turfgrass insect pests kansas state university ward upham

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Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

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Page 1: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Turfgrass Insect PestsKansas State University

Ward Upham

Page 2: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Common Insect Problems

▪White Grubs

▪Billbugs

▪Sod Webworm

▪Cutworms

▪Chinch Bugs

▪Winter Grain Mite

Page 3: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Insect ProblemsMost Common Problem is “Grubs”

▪May Beetle (June Bug)

▪Southern Masked Chafer

▪Black Turfgrass Ataenius

▪Billbugs

Page 4: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Grub Insects, Adults

May Beetle Southern Masked Chafer

Black TurfgrassAtaenius Billbug

Page 5: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Grub Insects, Larvae

Page 6: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Black Turfgrass Ataenius

Page 7: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White GrubsMottled appearance to turf

Page 8: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White GrubsBird Damage

Page 9: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White GrubsPulls Up Like Carpet

Page 10: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White GrubsGrubs “C” Shaped

Page 11: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White GrubsIdentification

May BeetleSouthern Masked Chafer

Page 12: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Southern Masked Chafer

▪Annual grub

▪Most common grub that causes damage

▪Adults don’t feed that we know of

Page 13: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Southern Masked ChaferAnnual Grub

Page 14: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

May Beetle

▪3-year Life Cycle

▪2nd Year Most Damaging

Page 15: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

May Beetle

First Year

Page 16: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

May BeetleSecond Year

Page 17: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

May Beetle

Third Year

Page 18: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White Grub ControlNumber needed to cause visible damage

▪Southern Masked Chafer: 8-9 per square foot

▪May Beetle: 3-4 per square foot

Page 19: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White Grub ControlMerit Insecticide

▪Labeled for white grubs and billbugs

▪Considered a 3 month product

▪If after annual grubs, apply early to mid- July

▪If also seeking to control May Beetle grubs or billbugs, apply no earlier than mid-May

▪Causes a disruption of a grub's nervous system resulting in its death

▪Not for rescue treatments

Page 20: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White Grub ControlMach 2 Insecticide

▪Labeled for cutworms, sod webworms, billbugs and white grubs

▪Considered a 6 week product

▪Apply early to mid- July for white grub control

▪Accelerates a grub's development by causing it to molt prematurely

▪Feeding stops within a couple of hours of ingestion

Page 21: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

White Grub ControlRescue Treatments

▪Apply when see damage

▪Use conventional insecticide such as Dylox or Sevin

Page 22: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Summary: Ohio Grub Control Tests

Results from 1976 through 1999Insecticide Percent Kill

Diazinon 70.4

Sevin 74.3

Dylox, Proxol 77.4

Mach 2 95.4

Merit 93.7

Page 23: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

How to Tell if Grub Affected by Insecticide

Grub on Way OutHealthy Grub

Page 24: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Black Turfgrass Ataenius

▪Adult small, black beetle

▪Larva like miniature white grub

Page 25: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Black Turfgrass Ataenius

▪Only found on golf course greens or areas near greens

▪Overwinters as adults

▪Grubs present June and late August

▪Grubs feed on roots like other grubs

▪Damage usually seen at populations greater than 100 per square foot

Page 26: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Black Turfgrass Ataenius Control

▪Best to spray adults

▪Look for adults when▸Vanhoute spirea blooms (First generation)▸Rose-of-Sharon blooms (Second generation)

▪Adults swarm over turf in evenings

▪For adults, Scimitar will work well

Page 27: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Billbugs

▪Adult has snout

▪Larva is legless

Page 28: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Billbugs

▪Overwinters as adults

▪Larvae cause damage

▪See damage mid-July to mid-August

Page 29: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Billbugs

▪Damage▸Mottled appearance to turf

Page 30: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Billbugs

▪Damage▸Mottled appearance to turf▸Hollowed out stems and frass

Page 31: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Billbugs

▪Damage▪Control▸Use Merit or Mach 2 during month of June as a

preventative▸Control adults during April if see them. Can use

Scimitar for adults.▸Can use Mach 2 when see damage from grubs

(difficult to control because inside plant when young)

Page 32: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Sod Webworm

▪Adult is moth with snout

▪Larva have spots on side

Page 33: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Sod Webworm Damage

▪Damage about size of softball

▪Spots coalesce if damage is severe

Page 34: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Sod Webworm Sign

▪Look for silken tunnels

▪Look for green “pellets”

Page 35: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Sod Webworm Control

▪Time spray by adult activity: Start checking for damage 8 - 10 days after peak moth flight

▪Can use Sevin, Bifenthrin (Talstar, Ortho Max Insect Killer for Lawns) or Lambda cyhalothrin (Scimitar, Spectracide Triazicide)

Page 36: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Chinch Bugs

▪Adults have black and white patterned wings▪Found on Zoysia; a second species found on

buffalograss▪Larvae are reddish with white waistband

Page 37: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Chinch Bugs

▪Adults and nymphs cause damage

▪Found in sunny areas

▪Feed on grass near or slightly below turf/soil interface

Page 38: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Chinch Bugs

▪Can check for insects by using metal cylinder (such as coffee can with ends cut out)

▪Drive can into soil and fill with water

Page 39: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Chinch Bug Control

▪Carbaryl (Sevin)▪Bifenthrin (Talstar, Ortho Max Insect Killer for

Lawns)

▪Chlorpyrifos (Dursban) can be used on golf courses, road medians, industrial sites but not home lawns

Page 40: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Cutworms

▪Can have more than one type, such as variegated, bronze and black cutworms

Variegated Cutworm

Page 41: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Cutworm Damage

▪Larvae cut off plants near ground level

▪See damage early or late in season

Page 42: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Cutworms

▪Can use wide variety of products including acephate (Acephate, Orthene, Ortho Systemic Insect Control), bifenthrin (Talstar, Ortho Max Insect Killer for Lawns) , lambda cyhalothrin (Scimitar, Spectracide Triazicide) or carbaryl (Sevin) for control

Page 43: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Winter Grain Mite

▪Reddish legs and black body; 8 legged mite.

Page 44: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Winter Grain MiteSpecies Damaged

▪Kentucky bluegrass

▪Bentgrass

▪Perennial ryegrass

▪Tall fescue

Page 45: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Winter Grain MiteDamage

▪Turf has silvered, scorched appearance caused by mites rasping open leaves as they feed

▪Turf treated with carbaryl (Sevin) tends to be worse

▪Mites feed during winter to early spring months

▪In evening, mites come up on grass blades near edge of damage.

▪Mites survive the summer as eggs

Page 46: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Winter Grain MiteControl

▪Often, turf will grow out of damage

▪However, if chemical control is needed; bifenthrin (Talstar, Ortho Max Insect Killer for Lawns) or lambda cyhalothrin (Scimitar, Spectracide Triazicide)

Page 47: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Fall Armyworm▪Damage

Page 48: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Fall Armyworm

▪Different age larvae may look different

Page 49: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Fall Armyworm

▪Different age larvae may look different

▪Identification: “Y” on head.

Page 50: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

Fall Armyworm: Control

▪Acephate (Acephate, Orthene, Ortho Systemic Insect Control),

▪Bifenthrin (Talstar, Ortho Max Insect Killer for Lawns)

▪Lambda cyhalothrin (Scimitar, Spectracide Triazicide)

Page 51: Turfgrass Insect Pests Kansas State University Ward Upham

The End