11

Turn-off cellular phones, pagers and two-way radios

Place all papers, trash and beverage containers in trash receptacles before leaving

No smoking or tobacco products

Be considerate of others in the classroom

Please…

22

Provide assistance in developing a Written Workplace Safety ProgramAnd Workplace Safety Assessments

Answer questions on workplace safety

problems

Training for management or employees on workplace safety

Video lending library

44

Injuries and Accident CausesInjuries and Accident Causes

Training and EvaluationTraining and Evaluation

Battery ChargingBattery Charging

TravelingTraveling

OperationOperation

MaintenanceMaintenance

55

PITs have many applicationsPITs have many applications

Hauling

Lifting

Pulling

Stacking

PITs must only be used for those jobs PITs must only be used for those jobs for which they were designedfor which they were designed

66

PITs must only be used for the purpose PITs must only be used for the purpose for which they were intendedfor which they were intended

Follow manufacturer’s instructions

Modifications must Modifications must have written approval have written approval from the manufacturer from the manufacturer

Changes must be noted on the name plate

77

Nameplates must have this information:Nameplates must have this information:

Weight

Rated capacity

Load center

Lifting height

Attachments

Designation

Any modifications

88

Accidents cause:Accidents cause:

Personal injury

Pain and suffering

Lost work time

Permanent disability

Increased costs

Worker’s Comp

Property damage

Loss of business

99

Common hazardsCommon hazards

Falling load accidents

Excessive speed

Operator’s vision can be obscured

Tendency to become unstable

1010

Prevent PIT accidents by:Prevent PIT accidents by:

Training and certifying operators

Maintaining PITs properly

Following proper operating procedures:

Following safety rules/regulations

Observing workplace surroundings

Knowing the limitations of the equipment

1111

Powered Industrial Trucks (PITs):Powered Industrial Trucks (PITs):

Often weigh more than a car or light truck

Are very powerful for their size

Use rear wheel steering

Can turn in a tighter circle than most vehicles

Are often less than four feet wide

Have no suspension systems (in most PITs)

1212

Unlike a car or truck, lift trucks use the Unlike a car or truck, lift trucks use the rear wheels for steeringrear wheels for steering

1313

The center of gravity of a PIT shifts The center of gravity of a PIT shifts upwards quickly as the load is raisedupwards quickly as the load is raised

The shift is more pronounced when making turns with the load raised or when operating on a slope

Stability Triangle: The triangle formed between the three support points (A, B, & C) on the underside of the truck.

1414

Load CG

Vertical Stability Line(Line of Action)

Combined CG

Truck CG

Load CG

Combined CG

Vertical Stability Line(Line of Action)Truck CG

The vehicle is stable This vehicle is unstable and will continue to tip over

1515

Loads must be stable and safely arrangedLoads must be stable and safely arranged

Caution must be used when the load can’t be centered

Within the rated truck capacity

1616

A

B

C

Vehicle Center ofGravity (Unloaded)

Center of Gravityof Vehicle and Maximum Load(Theoretical)Notes:

1. When the vehicle is loaded, the combined center of gravity (CG) shifts toward line B-C. Theoretically the maximum load will result in the CG at the line B-C. In actual practice, the combined CG should never be at line B-C.

2. The addition of additional counterweight will cause the truck CG to shift toward point A and result in a truck that is less stable laterally.

1717

Place the load so that the load's center of Place the load so that the load's center of gravity is close to the fulcrum pointgravity is close to the fulcrum point

This will cause the center of gravity for both the truck and the load to shift behind the front wheels

Wrong Right

1818

If the center of gravity moves too far If the center of gravity moves too far forward, the PIT can tip to the frontforward, the PIT can tip to the front

1919

Ensure PIT operators are competent to Ensure PIT operators are competent to operate a PIT safely by training them in:operate a PIT safely by training them in:

Truck-related topics

Workplace-related topics

2020

Benefits of training:Benefits of training:

Specialized instruction

Creates proficiency

Measures employee's skills and knowledge

Provides records for proof of certification

2121

Trainees may operate a PIT:Trainees may operate a PIT:

Only under direct supervision of a qualified person

Without endangering themselves or others

Training must be:Training must be:

Formal

Practical

Evaluated

2222

Formal training topics (generally Formal training topics (generally considered truck-related topics)considered truck-related topics)

Operating instructions, warnings and precautions

For the type of truck for which the operator will be authorized

Differences between PITs and automobiles

Truck controls and instrumentation

Location, purpose and how they work

2323

Formal training topics Formal training topics

Engine or motor operations

Steering and maneuvering

Visibility

Vehicle capacity and stability

2424

Provide training about the area in Provide training about the area in which the PIT will be usedwhich the PIT will be used

Surface conditions

Composition of loads and their stability

Load manipulation, stacking, and un-stacking

Pedestrian traffic

2525

Provide training about the area in Provide training about the area in which the PIT will be usedwhich the PIT will be used

Hazardous locations and/or conditions

Restricted areas and narrow aisles

Ramps and other sloped surfaces

Closed environments

2626

Refresher training, including an evaluation Refresher training, including an evaluation of the effectiveness of that training, must be of the effectiveness of that training, must be conductedconducted

An evaluation of each powered industrial truck operator's performance must be conducted at least once every three years

2727

Refresher training is required if:Refresher training is required if:

The operator has been observed to be operating in an unsafe manner or was given a poor evaluation

Operator was involved in an accident or near miss

Workplace conditions change

2828

Avoiding duplicative trainingAvoiding duplicative training

Previous training is acceptable if it isappropriate to the PIT and working conditions

Evaluation of drivers must still be Evaluation of drivers must still be conducted at least once every three yearsconducted at least once every three years

2929

The The employeremployer must certify that each must certify that each operator has been trained and evaluated, operator has been trained and evaluated, and the certification must include the:and the certification must include the:

Type of equipment

Name of the operator

Date of the training

Date of the evaluation, and

Identity of the person(s) performing the training or evaluation

3030

Locate battery charging installations in Locate battery charging installations in areas designated for that purposeareas designated for that purpose

Provide facilities for: Provide facilities for:

Flushing and neutralizing spilled electrolyte

Fire protection

Protecting charging apparatus from damage by PITs, and

Adequate ventilation for dispersal of fumes from gassing batteries

3131

When charging PIT batteries:When charging PIT batteries:

Use a conveyor or other material handling equipment for handling batteries

Use a carboy tilter for handling electrolyte

When charging batteries, pour acid into water; don’t pour water into acid

3232

When charging PIT batteries:When charging PIT batteries:

Position PITs and apply the brakes before changing or charging batteries

Prohibit smoking, and prevent open flames, sparks, or electric arcs in the charging area

Keep tools and other metallic objects away from the tops of uncovered batteries

3333

When charging PIT batteries, use the When charging PIT batteries, use the proper PPE for the hazards involvedproper PPE for the hazards involved

Chemical goggles and face shields

Chemical aprons and gloves

Safety-toe boots

Have an eyewash in the area Have an eyewash in the area in case electrolyte is splashed in case electrolyte is splashed into the eyesinto the eyes

3434

Store and handle: Store and handle:

Liquid fuels such as gasoline and diesel fuel in accordance with NFPA Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code (NFPA No. 30-1969), incorporated by reference

Liquefied petroleum gas fuel in accordance with NFPA Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (NFPA No. 58-1969), incorporated by reference

3535

Safe operating procedures must be Safe operating procedures must be observed at all timesobserved at all times

Observe specified speed limits

Use safe following distances

Three truck lengths

Make sure the PIT is under the control of the operator at all times

3636

Safe operating procedures Safe operating procedures

Yield the right of way to emergency service vehicles

Passing is prohibited at blind spots and at dangerous locations

Wet or slippery driving surfaces require slower speeds

3737

Dock boards or bridge platesDock boards or bridge plates

Must be secured prior to driving on them

Never exceed their rated capacity

Avoid running over Avoid running over loose objectsloose objects

Ascend or descend Ascend or descend

grades slowlygrades slowly

3838

On grades the load and engaging means:On grades the load and engaging means:

Must be tilted back

Raised just enough to clear the road surface

Usually 4 to 6 inches

No stunt driving or horseplayNo stunt driving or horseplay

3939

Where vision is obscured and at cross Where vision is obscured and at cross aisles, the driver must slow down and aisles, the driver must slow down and sound the hornsound the horn

4040

If the load obstructs the forward view, If the load obstructs the forward view, the driver is required to travel with the the driver is required to travel with the load trailingload trailing

4141

Never drive up to anyone standing in Never drive up to anyone standing in front of a fixed objectfront of a fixed object

Never stand under an elevated portion Never stand under an elevated portion of the truckof the truck

Whether loaded or unloaded

4242

Riders are prohibited unless a safe place to Riders are prohibited unless a safe place to ride is providedride is provided

4343

People are People are NOTNOT counterweights!counterweights!

4444

Operators must keep their arms and Operators must keep their arms and legs within the trucklegs within the truck

Unattended vehicles must have the:Unattended vehicles must have the:

Load engaging means fully lowered

Controls neutralized

Power shut off

Brakes set

Wheels blocked on inclines

4545

A PIT is unattended when:A PIT is unattended when:

Not in the operator’s view, or

The operator is more than 25 feet away

4646

Maintain safe distances from edges of Maintain safe distances from edges of ramps or platforms when on elevated ramps or platforms when on elevated

docks, platforms, and freight carsdocks, platforms, and freight cars

4747

Opening or closing freight doors with a Opening or closing freight doors with a PIT is prohibitedPIT is prohibited

Brakes must be set and wheels blocked in Brakes must be set and wheels blocked in place when unloading: place when unloading:

Rail cars

Trucks

Trailers

4848

Jacks may be necessary to support a Jacks may be necessary to support a semi-trailer during loading or unloadingsemi-trailer during loading or unloading

WRONG!!! RIGHT

4949

Make sure the truck and trailer will Make sure the truck and trailer will support the weight of the PITsupport the weight of the PIT

5050

Carry loads low enough to avoid striking:Carry loads low enough to avoid striking:

Pipes

Sprinkler systems

Lights

Doorways

Other objects

5151

Protect operators from falling objects Protect operators from falling objects by using:by using:

An overhead guard

A load backrest to prevent the load from falling toward the operator

5252

Be aware of and stay clear of pinch points Be aware of and stay clear of pinch points

5353

Equipment used to lift Equipment used to lift personnel must be personnel must be approved by the approved by the

manufacturer for this manufacturer for this purposepurpose

5454

NOT acceptable for lifting workers…NOT acceptable for lifting workers…

5555

An PIT in need of repair must be taken An PIT in need of repair must be taken out of service until repairedout of service until repaired

When filling a fuel tank, the engine must When filling a fuel tank, the engine must be turned offbe turned off

Trucks must be examined before useTrucks must be examined before use

At least daily

If used round-the-clock, checked after each shift

5656

Employer certifiesEmployer certifies

Training requirementsTraining requirements

Formal

Practical

Evaluation

Initial, after retraining, and every three years

Retraining when and as necessary

5757

The training you receive in this program is intended to assist you in becoming familiar with

regulatory requirements. It is not, nor is it intended to be, a substitute for the training

requirements of your business under federal, state or local law. This program is intended to highlight regulatory requirements. It does not contain all of the information contained in the regulations, nor does it address every regulation. Participants are urged to refer to specific regulations as needed.