LO PEZ Y Conrador ddl Tr4iu./ealSielS. OfictdC/la /n7,It;cston ? de- defta ?eua N, f4;ia , Prior de Zat I ttucrfdad de los P

'~~ A4lerc,dercs dcfie eyio a, l/tc. adimitflrador ' q' ATde1asea .:.'Acu se . t4j,S

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.co.,: t~cz.,,'c.~~:,r , c . fi 4,r

<frS< svc/inodellaCiiicidd.-, [

agy,t ) It1\ i,i..tIt lc tlcr,'-r.o (:.il ro,l,An. f (!c t.4. ,> 48 ' /' . . . /,,,',. l, ; q

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Earliest known Amierican arithmetic, by ATAiASIUS R&A?ON. 1649.

Title page. Isis, ix, pl. 5. L. G. KARPINSKI.

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rt'

DE AR ISMETICA. 1

y harn 25 2. las quales partiias a los milfnos 6.

delpartidor. Y hallaiasporladiclia Regla, que cabcn 4.porque6 en 25. cabcn quatro vezes:alsi 6 85 2 4 daias 4 al cociencc, po- 4 25 2 niendolo, adelan re del I, y mltlcplicando por efe 4. el zero del pairidor, cqte iCcado del 2 te la vnidad de los 252, qcie vas

particndo, quedan los milmos 2:afsienta ella re- fla en la linea,o liigar nas abajo correlpondtcntc i 6 o 524 la vnidad de qllic 1.a lacas: 14 5 2 Y profiguc miltiplican- 2

do el 6 del partidor,por el 4.qtieciipo al cociente;pLes4 vezces 6,fon 24, qi(e i los 2 5 q(Ce cllan en la fegulnda linea va vnoj alsieta ete vnodcbajo del 5. Y urasconcluydo con la parriciode los 252. con q'ieno e hazecao de 6 8524 lasnotas que elaan en la 1 4 25 fegtlnda linea,por cfar ya 2 paladas, y folo fc ha de hazer de las q qledan en lalinca tercera,que fon J2.a losquales has deafadir la nora que relta en la liuma partidera, qnte es 4,Y leraln i 24.qle fon los 6 S524 que hasde parcir I los 4 '2 52 milm)s 6o. Y hallaris 124

D por

.Earliest kinown American Arithmetic, by ATANASIUS REATON. 1649.

IP'ge 13. D)ivision by 60.

Isis, ix, pl. 6. L. (C. KARPINSKI.

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ARTE' MENOR El effquadron quedaproporcionado de vezes,y tcrcia m.ns fnce, qlle fodo, y fe Ic dei noinbr e e erceno,como dichoqueda,y parece eu laprati-

ca figtiience con fi gua rnicion.

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Earliest known American Arithmetic, by ATANASIUS REATON. 1649. Page 58 verso.

L. C. KARPINSKI. Isis, ix, pi. 7.

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.yt ? - ;

Y() B R,EV E

lARIT ETI A, P OR EL MAS SV CINTO MOOI)QE (Y

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DE ItLO , Natuira! i l.rgar , t Are A dci llt de Ptdel-

of "410 -le I fffur a ffn Ia : ) olla/ t j er/ie m Ca-

stbe4 d(lt fLt .6 fr ela'O de $4. Y <tt el te J' / h.,j/dt fo- g d1.Jt'tp It.a0 / Of J f/rt f'^trtd al4wrIw n/i ei t""co 'P

5i4 de ti xdelDt J Dotng., & tod o d,bf. ulaw ndPd?t '

tnmio, tnoTrdkl4ie ?7maidls tiJAdBQ V I /fI, ,t nwd< i a j, * 'r/t ' ll .{adf/iWr /Pr~eflue dt i J c ira hls a,pA ar t

at Re&y Je lp Ien ,e ay cJaIw/ouMfeiPl/i.{rOd e did,., Ia<r

Ma a Ddfpd IpD e dfe arsg, .

1G I+ )CDI tCA LA, L t I) doN1 DhFr OES E8 .(, t I0bso ?t Io' Y 1 LOIiES,(

.AL A^MJyoR.y Capitan Agicrra '['hcni:ntc G(inctal dc la Prov'aciaiic f uachlihanra, y cd(hs dc ItrIoveno

*,* ' poi'MagMiad. d t*

1 tfVrx in I,prf t Vilia dc Bernrto C.i,i'cron Ano.t st,. |

*1^S}S*l't'l't' t'* . t 't'?t'st t'1*?

Tile page of aiolther early American arithmetical work, by BENITO FERNAN EZ BE BELO. 67'5.

TL C. KARPINSKI. Isis, ix, pI. 8.

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der eigenen Darstellung LEIBNIZens gegeniiber der Barrowhypothese CHILDS; 3. Der Embryonalzustand der hoheren Analysis im August 1673 nach der Handschrift ( de functionibus ). G. S.

B. - Physical Sciences and Technology.

Davis, Tenney L. New light on phlogiston. Chemistry and Industry, 44, 725, 1925 Isls

HAPEmIUS in 1606 used the word ( pliogiston ) for handling the problem with which STAHL dealt about a century later-and reached about the same solution. NICOLAUS NIGER HAPELIUS is an anagram for RAPHAEL EGLINUS ICONIUS; this RArHAEL EGLIN was a Swiss born at G6tz in Miinchhof, 1559, he died at Marburg, 1622. See FERGUSON'S Bibliotheca Chemica, 1906, vol. I, 232. G. S.

Erhardt, Oskar. Ein Brief des Astronomen JOHANNES KEPLER an MAST- LIN. Die Pyramide. Wochenschrift zum Karlsruher Tagblatt. 22. Mairz 1925. IBls

Letter dated Sept. 9, 1600, reproduced in extenso in German trans- lation. The Latin original was found by the editor among the papers of his father. The letter deals with the images of the partly eclipsed sun in a camera obscura. G. S.

(Kepler, Johannes). Kosmische Harmonie. Herausgegeben und iiber- tragen von W. HARBURGER (( Der Dom ) Biicher deutsche Mystik). 315 S. Leipzig, Inselverlag, 1925. 1sIs

Newell, Lyman C. Colonial Chemistry. - I. New England. Jour. Chem. Education, 2, 161, 1925. siss

Wren Society. The second volume of the Wvren Society, 1925. St. Paul's Cathedral. Original WREN drawings from the collection in the Library of St. Paul's Cathedral. 15 p., 32 plates. London, The Wren Society, 1925. ISis

For first volume, see Isis, VIII, 553.

C. - Natural Sciences.

Atkinson, Geoffroy. Les relations de voyages du xvIIe siecle et l'evo- lution des idees. Contribution a l'etude de la formation de l'esprit du xviIie siecle. vi+220 p. Paris, Librairie ancienne EDOUARD CHAMPION, [1925?]. isis

The growth of the ideas distinctive of pre-revolutionary France was influenced to no slight degree by the books of travels and discoveries which were widely read at the time. Only during the last two decades and as a result of the work of such scholars as LANSON, MARTINO, BOUR- GEOIS, ANDR], CHINARD, and ATKINSON, has the importance of this exotic element in the development of the ( esprit philosophique ) been reco- gnized.

In the volume here noted ATKINSON shows how the intellectual radicals of seventeenth century France drew upon the observations of travelers for arguments to support their philosophic, political, economic, and reli- gious opinions. For example: the concept of the ( good savage ) and of the idyllic conditions under which he lived was based upon travelers' reports from America and elsewhere. Invidiuous comparisons were drawn between the harmonious life of primitive peoples dwelling under conditions of perfect democracy and the misery of the masses in monar-

161 XVII. C.

VoL. Ix-I 11

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chical Europe. Deists and free thinkers found arguments against the Christian church and its theology in the study of the religions of the Chinese, the Hindu, or the pagan. ATKINSON demonstrates, however, that the travelers' observations were often warped or completely falsified by preconceived ideas; they saw what they wished to see. The savage was probably far from ( good )) in the sense they conceived him to be, nor were the conditions of his life wholly as idyllic as they appeared on the surface.

One of the most favorable media for the expression of veiled but mor- dant criticism against prevalent conditions was the narrative of the extraordinary or imaginary voyage to a utopian country. ATKINSON deals with the extraordinary voyages in two recent volumes of unusual interest (( The extraordinary voyage in French Literature before 1700 )), New York, 1920; a The extraordinary voyage in French Literature from 1700 to 1720 )), Paris, 1922). The narrators of these voyages usually borrowed widely from the books of authentic travels. (See Isis, VIII, 765.) J. K. W.

Baerle, Caspar van (1584-1648) Nederlandsch Brazilie onder het bewind van JOHAN MAURITS Grave van Nassau 1637 1644 Historisch Geo- graphisch-Ethnographisch. Naar de Latijnsche uitgave van 1647 voor bet eerst in het Nederlandsch bewerkt door S. P. L'HoNoR. NABER. xvi+442 p, 48 pls (38 folded), 37 maps (35 folded). 's-Gra- venhage, AIARTINUS NIJHOFF, 1923. ,srs

This sumptuous volume is a Dutch translation of BARLAEUS' Rerum per octennium in Brasilia et alibi gestarum historia, Amsterdam, 1647, a work which, besides giving a history of the JOHN MAURICE OF NASSAU'S administration of Dutch Brazil, throws much light on contemporary con- ditions. Full-sized facsimiles of the maps and other illustrations of the Latin edition are included. See also: HERMANN WXTJEN, Das hollandische Kolonialreich in Brasilien, Gotha, 1921. J. K. W.

Caraci, Oiuseppe. Antiche carte di regioni d'Italia. La Geografia, Anno XII, 1925, p. 139-166, Isis

Notes on certain especially interesting maps of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in the Collection d'Anville, formerly preserved in the French Foreign Ministry but recently acquired by the Bibliotheque nationaGe. This collection was assembled by the famous geographer D'AN- VILLE (JEAN BAPTISTE BOURGUIGNON D'ANVILLE, 1697-1782), and now inclues 10,502 printed and manuscript maps. J. K. W.

Champlain, Samuel de (1567-1635). The works of SAMUEL DE CHAM- PLAIN. In six volumes Edited by HENRY PERCIVAL BIGGAR. Vol II, 1608-1613. xviii + 351 (xi) p , 5 pis., 6 maps, 3 plans. Toronto, The Champlain Society, 1925. rIBIS

ForJ, Worthington Chauncey. Early maps of Carolina. Geographical Review, Vol. 16, 1926, pp. 264-273, 2 maps. Isis

Discusses certain maps of the decade 1662-1682 as illustrating the exploration and settlement of the coastal regions of Carolina.

J. K. W.

Ford, Worthington Chauncey. TYNDALL'S map of Virginia. Proceed- ings, Massachusetts Historical Society, Vol. 58, October 1924- June 1925. Boston, 1925, pp. 244-247, folded colored map. IsTs

Colored reproduction with brief text describing ROBERT TYNDALL'S Draughte of Virginia, 1608, (( the second map made in an English plan- tation on the continent of North America and... the first map of Vir-

162 XVII C.

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ginia ). Shows the mouth of Chesapeake Bay and the estuaries of the James and York Rivers only. See also Isis, VII, 216, 1925. J. K. W.

Hedin, Sven. Verwehrte Spuren: Orientfahrten des REISE-BENGT und anderer Reisenden im xvii. Jahrhundert Leipzig, F. A. BROCK- HAUS, 1923. 367 pp., 62 ills , I map, 1sis

a REISE-BENGT ) was the nickname of BENGT BENGTSSON OXENSTIERNA (1591-1643), who journeyed widely through Europe and' the Near East and is said to have been the first Swede to visit Persia. HEDIN in his richly illustrated semi-popular volume uses the somewhat sparse extant accounts of REISE-BENGT'S travels as a thread upon which to hang many scattered facts and observations about the countries visited and about other early travellers. J. K. W.

Sabraz6s, J. LEEUWENHOECK et les debuts de 1'hematologie. Aescu-

lape, 16, 90-93, 1926. IsBI

Tavernier, Jean Baptiste, Baron of Aubonne. Travels in India. Trans- lated from the original French edition of 1676, with a biographical sketch of the author, notes, appendices, etc., by V. BALL, Second edition, edited by WILLIAM CROOKE 2 vols. XCI+335 p., xv+399 p. London, Oxford University Press, 1926. is's

Viviani, Ugo. Vita ed opere inedite di FRANCESCO REDI. (Collana di pubblicazioni storiche e letterarie Aretine, 9.) 117 p. Arezzo, 1924.

IZI UGO VIVIANI, the indefatigable student of Aretine antiquities, will

devote a number of volumes of his collection to FRANCESCO REDI. The first of these (No. 9 of the complete series) deals with the life, biography and iconography. The biography proper is contributed by G. PERELLI.

IVIANI discusses the origin of the Bacco in Toscana, gives a list of the autographs of REDI existing in Arezzo, and a tentative bibliography. The iconography is illustrated by means of eight plates. G. S.

D. - Medical Scie;ces.

Browne, Charles A Some relations of early chemistry in America to medicine. Journal of Chemical Education, 3, 267-279, 1926. Isis

Contains an account of JOHN WINTHROP Jr., first Governor of Con- necticut, and of his famous medicine ( Rubilia ), which he used for the treatment of ague, worms, small-pox, coughs, and other complaints. Tests are reported which show that Rubilia probably contained sodium nitrate and antimony sulfide. A letter to WINTHROP from Sir KENELM DIGBY is quoted, and one from GEORGE STARKEY (Harvard, 1646) is reproduced in facsimile. (STARKEY, the only American alchemist of note, wrote under his own name and under that of EIRENAEUS PHILALETHES.)

T. L. D.

Fosseyeux, Marcel. La medecine dans les mnmoires du janseniste THO- MAS DU FossE (164.4-1698). Bulletin de la Soc. franc d'Hist. de la Med., 18, 45-64, 1926. Isis

Neuburger, Max. Lord BACON'S relations to medicine. A memorial on the occasion of the three hundredth anniversary of his death (April 9, 1626). Medical Life, vol. 33, 149-169, 1926. Iss

Nuyens, B. W. Th. Het dagboek van Vrouw SCHRADERS. Een bijdrage tot de geschiedenis der verloskunde in de xvIde en xviiide eeuw. Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der geneeskunde, 6, 93-104, 179, 1926.

ISIS

CATHARINA GEERTRUIDA SCHRADERS, 1665-1746.

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Sticker, Georg. Zur Parasitologie um das Jahr 1700. Tafel IV b s VI. Archiv fur Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. 18, 72-92, 1926. IsIs

Followed by a parasitological bibliography from 1626 to 1722.

E. - Aiia.

Brunswlg. Alfred. LTEIB.Z. (Mensehen, Volker, Zeiten. Eine Kultur- geschichte in Einzeldarstellungen, 8.) 183 S., 31 Abb. Wien, KARL K6NIG. 1925. ss

(Cacavelas, Jeremlas.) The siege of Vienna by the Turks in 1683. Translated into Greek from an Italian work published ano- nymously in the year of the siege. Edited from an unpublished MS. in the British Museum. dated Bucharest 1686, with introduction, text, English translation, notes, and glossary, by F. H. MARSHALL. xxrv+186 p., map. Cambridge University Press, 1926. ISIs

Chinard, Gilbert. Les refugies huguenots en Amerique, avec une intro- duction sur le mirage americain. xxxvI +- 248 p. Les Belles Lettres. Paris, 1925. IXis

Cet ouvrage, int6ressant au point de vue de la psychologi,e internationale en mime temps qu'h celui, plus etroit, des relations americano-francaises, a pour point central l'effort fait en Amerique par les huguenots emigres, tant avant qu'apres la r6vocation de l'edit de Nantes. L'auteur cherche a en d6gager comment, (( en France, d'une part, et en Amerique, d'autre part, s'est etablie une certaine representation de l'Americain typique ou du Frangais typique qui se maintient, en d6pit de tous les efforts que peuvent faire quelques ecrivains bien inform6s, quelques voyageurs con- sciencieux ou quelques conferenciers remplis d'un zele apostolique ).

L. G.

Orekov, 0. L'exploitation des latifundia en Russie au xvIe et xvIe sie- cles. Bull. Ac. des sc. de Russie, 6, 247-254, 1925 (en russe). Isis

Kahn, Ray 0, and Kahn, Max. Quixotic medicine. Medical Life, vol. 33, 170-194, 1926. Isis

XVIIlth Century.

A. - Mathematics.

Archibald, Raymond Clare and Pearson, Karl. ABRAHAM DE MOIVRE. Nature, 117, 551-2, 1926. Isis

Correspondence relative to PEARSON'S memoir reviewed in Isis, VII, 550; see also Isis, VIII, 671-83. G. S.

Evleux, A. Un mathematicien lyonnais, JEAN ETIENNE MONTUCLA, 1 25- 1799. Le salut public, Lyon, 15 avril 1926, p. 5. iSIs

B. - Physical Sciences and Technology.

Browne, Charles A. The life and chemical services of FREDERICK ACCUM. Journal of Chemical Education, 2, 829, 1008, 1140, 1925.

ISI8

AccUMa (1769-1838) wrote the first treatise on gaslighting and on the adulteration of food. T. L. D.

164 XVItI. C.

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Browne, Charles A. THOMAS PAINE'S Theory of atmospheric contagion and his account of an experiment performed by GEORGE WASHING- TON upon the production of marsh gas. Journal of Chemical Edu- cation, 2, 99, 1925. 1sis

Davis, Tenney L. Chemistry in War : an 18th century viewpoint. Army Ordnance, 5, 783. 1925. Chemical Warfare, vol. 2, No. 8 9, p. 5. s18s

BOERHAAVE'S attitude toward black gunpowder.

Foster, William. Doctor MACLEAN and the doctrine of phlogiston. Journal of Chemical EducatioIn, 2. 743, 1925. lais

Controversy between JOSEPH PRIESTLEY and JoImN MACLEAN, professor of chemistry and natural philosophy (1795-1812) in the College of New Jersey (Princeton). Quotations from MACLEAN'S, (( Two lectures on Com- bustion )>, 1797. T. L. D.

(Herschel, Sir William). Transactions of the Optical Society, vol. 26, 209 38, 13 illustr., 1924-5. isis

Whole number devoted to HERSCHEL. Foreword by Sir FRANK DYSON; a A peep into HERSCHEL'S Workshop )), by W. H. STEAVENSON; (( Cata- logue of Instruments made and (or) used by Sir WILLIAM{ HERSCOrFL, as preserved at Slough and examined there in 1924, May and June )), by W. H. STEAVENSON. - This is a capital addition to our knowledge of HERSCHEL : it helps us to appreciate his mechanical and optical skill, which was an important aspect of his many-sided genius. There are a number of illustrations showiing the Observatory House at Slough, the remaining parts of the 40-foot telescope, and many of the mirrors and eyepieces made and (or) used by HERSCHIEL. G. S.

*Kistner, Adolf. Zwei bisher verschollene Werke von PH. M. HAHN (1739-1790). Der Uhrmacherschule Furtwangen zum 75 jahrigen Jubelfest gewidmet Die Ulhrmacherkunst, o0, 548-50, 570-72, 596-99, 1925. Is's

On HIAHN. see MAX ENGELMANN, 1923 (Isis, VII, 222).

Koch, Richard. War GEORG ERNST STAnI ein selbstaindigei Denker? Archiv fiir Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. 18, 20-50, 1926. is,8

Lampa, Anton. Die Kant-Laplacesche Theorie. IMMANUEL KANT. I. Allgemeine Naturgeschiclite und Theorie des Himmels... (1775). II. PIERRE SIMON LAPLACE. Betrachtunigen fiber die zukiinftigen Fortschritte der Astronomie (1796). Hrsg. v. d Volksbildungstelle des Bundesministeriums fur Unterricht. Bd. 152-153. 274 S. Wien, Oesterr. Bundesverlag f. Unterr., Wiss. und Kunst, 1925.

1818

Weatherby, Le Roy S. An alchemist manuscript from the library of JOSEPH PRIESTLEY. Journal of Chemical Education, 3, 129- 133, 1926 1818

C. - Natural Sciences.

Golder, Frank Alfred. BERING'S voyages. An account of the efforts of the Russians to determine the relation of Asia and America. In two volumes. Vol. II: STELLER'S journal of the sea voyage from Kamchatka to America and return, on the second expedition, 1741-1742 Translated and in part annotated by LEONHARD STEJNEGER. (A merican Geographical Society Research Series, No. 2, W. L. G. JOERG, editor). xi -4- 290 p., 6 pis., 7 illus.,

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7 mnaps (2 folded). New York, American Geographical Society, 1925. IS81

On the first volume of this publication, see Isis, VII, 225, 1925. GEoRG WILHELM STELLER (1709-46) (( was the first trained naturalist in the North Pacific )). lHis journal gives an unusually vivid and accurate account of his observations. The present volume contains, in addition to the translation of the journal from the original German, a biogra- phical note on STELLER by GOLDER, appendices including a translation of STELLER'S detailed description of Bering Island, numerous scholarly foot- notes contributed by GOLDER, JOERC, STEJNEGER, and others, a full biblio- graphy, and an index to both volumes. J. K. W.

D. - Medical Sciences.

Carrette. Paul. Un precurseuir do PINEL: le chirurgien TENON (1724- 1816). Bulletin de la soc. firanf d'hist. de la mnd , 19, 376-383, 1925.

Cazzaniga, Antonio. Un medico del settecento propugnatore dell' orientamento professioiale degli operai Riv. di storia d. sc mied. e natzr , 17, 1-4, 1926. Isis

11 s'agit d'ALEssANDoR CACCIA (Creinona, 1742-1803), qui se revele un initiateur de la physiologie et de la pathologie du travail dans un 6crit intitule6 (( Distribuzione degli impieghi nel minuto popolo ), contenu dans ses a( Menmorie medico-politiche )) (1793 ou 1797: la premiere date est donnee dans le texte de CAZZANIGA, la seconde dans la bibliographie des (euvres de CACCIA donnee par l'auteur de l'article ici recense). L. G.

*Dependorf, Kate. ADAM ANTON BRUNNER und sein Buch , Einleitung zur notigen Wisseischaft eines Zahniarztes ". (1766). 26 S. Aus dem Institut fir Geschichte der Medizin, Leipzig, 1925. isI

*Faust, Bernhard Christoph. Gesundheits-Katechisimus zum Ge- brauche im den Schulen und beym hauslichen Unterrichte. Biickeburg, 1794. In Faksimile herausgegeben und mit Nachwort versehen von MlARTIN VOGEL. 112 S. Dresden. Deutsceer Ver- lag fur Volkswohlfahrt, 1925. Isis

(uisan, Andrd. Comment un rnedecin lausannois relate une operation de la cataracte pratiquee par DAVIEL. Bulletin de la soc. franq. d'hist. de la teod., 20, 37-44, 1926. Is

Lettre du Dr D'APPLES a HALLER, 1761. Reponse de HALLER. Le fameux oculiste parisien JACQUES DAVIEL mourut a Geneve en 1762. G. S.

Hlrissay, Jacques. L'epideinie de 1794 sur les pontons de Rochefort. Bulletin de la soc. franc. d'histoire de la med., 20, 64-73, 1926.

Laignel-Lavastine, M. DAVIEL, operateur de la cataracte. Aesculape, 16, 14-18, 1926. Isis

JACQUES DAVIriM (1693-1762), chirurgien oculiste d'u roi Louis XV, est le premier a avoir systematiquement extrait le cristallin a partir de 1745, et A avoir regle m6thodiquement Ia technique de l'operation. DAVIEL ne fut pas seulement un oculiste genial, il fut aussi anatomiste: c'est a lui qu'est du le premier enseignement de l'anatomie en province, Marseille, 1728, 05, 04. L. G.

Sch5ppler, Hermann. Ueber ein Regensbuc-ger Chirurgenzeichen (1770). Tafel VII. Archicv fiir Geschichte der Medizin. Bd. 18, 100-103, 1926. 18si

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Smitt, K. W. Der Zahnarzt BARTHOLOMEO RUSPINI. Eine Betrachtung zu seinem Werk: A treatise on the teeth. Aus dem Institut fiir Geschichte der Medizin an der Universitiit Leipzig. 26 S. Leip- zig, 1925. lils

Stiibler, E Das Nebelsehe Steinkind und die Aerztefamilie NEBEL in Heidelberg. Tafel VIII. Archiv fiir Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. 18, 104-106, 1926. 1sis

E.- Varia.

Aldington, Richard. VOLTAIRE. London, ROUTLEDGE, 1926. Isis

Bellessort, Andrd. Essai sur VOLTAIRE. Paris, PERRIN, 1926. tsis

Haberlandt, Gottlieb. G(ETHE und die Pflanzenphy,siologie. BERN- HARD SEUFFERT zum 70. Geburtstag am 23. Mai 1923 gewidmet. 21 S. Leipzig, MAX WEG, 1923. Isis

Lenoir, Raymond. VAUVENARGUES et la connaissance de l'esprit humain. Journal de psychol. normale et pathol., 13, 414-38, 1926. I8si

Sagnac, P. Les conflits de la science et de la religion au XVIIIe sicle, D'ALEMBERT et BUFFON. La revolution franfaise, janv.-mars, 1925, 1-15. ,8Is

L'auteur part de l'examen du Traite de dynamique de D'ALEMBERT, et des Epoques de la nature, de BUFFON, pour montrer qu'en France, un siede aprPs que NEWTON avait pu donner ses ( Principia ), il y avait encore de gros risques a courir, pour les savants, a exposer sans pre- cautions leurs decouvertes et leurs idees. L. G.

Robertson, John Mackinnon. GIBBON. VI - 122 p. London, WATTS and Co., 1925. IS18

Roustan, Marius. The pioneers of the French Revolution. Trans- slated by FREDERICK WHYTE. With an introduction by HAROLD J. LASKI. 302 p. Boston, LITTLE, BROWN, 1926. IlSl

XlXth Century.

A. - Mathematics.

Anding, Ernst. PETER ANDREAS HANSEN. Mitt. d. Vereinig. f. Gothaische Gesch. und Altertunsforschlg., 20 S., 1924. I8IS

That great student of celestial mechanics, P. A. HANSEN (1874-1924), was a self-taught man, who started his career as a watchmaker. From 1825 on he was attached to the observatory of Gotha. G. S.

Appell, Paul. HENRI POINCARE (1854-1912). 121 p. (Nobles vies, grandes oeuvres, 5). Paris, PLON, 1925. isis

Biographie tres attachante ecrite par un math6maticien qui fut l'ami de POINcaRB des leurs etudes communes au lycee de Nancy. Analyse e61mentaire de l'cauvre scientifique d'HENRI POINCAR . Rappel de son ceuvre morale, de ses preoccupations pedagogiques, de la position netta qu'il prit dans l'affaire Dreyfus, a qui mettait aux prises le sentiment de la verite et celui de tutiliti, l'amour de l'arm6e et lamour de la jus- tice. L'amour de la verite et de la j,ustice l'emporta ). L. G.

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Bieberbach, Ludwig. Ueber die Entwicklung der nichteuklidischen Geometrie im 19. Jahrhundert. SitzungsbericIhte der preussischen Akadenzie der Wissenschaften, 18, 381-398, 1925. ISt

Coolidge, Julian L. ROBERT ADRAIN, and the beginnings of American mathematics. The American IMathematical Mionthly, 33, 61-76, portrait, 1926. ISIS

ROBERT ADRAIN was born in Carrickfergus, Ireland, on Sept. 30, 1775; he seems to have been of Hugenot ancestry; he took part in the Irish uprising of 1798 and later escaped to the U. S. with his wife and child. He taught mathematics in various American schools and colleges. He died in New Brunswick on Aug. 10, 1843. His main title to fame is to have given in 1808 the first known demonstration of the exponential law of error, published a year later by GAUSS and usually associated with his name. The author concludes: ( There can be no question as to his outranking every American mathematician who was really his contem- porary. NATHANIEL BOWDITCH'S Navigator may have been one of the most useful books ever written, and his translation of LAPLACE was of splendid service to higher education in America, blut he never evolved anything which could be called an original mathematical theory. Others may have given better demonstrations of the exponential law of error, ADRAIN gave the first. His methods in DIOPHANTINE analysis were not novel, but he did obtain some new theorems. ) G. S.

De Morgan, Augustus. Formal logic (1847). Edited by A. E. TAYLOR, xxi + 392 p. Chicago, Open Court, 1926. Isis

Fehr, H. FfLIX KLEIN, 1849-1925. L'Enseignement mathematique, t. 24, 287-290, 1925. Isis

Klein, Felix. Gesammelte mathematische Abhandlungen. Dritter Bd., herausgegeben von R. FRICKE, H. VERMEIL und E. BESSEL- HAGEN (von F KLFIN mit ergainzenden Zusatzen versehen): Ellip- tische Funktionen. insbes Modulfunktionen, Ilyperelliptische u. Abelsche Funktionen, Riemannsche Funktionentheorie u. Auto- morphe Funktionen; Anhang. verschiedene Verzeichnisse. x + 774 + 36 p., 138 Abb. Berlin, JULIUS SPRINGER, 1923. , Iss

Lorey, Wilhelm. FELIX KLEIN. Leopoldina : Berichte der Kaiserlich Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher zu Halle, 1, 136-151, 1926.

IsIS

Muller, Franz Joh Soldnerstudien, III. Zeitschr. f. Vermessungs- wesen, 54, 174-182. 1925. Is,s

See earlier studies on the geodesist JOHANN GEORG VON SOLDNER (1776-1833), by same author, 1914 (Isis, III, 466).

Picard, Emile. Un geometre philosople, JULEs TANNERY (1848-1910). Rev. des deux mondes, 15 fevrier 1926, 858-884. Isis

Wangerin, A. AUGUST GUTZMER (1860-1924) zum Gedhichtnis Leopol- dina : Berichte der Kaiserlich Deutschlen Akademie der N ftur- forscher zu Halle, 1, 133-135, 1926. Is,S

B. - Physical Sciences and Technology.

Berthelot, Daniel. SADI CARNOT et la thermodynamique. Revue scienti- fique, 13 fevrier 1926, 65 71. Isis

Conference faite, le 20 janvier,. a la Societe des Ingenieurs civils de France, pour celebrer (avec quelque retard) le centenaire de la publi-

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cation des ( Reflexions sur la puissance motrice du feu et sur les machines propres a developper cette puissance ), par SADI CARNOT, ancien eleve de l'Ecole polytechnique, 118 p. Librairie Bachelier, quai des Grands- Augustins, 55, Paris, 1824. (Isis, IV, 598.) L. G.

Cajori, Florian. Did DAVY melt ice by friction in a vacuum? Nature, 117, 519, 1926. Isis

This note is so short, that we reproduce it in extenso: a Quite firmly entrenched in scientific literature, including some very recent English histories of science, is the statement that Sir HUMPHRY DAVY contrived a clockwork by which two pieces of ice were rubbed together and made to melt under the exhausted receiver of an air-pump. This is incorrect. A reference to DAVY'S works (DAVY, ( Collected Works )), vol. 2, 1839, pp. 11, 12, (( Experiment II. )) and ( Experiment III. ))) indicates that in one experiment he melted ice at 290 F., by friction, in the open, and that in another experiment he caused wax to melt by friction of two metals (wheel and plate) in a vacuum. DAVY did not melt ice by rub- bing together pieces of ice in a vacuum. ))

Clapeyron, Emile. Paris, 1799, 02. 21-i 1. 1864, 01, 28. Abhandlung iiber die bewegende Kraft der WVarmen, iibersetzt und herausgegeben von Dr. K. SCOHREBER. 46 S., 5 Fig. (Ostwald's Klassiker No 216.) Akad. Verlaggesellschaft, Leipzig, 1926. isis

Le memoire de CLAPEYRON sur la puissance motrice de la chaleur a paru au vol. 14 (p. 153) du Journal de l'Ecole polytechnique, 1834.

L. G.

Cook, Sir Ernest. PEREGRINE PHILLIPS, the inventor of the contact process for sulphuric acid, Nature, 117. 419-421, 1926. Isis

It is sad to think that practically nothing is known of the life of this great inventor. He was born at an unknown date in Milk street, Bristol, his father, PEREGRINE PHILLIPS senior, being a tailor; father and son were partners in a firm engaged in vinegar making. The son was a poor business man and the partnership was dissolved in 1831; it is probable that father and son left Bristol in 1832 or soon after. At any rate, nothing is known of their lives after 1832. PHILLIPS' original patent for the manufacture of sulphuric acid, A. D. 1831, No. 6096, is reproduced in extenso. G. S.

Crozet-Fourneyron, Marcel. Invention de la turbine. Preface de G. KOENIGS. 56 p., CH. BERANGER, Paris (1925?). isis

Historique de 35 pages ecrit par le petit-neveu de l'inventeur de la turbine. Bref rappel des essais, soit pratiques, soit theoriques, de Giov. BRANCA (1629), de LEONARD EULER (1750-54), B. BELIDOR (1729), ALBERT EULER (1754), W. ADAMSON (1817), BURDIN (1824), L. M. H. NAVIER (1829). La premiere realisation pratique est celle, par BENOIT FOUR- NEYRON (Saint-Etienne, 1802, 11, 01-Paris, 1867, 07, 08), en avril 1827, de sa ( roue a pression universdelle et continue o, donnant un rendement de 80 p. c. au frein de PRONY, qui venait d'etre propose pour mesurer la force des machines. La turbine 6tait cr66e. En 1833, la Societe d'encoura- gement pour l'indiustrie nationale (Paris) decernait son grand prix i FOURNEYRON. L'ouvrage se termine par une note de l'auteur ( sur un regulateur a action directe et a mouvement louvoyant applicable aux turbines hydrauliques )). L. G.

Epstein, Paul S. Centennial of the undulatory theory of light. Science, 63, 387-393, 1926. I8is

Memorial account of FRESNEL'S activity.

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Faraday, Michael. Experimentelle Untersuchungen iiber das Vernalten von Gold (und anderen Metallen) zum Licht; iibersetzt und heraus-

eggeben von F. V. VON HAHN. 70 p., 1 fig. (Ostwald Klassiker, No. 214), Akad Verlagges., Leipzig, 1925. Isis

Traduction du dernier travail imprim6 (1857) de FARADAY. II vient s'ajouter, dans la collection que dirige maintenant WOLFGANG OSTWALD, aux neuf volumes dans lesquels A. J. VON OETTINGEN a presente les ( Experimentelle Untersuchungen iiber Elektrizitiat ). L. G.

Foppl, August (1854-1924). Lebenserinnerungen. Rdekblick auf meine Lehr- und Aufstiegsjahre. iv + 159 S Miinchen, OLDENBOURG, 1925.

Foster, William. A century-old chemistry notebook Journal of Che- mical Education, 2, 164, 1925. Isis

Fresnel, Augustin ,Broglie, Eure, 1788, 05, 10-Ville d'Avray, 1827, 07, 14). Abhandlungen tiber die Beugung des Lichts von FRESNEL (1815-1819), iibersetzt und herausgegeben von Dr. FRITZ RITTER. 124 S., 20 Fig. (Ostwald's Klassiker, No. 215). Akad. Verlagge- sellschaft, Leipzig, 1926. is,s

Traduction des deux memoires fondamentaux de FRESNEL sur la dif- fraction. Le premier, present6 a l'Institut dans la seance du 23 oc- tobre 1815, a. paru aux Annales de chimie et physique, t. I, pp. 239-281, 1816; le second, au meme periodique, t. II, pp. 246-296, 337-378, 1819. A sa traduction, IPUTTER a ajoutd dix pages de notes, soit historiques, soit physiques, dont quelques-unes sont cmpruntees a l'edition des ceuvres completes de FRESNEL, publiees en 1868 par HENRI DE SE;NARMONT, EMILE VERDET et LdONOR FRESNEL. I1 n'est peut-etre pas inutile de rappeler qu'en 1815, I'homme de genie qu'etait FRESNEL etait un modeste ingenieur charge d'entretenir des routes, et d'ailleurs suspendu de ses fonctions pour raison politique. L. G.

{Ooldschmidt, Karl. Die Entdeckung des Alumniniums Ztschr. f. angew. Chemie. 38, 1057-1058, 1925. ISis

Quinchant, Joseph. Les grandes etapes de la Radio. Fascicule 1. Les premieres decouvertes, 90 p. )UNOD, Paris, 1925. ISiS

This work is announced to appear in three fascicules, as follows: I. Les premieres ddcouvertes de la radio (the present one) ; II. Les mdthodes actuelles de radiotelegraphie; III. Autres applications de la radio. The present fascicule is divided into three chapters: Chapter I: Le champ hertzien; Chapter II: Application a la radiot6le6graphie; Chapter III: Bases th6oriques de la radiot6elgTaphie.

The work is, as the title indicates, a sketch of the historical develop- ment of the radio, beginning with MAXWELL and such of his predecessors as HENRY, Lord KELVIN, and HELMHOLTZ, with reference to GALVANI and BIOT, and dwelling more at length in Chapter I upon the contributions of HERTZ. Chapter II considers the immediate predecessors of MARCONT, such as MAICHE and TOMMASI in France; PIREECE, CROOKES, LODGE, and S. P. THOaMPSON in England; and PoPov in Russia.. The chapter is devoted largely to the work of MARCONI and his contemporaries. Chap- ter III considers the recent advance in the theory of the radio and the improvements in the apparatus.

For the layman, the text is a good summary of the subject; for the scholar the ,chief value will be found in the elaborate bibliography at the close of each chapter. The illustrations, while not very well executed, ara interesting and in several cases valuable. D. E. S.

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Hell, Bernhard. ROBERT MAYER und das Gesetz von der Erhaltung der Energie. 163 S. Frommans Klassiker der Philosophic, Stuttgart, 1925. ISIB

Jacobs, Adellne H. A visit to EDGAR FAHS SMITH. Journal of Chemical Education, 3, 500-504, 1926. 1sIs

Kalkschmidt, Eugen. OSKAR VON MILLER : ein Fiihrer deutscher Tech- nik. 85 S , 63 Abb 2. Aufl. Stuttgart, DIECK, 1924. s1is

Kllnckowstroem, Graf Carl V. JuLmus KONRAD VON YELIN. Zu seinem hundertsten Todestage am 19. Januar 1926. Mitteilungen zur Ge- schichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften, 37, 67-69, 1926.

1818

Lazerges, Quy. Une ecole de physique au xxe siecle. Le laboratoire Cavendish et 1'ecole de Cambridge. Revue generale des Sciences, 37, 5-15, 1926. Isis

Lebedev, Petr Nikolaevich (1866-1912). Pression de la lumiere. Traduit du russe par T. KOUSMINE. (Collection de monographies scienti- fiques 6trang'res. 9.) 71 p. Paris, ALBERT BLANCHARD, 1926. Isis

German edition, Leipzig. ENGELMANN, 1912.

Liesegang, P. Paul. Die Erfindung des Kalklichtes und seine erste Anwendung im Bildwerfer vor 100 Jahren. Licht und Lampe. 8, 265-267, 1925. I8Is

Lippmann, Ed-mund 0. von. Vor hundert Jahren. Zeitschrift, Die Deutsche Zuickerindustrie. Berlin, Jahrg. 1926, Xr. 1. Isis

Lodge, Sir Oliver. ALBERT ABRAHAM MICHELSON (Scientific worthies, 44.) Nature, 117, 1-6, 1926. (With beautiful portrait.) Is81

Lowry, T. M. Optical rotatory dispersion. A tribute to the memory of JEAN BAPTISTE BIOT (1774-1862). Nature, 117, 271-275, 1926. Is8s

Mirande, Marcel. ARIS'IDE BERGES. Documents historiques sur l'ori- gine du nom de la houille blanche 118 p., p. Grenoble, J. BARA- TIER, 1925. ISis

(Nobel, Alfred.) Dynamit Actien-Gesellschaft, vormals Alfred Nobel & Co , Festschrift, Hamburg, 1865-1925, 72 S. is

Ostwald, Wilhelm. Lebenslinien. Eine Selbstbiographie. Erster Teil, Riga-Dorpat-Riga 1853-1887. viiiw-268 S., mit einem Bildnis. Ber- lin, KLASING, 1926. ISIS

Pope, Sir William J. FARADAY as a chemist. Chemistry and Industry, June 19 and 26, 1925. 181

Regelsberger, P. Zur Geschichte der Aluminiumherstellung. Zumn 30jaihrigen Todestag von MARTIN KILIANI am 21. Januar 1895. Ztschr. f. angew. Chemnie, 38, 367-368, 1925. is

Reverchon, Leopold. L'invention de l'electro-aimant. Revue generale des Sciences, 37, 33-34. 1926. srs

Ni AMrPPrE ni ARAGO ne l'ont invente, car, dans leurs experiences, ii n'est pas du tout question de noyau, et tout est la; ils se sont bornes a etudier les proprietes magnetiques du solenoide. STURGEON compe1ta cette invention le 18 mai 1825. G. S.

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Reverchon, Leopold. A propos de l'invention de Pel'ectro-aimant. Revue generale des Sciences, 37, 163-4, 1926. Isis

Cette invention est la resultante des efforts successifs d'OERSTED, ARAGO, AMPERE et STURGEON. G. S.

Schiff, Julius. J. S. 0. SCHWEIGGER (1779-1857) und sein Briefwechsel mit GOETHE Die Naturwissenschaften, 13, 555-Z59. 1925. 18is

Sharp, Evelyn. HERTHA AYRTON: a memoir. London, ARNOLD, 1926.

PHOEBE SARAH MARKS, a Jewess of Polish ancestry was born in Port-- sea, April, 1854; she assumed later the name of HER{THA; studied at Gir- ton College; did remarkable work in electricity, married Professor AYRTON. in 1885 was the first female member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers; died in August, 1923. G. S.

Smith, Edgar F. Bromine and its discoverers, 1826-1926. Journal of Chemical Education, 3, 382-384, 1926. Isis

Spring, Walth6re (1848-1911). (Euvres completes, publiees par la Societe chimique de Belgique.2 vols. 900 et 960 p , fig. Bruxelles, 1914-1923. Is81

Taylor, J. N. A half-century in chemical education. A chronological record of the scientific contributions of CHARLES EDWARD MUNROE. General Science Quarterly, March and May 1926, Salem, Massa- chusetts. isrs

MUNROB (1849- ) is Dean of the explosives chemists of the United States. Teacher of chemistry at the Naval Academy and at George- Washington University, for many years in charge of explosives experi- mentation for the U. S. Bureau of Mines, he is now chairman of the Explosives Committee of the National Research Council. While working at the Naval Torpedo Station at Newport he invented indurite, the first smokeless powder to be adopted by the U. S. Navy for use in large guns,y a development to which President HARRISON, in his annual message to Congress for 1892, called attention as one of the outstanding achieve- ments of his administration. MUNROE'S name is attached to the MUNROEO effect which he discovered, namely, that protuberances on the surface of a mass of explosive produce corresponding protuberances, not depressions, on a steel plate against which the mass is exploded. Depressions in the surface of the explosive likewise produce depressions in the steel plate. A hollow charge of explosive, for example, will punch a hole through a steel plate while the same amount of explosive in a compact charge will only produce an indentation. Delicate leaves and ferns, if inter- posed between the explosive and the plate, will be reproduced in natural relief. A bibliography of MUNROE's publications, 259 items, is printed at the end of the article. T. L. D.

Walden, Paul. Stereochemie und Technik. Zeitschr. f. angew. Chemie, 38, 429-439, 1925. I8is

Weihe, Carl. FRANZ REULEAUX (1829-1905) und seine Kinematik. vII+l100 S., 2 Portrits Berlin, J. SPRINGER, 1925. 181,

C. - Natural Sciences.

*Bailey, Joseph Whitman. LORING WOART BAILEY (1839-1925,: the story of a man of science. 141 p., 12 plates. Saint John, New Brunswick, MCM ILLAN, 1925 ISl-

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Colonna d'lstria, F. (1864-1925). La psychologie de BICHAT. Revue de metaphys. et de morale, 33, 1-38, 1926. sis

L'auteur cherche non seullement a caract6riser la psychologie de M. F. X. BICHAT, mais k determiner quelle a et l'influence de BICHAT sur le developpement de la psychologie au xIxe siBcle, et, en partioulier, chez AUGUSTE COMTE, MAINE DE BIRAN et A. A. COURNOT. L. G.

Hedin, Sven. My life as an explorer. With 168 illustrations from drawings by the author. London, CASSELL, 1926. Isis

Lorenz, Borislav. La theorie des associations simultanees chez WUNDT et chez son precurseur AMPERE. Jour. de psychol. nor male et pathol., 13. 405-513, 1926. IBis

Margerie, Emm. de. Une mission d'enseignement geologique aux Etats-Unis. Livre jubilaire, publi6 i l'occasion du cinquantenaire de la fondation de la Societe Geologique de Belgique, 215-226, Liege, 1924 ISIS

Au cours de 'ann-e 1922-23, EMrf. DE MARGERIE a donne, dans sept universites americaines, un cours illustre sur la ( topographie, la carto- graphie et la geologie structurale en France depuis cent ans ). On trou- vera ici le programme de ce cours, dont la publication in extenso serait extremement desirable. G. S.

Margerie, Emm. de. L'oeuvre geographique de FRANZ SCHRADER. Compte rendu du Congres intern. de geogr. Le Caire, t. 2, 37-51, 1925. Ists

SCHIADER (JEAN-DANIEL-FRANgOIS, dit FRANZ), n6 le 11 janvier 1844; mort le 18 octobre 1924. Biographie avec portrait et sept autres planches.

G. S. Schulz, Hugo. RUDOLF ARNDT (1835-1900) und das biologische Grund-

gesetz. 2. Auflage 42 S. Greifswald, BAMBERG, 1925. sisI

D. - Medical Sciences.

Barkley, A. H. A Transylvania surgeon. A study of BENJAMIN WINSLOW DUDLEY (1785-1870). Medical Life, 33, 3-17, ill., 1926. s81s

Bologa, V. Dr. EDUARD GUSBETHI. ein siebenbiirgisch-siachsicher HIistoriker der Medizin. Archiv fur Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. 18, 107-109, 1926. isis

Died Kronstadt, 1921.

Buchholtz, Arend. ERNST VON BERGMANN (1836-1907). Vierte Auflage. Leipzig, F. C. W. VOGEL, 1925. IBIS

First edition, 1911.

Ebstein, Erich. Die Idee des kfinstlichen Pneumothorax und der Lungenchirurgie. Historische Bemerkungen. A rchiv fiir Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. 18, 93-99. 1926. Isis

Fluhrer, William Francis. A surgeon's recollections. American surgery in the sixties and later. Medical Life, 33, 17-41, 1926. Iis

Fortuyn, A. B. Droogleever. TAKANO NAGAHIDE. Bijdragen tot de g'eschiedenis der geneeskunde, 6, 63-67, 1926. Isis

TAKANO NAGAHIDE, who did more than anybody else to spread Dutch knowledge into Japan, was born in Mizusawa in 1804, he committed' hara- kiri in 1850. (He is also called TAKANO CRHEI.) G. S.

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Olesy, J. U. Historical consideration of ultra-violet light. Medical Life, 33, 132-137, 1926. Is8s

Goodman, Herman. NIELS RYBERG FINSEN (born 1860). Medical Life, 33. 139-142, portrait, 1926. s1is

Jackson, John Hughlings (1835-1911. Eine Studie fiber Krimpfe (A study of convulsions) (1869). Uebersetzt und eingeleitet von OTTO SITTIG. (Klassiker der Medizin.) 145 S. Berlin. S. KARGER, 1926. isis

Kromecke, Franz. FRIEDRICH WILHIELM SERT1IRNER, der Entdecker des Morphiums. Mit einem Geleitwort von PAUIL KRAUSE vIIS+93 S. Jena, GUSTAV FISCHER, 1925. Isis

Kussmaul, Adolf (1822 1902i. Aus meiner Dozentenzeit in Heidelberg. Mit dem Bilde des Verstorbenen nach einer Photographie von MAX KOGEL herausgegeben von VINZENZ Czr.:RVY 3. Aufl. 113 S. Stutt- gart, AD. BONG, 1925, Isis

Includes a bibliography of the works of the master and of his dis- ciples.

Lian, Camille et Finot, Andre. LAENNEC et la clinique du coeur. Aescu- lape, 16, 71-5, 1923.

Lippmann, Edmund 0. von. SAMUEr, HAIINEMANN, der Begriinder der Homoopathie, als Chemiker. 8 S. Chemiker-Zeitung, SNr- 1 und 4, 1926, Iss

( Errungenschaften ersten Ranges sind dem Chemiker HAHNEMANN nicht zuzuschreiben, und in der Geschichte der Chemie hat er irgendwelche dauernde Spuren nicht hinterlassen; absolute Bedeutung fur diese Wissen- schaft kommt ihm demnach nicht zu, die relative ist aber fraglos erheb- lich, und jener von zahlreichen auch seiner chemischen Zeitgenossen weitaus iiberlegen. )

L'Huillier, Paul. Le typhus de 1813-1814 i Strasbourg. 180 p. These. St,rasbourg, Editions universitaires, 1925. isis

Massey, 0. Betton. Early electrotherapeutics in America,. Medical Life, 33 120-123, 1926. I81S

Neustatter. Otto. MAX PETTENKOFER (1818-1901). Meister der Heil- kunde, Bd. 7, herausgegeben von MAX NEUBURGER. Wien, JULIUS SPRINGER, 1925. ISS1

F. - Alia.

Bougle, Cl6estin Charles. L'oeuvre d'1IENIU DE SAINT SIMON Paris, ALCAN, 1925. isis

Brunet, Oeorges. Le mysticisme social de SAINT-SIMON. (Etudes roman- tiques, 4 ) Paris, Les presses fran?aises, 1925. 1s81

Chinard, Gilbert. JEFFERSON et les ideologues d'apres sa correspon- dance inedite avec DESTUTT DE TRACY CABANIS, J. B. SAY et AUGUSTE COMTE. (Johns Hopkins Studies in Romance Literatures and Languages.) 296 p. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press, 1925. ISIs

Based on some 60 or 70 letters exchanged between THOMAS JEFFERSON (1743-1826) and French ideologues, chiefly DESTUTT DE TRACY, in the first quarter of the xixth century. G. S.

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(Cordier, Henri.) B1ibliographie des ceuvres de HENRI CORDIER, membre de l'Institut. Iubliee a l'occasion du 75e anniversaire de sa nais- sance. v+-t-151 p., 1 planche. Paris, PAUL GEUTHNER, 1925. zsis

HENRI COnDIER was born in New Orleans in 1849; he died March 16, 1925. A notice of his death is reprinted from The Times in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 571-2, 1925.

Harrison, Austin. FREDERICK HARRISON: thoughts and memories. Lon- don, HEINEMANN, 1926. isIs

Lippmann, Edmund 0. v. R. GRASSMANN als Verkiinder ', neuerer n physiko-chemischer Ideen. Zeitschrift fii pltysikalische Chenmie. Band 119, 275-276, 1926 ISIS

Apropos of a curious work. entitled Das Weltleben oder die Meta- physik, published at Stettin in 1881. The author, R. GRASSMANN, was the son of J. GRASSMANN, chemist and crystallographer and the brother of H. GOBASSMANN, mathematician and Sanskritist. Says the author, ( Das Buch vom ' Weltleben ', durch dessen irrefiihrenden Nebentitel und abson- derliche, das Verstandnis erschwerende,' sprachreinigende' Schrullen man sich nicht beirren lassen darf, zeichnet sich nun dadurch aus, das es zahlreiche Anschauungen lehrt und entwickelt, die zumeist als der neuesten Wissenschaft angehorig gelten; die einen zucken als Gedanken- blitze auf, die anderen werden ausfiihrlich vorgetragen, aus allem aber leuchtet ein durchaus selbstandiger und originaler Geist. Ohne auf die Gesamtheit des Gebotenen einzugehen, was an dieser Stelle auch unmog- lich waire, sei nur auf einiges besonders Bemerkenswerte hingewiesen. )

G. S.

McCabe, Joseph. 1825-1925 : a century of stupendous progress. vxi-168 p. London, WATTS, 1925. 18Is

Mirabaud, Robert. CHARLES HENRY et l'idealisme scientifique. Postface de CHARLES HENRY. Appendice: note sur les travaux de CHARLES HENRY par VICTOR DELFINO. 110 p., FISCHBACIHER, Paris, 1926.

ISIS

On doit a CIHARLES HENRnY (Bollwiller, Haut-Rhin, 1859, 05, 16) la publication des wuvres mathAmatiques de FERMAT, en collaboration avec PAUL TANNERY (Isis, I, 274), un traite sur les fonctions elliptiques; en physiologie, une serie d'instruments nouveaux, dont un dynamometre, un audiometre, un photometre, et une application du calcul et de la mesure a l'6tude des ph6nomenes psycho- et socio-biologiques sous le nom de theorie du rayonnement. C'est a celle-ci que s'intaresse surtout l'auteur, qui y troiuve une justification, a la fois, de certaines doctrines chretiennes et de croyances theosophiques. La plaquette qu'il consacre i CH. HENRY est, non pas un expose critique, mais un pan6gyrique, ainsi d'ailleurs que la postface de V. DELFINO. CH. HENRY est directeur du: laboratoire de physiologie des sensations a la Sorbonne. L. G.

(Owen, Robert.) A bibliography of ROBERT OWEN, the socialist. 1771- 1858. 2"a edition, revised. viii+90 p. Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales, 1926. isis

(Raleigh, Sir Walter.) Letters of Sir WALTER RALEIGH, 1879 1922; Edited by Lady RALEIGH, with a preface by DAVID NICHOL SMITIH. 2 vols. London, METHUEN, 1926. Isis

Rammohun Roy, Raja (1772.1833). His life, writings, and speeches. vII + 275 p. Madras, Natesan, 1926. isis

Founder in 1828 of the Brahmo Samaj, q. v., Isis, III, 429.

175 XIX. C.

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Riegel, Robert E. The story of the western railroads. New York, MACMILLAN, 1926. ISis

Rosellni, Ippolito. Giornale della spedizione letteraria Toscana in Egitto negli anni 1828-1829. Pubblicato in occasione del Congresso Internazionale di Geografia tenusoti al Cairio nell' Aprile del 1925 (Reale Societa Geografica Italiana) LxIi+298 p., 2 pis , 4 illus., figs. Roma, Tipografia BEFANI, 1925 ISiS

ROSELLINI (1800-1843), one of the most brilliant young Egyptologists of his day, was leader of a Tuscan expedition which undertook an impor- tant archeological exploration of Egypt in 1828-1829 in cooperation with the French expedition under the leadership of the famous CHAMPOLLION LE JEUNE. ROSELLINI Kept a very detailed and conscientious diary record- ing his observations not only of archeological monuments but of contem- porary conditions. This diary and the author's letters written during the expedition are here edited (by G. GABRIELI) for the first time with a scholarly introduction, bibliography, and footnotes.

J. K. W.

Saint-Simon, Claude Henri, Comte de (1760-1825). De la r6organisation de la societ6 europeenne, ou de la necessite et des moyens de ras- semibler les peuples de l'Eu,tope en un seul corps politique en con- servant a chacun son independance nation ale. Par M le comte DE SAINT-SIMON et par ALFRED THIERRY, son eleve. (Octobre 1814.) Publie avec une introduction et des notes par ALFRED PEREIRE, pre- face de HENRI DE JOUVENEL. (Bibliotlieque romantique, 10) XLVi-+100 p. Paris, Les Presses franeaises, 1925. ISiS

Schelling, F. W. J. von. Recherches philosophiques sur l'essence de la liberte humaine et sur les probl6mes qui s'y rattachent. Trad. de GEORGES POLITZER. Introduction de HENRI LEFEBVRE. 234 p. RIEDER et Cie, Paris, 1926. ISis

Cette traduction de l'ouvrage le plus considerable et le plus remar- quable que SCHELLING ait e6crit sur la philosophie de la religion est pre- ced6e d'une longue introduction critique (60 p.) de H. LEFEBVRE sur la philosophic de SCItELLING: (( On ne pent 8tre disciple de SCHELLING, mais il faut l'employer, et l'on peut partir de lui, en quittant sa voie specula- tive, pour entrer dans l'epreuve de l'Atre pensant et reel, - dans la voie mystique. )) L. G.

Sdailles, Gabriel (1842-1922). Le pluralisnie de RENOUVIER. Revue- de metaphys. et de morale, 32, 407-445, 1925. Is

Fragment d'un ouvrage que pr6parait SEAILLES sur le pluralisme dans la philosophie contemporaine. La substance en est empruntee a son livre sur la (( philosophie de Ca. RENOUVIER, introduction au neo-criticisme ?, ALCAN, Paris, 1905. L. G.

Stewart, H. F. FRANCIS JENKINSON, Fellow of Trinity College, Cam- bridge, and University librarian: a memoir. VIII+ 152 p., 6 plates. Cambridge University Press, 1926. Isis

Varlot, (. Un medecin bourguignon archeologue et prehistorien, EDOUARD LOYDREAU (1819-1905J. Bulletin de la Soc. franV, d'hist. de la med., 19, 326-334, portrait, 1925. Isis

Wallace, Alfred Russel. The wonderful century: the age of new ideas in science and invention. New edition, revised and largely rewritten. 539 p. London, GEORGE ALLEN and UNWIN, 1925. ,iss

176 XIX. C.

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Webb, Beatrice (Potter) (Mrs. Sidney Webb). My apprenticeship. London, LONGMANS, 1926. Isis

XXth Century.

A. - Mathematics.

Pacotte, Jalien. La pensee mathenmatique contemporaine. vi + 128 p. in-16, F. ALCAN, Paris, 1925. sis8

(( La culture math6matique et la culture philosophique furent toujours unies et confondues aux epoques privilegiees de l'histoire de l'esprit. Notre temps a fait des decouvertes remarquables dans les deux domaines... Malheureusement, les deux cultures restent separees, et cette ignorance mutuelle, quelquefois systematique, offre a ceux qui aiment l'une et l'autre le spectacle le plus penible. J'ai voulu, dans le livre present, les mettre en contact et les offrir dans leur unite. ))

Pour ce faire, l'auteur entreprend un rapide expose des (( domaines qui sont les quatre moments de la pens6e mathematique : la logique et les principes, les grands problemes de la mathematique pure, le rapport de la mathematique au monde geometrique, cinematique et physique; enfin, le determinisme math6matique et sa critique )). D'oti quatre chapitres: le premier traite, en 25 pages, des fondements de la mathematique: les aspects nouveaux de la logique, la logistique, la reaction intuitioniste, et les 6tapes de lalgebrisme; dans le second, l'idee directrice est la notion de groupe, l'examen des differents types de groupe: fini, infini et con- tinu serf de fil conducteur (pp. 29-75); le troisi6me chapitre est con- sacr6 aux rapports de la mathematique et de la realit6 (pp. 76-107); vient, enfin, un dernier chapitre sur la critique du determinisme mathe- matique, ou l'auteur rejoint BERGSON, (( qui traite la metaphysique de la maniere la plus conforme a l'esprit de la physique mathematique con- temporaine )) (p. 118), BERGSON et sa cosmologie, (( dont les traits essen- tiels... representent la doctrine des th6oriciens les plus avances de la phy- sique concernant le rapport du formel au reel, de la mathematique a la nature )) (p. 120). Ces vues sont de nature a soulever bien des protes- tations. L. G.

C. - Natural Sciences.

Funk, Casimir. Who discovered vitamines? Science, 63, 455-56, 1926. ISIs

a We come to the conclusion, that the discovery of vitamines can not be attributed to a single man. Among the pioneer workers in this field can be named: BUNGE, ROIHMANN, STEPP, EIJKMAN, SCItAUMANN, SUZUKI and others. And the most that one can concede to (Sir FREDERICK G.) HoPKINS is that he was one of the pioneers. His distinguished services in the field of biochemistry and physiology (discovery of tryptophane, the chemistry of the muscle, the discovery of glutathion) together with his charming personality have made him, even without the title of discoverer of vitamines, one of the leaders in the biochemical world. )) (See Isis, VI, 447-8.)

I). - Medical Sciences.

Macphail, Sir Andrew. Official history of the Canadian forces in the great war. 1914-1919 The medical services. vii + 428 p. (Published by authority of the Minister of national defence, under direction of the general staff). Ottawa, F. A. ACLAND, 1925. Is's

177 Xx. C.

VOL. IX- 1 12

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XX. C.

E. - Alia

Baruzi, Jean. Philosophes et savants fran~ais du xxe siecle. Extraits et notices. I. Philosophie generale et metaphysique. xxii + 220 p. F. ALCAN, Paris, 1926. 181s

Cette anthologie des metaphysiciens frangais durant les premieres ann6es du xxe siecle pretend, et reussit a (( donner moins des extraits que des exemples. Exemple d'un th&me metaphysique, d'une recherche experimentale, d'un fait etabli techniquement. Une preoccupation theo- rique o est a done sous-jacente a une apparente dispersion )). Ces (( exempfies )) sont empruntes a JULES LACHELIER, OCTAVE HAMELIN, EMILE BOUTROUX, HENRI BERGSON, LEON BRUNSCHVICG, MAURICE BLONDEL, le R. P. LABERTHONNIERE, EDOUARD LE ROY, HENRI DEjACROIX, RENI. BERTHELOT, JULES DE GAULTIER, JACQUES MARITAIN et ALAIN. Chaque serie d'extraits est accompagnee d'une excellente notice critique et d'une note bio-bibliographique. L. G.

Poggendorff, J. C. Biographisch-literarisches Handworterbuch fur Mathematik, Astronomie, Physik, Chemie und verwandte Wissen- schaftsgebiete. Bd. V: 1904-1922. Redigiert von P. WEINMEISTER. 1. Abtlg. : A-K. iv + 695 S. Leipzig, Verlag Chemie, 1925. isis

Poirier, R. Philosophes et savants francais du xxe siecle. II. La philo- sophie de la science. xxiv + 234 p F. ALCAN, Paris, 1926. Isis

Ces extraits, tout comme ceux donnes par BARUZI (v. supra), sont des ( exemples )). Ils sont empruntes a des savants a qui Isis a eu maintes fois l'occasion de s'int6resser (je ne donne que les references importantes): EDMOND GOBLOT (III, 391-5; IV, 565-6); ABEL REY (V, 484-5; VIII, 339-40); GASTON MILTAUD (I, 53-61; III, 391-5; V, 462-9); EMILE MEYERSON (IV, 382-5; VII, 517-20); A. LALANDE; LtON BRUNSCHVICO (I, 579-89, 721-34; V 479-83); Louis WEBER; EDOUARD LE ROY. Un autre volume donnera des extraits de L. COUTURAT, A. DARBON, P. DUIIEmr, H. POINCARIE, etc. Ces fragments sont, en quelque sorte, relies les uns aux autres par un copieux avertissement qui ouvre le volume; une notice cri- tique et une note biographique precedent chacun d'eux.

L. G.

PART 11.

Historical Classification. Including only the items which could not be included in Part I-the

fundamental (centurial) classification. Hence a student of Muslim science, for example, should not peruse simply the notes collected below under the heading ( Islam ); he should examine as well those included above under the headings viith century, vilth century, etc.

Contents: I. Antiquity': 1. Antiquity (generalities); 2. Egypt; 3. Babylonia

and Assyria; 4. Greece; 5. Rome. II. Middle Ages : 6. Middle Ages (generalities); 7. Byzantium.

III. Oriental Science and Civilization : 8 Asia (generalities; Western Asia; Central Asia; Eastern Asia); 9. India; 10. China; 11. Japan; 12, Israel; 13 Iran; 14 Islam.

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ANTIQUITY

I. - ANTIQUITY.

1. - Antiquity (generalities).

Conteneau, Georges. La civilisation phenicienne. 396 p., 137 illustra- tions. Paris, PAYOT, 1926. Isis

Cet ouvrage fait suite a l'Histoire de la civilisation egyptienne de GusTAVE JEQUIER (1913), que j'ai analysee dans Isis, I, 503 (nouv. edit., Isis, VIII, 581), mais il en differe essentiellement parce qu'il est con- struit a une echelle beaucoup plus grande. En effet, notre connaissance de l'antiquite phenicienne est incomparablement moindre que celle de l'antiquite egyptienne, et cependant l'ouvrage de CONTENAU est plus etendu que celui de JEQUIER. Bien entendu, nous ne nous en plaignons pas. Sous une forme tres compacte, cet ouvrage nous donne une vraie encyclopedie de l'ancienne Ph6nicie, la premiere qui soit publiee en francais; il n'existe d'ailleurs pas d'ouvrage comparable ni aussi bien au courant dans aucune autre langue. L'auteur, attache au Departement des Anti- quites orientales du Louvre, et charge de missions archeologiques en Syrie, a lui-meme dirige des fouilles archeologiques en Phenicie; il etait donc tout d6signe pour creer cette synthese. L'ouvrage est divise comme suit: 1. Sources. G6ographie, Histoire (ceci contient un apercu de l'his- toire de l'6rudition relative a la Ph6nicie); 2. Religion; 3. Art; 4. Art funeraire; 5. Agriculture, navigation, commerce (29 p., excellent resume qui interessera l'historien de la science a plusieurs titres: ports, periple d'HANNON, navires, etain et mines, pourpre, etc.); 6. Alphabet, langage phenicien (la decouverte de l'alphabet phenicien doit remonter au XIIIe siecle av. J.-C.); 7. La Phenicie et la Grece. Origine de la civili- sation phenicienne. L'auteur donne l'etat present de toutes ces questions et ne craint pas d'exposer son point de vue personnel, qui merite notre respect. L'ouvrage est complete par une bibliographie, un tableau chrono- logique qui nous permet de synchroniser la civilisation phenicienne et les autres civilisations contemporaines, et un index excellent. I1 contient beaucoup d'illustrations; celles-ci sont un peu petites et pas tres claires, mais nous n'osons nous en plaindre, car de meilleures illustrations aug- menteraient considerablement le prix du volume. G. S.

Kennedy, Sir Alexander Blackle William. Petra: its history and monuments. xxv + 88 p., pl. London, Country Life, 1925. isis

Kumm, H K. W. Africa as knowvn to the Greek and Roman geogra. phers. Scottish Geographical Magazine, vol. 42, 1926, pp. 11-12,

ISIS

Meister, Karl. FRANZ BOLL und die Erforschung der antiken Astro- logie. Nenie Jahrbiicher f. Wiss. und Jugendbildung, 1, 321-330, 1925. (Portrait.) ISIS

Mori, Assunto. Per la storia della geografia didattica. 1. L'insegna- mento della geografia nell' antichita. Estratto della Rivista di geografia didattica, fasc. V-VI, 1925. 12 p. Firenze, Stabil. Tipog. E. ARIANI, 1925. IBIS

Reinach, Salomon. Monuments nouveaux de l'art antique, I. 418 p., 233 fig. Paris, SIMON KRA. 1924. IBsI

Reviewed in Journal des Savants, 23, 271-273, 1925, by A. MERLIN.

Sudhoff. Karl. Mutterrohr und Verwandtes im medizinischen Instru- mentarium der Antike Tafel I bis III. Archiv fiir Geschichte der Medizin, Bd 18, 51-71, 1926. Isis

179

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EGYPT. BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA. GREECE

2. - EOYPT.

Budge, Sir Ernest A. Wallis. Tha mummy: a handbook of Egyptian funerary archeology. Second edition, revised and greatly enlarged. xxiv + 513 p , 39 pi Cambridge University Press, 1926. ,szs

First published in 1893, again in 1894.

Ebbel, B. Die aegyptische Krankheitsnamen. Z. f. aigyptische Sprache u. Altertunisskunde, Bd. 59, 55-59, 144-9, 1924. Iss8

C. R. de J. G. DE LINT in Janus, 29, 306-9, 1925.

Kelmer, Ludwig. Die Pflanze des Gottes Min. Z f. iigypt. Sprache u. Altertumskunde, 140-143, 1924. Iis

Paton, David. Animals of ancient Egypt. (Materials for a - Sign list , of Egyptian hieroglyphs ,, E ). Princeton, University Press, 1925. Isi8

Petrie, Sir W. Flinders. Ancient Egyptians. Compiled and abs- tracted upon the plan organized by HERBERT SPENCER (Descrip- tive sociology : or groups of sociological facts, classified and arranged by HERBERT SPENCER, No. 11). 79 p., 3 tables. London, WILLIAMS and NORGATE, 1926. 181i

Read, F. W. Egyptian religion and ethics. vin + 152 p., 6 pi. London, WATTS, 1925. 1sis

Wieleitner, H. Kannten die iEgypter den Begriff cines allgemeinen Bruches? Mitteilungen zur Geschichte der Medizin und der Natur- wissenschaften, 25, 1-4, 1926. Isis

3. - BABYLONIA and ASSYRIA.

Darmstadter, Ernst. Vorliiufige Bemlerkungen zu den assyrischen chemischtechnischen Rezepten Z. f. Assyriologie, 36, 302-4, 1925 . ss

Elsler, Robert. Der babylonische TUrsprung der Alchemie. Clhen. Ztg., 49, 577-578, 602, 1925. I8s

Haupt, Paul. The cuneiform prototype of cipher and zero. (Philolo- gical studies, No. 7). The American Journal of Philology, vol. 45, 57-59, 1924. Is8i

Both cipher and zero are ultimately derived from Ass. sipru, message.

Zimmern, Heinrich Assyrische chemisch-technische Rezepte fur Ierstellung farbiger, glasierter Ziegel, in Umschrift und Ueber- setzung, Z. f. Assyr. 36, 177-208. 1925. 1sxs

4. - GREECE.

Cook, Arthur Bernard. Zeus, a study in ancient religion. Vol. 2. Zeus God of the dark sky (thunder and lightning). Part 1. Text and notes. Part 2. Appendixes and index. XLIV - 1398 p., 47 pl., 1024 text-figures. Cambridge University Press, 1926. is's

Oardiner, Edward Norman. Olympia, its history and remains. xvm+-316p. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1925. isIS

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GREECE. ROME

Gerkan Armin von. Griechische St:tdteanlagen. Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung des Stiidtebaues im Altertum. xiv+173 S. Berlin, WALTER DE GRUYTER, 1924. ISIa

Olotz, Gustave. The Aegean civilization. xvi+422 p., 87 illus,, 3 maps, 4 pl. (The history of civilization ) Translated by M. R. DOBIE and E. M. RILEY. London, KEGAN PAUL, 1925. Isis

Hutton, Maurice. The Greek point of view. London, HODDER and STOUGHTON, 1925. Isis

lUberg, Johannes. Die Aerzteschule von Knidos Berichte iiber die Ver- handlungen delr Sachsischen Aksdemie der Wissenschaflen zu Leipzig. Phil.-hist. Kl., Pd. 76, 26 S, 1924. Leipzig, S. HIRZEL, 1925. Isis

Discussion of the Cnidian writings which have come down to us in the Hippocratic Corpus. As the author remarks, the lack of critical spirit of the Coan editors was in some ways very fortunate: ( Wir wollen es nicht allzusehr beklagen, dass es damals noch keine hohere Hiippokrateskritik gegeben hat und fur das Corpus kein ANDRONIKOS VON IRHoDOS erstan,den ist wie fiir den aristotelischen Nachlass des Peri- patos. Ein solcher Kritiker wiirde moglicherweise alles Knidische aus- geschieden haben, und wir verfiigten dann allein iber die wenigen Nach- richten und Bruchstiicke, die sonst von den Vertretern der alteren Schule vorhanden sind. Vor allem iiber die altionische Geschichte der Gynako- logie wiiren wir dann nur ganz mangelhaft unterrichtet und bei dem Verluste der friiheren hellenistischen Gynakologen fast nur auf die aus- gezeichneten, aber nicht allzu umfangreichen und' dazu liuckenhaften Tuva1KE!a des SORANOS VON EPHESOS aus trajanischer Zeit angewiesen, die einen Abglanz der Forscherleistungen des grossen HEROPHILOS und seiner Nachfolger darbieten, 'das Protevangelium der modernen Gyniako- logie', wie sie DIELS einmal genannt hat. )

Rose, Herbert Jennings. Primitive culture in Greece. Ix+245 p. Lon- don, METHUEN, 1925. Iss1

Schiaparelli, Oiovanni Virg. (1835-1910). Scritti sulla storia della astronomia antica Parte I. Scritti editi, Tomo primo. vni+462 p. Bologna, ZANICHELI, 1924. ,s,t

Reviewed by L. GUINET in Isis, VIII, 503-6.

Theiler, Wilhelm. Zur Geschichte der teleologischen Naturbetrach- tung bis auf ARISTOTELES. x+104 S. Ziirich, ORELL FUSSLI, 1925.

Isis

5. - ROME.

Foord, Edward. The last age of Roman Britain 294 p. London. HAR- RAP, 1926. IsIS

Home, Gordon Cochrane. Roman London. With a chronology com- piled by EDWARD FOORD. London, ERNEST BENN, 1926. Isis

Nilsson, Martin. Imperial Rome. I. Men and events II. The Empire and its inhabitants. Translated from the Swedish by GEORGE CHATTERTON RICHARDS. XVI + 376 p., 24 pl, London, BELL, 1926

IISI

181

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ROME. MIDDILE AGES

Rivoira, Giovanni Teresio (1851-1919). Roman architecture and its principles of construction under the Empire: with an Appendix on the evolution of the dome up to the xvnIlt century Translated from the Italian by G MeN. RUSHFORTH. 341 p. London, Oxford University Press. 1926. Isis

Italian edition, Milano, HOEPLI, 1921.

Schulthess, Otto. Die romischen Okulistenstempel von der Enge- halbinsel Bern Jahrbuch des Bernischen Historischen Museums in Bern, III. Jah rgang 1923, 85-95. ISis

Sigerlst, Henry E. Kasseniirzte im Altertum? Mitteilungen zur Ge- schichte der Medizin und der Naturwissenschaften, 25, 65-67, 1926.

ISIS

< Wir tun besser, wenn wir kiinftig nicht mehr von Krankenkassen und Kassenartzen im Altertum reden. )

1I. MIDDLE AGES.

6. - MIDDLE AOiES.

(Generalitiess)

B6dier, Joseph. Les fabliaux, etudes de litterature populaire et d'his- toire litteraire du Moyen Age Quatrieme e'dition revue et corrigee. viii+499 p. Paris, CHAMPION, 1925. ISIs

Beenken, Hermann. Romanische Skulptur in Deutschland, xi und xii. Jahrhutndert. Leipzig, KLINKItARDT & BIERMANN, 1924. Isis

Very interesting, illustrated review by A. KINGSLEY PORTERP in Spe- culum, I, 233-242, 1926.

Beeson, Charles H. A primer of medieval Latin. An anthology of prose and verse. 389 p. Chicago, SCOTT, FORESMAN, 1925. 138i

Clark, Charles Upson, and Game, Josiah Bethea. Medieval and late Latin selections. iv+242 p. Chicago, AMENTZER, BUSH, 1925. Isis

Coulton, 0. 0. The medieval village. (Cambridge Studies in medieval Life and Thought.) xxvIu+60'4 p., 4 plates, 14 test-fig. Cambridge University Press, 1925. Isis

Deanesly, Margaret. A history of the medieval Church, 590-1500, 250 p. London, METHUEN, 1926. ISiS

Qougaud, (Dom) Louis. Devotions et pratiques ascetiques du Moyen Age. Paris, LETHIELLEUX, 1926. IS8s

Harrlngton, Karl Pomeroy. Mediaeval Latin. xxix+698 p. Boston, ALLYN and BACON, 1925. ISIs

Haskins, Charles Homer. The spread of ideas in the Middle Ages. Speculum, 1, 19-30, 1926i. IsIS

( Certain historians have stressed the regional, others the general, ele- ments in medieval culture, with a tendency toward a vague and mystical Volksgeist on the one hand or an equally vague and mystical Zeitgeist on the other. A more realistic view of medieval society may be reached by considering briefly the more common ways by which ideas passed, and noting some matters toward which investigation may profitably be directed. ))

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MIDDLE AGES

Lagercrantz, Otto. Alchemistische Rezepte des spiiteren Mittelalters aus dem GIriechischen iibersetzt. 22 S. Berlin, JULIUS SPRINGER. 1925. Isis

Langlois, Charles Victor. La vie en France an moyen age, de la fin dau xI au milieu (du XIve siecle d'apres des moralistes du temps. xxvm-I+387 p. Paris, HACHETTE, 1925. Isli

Reviewed by C. W. DAVID in The American Historical Review, XXXI, 560-1, 1926. See Isis, VIII, 586. First edition, 1908.

Nunn, Henry Preston Vaughan. An introduction to ecclesiastical Latin. xmi+ 162 p. Cambridge University Press, 1922. Isis

Poole, Reginald Lane. Chronicles and annals: a brief outline of their origin and growth. 79 p. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1926. iss

Reviewed by CHARLES H. HASKINS in Speculum, 1, 243, 1926.

Prior, W. H. Notes on the weights and measures of medieval England. 50 p. Paris, CiAMPION, 1925. Is8s

Sartiaux, Felix. Foi et science au moyen age. 256 p, F. RIEDER et Ci1, Paris, 1926. [9 fr.] IsIs

Excellent expose d'ensemble de la pensee religieunse et scientifique du moyen age occidental latin, entrepris (( dans un esprit independant de toute metaphysique: l'esprit des sciences et de la philosophic positive )). La periode envisagee, qui court du ve siecle au milieu du xve, est par- tagee par l'auteur en trois grandes phases qui correspondent aux prin- cipales divisions de l'histoire de l'Eglise : la conquete chretienne, du ve au milieu du xie siecle (pp. 11-74); l'apogee de la puissance ecclsiastique, de la fin du xIe a celle du xiiim <pp. 75-158); et le d6clin de l'Eglise, dess le xive siecle (pp. 159-224). L'etude de chacune de ces trois epoques est partagee en trois chapitres : 1. Etat ge6nral de la civilisation et des croyances (facteurs politiques, facteurs sociaux, la foi, le clerg6, les her&- sies, les mceurs); 2. Les sciences et l'esprit scientifique, (( qui delimitent le domaine dies speculations et mesurent le degr6 de liberte et d'invention intellectuelles ); 3. Les speculations theologiques et m6taphysiques, (( qui sont liees a la foi et a des speculations ant6rieures )). Ce plan est extre- mement judicieux; 1''rudition de l'auteur est suire, mals aussi, prudente, comme il sied (par exemplle: une invention remarquable avait ete faite ou importee au xlui sicle : celle de la boussole) (p. 116).

L. G.

Snape, Robert Hugh. English monastic finances in the later Middle Ages. (Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought.) ix+190 p. Cambridge University Press, 1926. sis

Speculum. A journal of mediaeval studies. Published quarterly by the Mediaeval Academy of America. Vol. 1, n? 1, January 1926 (Address: 248 Boylston Street, Room 312, Boston, Mass.) Isis

The purpose of this newly founded Academy is (( to conduct, encourage, promote and support research, publication, and instruction in mediaeval records, literature, languages, arts, archaeology, history, philosophy, science, life, and all other aspects of mediaeval civilization ))... EDWARD KENNARD RAND, Professor of Latin at Harvard, is President; RALPH ADAMs CuRAM, Clerk. Active membership, five dollars per annum. The first number of Speculum makes a very good impression. Articles of interest to the readers of Isis will be mentioned and, if necessary, ana- lysed in our Critical Bibliographies. Our every good wish to the New

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MIDDLE AGES. BYZANTIUM. ASIA

Academy and to its Mirror! I hope they will remember that the Middle Ages were not exclusively Latin or Greek, but that some of the most important contributions were written in other languages, notably in Arabic. G. S.

Stange, Otto and Dittrich, Paul. Vox latina; lateinisches Lesebuch fur die oberen Klassen, fur Studierende, und fur Freunde humanistis- cher Bildung. III: Ausgewahlte Proben lateinischen Schrifttums von 200 n. Chr. bis zur Gegenwart. vI-146 p. Leipzig, DIETERICHy 1925. IsIS

Tonnelat, Ernest. Les epopees allemandes du moyen age et leurs sources litteraires. Bulletin de l'Association Guillaume Bude, avril, 1926, p. 39-48. Isls

Wulf, Maurice de. History of mediaeval philosophy. Translated by ERNEST C. MESSENGER. 2 vols. Vol. I : From the beginnings to AI,BERT THE GREAT. xvI+416 p. London, LONGMANS, GREEN, 1925.

ISIS

7. - BYZANTIUM.

Baynes, Norman H. The Byzantine empire. 256 p. (The Home Uni- versity Library.) London, WILLIAM and NORGATE, 1925. Isis

II. - ORIENTAL SCIENCE AND CIVILIZATION.

8. - ASIA.

Central Asia.

Combe, 0. A. A Tibetan on Tibet: being the travels and observations of Mr. PAUL SHERAP (DORJE ZODBA) of Tachienlu. With an intro- ductory chapter on Buddhism, and a concluding chapter on the Devil Dance. xx+212 p. London, T. FISHER UNWIN, 1926. ISIS

Lha-mo, Rin-chen (Mrs. Louis King). We Tibetans : an intimate picture, by a woman of Tibet, of an interesting and distinctive people, in which it is shown how they live, their beliefs, their outlook, their work and play, and how they regard themselves and others. 228 p. London, SEELEY, SERVICE, 1926. ISis

Eastern Asia.

(Including works relative to the whole of Buddhist Asia, or to India, Central and Eastern'Asia combined.)

lItudes aslatiques. Publiees a l'occasion du vingt-cinquieme anniver- saire de l'Ecole fran-aise d'Extreme-Orient par ses membres et collaborateurs. Publications de l'Ecole, vol. 19 et 20, viI-+376 p., 435 p., 59 pi. Paris, VAN OGST, 1925. IBIS

Les articles nous concernant sont renseignes a leurs places respectives dans la presente bibliographie; voir a l'index: J. BLOCH, A. FOUCHER, S. LevI, GEORGES MASPERO. G. S.

Patte, Etienne. Notes sur le prehistorique indo-chinois. III. Etude anthropologique du crane neolithique de Minh Cam (Annam). 28 p., 24 fig. IV. Le Kjokkenmidding neolithiqne du Bau Tro a Tam tao, pres de Don Hoi (Annam). 32 p , 7 pl. Bulletin du Service geologique de l'lndochine, t. 13, fasc. 5; t. 14, fasc. 1., Hanoi, 1925.

ISIS

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Rosenberg, Otto. Die Weltanschauung des modernen Buddhismus im fernen Osten. Aus dem Russischen tibersetzt von PH. SCHAEFFER. Mit einer biographischen Skizze von TH. STCHERBATSKY. (Mate- rialien zur Kunde des Buddhismus herausgegeben von M. WAILE- SER, Hefi 6.) 47 S. Heidelberg. 1924. IBIS

Lecture delivered at the first Buddhist exhibition in St. Petersburg, 1919. OTTO KARL JULIUS ROSENBERG, born in Friedrichstadt, Courland, in 1888; died at Scharlach in 1919. He published two very important works: A survey of Buddhist terms and names arranged according to radicals with Japanese readings and Sanscrit equivalents, Tokyo, 1916; and Arrangement of Chinese characters according to an alphabetical sys- tem with Japanese dictionary of 8,000 characters and list of 22,000 cha- racters, Tokyo, 1916. He had completed in manuscript a complete Japa- nese-Russian dictionary. G. S.

Sarton, George. Art as an approach to Asia The Yale Review, vol. 15, 540-552, 1926. Isis

(( To reach a direct and entire comprehension of Buddhist Asia by literary means is an almost impossible task, which will remain for ever beyond the power of all but a very few Western scholars. Indeed, it would necessitate the study of at least four or five very difficult lan- guages: Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan, Chinese, Japanese. The study of its art is a short cut. The essential message of a work of art is understood at once, if understood at all. Even as the history of science affords the best means of grasping the essential feature of Western civilization and the logic of its growth, the history of art is the master key to the heart of Asia.

( East and West, art and science-they represent the two fundamental and complementary phases of human experience. They meet in the soul of every great artist who is more than an artist and whose love is not restricted to beauty; they meet also in the soul of every great scientist who has been brought to realize that truth, however precious, is not the whole of life, that it must be completed by beauty and charity. East and West, 'the twain' are twins. )

9. - INDIA

Caland, William Das Srautasutra des Apastamba. Achtes bis fiinf- zehntes Buch (Verhandelingen der Kon. Akademie van Weten- schappen te Amsterdam: Afdeeling Letterkunde, nieuwe reeks, deel XXIV, 2.) 468 p. Amsterdam, 1924. isIS

Reviewed in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 528-29, 1925, by L. D. BARNETT.

Chirol, Sir Valentine. India. London, BENN, 1926. Isis

Jayaswal, K. P. Hindu polity: a constitutional history of India in Hindu times. 2 vols. in one. xxxn+219 and 277 p. Calcutta, 1924.

Isis Reviewed in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 519-21, 1925,

by P. W. THOMAS.

Masuda, Jiryo. Der individualistische Idealismus der Yogacara-Schule. Versuch einer genetischen Darstellung. (Materialien zur Kunde des Buddhismzzs, Heft 10.) 76 S. Heidelberg, 1926. tsis

McCrlndle, J' W. Ancient India as described by MEGASTHENES and ARRIAN. Being a translation of fragments of the Indika of MEGAS-

185 ASIA. INDIA

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THENES, collected by Dr. SCHWANBECK and of the first part of the Indika of ARRIAN. With introduction, notes and a map of Ancient India. Reprinted (with additions) from the Indian Antiquary, 1876-1877. xiii, 227 p. London, KEGAN PAUL, etc., 1926. Isis

Rathgen, Bernhard. Die Pulverwaffe in Indien. Ostasiatische Ztschr., 12, 11-30, 1925. Isis

Sencourt, Robert. India in English literature. London, SIMPKIN, MARS- HALL, 1926. fals

Stephen, Dorothea. Indian history chart. Christian Literature Society, Park Town. Madras (1926). Price, folded with cloth cover, Rs. 5.4; imounted on rollers with index, Rs. 4.4. I- sis

By a strange coincidence this Indian chart appears almost at the same time as CARTER'S Chinese chart which is reviewed below. The compil- ation of the Indian chart has been done with considerable care, but it is not at all as clear as the Chinese chart because the Madras publishers have printed it entirely in one color. Otherwise it is very good, and it will serve its purpose very well indeed'. It measures 70 by 27 inches. Landmarks of world's history are noted in the margin to help towards a comparative view. Unfortunately Indian chronology is far less certain than Chinese chronology. My only criticism is that dates are sometimes quoted with an exaggerated precision (e. g., Early Vedic hymns c. 1200 B. C.). Of course, this is a drawback of the chart system. The chart maker, even as the map maker, is often obliged to be more precise than he would wish. The chart is completed by a little index contained in a separate booklet. I am very fond of such charts; I believe they constitute an excellent means of giving young students a broad' view of the past, and of making them realize that their own existence is but a very short episode. G. S.

Vallauri, Mario. L'antica tossicologia indiana. Riv. di storia d. sc. med. e natur., 17, 5-21. 1926. ISIs

L'antique m6decine indienne comprend, entre autres elements, une toxicologie, ou, plus exactement, une th6orie de la science des antidotes, qu'il ne faut pas s'etonner de trouver dans un pays ou la richesse de la flore et de la faune cr6e un grand nombre de poisons. L'auteur expose ici le deiveloppement atteint dans cette branche du savoir m6dical aux premiers siecles de l'ere chretienne. L. G.

Walleser, Max. Sprache und Heimat des Pali-Kanons. (Materialien zur Kunde des Buddhismus, Heft 4 ) 24 S. Heidelberg, 1924. Isis

Walleser, Max. Was bedeutet (( Pali ))? Ztschr. f. Btddhismus, 7, 56-67, 1926. ms,s

Walleser, Max. Zur Aussprache des Sanskrit und Tibetischen. (Mate- rialien zur Kunde des Buddlhismus, Hefc 11.) 39 S. Heidelberg, 1926. Isis

10. - CHINA.

Boerschmann, Ernst. Chinesisohe Architektur. 2 vols. 160 S., 39 Abbil- dungen, Tafeln. Berlin, 1925. is8S

Carter, Thomas Francis (1882-1925). Periods of Chinese history, and parallelism with that of the West. Boston. GINN, 1926. I"a

Our readers will remember the long review (Isis, VIII, 361-73) devoted to CARTER'S Invention of Printing. The much-lamented scholar had pre- pared with considerable ingenuity this splendid wall map which enables

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CHINA. JAPAN

one to have a very concrete idea of the enormous development of Chinese history. The chart (which may be obtained also in folded form) measures 30 by 60 inches. ( Its most conspicuous feature is the central column in colors, where the main dynasties are shown in their proper propor- tions against the dates in the margins. All minor dynasties and d6tails are omitted. Another column shows the characteristic features of each dynasty and its parallelism with corresponding Western history. Two other columns show the development, dynasty by dynasty, of Chinese literature and Chinese art, while in a final column the inventions which China has given to the world are shown in chronological relation. ) This chart will be very useful for teaching purposes. For American classes it has the additional advantage of showing the extraordinary brevity of American evolution as compared with that of the Old World and of giving the student a truer perspective of the past and a greater sense of rever- ence and humility. (See DOROTHEA STEPHEN'S Chart under India, above.)

G. S.

Laufer, Berthold. Chinese baskets. 38 plates, 12 by 9 inches. With preface of 2 p. (Anthropology design series No. 3.) Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1925. ~s

Very fine publication primarily intended for the designer, craftsman and art student. Brief but excellent introduction. It is strange that this is the first study devoted to Chinese baskets, but their technique has been described in other publications dealing with baskets of the Philippines and of Japan. G. S.

Pereira, George. From Peking to Lhasa: the narrative of journeys in the Chinese Empire. Compiled by Sir FRANCIS YOUNGHUSBAND from notes and diaries supplied by Major-General Sir CECII, PEREIRA. x+293 p., 33 plates. London, CONSTABLE, 1926. Isis

Rodrigues, Francisco. Jesuitas portugueses astronomos ua China: 1583-1805. 125 p. in-8o, 1 pl.. Porto medico, Porto, 1925. Isis

Compte rendu dans Revue des Questions scientifiques, 9, 237-8, 1926.

Saussure, Leopold De. La chronologie chinoise et l'avenement des Tcheou. T'oiing-Pao, vol. 23, 287-346, 1924. lots

Strange, Edward Fairbrother. Chinese lacquer. xui+71 p., 44 pl. Lon- don, ERNEST BENN, 1926. isis

Ward, John Sebastian Marlow and Stirling, William George. The IHung Society, or the Society of Heaven and Earth. Vol. I. London, Baskerville Press, 1925. s,is

11. - JAPAN.

Adler, Paul, Sachw6rterbuch zur japanischen Literatur. 138 S. Frank- furt a M. Frankfurter Verlags-Anstalt, 1926. Isis

Interesting but on too small a scale and too elementary to be of much use to the scholar. G . S.

*Hartel, Fritz. TUeber die Entwicklung der japanischen Medizin in der Vergangenheit und Gegenwart. Zeitschift fuiir rztliche Fort- bildung, Heft 13, 413 415, 1925. Isis

Nachod, 0. Bibliography of Japan for 1915-1916. Asia major, vol I, 1924, p 683-743. a6ns

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JAPAN. ISRAE,. IRAN. ISLAM.

A running discussion of publications in European languages and of the years 1915-1916 relating to Japan, with bibliographical details in the footnotes. Forms a continuation of similar current bibliographies by the same author in the Jahresberichte der Geschichtswissenschaft and in Asia major, Introductory Volume. (Hirth Anniversary Volume), Lon- don, 1922, pp. 644-705. J. K. W.

Reischauer, August Karl. Studies in Japanese Buddhism. xviiI+361 p. London, MACMILLAN, 1926. Iss,

Reprint of a work originally published in 1917.

12. - ISRAEL

Herford, Robert Travers. The Pharisees. 248 p. New York, MACMIL- LAN, 1924. s18s

A very welcome rehabilitation of the Pharisees who have been conti- nuously misunderstood and slandered not only by the Christians but by the Jews themselves. The author has published an exceient summary of his views in The truth about the Pharisees, 45 pages, New York, the Menorah Press, 1925.

Lods, Adolphe. Les idees des anciens Israelites sur la musique. Jour- nal de psyclologie normale et pathol., 13, 239-264, 1926. Isis

Oesterley, William Oscar Emil. The Jewish background of the Christian liturgy. 243 p. Oxford University Press, 1925. Is8I

Wade, Oeorge Woosung. The books of the prophets Micah, Obadiahl Joel, and Jonah. With introduction and notes. London, METHUEN, 1926. BIST

13. - IRAN.

Meillet, Antoine. Trois conferences sur les GAtha de 1'Avesta, faites a 1'Universite d'Upsal pour la fondation Olaus Petri. (Annales du Musee Guimet: Bibliotheque de vulgarisation, t. 44 ) 72 p., Paris, 1925. 1t1s

(Peshotan SanJana, Shams-UI-Ullema Dastur Darab.) Indo Iranian studies, being commemorative papers contributed by European, American and Indian scholars in his honour. vIIi-290 p. London, KEGAN PAUL, 1926. Is8I

14. - ISLAM.

De Lens, A R. Pratique des harems marocains Sorcellerie, medecine, beaute. Avec une preface par les docteurs SPEDER et LEPINAY. xvi+96 p PAUL GEUTHNER, Paris, 1925. Isis

Mme A. R. DE LENS, fille et petite-fille de m6decins, admise dans les families marocaines grace a sa connaissance de la la;nge et des coutumea arabes, a a su faire parler les vieilles ) qui ont le secret des remedes qui guerissent, qui distribuent les recettes matrimoniales, les recettes de beaut6, qui connaissent les moyens de faire cesser la pluie aussi bien que de faire pleuvoir. Elle a ainsi recueilli une curieuse collection de pra- tiques contre la maladie surtout, pratiques actuellement employees, dont certaines sont simples, d'autres tres comipliquees, avec lesquelles ont a compter les medecins europeens lorsqu'ils sont appeles, malgre la mnfiance qu'ils inspirent, a soigner un Marocain. Ces recettes ( m*dicales ) sont groupees sous les chefs de : medecine generale, maladies veneriennes, maladies infantiles, fecondit, sterilite, impuissance, maladies des femmes. Voici, par exemple, un remede preconise contre les fievres paludeennes: (( Piler des clous de girofle; au moyen de bandages, on maintiendra cette

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poudre autour dii pouce et du gros orteil correspondant du malade; le couvrir beaucoup, afin qu'il transpire. ) Ailleurs, c'est le fiel de gre- nouille, la terre de cimetiere, les poils de negresse, les os de poulet, les jeunes souris, etc. Ce recueil, qui ne pouvait d'ailleurs apporter aucune rev6lation, mais qui fixe un etat de civilisation qui pourrait bien dispa- raltre assez vite, au nmoins dans sa generalite, est malheureusement donne sans aucun commentaire. L. G.

Farmer, Henry George. The canon and eschaquiel of the Arabs. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, April 1926, p 239-256. IsIs

Answers to the objection made by A. H. Fox-SRANGWAYS to the author's Arabian influence in musical theory (see Isis, VIII, 508-11). ( It is tolerably clear that the Arabs knew of the keyboard principle of the vir- ginal-exaquir in the ninth-twelfth century. Further, some of the writings of the BANUt MfUSA were known to the Andalusian Arabs, and some were even translated into Latin (Liber trium fratum) by GERARD OF CREMONA, and their Alat illati tuzammnir binafsiha may have been one of them. It was this knowledge, plus what Mr. FOX-STRANOWAYS is pleased to call a ( mere philological guess ), that prompted me to suggest among my c clues > for the Arabian influence, that < the European instrument known as the eschaquiel or exaquir was surely derived from the Arabian mishqar or al-shaqira. o G. S.

Oairdner, William Henry Temple. The phonetics of Arabic. A phonetic inquiry and practical manual for the pronunciation of classical Arabic and of one colloquial (the Egyptian). (The Ame- rican University at Cairo, Oriental Studies). 107 p. London, MIL- FORD, 1926. IIsa

Holmyard, E. J. " Alchemistische Decknamen -. Nature, 117, 155, 1926. Isis

Kennett, Austin. Bedouin justice: laws and customs among the Egyptian Bedouin. xv + 158 p., 8 pl. Cambridge, University Press, 1925. is

Longrigg, Stephen Hemsley Four centuries of Modern Iraq. x -- 378 p. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1925. 1sis

Massignon, Louis. Enquete sur les corporations musulmanes d'artisans et de commergants au Maroc. I)D'apres les r6ponses a la circulaire residentielle du 15 novembre 1923, envoyee sous le timbre de la Direction des Affaires Indigenes et du Service des Renseignements. Publiee avec des tableaux synoptiques, une bibliographie som- maire de l'histoire du travail en Islam, un index et onze planches. 251 p. Paris, ERNEST LEROUX, 1925. IsIs

L'interet de cette enquAte n'est pas exclusivement administratif et sociologiqae; l'historien trouvera avantage a la consulter, car l'Islam ne change pas vite, surtout au Maroc. On y trouvera, par exemple, un historique des classements corporatifs en Islam (en commengant par celui de l'encyclop6die des Ikhwani al-safa'), des notes interessantes sur la repartition des metiers par quartiers, sur les conditions canoniques du travail, sur les corporations (hant.), sur l'influence juive. Differents specimens d'actes corporatifs sont reproduits en fac-simile. I1 y a aussi une excellente bibliographie et un index des termes corporatifs arabes.

G. S.

O'Leary, De Lacy. Colloquial Arabic. With notes on the vernacular speech of Egypt, Syria, and Mesopotamia,, and an appendix on the local characteristics of Algerian dialect. xvmiI + 192 p. Lon- don, KEGAN PAULr, 1926. IsIS

189 ISLAM.

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Ronzevalle, L. (S. J.) Un traite de inusique arabe moderne Preface traduction frangaise. texte et notes. Aielanges de la faculte Orien- tale, Universite Saint-Joseph, t. 6, 1-124, Beyrouth, 1913. isls

Ce traite est dui a MICIIEL MUSIHAQA, ne dans le Liban en 1800, devenu protestant en 1848, consul des Etats-Unis a Damas, ou il mourut en 1888.. I1 avait dej'a ete publie par le Pere RONZEVALLE dans Al-Machriq, t. II, 1899, et tire a part, 80 p., Beyrouth, 1899. R. E. SMITHI en a publie une traduction anglaise dans le Journal of the American Oriental Society, Boston, 1849.

Smith, David Eugen. The early contributions of CARL SCHOY. The Anmerican Mathematical Monthly, 33, 28-31. 1926. mIsa

PART 111.

Systematic Classification.

Including only the material which could not be included in Parts I and II. Hence studies on Japanese astronomy or on xiiith century astro- nomy are not classified below under astronomy, but above, respectively under Japan (in Part II) anId xxiith century (in Part I).

The sections forming 'Part IlI are classified as follows:

I. Science in general: 15. Bibliography; 16. History; 17. Organiza- tion; 18. Philosophy.

II. Formal sciences (Knowledge of forms) : 19. Logic and Theory of Knowledge; 20. Mathematics; 21. Statistical methods.

III. Physical sciences (Knowledge of inorganic nature) : 22. Mechanics; 23. Astronomy; 24. Physics; 25. Chemistry (physico-chemistry; industrial chemistry); 26. Technology.

IV. Biological sciences (Knowledge of organic nature): 27. Biology (generalities, ( Natural History ))); 28. Botany (agronomy; phytopathology; palaeobotany); 29. Zoology.

V. Sciences of the earth (implying know~,ledge of both organic and inorganic nature): 30. Geodesy; 31. Geography and Oceano- graphy; 32. Geology, Mineralogy, Palaeontology, Mining; 33. Meteorology, Climatology, and Terrestrial Physics.

VI. Anthropological and historical sciences (Knowledge of man, past and present) : 34. Anatomy; 35. Physical anthropology (anthro- pometry and races of man); 36. Physiology (human and comparative); 37. Psychology (human and comparative); 38. Archaeology (generalities, methods); 39. Prehistory; 40. Eth- nology (primitive and popular science); 41. Superstition and Occultism; 42. Economics (economic doctrines and history; commerce; transportation and communications); 43. Sociology, Jurisprudence and Positive Polity; 44. History of Civilization (general history, historical methods, biography and chronology); 45. History of art (art and science; iconography; arts and crafts); 46. History of Language, Writing and Literature; 47. History of Morals (moral organization of society); 48. His- tory of Philosophy; 49. History of Religion (science and reli- gion).

VII. Medicine: 50. History, organization and philosophy of medicine; 51. Epidemiology, History of special diseases. Public health

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HISTORY OF SCIENCE.

and Social Medicine; 52. History of hospitals and of medical teaching; 53. Pharmacy. Pharmacology. Toxicology.

VIII. Education (the methods of accwmulating, imparting and diffusing knowledge) : 54. Education (generalities, methods, colleges, uni- versities); 55. Academies, societies, congresses. National and international organization of science; 56, Bibliography (methods, libraries); 57. Museology (museums and collections).

IX. 58. Alia; 59. Errata.

The applied Sciences are not disconnected from the pure sciences, but, as far as possible, the principles and applications of science are considered successively in the same section. However, applications based upon the principles of many sciences are dealt with separately (e. g., technology, medicine, education).

I. - SCIENCE IN GENERAL.

16. - HISTORY of SCIENCE.

Crommelin, C. A. Beschrijvende catalogus der historische vcrzameling van natuurkundige instrumenten in het Natuurkundig Laborato- rium der Rijks-Universiteit te Leiden. 71 p., 10 plates. Leiden, EDUARD IJDO, 1926. Isis

Ooldbeck, Ernst. I)er Mensch und sein Weltbild. Gesammelte kosmo- logische Abhandlungen. vIi + 330 S. 80. Leipzig, QUELLE & MEYER, 1925. (Geb. 9 M.) rSTs

Ich habe schon an anderer Stelle darauf hingewiesen, welch tiefe Kennt- nis der Verf. von der Antike (und dem Mittelalter) hat (Mitt. zur Gesch. d. Med., xxv, 17). Nur wenige werden aber gewus haben, das er auf dem Cebiete schon mehrere bedeutende Arbeiten verfasst hat. Es ist daher ausserst begriissenswert, dass diese jetzt gesammelt herauskommen. Man muss nur bedauern, dass der Verf. diese Forschungen nicht weiter ausbauen konnte, sodass er selbst von einer abgebrochenen Lebensarbeit spricht. Derselbe Umstand ist auch schuld, dass neuere Forschungen nicht mehr beriicksichtigt sind. Dies hindert nicht, dass man das Gebo- tene auch in dieser Form mit dem grOssten Gewinn lesen wird. Gibt es doch heute nur wenige Mianner, die auf diesem Gebiete wirklich Bescheid wissen. Die Titel der einzelnen Abhandlungen sind: 1. Das Weltbild in PLATONS Phaidon; 2. Die geozentrische Lehre des ARISTOTELES und ihre Auflosung; 3. PLATO und COPERENICUS; 4. Das Problem des Welt- stoffs bei GALILEI; 5. GALILEIS Atomistik und ihre Quellen; 6. KEPLEPRS Lehre von der Gravitation; 6. Die Gravitation bei GALILEI und BORELLI; 7. DESCATTES' mathematisches Wissenschaftsideal; 8. Anhang : Die Geschichte des Weltbildes im astronomischen Unterricht. H. W.

Mieli, Aldo e Montalenti, Giuseppe. Bibliografia metodica dei lavori di storia della scienza pubblicati in Italia. VII Archivio di storia d. scienza, 6, 347-59, 1925. isis

Cent soixante-six numeros, comprenant des travaux publi6s en Italic depuis 1921. L. G.

Sarton George. Seventh report to the Carnegie Institution Carne- gie Institution Year Book, No. 24, 1925, 348. isis

1. Introduction to the History and Philosophy of Science; 2. The publi- cation of Isis; 3. Lectures. Uninteresting report. G. S.

Weinberg, Boris. Les lois d'evolution des d6couvertes de l'bumanite. Revue generale des Sciences, 37, 43-47, 1926. Isis

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PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE. LOGIC . MATHEMATICS.

(( Dans quelques siecles, l'humanite atteindra la limite de la culture materielle en ce qui concerne les decouvertes correspondantes. Alors, il n'y aura plus qu'a augmenter la quantit6 de puissance solaire utilisable par les habitants du globe, de fagon a faire b ineficier tous les hommes des biens acquis de la, civilisation et A faire progresser indefininlent la science et l'art, auxquels ii est, par contre, difficile d'indiquer des bornes. ?

18. - PHILOSOPHY of SCIENCE.

Brunschvicg, Leon. La philosophie d'EMILE MiEYERSON. Rev. de meta- physique et de morale, 33, 39-63, 1926. Iasa

Etude critique -basee sur les ouvrages de MEYERSON analyses ici IV, 382-5; VII, 517-20. L. G.

Oarstang, Walter. WORDSWORTH'S interpretation of Nature. Supple- ment to Nature, vol, 117, 8 p., January 16, 1926. iss

Keyser, Cassius Jackson. The human worth of rigorous thinking: essays and addresses. Second edition, enlarged. 323 p. New York, Columbia University Press, 1925. ISIs

First edition, 1916.

Metz, A. La philosophie scientifique d'EMILE MEYERSON. Revue genIe- rale des -ciences, 37, 16-20, 1926. I18i

II. - FORMAL SCIENCES.

(Knowledg,e of forms )

19. - LOIC and THEORY of KNOWLEDGE.

Delacroix, Henri. Le langage et la pensee. 602 p. Paris. F. ALCAN, 1924. Isis

Etude critique de L. WEBER dans Revue de mntaphysique et de morale, 33, 93-125, 1926.

Mouy, P. Note sur la methode de recurrence et l'idee de nombre entier, Rev. de metaphys. et de morale, 33, 77-83, 1926. Isis

Critique de l'interpretation donnee par H. POINCARE du raisonnement par recurrence. L. G.

20. - MATHEMATICS.

De Vries, Henrik. Historische Studien I. iv + 192 S. gr. 80 m. zahl- reichen Fig. Groningen, P. NOORDIIOFF, 1926. Isis

Urspriinglich in der Nieuw Tijdschrift voor Wiskunde einzeln erschie- nen, sind diese Studien aus der Lehrtiitigkeit des Verf. her orgegangen, und nicht gerade fiir Historiker, sondern fir Lehrer bestimmt. Manches neue bietet der Verf. in der ersten Studie iiber den PAscALschen und den BRIANcHONSchen Satz. Die iibrigen Studien handeln von J. STEINER'S geom. Konstruktionen mittels der geraden Linie und eines festen Kreises, vom Lehrsatz des MENELAOS, von MASCHERONI'S Konstruktionen mit dem Zirkel allein, von ARCHIMEDES' Methodenlehre, der Erfindung der Loga- rithmen, und schliesslich von der Erfindung der analytischen Geometrie. Ob aus ersten oder zweiten Quellen : alles ist sehr gewissenschaft aus- gefihrt. H. W.

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MATHEMATICS. MECHANICS. ASTRONOMY.

Oickstein, S. Sopra gli studi relativi alla storia delle matematiche compiuti in Polonia. II Bollettino di Matematica, sezione storico- bibliografica, p. I-VI, 1926. IsI

Loria, Gino. Curve sghembe speciali, algebriche e transcendenti. Vol. II. II + 255 p. Bologna, NICOLA ZANICHELLI, 1925. IiSs

Stammler, Qerhard. Der Zahlbegriff seit GAUSS. Eine erkenntnis- theoretische Untersuchung. xvi 192 .S. 80. Italle S., MAX NIEMEYER, 1925 ISIs

Der schon durch verschiedene math.-philosophische Arbeiten bekannte Verf. hat es hier unternommen, der modernen Entwicklung des Zahl- begriffes in umfassend'er Weise (Mengenlehre, Axiomatik, Infinitesimales, allgemeinste komplexe Zahlen) kritisch nachzugehen. Dabei hat er 117 Schriften zu Rate gezogen, die alle zitiert und zum Teil ausfuihrlich gewfirdigt werden. Es ist klar, dass dadurch die Arbeit auch von grossen Wert fur den Historiker geworden ist. Die Lektiire der Schrift ist fuir jeden Mathematiker nicht schwierig. Vermisst habe ich in der Literatur die grosse Abh. uiber das Imaginare vou W. MATZKA (Abh. bohm. (es. Wiss. Prag, 5. Fig., Bd. 6, 1850). Zahlreiche Druekfehler !

H. W.

II. - PHYSICAL SCIENCES

(Knowledge of inorganic nature).

22. - MECHANICS.

(Including Celestial Mechanics).

Birkhoff, George David. The origin, nature and influence of relativity: Lowell Institute Lectures, Boston, and Los Angeles Lectures, University of California, Southern Branch. (Mathematical Texts Series). Ix + 185 p. New York, MACMILLAN, 1925. isis

Bonacina, L. C. W. The real meaning of the new conception of time. Nature, 117, 556, 1926. ISis

Eve, A. S. Tests of relativity theory. Nature, 117, 520-522, 1926. Isis

Jeans, J. ti. Space, Time and the Universe. Nature, 117, 308-311, 1926. 181s

Presidential address delivered before the Royal Astronomical Society on February 12, 1926.

Miller, Dayton Clarence. Significance of the ether-drift experiments of 1925 at Mount Wilson. Science, 63, 433-444, 1926. isTS

Petrovich, Michel. Durees physiques independantes des dimensions spatiales. 28 p. Zurich, JEAN FREY, 1924. ISis

Sauger, Maurice. L'experience de DAYTON CLARENCE MILLER et les limitations de la th6orie de la relativite. Revue generale des Sciences, 37, 230-234, 1926. isis

23. - ASTRONOMY.

Nodon, A. Apergu sur 1'energetique stellaire. Rev. des questions scien- tifiques, 9, 43-66, 1926. IS8s

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ASTRONOMY. PHYSICS.

Salet, Pierre. Les univers-iles. Revue generale des Sciences, 37, 168-176, 1926. Isis

( Nous avons cherche a montrer combien l'espace et la masse limites de la theorie de la relativite semblaient incompatibles avec les conceptions auxquelles sont amenes aujourd'hui les astronomes. De m5me, en ce qui concerne l'Nvolution du monde, nous sommes porte a croire que tout ce que nous en connaissons, jusqu'aux derniers amas d'etoiles situes a des centaines de millions d'annees de lumiere, n'est qu'un bref episode, une manifestation locale et passagere d'un univers illimit. >)

Wegemann, Ueorg. Grundziige der mathematischen Erdkunde. -Samm- lung Borntraeger, Band 9.) 184 S., 23 Abbildungen, Berlin, Gebrii- der BORNTRAEGER, 1926. isis

Elementary treatise based upon a long pedagogical experience. Mathe- matical developments are avoided as much as possible. G. S.

24. - PHYSICS.

Boutaric, A. La lumiere et les radiations invisibles. 284 p., 55 fig Paris, ERNEST FLAMMARION, 1925. Isis

L'auteur, professeur a la Faculte des sciences de Dijon, a condense dans ce livre, mais sans pretendre faire ceuvre d'historien, toutes les r6ponses apportees, d'ARISTOTE a EINSTEIN, aux problemes que la lumiere et les radiations invisibles ont impos6s a l'homme. En appendice, un bref expose de l'experience de MICHELSON-MORLEY et de l'experience de FIZEAU.

L. G.

Mach, Ernst (1838-1916). The principles of physical optics: an histor- ical and philosophical treatment. Translated by JOHN S. ANDERSON and A. F. A. YOUNG. xi1-+324 p., 10 plates. London, METHUEN, 1926.

ISIS

See review of original German text (192,1) in Isis, IV, 560-2. G. S.

Petterson, Hans und Kirsch, Oerhard. AtomzertrummerungVerwand- lung der Elemente durch Bestrahlung mit oc-Teilchen vIII+248 S., 61 Fig., 1 Tafel. Akad. Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 1926. isis

I1 y a six ans a peine qu'etait obtenue la premiere desagr6gation ato- mique, celle du noyau de l'azote, par Sir EINEST RUTHERFORD, SOUS une influence exterieure, celle de l'action des chocs directs des particules. Les travaux se sont multiplies, tant a l'Institut du radium de Vienne qu'au laboratoire Cavendish, a Cambridge. PETTERSON et KIRscH, qui ont apporte leur large part de travail dans ce domaine, exposent la courte, mais deja riche histoire de ces recherches, ou, a cote du nom de RUTHER- FORD et des leurs, emergent ceux de E. MARSDEN et W. C. LANTSBERRY, de J. CHADWICK, L. F. BATES et J. S. ROGERS, E. KARA-MICHAILOVA, P. M. S. BLACKETT, M. BLAU, G. STETTER. On ne compte cependant en core que trente memoires se rapportant directement a la desintsegra- tion atomique exp6rimentale. L. G.

Quimsby, S. L. (and others). Bericht des Kommittees fiber Theorien des Magnetismus des National Research Council in Washington. Aus dem Amerikanischen uibersetzt von Jos. WVVRSCHMIDT. x+309 S , 67 Abb. Braunschweig. VIEWEG, 1925. Isis

Original text published in 1922. For contents, see Isis, VII, 326.

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CHEMISTRY. PHYSICO-CHEMISTRY. INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY.

25. - CHEMISTRY, PHYSICO-ClHMISTRY,

INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY.

Birtwistle, George. The quantum theory of the atom. xnI+236 p. Cambridge University Press, 1926. Isis

Desch, Cecil H. The chemistry of solids. Presidential address to sec- tion D, Chemistry, of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 25 p. Southampton, 1925. I8I

Farrell, Hugh. What price progress? The stake of the investor in the development of chemistry. 102 p. New York, The Chemical Foundation, Inc., 1925. isis

Uuye, Charles Eugene. Die Entwicklung der physiko-chemischen Pro- zesse in wissenschaftlicher und philosophischer Betrachtung. Aus dem FranzSsischen iibersetzt von FR. BiiRKI. 143 S. Bern, PAUL HAUPT, 1925. isi8

The French text, (( L'Evolution physico-chimique ), appeared in 1922 (Paris, CHIRON). For English translation, see Isis, VIII, 615.

Hatscheck, Emil. Klassische Arbeiten fiber kolloide Losungen. Arbeiten von H. SCHULZE, C. WINSSINGER, S. E LINDER, H. PICTON, F. SELMI, F. SELMI und A. SOBRERO, herausgegeben von EMIL HATSCHEK. 172 S. (Ostwald's Klassiker, No 217), Akad. Verlag- gesellschaft, 1926. Isis

Table: HANS SCHULZE: Schwefelarsen in wassriger Losung (1882); Antimontrisulfid in wassriger Lisung (1883); Ueber das Verhalten von seleniger zu schwefliger Siiure (1885). - CAMILLE WINSSINGER: Unter- suchung iiber den kolloiden Zustand (1888). - HAROLD PINCTON: Die physikalische Konstitution einiger Sulfidlosungen (1892). - IHAIOLD PINCTON und SAMUrEL ERNEST LINDER : Losung und Pseudo-Lsung (Ir T. 1892, 2r T. 1895). - FRANCESCO SELMI: Studien iiber die Demul- sion des Chlorsilbers (1845); Studien fiber die Pseudolosungen des Ber- linerblaus und die zerstorenden Einfluss von Salzlosungen auf dieselben (1847). - ASCANIO SOBRERO U. F. SELMI: Ueber die Zersetzungsprodukte der Schwefelwasserstoff- und schwefeligen Saiiren in wasseriger Lsung (1850). - 18 S. von Anmerkungen. (Isis, VIII, 615.)

Jeans, J. H. Atomicity and quanta. The Rouse Ball Lecture, 1925. 64 p. Cambridge University Press, 1926, ts

Lippmann, Edmuud 0. von. Weitere Mitteilungen zur Geschichte des Alkohols. Chemiker-Zeitung, No. 40, 7 S., 1926. iss9

Against the theory, repeated by ROBERT EISLER in his work Orphisch- Dionysische Mysterien-Gedanken in der christlichen Antike (1925), ascrib- ing the discovery of alcohol to the ancients. G. S.

Masson, Irvine. Three centuries of chemistry: phases in the growth of a science. vII+191 p. London, ERNEST BENN, 1925. IsiS

Newell, Lyman C. A tested method of teaching the history of chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 3, 166-169, 1926. Isis

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TRCHNO,LOY4Y. BIOLOGY.

26. - TECHNOLOGY.

(For mining, see 32. geology; for induzstrlial chemistry, 25. chemistry. See also Arts and Crafts under 45.)

(Berlin) Verein deutscher Ingenieure. In eigener Sache. Berlin, den 22. Februar 1926. (3 quarto pages). ISIs

In answer to F. M. FELDHAUS'S pamphlet against C. MATSCHOSS. Followed by a testimonial signed by a number of German technicians. FELDHAUS' criticisms are not met, however. (See Isis, VIII, 804, and infra.) G. S.

Hobbs, Edward W. Sailing ships at a glance. A pictorial record of the evolution of the sailing ship from the earliest times until today. With an introduction by L. G. CARR LAUGHTON. xviii4-114 p Lon- don. Architectural Press, 1925. UsI

Kistner, Adolf. Die historische Uhrensammilung Furtwangen. iv+173 S., 16 Tfln. Furtwangen, UTTENWEILER, 1925. [siB

Lefebvre des Noettes. L'etrier a travers les ages. Larousse mensuel, 7, 11-14, 19 fig., 1926. Iiss

Matschoss, Conrad. Minner der Technik. Ein biographisches Hand- buch, xi+ 306 S., 106 Bildnissen. Berlin, Vereins Deutscher Inge- nieure, 1925. (See Isis, VIII, 804 ) ISIs

IV. BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

(Knowledge of Organic Nature).

27.- BIOLOGY

(Generalities, (( Natural History ))).

Capparoni, Pietro. Profili bio-bibliografici di medici e naturalisti celebri italiani dal sec. xv? al sec. xvIII0. Vol. I, 132 p., 30 tav. Istituto naz. medico farmacologico, Roma, 1925. Isis

Cette galerie de trente portraits de medecins et naturalistes italiens (dont un second volume doublera le nombre) comprend, pour chacun des savants juges dignes d'y figurer, une notice biographique de trois on quatre pages, suivie d'une tres courte note indiquant les ecrits princi- paux de chacun d'eux. Chacune de ces notices est accompagnee d'un por- trait tres bien venu. Les savants sur lesquels porte ce premier vollume sont: au xve siecle: ACHILLINI; an XVIe: U. ALDROVANDI, P. ALPINO, A. CESALPINO, G. B. CODRONCII, Bj. EUSTACHI, G. FABRIZI D'AQUAPENDENTE, G. FRASCATORO, G. F. INGRASSIA, P. MATTIOLI, M. MERCATI, G. TAGLIA- COZZI; au xvnI : G. BAGLIVI, L. BELLINI, G. A. BORELLI, G. M. LAN- CISI, C. MAGATI, M. MALPIGHI, A. PACCIIIONI, F. REDI, G. G. RIVA, G. SANTORINI, A. VALLISNERI (sen.), A. M. VALSALVA; et, enfin, aiu xvIII : S. D. COTUGNO, G. FLAJANI, L. GALVANI, G. B. MORGAGNI, A. SCARPA, L. SPALLANZANI. L. G.

Coulter, John M. The history of organic evolution. Science, 63, 487-491, 1926. rsII

Eldrldge, Seba. The organization of life: a revaluation of evidence relative to the primary factors in the activity and evolution of

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BIOLOGY. OTANY.

living organisms, including a factorial analysis of human behavior and experience. With an introduction by H. S. JENNINGS. xv+-470 p. New York, THOMAS Y. CROWELL, 1925. Isis

Holmes, Samuel Jackson. Life and evolution: an introduction to general biology. v+449 p. New York, HARCOURT, BRACE, 1926.

ISIS

Janet, Charles. Constitution orthobiontique des etres vivants. I. Theo- rie orthobiontique. 86 p., 1 pl. depliante de schema graphique. Beauvais, H. DUMONTIER, 1925. isis

Labb6, A. L'autoregulation organique et les applications biologiques du theoreme de LE CHATELIER. Revue gene&rale des Sciences, 37, 38-43, 1926. Isis

Oppenheimer, Carl und Pincussen, L. Tabulae Biologicae. Band 2: Thermochemie; Physikalische Chemie der Fermeente, Elektrizitat und Elektrochemie. Strahlenlehre, Spezielle Biophysik, Sekrete. vmI+567 p., 25 Tafeln. Berlin, TW. JUNK, 1925. ISIS

Rignano, Eugenio. Les manifestations finalistes de la vie. Scientia, 38, 1925, 229-248, 315-328, 379-409; 39. 1926, 19-38, 96-110. Isis

Observant le comportement des divers organismes, depuis les ph6no- menes physiologiques ;les plus el6mentaires: assimilation et metabolisme chez les unicellulaires, jusqu'aux reflexes, aux instincts, l'auteur trouve que toute une serie de leurs actes les plus fondamentaux se laissent inter- pr6ter comme etant la manifestation finaliste de la tendance de l'orga- nisme a demeurer dans son etat physiologique stationnaire, ou a y revenir. Poussant plus loin l'analyse, mais reservant la d6nomination d'affectives aux tendances organiques qui, chez l'homme, se manifestent comme besoins, app!etits ou desirs, ( pourvu qu'ils presentent un aspect non mecanis )), il ramene toute une s6rie de ces tendances affectives a une seule tendance fondamentale, inh6rente a n'importe quel organisme, ten- dance a l'invariance physiologique, le finalisme etant d'origine et de nature mn6moniques, et de l'ensemble de toutes ces accumulations mnSmo- nico-affectives naissant la tendance a l'expansion et a l'intensification de la vie individuelle. Quant au fonctionnement de l'intelligence et aux manifestations sociales, elles sont les manifestations les plus caracteris- tiques de l'aspect finaliste de la vie. - II s'agit, en somme, du d6velop- pement des principes ant6rieurement exposes par RIGNANO (Isis, IV, 90-93; VI, 564-5). L. G.

28. - BOTANY.

(Agronomy, Phytopathology, Palaeobotany).

Bidwell, Percy Wells and Falconer, John I. History of Agriculture in the Northern United States, 1620-1860, xi +- 512 p. Washing- ton, Carnegie Institution. 1925. ^SIS

Reviewed by W. E. B. in Nature, 117, 506-8, 1926. See Isis, VIII, 621.

Bloch, Jules. Le nom du riz. Etudes asiatiques, tome 1, 37-47, Paris, 1925. ISI'

Leclerc, Henri. Histoire de la digitale. Aesculape, 16. 86-89, 1926. 1is8

Lippmann, Edmund 0. von. Ueber die Herkunft des Names , Lu- zerne 9,. Chem. Ztg., 49, 517, 1925. IsIs

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BOTANY. ZOOLOGY.

Lippmann, Edmund 0. von. Zur Geschichte der Rube. Leopoldina: Berichte der Kaiserlich Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher zu Halle, 1, 50-4, 1926. Isis

Summary of the author's work on the subject, Berlin, 1925. (Isis, VIII, 379.)

Marzell, Heinrich. Die Pflanzen im deutschen Volksleben. (Deut- sche Volkheit, 11). 96 S , 17 Holzschn. Jena, DIEDERICHS, 1925.

Isis

Penzig, Otto. Flora popolare italiana Raccolta dei nomi dialettali delle principali piante indigene e coltivate in Italia 2 vol., xvi + 542 p.; 616 p. Genova, Tipolitografia del R. Istituto Sordomuti. 1924. Isis

Rolland, Eugbne (1846-1909). Flore populaire ou Histoire naturelle des plantes danis leur rapports avec la linguistique et le folklore. T. XI, 261 p. Paris, 1914 Isis

Vol. I-X published from 1896 to 1913.

Skinner, Charles Montgomery (1852-1907). Myths and legends of flowers, trees, fruits, and plants in all ages and in all climes. Fifth impression. 302 p. Philadelphia, LIPPINCOTT, 1926. ISIs

First edition 1911.

29.- ZOOLOGY.

Boubier, Maurice. Les oiseaux. L'ornithologie et ses bases scienti- fiques. 308 p., 10 pl. Paris, G. DOIN. 1926. isis

J'ai r6cemment rendu compte (Isis, VIII, 515-7) du beau livre con- sacre par M. BOUBIER a l'evolution de l'ornithologie. I1 avait publiM, en 1922 (Paris, FLAMMARION), un ouvrage sur l'oiseau et son milieu. Voici qu'il donne le premier livre francais qui ait paru jusqu'ici renfer- mant un expose complet, concis, et au point, de l'anatomie, de la physio- logie, de l'embryologie, de la distribution g6ographique des oiseaux, de ce qu'on sait de leur origine et de leur evolution. L'ouvrage se termine par la nomenclature de 44 periodiques ornithologiques. L. G.

Cole, F. J. The history of protozoology. Two lectures delivered before the University of London at King's College in NIay 1925. 64 p., 2 pl. London, University of London Press, 1926 Isis

( These lectures are based on material for a general history of Zoolo- gical Discovery which I have been collecting for many years, but only a small proportion of the material relating to the Protoza could be uti- lised in the lectures. The further the work on this general history pro- ceeds, the more obvious it becomes that the co-operation of specialists in the various groups is essential if approximate accuracy is to be main- tained. )) The author has apparently made a deep study of the subject; he is very familiar with the abundant literature devoted to it and gives special praise in his preface to the historical introductions of the late 0. BiiTSCILI (1848-1920). The first lectur.e deals chiefly with systematic protozoology. The first reference to the Protozoa in print is by the botanist CLUSIUS (c. 1550); C. GESNER's account of the Foraminiferan Vaginulina (1565) is the earliest record of a Protozoan as an animal. The first illustration of a Protozoan is to be found in R. HOOKE's Micro- graphia (1665). That A. VAN LEEUWENHOfEK (1632-1723) must be regarded as the father of protozoology is beyond question: the author gives sufficient proof of this. I quote a few other facts among many.

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ZOOLOOY. GEODESY.

L. JOBLOT published in 1718 the first separate treatise devoted to the Protozoa (Infusoria). In 1753, H. BAKER published' the first descrip- tion of Noctiluca and of its phosphorescent properties. A. J. ROESEL, of Niirnberg, discovered the Amoeba (1755) and Volvox. In 1826, A. D'ORBIGNY instituted the Foraminifera but gave a fantastic account of them. C. G. EHRENBERO began his important publications in 1828, F. DUJARDIN in 1835, etc., etc. In the second lecture, the author dis- cusses some questions of a more general nature: distinction between lower animals and plants; discussion of HAECKEr's contributions (( Para- doxical as it may seem, there is no do,ubt that HAECKEL'S scientific op;i- nions were to a large extent perverted by the fact that he combined with a brilliant imagination a sincere conviction of the truth of evolu- tion ))); spontaneous generation (REDI,, 1668; L. JOBLOT, 1718; L. SPAL- LANZANI, 1765; PASTEUR, H. C. BASTIAN, J. TYNDALL); immortality of Protozoa; Protozoan parasites of the blood. It is significant that the two plates which illustrate this book are devoted respectively to LEEU- WENHOEK and to E. F. MAUPAS (1842-1916). A brief but important con- tribution to the history of zoology. The lack of an index is deplorable.

G. S.

Thomson, Arthur Landsborough. Problems of bird migration. Lon- don, WITHERBY, 1926. ISiS

V. SCIENCES OF THE EARTH

(Implying knowledge of both organic and inorganic nature).

30. - GEODESY.

Lambert, Walter D. The figure of the earth and the new inter- national ellipsoid of reference. Science, 63, 242-248, 1926. Isis

Marmer, Harry Aaron. The tide. xni + 282 p., 60 illustrations. New York, APPLETON, 1926. IsIS

Popular account, clearly written and authoritative, by the assistant chief of the division of tides and currents of the U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey. Needless to say, mathematical developments have been avoided, and yet the author has succeeded in explaining sufficiently some difficult aspects of the question such as the harmonic analysis and pre- diction of tides. The historical chapter (10 p.) is altogether insufficient at least from our point of view. Contents: 1. Introductory; 2. The development of tidal knowledge; 3. The tide-producing forces; 4. The response to the tide-producing forces; 5. Types of tide; 6. River tides; 7. Tidal currents in rivers and bays; 8. The relation of current to tide; 9. Offshore tidal currents; 10. The making of the ocean tide; 11. Effects of wind and weather; 12. Tide tables; 13. Harmonic analysis; 14. Har- monic prediction of tides; 15. Tidal energy and its utilization; 16. The greatest tide in the world (Bay of Fundy); 17. Flood and ebb in New York harbor; 18. Some effects of the tide; 19. Tide and time.

G. S.

Perrier, Colonel U. Les raisons geodesiques de l'isostasie terrestre. Notice B de l'Annuaire du Bureau des longitudes, 131 p. Paris, 1926. i8IS

AperQu trs clair, suivi d'une bibliographie. G. S.

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GEOGRAPHY AND OCEANOGRAPHY.

31. - GEOORAPHY and OCEANOGRAPHY.

Arneson, Edwin P. The early art of terrestrial measurement and its practice in Texas. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, vol. 24, 1925, pp. 79-97. Isis

By ( terrestrial measurement )) is here meant both larger geodetic operations, including the determination of latitudes and longitudes, and land surveying. This brief historical sketch covers the epoch from the days of the Conquistadores down to the close of the Civil War in the United States. J. K. W.

Carbonera, G. I grandi viaggi di scoperta. IV : L'esplorazione del Continente Nero. 151 p, 22 illus., 1 map. Milano, Federazione Italiana delle Biblioteche Popolari, n. d. IsIs

Other volumes of this series of brief, popular histories of exploration by the same author are entitled: 1. La via delle Indie e la scoiperta dell'America; 2. II giro del mondo; 3. L'esplorazione del Pacifico e la scoperta dell'Australia. J. K. W.

Colin, Elicio (editor). XXXIVe Bibliographie geographique 1924 (Asso- ciation des geographes frangais), 464 p. Paris, COLIN, 1925. [35 fr.]

ISIS

Cette importante publication est trop bien connue de nos lecteurs pour qu'il soit n6cessaire d'en parler longuement. Le pr5esent volume, relatif a l'annee 1924, contient 2,336 notes, classees comme d'habitude, et suivies d'un index etendu des auteurs ou voyageurs analyses ou cites. La partie qui nous interesse le plus, notamment la toute premiere, con- sacree a l'Histoire de la geographie et i la geographie historique, couvre 35 pages et contient 196 notes; de plus, une serie de numeros (au bas de la p. 41) renvoie X d'autres notes concernant l'histoire de la geographie qui sont parsem6es dans le reste de l'ouvrage. G. S.

Holman, Louis A. Old maps and their makers considered from the historical and decorative standpoints. A survey of a huge subject in a small space. 60 p.. 15 maps, 4 illust. Boston, CHARLES E. GOOD- SPEED & Co., 1926. Isis

Hennig, Richard. Unfreiwillige Seefahrten in ihrer Bedeutung fur die Kenntnis und Besiedlung des Erdballs. Petermanns Mitteilungen, 70. Jahrg. 1924, pp. 210-213, 263-268. TsIS

Presents evidence of somewhat unequal validity that both coasts of America were reached not infrequently in pre-Columbian times by seamen blown out of their course or carried by currents. The author believes that scepticism should not be carried too far in denying the probability of European and Asiatic influences on early American culture.

J. K. W.

Hennig, Richard. Liegen der Erzaihlung vom (( Geronnenen Meer ) geographische Tatsachen zugrunde? Geographische Zeitschrift, 32. Jahrg. 1926, pp. 62-73. Imss

The legend of the clotted sea, widespread in classical and medieval literature, may be traced back to a passage in AviENUS' Periplus. HENNIG holds that the story was deliberately embellished and exaggerated by the Carthaginians through fear of commercial competition and that it is somewhat futile to look for its origins in reports of fields of sargas- sum, shoals, ice floes, etc. J. K. W.

(Manchester), The University of Manchester and the Manchester Geographical Society. Loan Exhibition of old maps (fac-similes of

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GEOGRAPHY AND OCEANOGRAPHY.

manuscript maps and globes, early printed maps, etc.), to be held in the Whitworth Hall, of the Manchester University. (Printed as an Appendix to the Journal of the Manchester Geographical Society, vols. 34-40, 1923-1924.) 42 p. Isis

Brief outline of the development of cartography, followed by descrip- tive notes on many of the maps exhibited. Special sections on maps of the British Isles and on plans of London and Paris. J. K. W.

Marbut, C. F. The rise, decline, and revival of Malthusianism in rela- tion to geography and character of soils. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol. 15, 1925, pp 1-29. J. K. W.

Saussure, Leopold de. L'origine des noms de mer Rouge, mer Blanche et mer Noire. Le Globe, organe de la Societe de Geographie de Geneve, t. 63, 1924, pp. 23-36. ISI

The author would trace the origins of the names of the Red and Black Seas and of the White Sea of the Turks (the Mediterranean) to early Chinese cosmology, which conceived of red as the color of the south, black as that of the north, and white as that of the west. He discusses the probable channels by which these names reached the Occident.

J. K. W.

Wagner, Hermann (editor). Geographisches Jahrbuch, Bd. 39 und 40, 1919-1923, 1924-1925. x +362 p.; xix + 429 p. Gotha, JUSTUS PERTHES. 1924, 1926. Isis

It is unfortunate that this extraordinarily useful serial does not seem to be more widely known outside of Germany to geographers and to stu- dents of the geographical aspects of related sciences. Its forty volumes provide detailed, critical reviews of the progress of geographical studies covering a period of over sixty years. The two volumes which have appeared since the war contain reviews of researches and publications in the following fields and during the dates given : historical geography of the Roman West (1910-14); geographical meteorology (1912-16); geo- physics (physics and mechanics of the earth as a whole, 1919-22; dyna- mics of the solid earth's crust, i. e. tectonic forces, mountain building, vulcanism, and earthquakes, 1913-18); geomorphology (1914-24); terres- trial magnetism (1913-25); oceanography (1915-24); topographical sur- veying (1914-23); plant geography (1918-23); regional geography of Africa (1913 to middle of 1922), of North America (1914-21; see The Geo- graphical Review, vol. 14, 1924, pp. 643-644), of Switzerland (1916 to middle of 1925). Volume 40 also contains a systematic table of contents covering the entire series since its inception in 1866.

It is to be hoped that the admirable reviews of the advancement of research in the history of geography which were contributed to former volumes by HIIBSCHFELD, OBEnRIUMMEi, L. RUGE, and W. RuGEs may soon be brought up to date. At present the latest review of studies in the history of medieval and modern geography is that of OBEFHUMMER in vol. 30, covering 1903-06. J. K. W.

Whall, W. B. The romance of navigation. Edited by FRANCIS E. MCMURTRIE. With a foreword by Captain E. R. G. R. EVANS. xiI+292 p. London, SAMPSON Low, 1925. ISI8

Wright, John K. The history of geography: a point of view. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 15, 192-201, 1925.

ISIS

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GEOLOGY, MINERALOGY, PALAEONTOLOGY, MINING.

32. - OEOLOOY, MINERALOGY, PALAEONTOLOOY, MINING

(For palaeobotany, palaeoz oology and palaeoanthropology, see respectively 28. botany, 29. zoology and 39. prehistory).

*Jacoby, Adolf. Aus der Geschichte des Asbestes. Bulletins mensuels, Soc. des Naturalistes luxembourgeois, 18, 132-153, 1924. isis

Kalsin, P. La cause generale des deformations de l'ecorce terrestre et la derive des continents Rev. des questions scientifiques, 9, 67-98, 1926, Tsis

L'auteur examine surtout lPhypothese de la d6rive des continents de A. WEGENER (Isis, V, 289; VI, 223; VII, 308, 586; VIII, 630). II adopte une position interm6diaire entre celle de WEGENER et celle de P. TERMIER.

L. G.

Roth6, Edmond. Le tremblement de terre. xxxiv+248 p., 51 fig., ALCAN, Paris, 4925. I8iS

( Reunir en quelques pages... tous les faits bien acquis a la science moderne; tracer a grands traits les theories physiques, en 6vitant le plus possible l'algorithme math&matique; montrer les differents aspects sous lesquels apparaissent aujourd'hui les recherches seismologiques; soutenir

l'idee que l'etide du tremblement de terre ne doit pas avoir seulement pour fin d'enrichir la statistique des phenomenes naturels, mais doit, au contraire, contribuer a enrichir la connaissance de notre sous-sol; 6ta- blir, dans l'esprit du lecteur, que la propagation des ondes seismiques est actuellement le meilleur moyen en notre pouvoir pour analyser les proprietes elastiques du noyau )): tel est le but que s'est propose I'auteur en ecrivant ce petit livre, off il resume une partie des cours qu'il professe a la Facult6 des sciencesde Strasbourg. - La preface traite du develop- pement de la seismologie, depuis ALEXIS PERREY (1807-1882), le ( veri- table pere )) des catalogues s6ismiques, et ROBERT MALLET (1810-81), qui ouvrent la voie a JOHN MILNE (1850-1913), FUSAKISCHI OMIORI (1868-1923), M. S. DE Rossi (1834-98), E. GERLAND (1838-1919), F. DE MONTESSUS DE BALLORE (1851-1923), B. GALITZINE, etc. L. G.

Wllmarth, M. Grace. The geologic time classification of the United States Geological Survey compared with other classifications. Accompanied by the original definitions of era, period and epoch terms. A compilation. 138 p, 1 chart. Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, Bulletin 769. Washington, Government Printing Office, 192.5 Isis

The following is extracted from the preface contributed by T. W. STAN- TON: ( In the accompanying chart (compiled by Miss M. GBRAc W:L- MARTH, secretary of the committee on geologic names), the United States Geological Survey's classification is compared with the classification of CHAMBERLIN and SALISB3URY, ULRIICH, SCHUCHEIT, CLARKE, and GRABAU for the United States and of DE LAPPARENT, HAUG, and GEIKIE for Europe. The accompanying text quotes the original definitions of the major terms and gives brief statements showing the changes they have undergone, which, taken in connection with the correlation chart, give a fair general idea of the history of each term. The bulletin includes also a table showing several modern estimates of the measure of time included in the several geologic periods and epochs. It is believed that the material thus assembled in compact form will be useful to professional geologists, to students of geology, and possibly to that larger circle of readers who have an intelligent interest in general geology. This chart will not fully meet the demand for correlation tables showing the relations of all the

202

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ANATOMY. PSYCHOIOGY. ARCHAEOLOGY. PREHISTORY.

many hundreds of geologic formations in the United' States that have been described and named, but when it is supplemented by a stratigraphic lexicon, which Miss WILMARTH now has in preparation, most of the infor- mation desired' will be available in more useful and more accurate form than could be given in detailed correlation tables except those for restricted areas, which may be prepared from time to time. ) A very useful publication indeed. G. S.

VI. - ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SCIENCES

(Knowledge of man, past and present).

34. - ANATOMY.

Lint, J. 0. De. Atlas van de geschiedenis der geneeskunde. Deel I. De ontleedkunde. Voorwoord van J. A. J. BARGE. Amsterdam, S. J. VAN LOOY-MENNO HERTZBERGER. 1925. ISIS

Reviewed in Bijdr. tot de gesch. der geneeskunde, 6, 42-4, 1926.

Singer, Charles. The evolution of anatomy: a short history of anatom- ical and physiological discovery to HARVEY. Being the substance of the Fitzpatrick Lectures delivered at the Royal College of Physicians of London in the years 1923 and 1924. xnI + 210 p., 22 pl. London, KEGAN PAUL, 1925 (not seen). 1iss

*Wegner, Richard Nikolaus. Frankfurts Anteil an der Verbreitung anatomischer Kenntnisse im xvi. bis xviii. Jahrhundert. Ein Beitrag zur Urgeschichte der Frankfurter Hochschule. 39 S., 10 Abb. Frankfurt a. M., ENGLERT und SCHLOSSER, 1925. ISIS

37. - PSYCHOLOGY.

(Human and comparative.)

Anthony, Raoul. Reflexions d'un biologiste sur l'objet, les methodes et les limites de la psychologie : ses rapports logiques avec les autres branches de la science. 70 p. Paris, J. VRIN, 1926. IBIS

L'auteur entreprend ( de demontrer l'inconsistance des efforts de ce qu'on appelle quelquefois la nouvelle psychologie, l'impossibilite essen- tielle d'une psychologie objective, d'une psychologie animale, d'une psycho- logie de l'inconscient, de tout, en un mot, ce qui n'est pas la psycho- logie classique, la psychologie telle que la comprenaient nos anciens ).

38. - ARCHAEOLOGY.

(Generalities, methods.)

Gann, Thomas William Francis. Mystery cities: exploration and adventure in Lubaantun. 252 p. London, DUCKWORTI, 1925. ISIS

Wheeler, Robert Eric Mortimer. Prehistoric and Roman Wales. 299 p. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1926. ISIS

39. - PREHISTORY.

Childe, Vere Gordon. The dawn of European civilization. (The History of Civilization, edited by C. K. OGDEN.) xvi+328 p. New York, ALFRED A. KNOPF, 1925. sis

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ETHNOLOGY.

Reviewed by M. ROSTOVTZEFF in The American Historical Review, 31, 499-500, 1926.

40. - ETHNOLOGY.

(Primitive and popular science.)

Bakker, C Volksgeneeskundige aanteekeningen omtrent den hik. Bij- dragen tot de geschiedenis der g'eneeskunde, 6, 55-58, 1926. 'Sis

Dutch popular ideas on hiccup. G. S.

Best, Elsdon. Maori agriculture: the cultivated food plants of the natives of New Zealand, with some account of native methods of agriculture, its ritual and origin myths. vii-+172 p. Melbourne, WHITCOMBE and TOMBS, 1926. IsIs

Boas, Franz. America and the old world. Congres International des Americanistes. Compte rendu de la XXIe session, deuxieme partie, tenue a Goteborg en 1924. Goteborg, Museum, 1925, pp. 21-28.

Isis

The author holds that (( the main current of American (aboriginal) cul- tural life arose independently of that of Europe; but on a very ancient common basis, and that relations between the two continental masses were late and did' not influence the general development ). Against pos- sible cultural similarities ( stand the incontestable isolation of the cen- tral highlands of the two continents, and the evidence which compels us to seek there the center from which cultural achievements spread over the whole continent north and south. ). See also in the present number of Isis, studies by HENNIG, LAPISEN, TOUNG-DEKIEN, SAFFORD.

J. K. W.

od ding, P. 0. Studies in Santal medicine and connected folklore. (Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, vol. 10. No. 1.) Part I. The Santals and disease. viI+132 p. Calcutta, 1926. isIs

The Santals inhabit the hilly tracts of western Bengal which extend southwards from the Ganges into Chutia Nagpur.

Densmore, Frances. Music of the Tule Indians of Panama. 39 p., 5 plates. (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, vol. 77, No. 11.) Washington, Smithsonian Institution, 1926. isis

Lejeune, F. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der niederdeutschen Zauberme- dizin. Archiv fiir Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. 18, 111-112, 1926.

Lowie, Robert Harry. Primitive religion. London, ROUTLEDGE, 1926. ISi8

Malinowski, Bronislaw. Primitive law and order. Supplement to Nature, vol 117, 9-16, 1926. BISs

Nieuwenhuis, A. W. Die Anfiange der Medizin unter den niedrigst ent- wickelten Volkern und ihre psychologische Bedeutung. Janus, 28, 42-60, 92-109, 174-191, 1924; 29, 33-51, 98-111, 198-209, 290-301, 1925; 30, 30-46, 1926. ISis

Etude des conceptions et des pratiques m6dicales des primitifs d'Aus- tralie, des Esquimaux du Groenland, des Indiens Toba du Gran Chac6, des negritos Semang de Malacca, des habitants des iles Andaman, et des Weddas de Ceylan. - A rapprocher des travaux de cette serie un memoire du meme auteur precedemment signale. (Isis, VIII, 638.) L. G.

204

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ETHNOLOGY. SUPERSTITION AND OCCULTISM.

Plischke, Hans. Von den Barbaren zu den Primitiven. Die Naturvolker durch die Jahrhunderte. 126 S., 49 Abb. Leipzig, BROCKHAUS, 1926.

ISI8

Safford, William E. The isolation of ancient America as established by the cultivated plants and the languages of its aborigenes. Annaes XX Congresso Internacional de Americanistas realizado no Rio de Janeiro, de 20 a 30 de Agosto de 1922, pp. 167-171. Rio de Janeiro, Imprensa Nacional, 1924. Isis

Stemplinger, Eduard. Antike und moderne Volksmedizin. (Das Erbe der Alten, hrsg. v. OTTO IMMISCH, 2. Reihe, Heft 10.) 120 S. Leipzig, Dieterichsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1925. isIS

St6phanid6s, Michel. )uUiKfl ioropia TUV XdEewv (Histoire naturelle des mots). 'HjaepoXolTov Triq METdXrql 'EXXdboq, vol. 4, 1925, p 475-487.

L'auteur montre que l'tymologie des mots communs nous aide co

L'auteur montre que 1'etymologie des mots communs nous aide A com- prendre les id6es empiriques de l'homme pr6historique, et, reciproque- ment, que les connaissances primitives de l'homme, deduites des recherches archeologiques ou lexicographiques, peuvent conduire k la decouverte de l'origine de plusieurs mots. I1 suggere que la fable de Castor et Pollux est une allegorie relative au tannage primitif des peaux. G. S.

Toung-Dekien. De 1'origine des Americains precolombiens. Annaes do XX Congresso Internacional de Americanistas realizado no Rio de Janeiro, de 20 a 30 de Agosto de 1922, vol. I, p. 3-47. Rio de Janeiro, Imprensa Nacional, 1924. Isis

The author is a believer in numerous immigrations from Eastern Asia into America in pre-Columbian times and in cultural affinities resulting therefrom. J. K. W.

41. - SUPERSTITION and OCCULTISM.

Barrett, Sir William Fletcher (1844- ) and Besterman, Theodore. The divining-rod. 12 plates and 64 illustrations. London, METHUEN, 1926. ISis

Davidson, D. and Aldersmith, H. The great pyramid: its divine message; an original coordination of historical documents and archaeological evidences. London. WILLIAMS and NORGATE, 1924.

tsIS

Jollivet-Castelot, Franqots, La revolution chiinique et la transmuta- tion des metaux. 370 p. Paris, CHACORNAC freres, 1925. IsBs

Martinotti, (iovanni. Le toucher royal des ecrouelles. Aesculape, avril 1926, 112 117. ISis

Cette etude n'ajoute aucun fait a ceux qu'a rapportes MARC BLOCH: les rois thaumaturges (Isis, VII, 520-1); 6 illustrations interessantes.

L. G.

McTdvola. Revue internationale scientifique, spiritualiste, adogma- tique et eclectique. Redacteur en chef : Mme ABEL GATTEFOSSE, 7, rue des Aubepins, Lyon-Montchat. 1re annee, n0 5-6, janvier-mars, 1926. sIBS

Another occultist journal sumptuously published with many illustra- tions. Twenty-five francs a year. G. S.

205

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206 SOCIOLOGY, JURISPRUDENCE AND POSITIVE POLITY. HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION.

Tricot-Royer, Dr. Le bilan du traitement de la rage a 1'intercession de saint Hubert et plus spccialement a Saint-Hubert d'Ardennes. Bulletin de la Soc. frang. d'hist. de la metd., 19,346-359, 1925. "'l

43. - SOCIOLOGY,

JURISPRUDENCE and POSITIVE POLITY.

Barnes, Harry Elmer (editor). The history and prospects of the social sciences. xxi -534 p. New York, ALFRED A. KNOPF, 1925. el's

Reviewed by RAYMOND G. GETTELL in The American Historical Review, 31, 496-497, 1926.

Darwin, Leonard. The need for eugenic reform. London, MURRAY, 1926. I3IS

De Man, Hendrik. Zur Psychologie des Socialismus. 434 S. Jena, EUGEN DIEDERICHS Verlag, 1926. (Brosch., M. 14; Leinen, M. 17.)

Iss11

(( Dieses Buch setzt sich die Ueberwindung der marxistischen Denk- weise zugunsten eines zukunftskraftigen, lebendigen Sozialismus zur Auf- gabe. Es gibt keinen marxistischen Glaubenssatz, den der Verfasser nicht verwirft: Von dem philosophischen Glauben an die ikonomischen Ursachen und an die rationellen Zielsetzungen bis zu den politischen Grundsatzen des Klassenkampfes und der Realitat des Zukunftsstaates. Nach einer Analyse des praktischen Sozialismus und der Arbeiter-bewe- gung in all ihren Aeusserungen nach der Methode der Tiefenpsychologie kommt er zu einer Auffassung des Sozialismus und der Sozialwissenschaft iiberhaupt, die jeder soziologischen Denkart gegeniiber eine Umwertung aller Werte bedeutet. Die Eigenart der Erkenntnis des Verfassers liegt hauptsachlich in ihrer Vereinigung einer durchaus real-poclitischen Auffassung der Sozialistischen Aufga'ben mit einer religios-ethischen Anschauung, die sich am ehesten mit den Zielen des deutchen Jungsozia- lismus deckt. ) DE MAN'S account seems to me excellent. It is based upon considerable experience and is theroughly thought out. I am glad to be able to say that I share, essentially, his conclusions. G. S.

Lundstedt, Anders Wilhelm. Superstition or rationality in action for peace? Arguments against founding a world peace on the common sense of justice. A criticism of jurisprudence. 239 p. London, LONGMANS, 1925. isTs

Murray, Robert Henry. The history of political science from PLATO to the present. Cambridge, HEFFER and Sons, 1926. Isis

Pasquet, D. An essay on the origins of the House of Commons. Trans- lated by R. G D. LAFFAN. Wite a preface and additional notes by GAILLIARD LAPSLEY. XII+248 p. Cambridge University Press, 1925.

Schiller, Ferdinand Canning Scott. Eugenics and politics. London, CONSTABLE, 1926. ISIs

44. - HISTORY of CIVILIZATION.

(General History, Historical methods, Biography and Chronology.)

Below, Georg von. Ueber Historische Periodisierungen, mit einer Beigabe: Wesen und Ausbreitung der Romantik. (Einzelschriften

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HISTORY OF ART. HISTORY OF LANGUAGE, WRITING AND LITERATURE. 207

zur Politik und Geschichte, 11.) 108 p. Berlin, Deutsche Verlags- gesellschaft fur Politik und Geschichte, 1925. Isia

Reviewed by H. P. GALLINGER in The American Historical Review, 31, 559, 1926.

Chaine, M. La chronologie des temps chretiens de l'Egypte et de 1'Ethiopie. xvI+344 p. Paris, GEUTHNER, 1925. IsIS

Platonov, Sergiei Fedorovich. History of Russia. Translated by EMANUEL ARONSBERG, edited by FRANK ALFRED GOLDEN. VII+435 p. London, MACMILLAN, 1925. I8is

Teggart, Frederick John. Theory of history. Published on the foundation established in memory of PHILIP HAMILTON MCMILLAN of the Class of 1804, Yale College. XIX + 231 p. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1925. ISIS

45. - HISTORY of ART.

(Art and science, Iconography. Arts and crafts.)

Buckley, Francis. A history of Old English glass. xxvnI+154 p., 60 plates. London, BENN, 1925. tISI

Dalton, Ormonde Maddock. East Christian art. A survey of the monuments. Oxford University Press, 1925. ISIS

Guastalla, Pierre. Esthetique. Preface de CHARLES LALO. In-80, ix4-179 p. Paris, VRIN, 1925 8is

Un livre d'esthetique ecrit, en dehors de tout souci d'ecole, par un peintre justement apprecie, qui a regu, en outre, une forte culture scien- tifique; des opinions parfois contestables exprimees d'une maniere nette, 6eeIoante, et qui suscitent constamment des r6flexions interessantes sur les rapports entre l'art et le jeu, entre le plaisir physique et le plaisir intellectuel, entre l'art humain et la Nature, entre l'harmonie et la sim-- plicite, r6flexions que l'on est tente d'etendre aussi a la formation de certaines hypotheses adoptees par la science: voila ce que nous apporte le travail de M. GUASTALLA. H. M.

Jerphanion, 0. de (S. J.). Le role de la Syrie et de l'Asie Mineure dans la formation de l'iconographie chretienne. Melanges de l'Universite Saint-Joseph, t. 8, 331-383, 3 plates. Beyrouth, 1922. ISIs

Laughton, L. 0. Carr. Old ship figure-heads and sterns, with which are associated galleries, hancing-pieces, catheads, and divers other matters that concern the ( grace and countenance ) of old sailing ships. xv+281 p., 55 pi. London, HALTON and TRUSCOTT SMITH, 1925. IBIs

Poole, (Mrs.) Reginald Lane, Catalogue of portraits in the possession of the University, Colleges, City, and County of Oxford. Vol. II and III. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1926. Isis

Schaubuch berfihmter deutsche Zeitgenossen in Werken bildender Kunst. 130 Tafeln. Miinchen, ERNST HEIMERAN, 1925. IBIS

46. - HISTORY of LANGUAGE, WRITING and LITERATURE.

Desforges, A. L'alphabet prehistorique de GLOZEL. Mercure de France, ler mai 1926, 759-760. s18,

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HISTORY OF MORALS. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY

Note ecrite au sujet de l'article de MORLET sur l'invention et la diffu- sion de l'alphabet neolithique (v. infra). L'auteur fait remarquer que cet alphabet est magdalenien (galet representant un renne avec inscription), et non pas neolithique. II enumere les decouvertes analogues deja faites dans des milieux nettement magdaleniens. L. G.

Liddell, Mark IH. New light on the physical data of language. The Scientific Monthly, 21, 487-502, 1925. ISis

Magnus, Laurie. A dictionary of European literature: designed as a companion to English studies. xiI+594 p. London, GEORGE ROUT- LEDGE, 1926. Isis

Morlet, A. Invention et diffusion de 1'alphabet neolithique, Mercure de France, ler avril 1926, 35-50. ISIS

A. MORLT et E. FRADIN viennent de decouvrir, dans Ia station neo- lithique de Glozel, sur les contreforts du Massif central, une serie de tablettes d'argile et d'outils en pierre, sur lesquels ils ont releve 86 signes qui representent vraisemblablement un melange de caracteres id6ogra- phiques et syllabiques. A. MOiLET pense que cet alphabet qu'il publie, appuye de tableaux comparatifs avec le phenicien, l'hieratique, le cad- meen, l'etrusque, l'ombrien, l'osque, le latin archaique, etc., constitue le (( fonds commun ofi les peuples de souche n6olithique continuerent de puiser suivant leur genie propre )). II croit que la ( gravure d'un renne, a cote des caracteres dont vraisemblablement son nom se compose, eta- blit, sans conteste, la priorite de l'al{phabet de Glozel sur tous les autres ). I1 n'est, bien entendu, pas question de tenter de dechiffrer les trente tablettes actuellement recueillies. Voir egalement Mercure de France, ler juillet 1926, 79-92, 93-99; 1er aouft, 702-708. L. G.

Northup, Oeorge Tyler. An introduction to Spanish literature. 473 p. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1926. Isi8

47. -- HISTORY of MORALS.

(Moral Organization of Society.)

Reese, Curtis W. Humanism. 85 p. Chicago, Open Court Publishing Co., 1926. ($ 1. i sIS

( Significant and unmistakable signs appear in increasing number on the widening horizon of the religious life. In content, outlook, and purpose, religion is being humanized. The chief and avowed purpose of religion is coming to be the building of personality and the shaping of institutions to this end. )

a In my opinion the world can never get along without religion; but it wants a religion whose impulses, worths, and ideals are suitable to the needs of each new age. Hence the reconstruction of religious content is constantly necessary. The present age is pre-eminently humanistic in its point of view. Consequently religion needs humanizing. The essays that follow are experiments in this direction. >>

48. - HISTORY of PHILOSOPHY.

(See also above, 18. Philosophy of Science.) Le Senne, R. Introduction a la philosophie. 316 p. Bibl. de philos.

contempor., Paris. F. ALCAN, 1925. 8sis

Par un expose critique de l'idealisme formel de KANT, de l'idealisme post-kantien (FIcaTE, SCaELLING, HEGEL), du positivisme de COMTE, du

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HISTORY OF RELIGION. HISTORY. OF MEDICINI.

neo-lamarckisme de COPE et du neo-darwinisme de WEISMANN, du bergso- nisme, et de l'id6alisme synthetique de IAMeLIN, auquel est reserve presque un tiers de l'ouvrage, l'auteur est conduit a un essai d' ( idealisme con- cret ) qui repr&sente sa conception du monde et de la vie: comme la e matibre ne peut etre que l'tage des lois physiques dans la conscience >, c'est des fonctions synthetiques du moi qu'il faut partir; cinq fonc- tions : la mntaphysique, la science, la religion, la morale, l'art; c'est la synth6se de ces fonctions qui cree la moralitY. Application aux pro- blemes de la mort et de Dieu. L. G.

49. - HISTORY of RELIGION.

(Science and Religion.)

Cadoux, Cecil John. The early Church and the world; a history of the Christian attitude to pagan society and the state down to the time of CONSTANTINUS. LIi+675 p. Edinburgh, T. and T. CLARK, 1925.

1515

Correll, Ernst H. Das schweizerische Tilufermennonitentum : ein soziologischer Bericht. x+145 p., 4 plates. Tiibingen, J. C. B. MOHR, 1925. 18is

Reviewed by HAROLD S. BENDER in The American Historical Review, 31, 510-11, 1926.

Parnell, Lewis Richard. The attributes of God: the Gifford lectures delivered in the University of St. Andrews in the year 1924-1925. x+283 p. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1925. lo1

Frazer, Sir James George. The worship of nature. Vol 1. The worship of the sky, the earth, and the sun. London, MACMILLAN, 1926. 1sis

Newman, Louis Israel. Jewish influence on Christian reform move- ments. xxvIi+706 p. (Columbia University Oriental Studies, 23.) New York, Columbia University Press, 1925. is9

Simpson, James Y. Landmarks in the struggle between science and religion. xiv+288 p. London, HODDER and STOUGHTON, 1925. I"s

VII. - MEDICINE.

50. - HISTORY, OROANISATION and PHILOSOPHY of MEDICINE.

*Brunn, Walter von. Geschichtliche Einfiihrung in die Chirurgie. Ex KIRSCHNER-N ORDMANN. Die Chirurgie. 76 S. Berlin, 1924. ISIs

*Brunn, Walter von. Von den Gilden der Barbiere und Chirurgen in den Hansastidten. iv+80 p. Leipzig, BARTH, 1921. s11s

Castiglloni, Arturo. I1 volto di IPPOCRATE. 400 p., 150 illustrations. Milano, Societa editrice Unitas, 1926. 1s1i

Choulant, Ludwig. Handbuch der Biicherkunde fiir die aeltere Medizin, zur Kenntnis der griechischen, lateinischen und arabischen Schriften im irztlichen Fache und zur bibliographischen Unter- scheidung ihrer verschiedenen Ausgaben, Uebersetzungen und

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HISTORY, ORGANIZATION AND PIIILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE

Erlauterungen. Zweite vermehrte Auflage, Leipzig 1841, Neu- druck xxii+434 S. Munchen, Verlag der MUinchener Drucke, 1926.

Feyfer, F. M. 0. De. De wijsgeerige achtergrond der homoeopathie (proeve eener historische synthese.) Bijdragenl tot de g'eschliedeniis der geneeskunde. VI, 69-79, 1926. iss

Fritz, Josef. Bericht iAber die zweite Tagung der polnischen Gesell- schaft fur Geschichte der Medizin und der Naturwisseuschaften zu Warschau von 13-15 Juli 1925. Janus. 29, 302-303, 1925. Ists

Titres des communications presentees a cette reunion. L. G.

Garrison, Fielding H. History of neurology. Introduction to CHARLrES L. DANA'S textbook of nervous disease, 10th edition. New York, WM WOOD, 1925. rsis

Gilbert, A., Outmann, R. A., Tzanck, A. Les etapes historiques de la percussion. Paris medical, 27 fev. 1926, 193-202. Isis

La percussion medicale est mentionnee pour la premiere fois au IxI siecle s. A. C., par NICANDRE (contrairement a une affirmation sou- vent repetee, la collection hippocratique n'y fait nulle part allusion); mais, rudimentaire jusqu'a la fin du xviie siecle, elle n'est employee que comme signe differentiel de quelques rares 6tats abdominaux. Elle ne devient vraiment un instrument de diagnostic precis (1761) qu'entre les mains de LEOPOLD AUENBRUGGER (Graz, 1722-1809, 05, 19), dont les travaux furent d'ailleurs peu remarques, et de J. N. CORVISART (1755, 02, 15-Paris, 1821, 09, 19), qui publia, en 1808, une traduction du travail fondamental d'AuENBRUGGER, sous le titre: (( Nouvelle Methode pour reconnattre les maladies internes de la poitrine par la percussion de cette cavite )). 1l. G.

Giiordano, Davlde. Medicazioni strane e medicazioni simplici. Archivio distoria d. scienza, 6, 293-318, 1925. Iis

Conference faite & Rome, le 27 mars 1925, i la (( Federazione nazionale per la storia della scienza )), et dans laquelle l'auteur, president de la Societe italienne d'histoire de la medecine, met en opposition les medi- cations etranges et les medications simples. I1 est surtout question de la therapeutique chirurgicale de CESARE MAGATI (De rara medicatione vulnerum, 1616), qui, alors qu'il attribuait des proprietes h6mostatiques au crottin d'ane ou de cheval, pratiquait la ligature des vaisseaux et le pansement superficiel ou profond k la charpie ou au coton.

L. G.

*Helm, Otto. Die homoopathischen Prinzipien (historische Entwick- lung, Wesen und Kritik). Med. In. Diss. Marburg, 1923. Isis

Leersum, E. C. Van. Contribution to the history of the simple enlarge- ment of the thyroid gland. Janus, 29, 282-289, 1925. IBIS

Contrairement i une opinion parfois exprimee, suivant laquelle l'hyper- trophie de la thyroide 6tait chose rare en Hollande jusqu'k une epoque toute recente, l'auteur montre, par une etude critique tr6s serree de figures tirees de peintres tels que MEMLING, JEAN VAN EYCK, THIERRY BOUTS, H. HOLBEIN, RUBENS, etc., que cette infirmite devait etre fre- quente, aux xve, xvi" et xviie siecles, en Flandre, Hollande et en Rh&- nanie. Dix bonnes reproductions photographiques illustrent la these de VAN LEERSUM. (See Isis, VIII, 633.)

Panebaker, George. Historical notes on physiotherapy. Medical Life, 33, 111-119, 1926. tst

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EPIDEMIOLOGY HISTORY OF DISEASES PUBLIC HEALT AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 211

Seelig, (major) Gabriel. Medicine: an historical outline. xvnI-i207 p. Baltimore, Md., WII,LIAMS and WLKINS, 1925. Tsis

Sigerist, Henry E. Die historische Betrachtung der Medizin. Archiv fur Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. 18, 1-19, 1926. TSis

Stewart, Charles E. History of hydrotherapy. Medical Life, 33, 101-110, 1926. T,ss

Viviani, Ugo. Medici, fisici e cerusici della provincia Aretina vissuti dal v al xvII secolo d. C. (Collana di pubblicazioni storiche e lette- rarie aretine. n1? 7.) 217vnIII p. Arezzo, 1923. TSis

This valuable addition to medical biography is divided by centuries. Up to the xiith century the number of physicians remained small. One is quoted for the vth century, GUIDO D'AREzZO; two for the xth, MAu- TINO and MmITINO; one for the xith, GUlDO (MONACO?); three for the xnIth, CECCHINO DI GUGLIELMO, FARICIO and UGO. The accounts of the xIith, xivth, xvth and xvith centuries cover respectively 26, 36, 23, and 118 pages; the relative briefness of the account of the quattrocento is noteworthy. Not less than 33 pages are devoted to EMILIo VEZZOST, Aretine physician, orator, poet and man of letters of the xvith century. This work is followed by a bibliography of the author's writings, 187 in number. G. S.

Viviani, Ugo. Panciuti, grassi ed obesi nell'arte, nella storia, uella letteratura 167 p. (Collana di pubblicazioni storiche, letterarie ed artistiche aretine, vol. 17.) Arezzo, 1926. TsIs

Outside of the purely medical literature, there is already an abundant anecdotic literature devoted to obesity. Following in the footsteps of the Frenchman BIRAUD and of the American WILLIAM JOHNSTON, the author gives us here a very abundant collection of anecdotes and satires dealing with stout people and their troubles. The work contains amongst other things, a ( catalogue raisonne )) of stout people in art, history and literanture and many illustrations. G. S.

51. - EPIDEMIOLOGY, HISTORY of SPECIAL DISEASES.

PUBLIC HEALTH and SOCIAL MEDICINE.

Celli. Angelo. Storia della malaria nell'agro romano Opera postunma, con illustraz. del Dot. P. AIMBROGETTI, e una carta topogr. Mem. d. R. Accad. naz. dei Lincei, cl. di sc. fis., med. e natur. S. VI. t. 1, 73-468, 1925? TSIS

Cette histoire de la malaria dans les environs de Rome est prise des avant la fondation de Rome et conduite jusqu'aux premieres annees de notre xxe siecle, 1'etude en etant faite siecle par siecle {' partir du xvi'. Chaque chapitre en est a peu pr;s construit de faqon identique : cours

d'eau, lagunes et marais, aqueducs; la population; l'agriculture; la

campagne romaine d'apres les descriptions des voyageurs; les conditions sanitaires; la malaria k la cour pontificale. Au point de vue therapeu- tique, l'usage de l'ecorce de quinquina se repand un peu avant 1650, au moment d'une recrudescence de la maladie. Les grandes epidemies pren- nent place aux ive et IIIe siecles A. C., aux VIO et vite si~cles de notre ere, puts aux xIe, xile, xllIe, xvi[] et xvIU6 siecles. L. G.

(leitsmann, Hans, Ueber Ruhrentstehung. Ein epidemiologischer Beitrag zam Ruhrproblem. 32 S. Muinchen, LEHMANN, 1925. TS,S

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212 HISTORY OF HOSPITALS. PHARMACY, PHARMACOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY.

Hanssen, Peter. Geschichte der Epidemien bei Menschen und Tieren im Norden. 228 S. Gluckstadt, Verlag AUGUSTIN, 1925. Isis

Rogers, Sir Leonard, and Muir, Ernest. Leprosy. xII+301 P.Bristol, J. WRIGHT and Sons, 1926. ISIS

Schmidt, Benno. Bibliotheca herniologica. 24 p. Amsterdam, Interna- tionaal Antiquariaat, 1926. SI

Catalogue of the collection of books on hernia gathered by Professor Dr. BENNO SCHMIDT of Heidelberg, formerly of Leipzig (1826-96). 396 items, all and each of them for sale. Portrait. G. S.

SchrlJver, J. Fames canina. Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der genees- kunde, 6, 49-54, 1926. fsis

Apropos of three medical theses: De fame canina by JOANNES VAN DER MEER, Leyden, 1660; De bulimo, seu appetentia canina by ABRAUAM DE REUS, Leyden, 1722; De fame canina by JOANNES OOSTWOUDT. Leyden, 1694. G. S.

52. - HISTORY of HOSPITALS and of MEDICAL TEACHING.

Beurden, A. F. Van. Het sint Elisabeth's gast- of ziekenhuis te Amersfoort. Met houtsneden van VICTOR VAN SCHOONHOVEN VAN BEURDEN. Amersfoort, Drukkerij de Eembode. 1924. Isis

Reviewed tby D. SCHOUTH in Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der genees- kunde, VI, 79-83, 1926.

Billroth, Theodor (1829-1894). The medical sciences in the German universities: a study in the history of civilization. Translated from the German, with an introduction by WILLIAM H. WELCH. xii+292 p. New York, MACMILLAN, 1924. Iisi

Guillain, Georges et Mathieu, P. La Salpetriere. Paris, MASSON, 1925. ISI8

Reviewed in Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis der geneeskunde, 5, 288-90, 1925.

Guy's Hospital Gazette. Special number in commemoration of the bi-centenary of the hospital and the centenary of the Medical School, 1725-1925. Edited by LESLIE GEORGE HOUSDEN. Sub-editor GORDON GOULD CAMERON. 216 p. Guy's Hospital, London, 1925.

ISIrs

Power, Sir d'Arcy. A short history of St. Bartholomew's Hospital 1123-1923, Past and present. xv+201 p. London, St. Bartholo- mew's Hospital, 1923. Isis

53. - PHARMACY, PHARMACOLOGY, TOXICOLO(GY.

Andel, M. A. Van. De mandragora, een verdoovingsmiddel der oud- heid. (Klassieke wondermiddelen, 8.) Bijdragen tot de g'eschiedenis der geneeskunde, 6, 105-112, 1926. Isis

Cushny, Arthur Robertson. The action and uses in medicine of Digi. talis and its allies. xI +- 303 p. London, LONGMANS, GREEN, 1925.

ISIS

(ayvit, John Palmer. Opium. xi+308 p. London, ROUTLEDGE, 1925. IBIS

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EDUCATION BIBLIOGRAPHY

Lascoff, J. Loon. Later history of pharmacy in America. Medical Life, 33, 75-94, 1926. isis

Leclerc, Henri. Deux plantes ( casse-lunettes l): le bleuet et l'eu- phraise. Janus, 29, 271-281, 1925. I1Is

Histoire des croyances populaires attachees aux proprietes pharmaco- dynamiques de ces deux plantes: ce n'est qu'au XVe sieele que le bleuet fut vante comme un sp6cifique des inflammations des yeux; il servait en meme temps a panser les erysipeles, entrait dans la composition d'un baume pour favoriser la dentition, et calmait les acces de fievre. Des le xIve siecle, l'euphraise est employee comme sp,cifique des maladies des yeux. L. G.

Raubenheimer, Otto. Early history of pharmacy in America. Medical Life, 33. 53-74, illust., 1926. isis

VIII. - EDUCATION.

(The methods of accumulating, imparting and diffusing knowledge.)

54. - EDUCATION.

(Generalities, Methods, Colleges, Universities.) Raine, Angelo. History of St. Peter's School, York A. D. 627 to the

present day. With a foreword by the Right Rev. G. F. BROWNE. late Bishop of Bristol. London, BELL, 1926. Isis

Wilkins, Harold Tom. Great English schools. Wood engravings by H. GEORGE WEBB. xv+320 p. London, NOEL DOUGLAS, 1926. tss

56. - BIBLIOGRAPHY.

(Methods, Libraries.) Pord, Worthington Chauncey. Photostat Americana Proceedings

Massachusetts Historical Society, vol 58, October 1924, June 1925, Boston, 1925. pp. 297-316. Isis

A valuable bibliography of unique and extremely rare early Americana (especially material on exploration) that have been reproduced by photo- stat by the Massachusetts Historical Society from the original documents in various libraries in the United States and Europe. J. K. W.

Mortet, Charles, Le format des livres. Notions pratiques suivies'de recherches historiques. 50 p in-8?, 4 tableaux depliants, ED. CHAM- PION, Paris, 1925 isis

Expose des regles techniques et des faits d'experience a la lumiere desquels il est possible de resoudre les principales difficultes qui se pre- sentent a qui doit indiquer exactement le format des livres qu'il a a decrire ou a cataloguer. Cet expose pratique (22 p.) est suivi de recherches histo- riques sur le format des livres depuis le moyen Age, alors que les livres etaient encore manuscrits et que le parchemin en etait la matiSre ordi- naire. La pliure in-16 de volumes imprimes sur papier remonte a 1485; la pliure in-32, a 1505; l'in-12 sur papier est de 1524; l'in-24 est de la meme epoque; MORTET n'a trouve l'in-18 qu'en 1627. Les formules in-folio, in-quarto, etc., encore employees, mais qui donnent maintenant soit le format reel (livres anciens), soit le format apparent (livres modernes), soit le format conventionnel (cote d'inventaire), remontent & la premiSre moitie du xvie sibcle. L. G.

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MUSEOLOGY. ERRATA.

57. - MUSEOLOOY.

(Museums and Collections.)

Richards, Charles Russell. The industrial Museuml x+-117 p. London, MACMILLAN, 1925. Isis

59. - ERRATA n? 12.

(For previous errata, see Isis VIII, 655.)

Vol. VI, 145. 157.

Vol. VII, 242. Vol. VIII, 203.

Note LABORDE. Geographical Journal, vol. 62 (not 52). FEDELI, CARLO (not Fideli). Last note. RUHRXAH (not Rurah'.

STRZYGOWSKI'S Altai Iran was published by HINRICIS in Leipzig, 1917.

349. 1. 9 read Isis VIII, 623. A few other misprints are not mentioned in these errata because they

are too obvious to cause any error or confusion. I wish to express my thankfulness to the readers who take the trouble to make the above- mentioned corrections in their set of Isis. I would advise them, after having accomplished that little task, to write their initials near mine at the bottom of this note, thus to indicate that these and the previous errata have been taken into account. G. S.

These and the previous errata have been corrected by...

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