turfgrass weed management ii. broadleaf weed control

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Turfgrass Weed Management Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed II. Broadleaf Weed Control Control Tim R. Murphy Crop and Soil Sciences The University of Georgia

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Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control. Tim R. Murphy Crop and Soil Sciences The University of Georgia. Broadleaf Control. Most broadleaf control is done with postemergence herbicides. The essential broadleaf herbicides are: Postemergence - growth regulators and sulfonylureas - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Turfgrass Weed ManagementTurfgrass Weed ManagementII. Broadleaf Weed ControlII. Broadleaf Weed Control

Tim R. MurphyCrop and Soil Sciences

The University of Georgia

Page 2: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Broadleaf ControlBroadleaf Control

Most broadleaf control is done with postemergence herbicides.

The essential broadleaf herbicides are:– Postemergence - growth regulators and

sulfonylureas– Pre and post – atrazine, simazine,

metribuzin.– Pre only - Gallery

Page 3: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Growth Regulator HerbicidesGrowth Regulator Herbicides

Phenoxy Picolinic Acid Benzoic Acid

2,4-D Lontrel Banvel

dichlorprop Turflon D Vanquish

mecoprop

MCPA

Page 4: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Broadleaf HerbicidesBroadleaf Herbicides

There are many growth regulator combinations on the market.

Mixtures of broadleaf-active herbicides tend to control more weed species than each individual component herbicide.

Page 5: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Phenoxy + Dicamba HerbicidesPhenoxy + Dicamba Herbicides

Herbicide 2,4-D MCPP MCPA 2,4-DP dicamba

Weedar 64 X

MCPP-4 X

2 Plus 2 X X

Four Power + X X

Turf D + DP X X

Trimec Classic

X (>) X (<) X

Trimec Southern

X (<) X (>) X

Page 6: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Phenoxy + Dicamba HerbicidesPhenoxy + Dicamba Herbicides

Herbicide 2,4-D MCPP MCPA 2,4-DP

dicamba

Triamine X X X

Triamine II X (>) X (<) X

Tri-Power X (<) X (>) X

Dissolve X X X

Triplet X (>) X (<) X (>)

Triplet Sens. X (<) X (>) X (<)

Page 7: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Phenoxy, Dicamba, Picolinic Phenoxy, Dicamba, Picolinic HerbicidesHerbicides

Herbicide 2,4-D

MCPA clopyralid

triclopyr

dicamba

Lontrel X

Turflon Ester X

Confront X X

Chaser (ester) X X

Chaser II Am. X X

Cool Power (ester)

X (<) X (<) X (<)

HorsePower X (>) X (>) X (>)

Page 8: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Post Herbicide Use GuidelinesPost Herbicide Use Guidelines

Try to avoid spraying warm-season grasses during transition.

Shade grasses are less herbicide tolerant than grasses growing in full sun.

Spray when wind speeds are less than 5 mph.

Page 9: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Post Herbicide Use GuidelinesPost Herbicide Use Guidelines

Avoid stress conditions (> 90 F.)Avoid spring transition on warm-

seasonsRepeat applicationsDo not mow 24 to 48 hours before or after

applicationRainfall and irrigation effects

Page 10: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Post Herbicide Use GuidelinesPost Herbicide Use Guidelines

Do not water for 12-24 hours.

Need a rain free period of at least 6 hours.

Avoid extreme temperatures. Apply when temperatures are between 40 and 80°F.

Page 11: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Examples of Rain-Free PeriodsExamples of Rain-Free Periods

MSMA - 24 hoursTrimec Classic - 24 hoursBasagran T/O - 8 hoursFinale - 4 hoursVantage - 1 hour

Page 12: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Post Herbicide Use GuidelinesPost Herbicide Use GuidelinesAnnual weed control is excellent in the seedling

stage and poor as the weed maturesPerennial weeds are more susceptible in the

Spring or Fall because root reserves are usually depleted and the weed has less recovery potential

Apply to actively growing weeds - the cuticle is more easily penetrated

Sprays give better control than granules.

Page 13: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Post Herbicide Use GuidelinesPost Herbicide Use Guidelines

Repeat applications are most effective for tough perennials.

Apply during good growing conditions when adequate soil moisture is present.

Add a surfactant if called for on label.

Page 14: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Low growing winter annual

lawn burweed

fruit

Pre or postemergence atrazine or simazine in mid-fall. Prompt and Sencor are also effective on tolerant turfgrasses. Repeat applications of 2 or 3-way 2,4-D type herbicides. The key is applying in the fall when the weeds are small

Page 15: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

common chickweed

winter annual

Page 16: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

winter annualsticky chickweed

Page 17: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

henbithenbit

winter annual

Henbit

Page 18: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

winter annual

Purple deadnettle

Page 19: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

henbit

purple deadnettle

winter annuals

Page 20: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

winter annual

hairy bittercress

Page 21: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

fruit

winter annual shepherd’s purse

Page 22: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

annual or biennial

purple cudweed

Page 23: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

winter annual

parsley-piert

Page 24: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

winter annual

seedling

corn speedwell

Page 25: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Virginia Virginia buttonweebuttonwee

dd

Difficult to control. Try digging if there are only a few plants. Repeat applications of 3-ways or 2,4-D about 4 weeks apart

are needed for adequate suppression. 2,4-D seems to have the most activity.

Page 26: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Dandelion - PerennialDandelion - Perennial

2,4-D

Trimec

Confront

Drive

Page 27: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

wild violet wild violet - -

perennialperennial

Triclopyr-containing formulations (Turflon, Confront) Some think dichlorprop is better on violet. Confront requires careful use in warm-season. Safe in fescue.

Page 28: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

white clover - white clover - perennialperennial

Confront, Lontrel and Manor are very effective. Warm-season grasses should be dormant or fully greened-up..

Lontrel and Manor have greater turf safety than Confront. Trimec or other 3-ways are effective. May take two

applications.

Page 29: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

winter annual

Spotted burclover

Page 30: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Annual lespedeza

Summer annual

Page 31: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Chamberbitter, niruri

Summer annualBrought to Georgia in ornamental container plants.

•Atrazine or simazine applied twice, 30 days apart.

•Prompt also works well.

•2 or 3-way broadleaf mixtures applied 7 days apart are also effective in tolerant turfgrasses.

Page 32: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

prostrate prostrate spurge - spurge - summer summer annualannual

Postemergence: Manor, Sencor, Trimec

Preemergence: Simazine, atrazine, Gallery

Page 33: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

summer annual

fireweed

The 2 and 3-way growth regulator herbicides and Manor. Preemergence products are not very effective or provide only short term control.

American burnweed (fireweed)

Page 34: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Pennywort or dollarweed

perennial

•Atrazine or simazine applied twice, 30 days apart.

•Prompt also works well. Image, Drive and Manor.

•2- or 3-way broadleaf mixtures applied 7 days apart are also effective in tolerant turfgrasses.

Page 35: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Dichondra, rhizomatous perennial

Controlled by repeat applications of atrazine, 30 days apart.

2 and 3-way growth regulator herbicides. Confront is a little better than Trimec related compounds.

Page 36: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

perennial

ground ivy

Page 37: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

buckhorn plantain

perennial

Page 38: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

perennial

blackseed plantain

100% Control

Confront 2 pts/acre

Trimec 4 pts/acre

Page 39: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

perennial

woodsorrel (Oxalis spp.)

Page 40: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Non-Target PlantsNon-Target Plants

Check for restrictions on the use of herbicides around trees and shrubs.

Be very careful around vegetables and ornamentals with growth regulator herbicides.

Avoid applying dicamba and atrazine under shallow rooted ornamentals such as azalea and rhododendron.

Page 41: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Nonselective ControlNonselective Control

Roundup Pro - Do not tank mix with Reward or Finale if you are trying to control perennials.

Rapid burndown prevents translocation of Roundup through the plant.

Page 42: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Nonselective Broadleaf Nonselective Broadleaf ControlControl

Roundup Pro - slow acting (7-14 days) but provides the best control of perennials.

Reward - fastest burndown, poor perennial control, poor grass control.

Finale - Almost as fast as Reward, will leave a straight edge, very good on white clover and other legumes. Not good on perennials.

Page 43: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Lack of Post Herbicide Lack of Post Herbicide PerformancePerformance

Environmental stressesWeed growth stageRain/irrigation wash-offNo adjuvantPoor spray coverage

Page 44: Turfgrass Weed Management II. Broadleaf Weed Control

Lack of Post Herbicide Lack of Post Herbicide PerformancePerformance

Wrong rateWrong herbicideNo follow-up applicationMowing effects