TURNING 2011’S DISASTERS INTO DISASTER RESILIENCE EDUCATIONAL SURGES

PART 1

Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction

GOAL: COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE GOAL: COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE

FLOODS

SEVERE WIND STORMS

EARTHQUAKES

DROUGHTS

LANDSLIDES

WILDFIRES

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

TSUNAMIS

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS

INCREASE TECHNICAL AND POLITICL CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY TO COPE

INCREASE OWNERSHIP AND USE OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE

USE DISASTERS INFO TO USE DISASTERS INFO TO IMPROVE COMMUNITY IMPROVE COMMUNITY RESILIENCE RESILIENCE

EXAMPLES OF 2011’s DISASTERS

NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2011NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2011

FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA

EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IN JAPANWILDFIRES IN ARIZONA AND TEXASHURRICANE IRENE AND TROPIAL STORM LEE

FLOODS ALONG THE MISSISSIPPI River

SUPER TORNADO OUTBREAK

CATALYSTS FOR CHANGE

NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR COMMUNITY DISASTER COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTIONRISK REDUCTION

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

A DISASTER is --- --- the set of failures that overwhelm the capability of a community to respond without external help  when three continuums: 1)  people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) complex events (e.g., floods, earthquakes, ...,) intersect at a point in space and time.

BENEFITS OF AN EDUCATIONAL SURGE

• Transforms information and experience gained from a disaster into knowledge and technology for educational surges that can be used to make the stricken community disaster resilient.

BUILDING CAPACITY FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• Identify the gaps in community capacity in the four critical elements of the solution.

• Concentrate resources on filling the gaps in the four critical elements of the solution and start creating turning points for change.

STRICKEN STRICKEN COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY

DATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•HAZARD MAPS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

FOCUS ON FOUR FOCUS ON FOUR CRITICAL AREAS CRITICAL AREAS

BEST POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR:•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•RESPONSE & RECOVERY

DISASTER RESILIENCEDISASTER RESILIENCE

CRITICAL E;EMENTS FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• PREPAREDNESS (READY FOR ANY COMPLEX EVENT)

• PROTECTION (BUILD ESSENTIAL AND CRITICAL FACILITIES TO WITHSTAND)

COMMON AGENDA FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• RESPONSE (SAVING LIVES, AND ENSURING CONTINUITY)

• RECOVERY (BOUNCING BACK QUICKLY AND RESUMING LIFE AVAIN)

BENEFITS OF AN EDUCATIONAL SURGE

• Intensifies efforts to protect essential (schools) and critical (hospitals, dams, transportation, systems, and power plants) facilities.

EDUCATIONAL SURGES CREATE TURNING POINTS EDUCATIONAL SURGES CREATE TURNING POINTS FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL SECTORS OF SOCIETY INFORMED

IGNORANCE TO ENLIGHTENMENT

APATHY TO EMPOWERMENT

BOUNDARIES TO NETWORKS

STATUS QUO TO GOOD POLITICAL DECISIONS

EDUCATIONAL SURGES WILL INCREASE KNOWLEDGE OF A COM-MUNITY’S RISK

TURNING POINTS FOR CHANGETURNING POINTS FOR CHANGE

NEW RESOURCES

NEW DELIVERY MECHANISMS

NEW PROFESSIONAL LINKAGES

NEW LEGISLATIVE MANDATES

NEW DIALOGUE ON BUILDING A CULTURE OF DISASTER-RISK REDUCTION

EDUCATIONAL SURGES WILL RESULT IN …

EDUCATIONAL SURGEEDUCATIONAL SURGE

ADD VALUE

INCREASE AWARENESS

INCREASE UNDERSTANDING

INCREASE POLITICAL WILL

BUILD EQUITY

AN EDUCATIONAL SURGE WILL

BENEFITS OF EDUCATIONAL SURGESBENEFITS OF EDUCATIONAL SURGES

EXPAND CAPABILITY

IMPROVE DELIVERY MECHANISMS

OVERCOME UNIVERSAL BARRIERS

CREATE TURNING POINTS OF CHANGE

INCREASE COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE

EDUCATIONAL SURGES

THE THREE CONTINUUMS OF EVERY DISASTER

• PEOPLE• COMMUNITY• COMPLEX EVENTS

A DISASTER IMPACTS ALL SOCIETAL ELEMENTS

COMPLEX EVENTS THAT CAN CAUSE A DISASTER

• Single- or multiple-event natural hazards that, (for various reasons), cause extreme levels of morbidity, mortality, homelessness, joblessness, economic losses, and environmental impacts.

FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA

DECEMBER 10, 2010 – JANUARY 11, 2011

LOCATION MAP

LOSS OF FUNCTION OF STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN

FLOODS

INUNDATION

INTERACTION WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS DAMAGE FROM WATER

WATER BORNE DISEASES (HEALTH PROBLEMS)

EROSION AND MUDFLOWS

CONTAMINATION OF GROUND WATER

CAUSES OF RISK

CASE HISTORIES

GREAT QUEENSLAND FLOOD INUNDATES 22 TOWNS,

DISPLACES 200,000, KILLS 35, AND CAUSES LOSSES OF

OVER $5 BILLION IN AUSTRALIA

Catastrophic flooding in Queensland was fed by one of the most intense La Nina weather events in decades.

75 PERCENT OF QUEENSLAND STATE

DECLARED A DISASTER ZONE

RECORD FLOODING IN AUSTRALIA:

NEW SOUTH WALESROCKHAMPTONTOOWOOMBA

BRISBANE

DECEMBER 10, 2010 – JANUARY 11, 2011

QUEENSLAND: WIDESPREAD IMPACTS

• Socioeconomic impacts for 200,000 people included: evacuations, industrial slow-down, a plague of snakes and crocodiles, health care problems, missing persons, deaths, and losses of 5+ Billion.

WORST FLOODING IN A DECADE REACHES CITY

AFTER CITY Floodwaters drained slowly towards the country's northeast coast, filling bulging rivers and inundating at least 22 towns and cities in the cattle and fruit and vegetable farming region.

THE FIRST PHASE OF RECORD FLOODING BEGAN

IN DECEMBER

DECEMBER 10, 2010

DECEMBER STORMS BROUGHT HEAVY RAINFALL: DEC. 17, 2010

NEW SOUTH WALES: 45 FLOOD DISASTER ZONES

TOWN OF BUNDABERG INUNDATED

ROCKHAMPTON BECAME AN ISLAND:JANUARY 3, 2011

INUNDATED AIRPORT RUNWAYS: JANUARY 3, 2011

FLEEING WITH POSSESSIONS: JANUARY 3, 2011

TRADITIONAL SANDBAGGING HAD LIMITED VALUE

FITZROY RIVER PEAKED AT 9.2 M: JANUARY 6, 2011

FLOOD WATERS CRIPPLE COAL INDUSTRY: JAN 7, 2011

THE THIRD PHASE OF FLOODING WAS TRIGGERED

BY FLASH FLOODING

JANUARY 11, 2011

QUEENSLAND: WIDESPREAD IMPACTS

• Socioeconomic impacts for about 200 thousand people included: industrial slow-down, evacuations, a plague of snakes and crocodiles, and health care problems associated with evacuation and water-borne diseases.

INUNDATED ROADWAYS SHUT DOWN TRUCKS

TOWN OF THEODORE: FLOODED

THEODORE’S HOUSES INUNDATED

TOWN OF BUNDABERG INUNDATED

IMPACTS

• Cars were transformed into “boats” and became scrap metal as they collided with infrastructure; giant metal industrial bins were tossed about as if made of paper; and houses were torn off foundations.

STRATEGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FLOOD RISK REDUCTION

• REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS

• MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES)

• RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING)

• DATABASES • MAPS: 100-YEAR AND

500-YEAR FLOODS• FLOOD DISASTER

SCENARIOS• DRONE PLANES• HAZMAT

MANAGEMENT

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE STRATEGIES

• PURPOSE• PREVENTION

• PROTECTION

• LAND USE CONTROL

• TECHNIQUE• WATERSHED

MANAGEMENT• FLOOD CONTROL

(DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS)

• HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES)

FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE STRATEGIES

• PURPOSE• SITE MODIFICATION• ALERT/WARNING• MONITORING• RISK ZONES • IMPROVE

PREPAREDNESS

• TECHNIQUE• EMBANKMENTS;

SANDBAGS• EVACUATION • STREAM GAGUES;

DRONE PLANES• 100-500 YEAR

FLOOD MAPS • SCENARIOS