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Page 1: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Travel & Tourism Sector

Travel & Tourism Sector

Page 2: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Aims Travel and tourism sector: travel

services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation services; passenger transport; relationships and links, levels of integration; Liepers tourist system, chain of distribution; private, public and voluntary sectors

Page 3: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism

Page 4: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism

Page 5: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation
Page 6: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Travel Services Airlines , airports, Logistics service providers Cruise Ships / ferries Trains Busses Trams Taxis Even three wheelers Travel agents Virgin galactic ? Not right now

Page 7: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Travel Services Travel Industry: Major Players

The most popular travel destinations include: Country International tourist arrivals (in

millions) - 2007 figures France 81.9 Spain 59.2 US 56.0 China54.7

Page 8: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Travel Services Air travel: It is the most popular form of international

travel, due to its speed and coverage. Some of the busiest airports of the world are Los Angeles International Airport (the US), Heathrow Airport (the UK) and Frankfurt International Airport (Germany).  

Rail travel: The popular forms of rail travel include inter-city trains, rapid transit (metro rail) and high speed long distance trains. Rail travel is generally restricted to domestic territory. However, it is permitted across some countries in Europe. Countries with the largest rail travel density are China, India, Japan and Russia.  

Page 9: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Travel Services Road travel: It is the most popular form of travel and

includes various modes such as personal automobiles, buses and taxis. The busiest road in the world is Highway 401 (Ontario, Canada).

Ship travel: Sea travel has largely been replaced by faster means of travel, such as automobiles and airplanes. However, it is still used for short trips (ferries) and leisure cruises. The largest cruise ships in the world include three ships of the ‘Freedom Class’ owned by Royal Caribbean International. Popular destinations for sea travel are the Caribbean and North America. 

Page 10: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism Services Sri Lanka has a growing tourism industry. Since gaining

independence from the British in 1947, Sri Lanka has continued to attract foreign investors and tourists to the island. The country's important placement also enables it to attract transit visitors into the island.

Over the years, many beautiful resorts, hotels and spas have opened. Incorporating the diverse culture of the country, the various Tourist Establishments here offer visitors a unique, yet memorable experience to remember with.

The Ceylon Tourism Board was formed in 1966 and in 2005, under a new Act of Parliament, the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority (SLTDA) was formed in that year.

Page 11: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism Services Accommodation sector providing people with a suitable place to stay hotels, motels motor lodges,

resorts, bed and breakfasts (B&B), caravan parks, hostels serviced apartments. from luxury to self-service

hotels provide accommodation and food and beverage services. Rooms are cleaned daily and in most large hotels, the front desk operates 24 hours a day to satisfy guest needs.

resorts provide a range of entertainment and activities as well as accommodation and food and beverage service. Resorts are often popular with families as they provide entertainment which is suitable for the whole family.

hostels provide accommodation and cooking facilities and are often dormitory style to suit young backpackers who are on a budget.

caravan parks provide accommodation, some cooking facilities and will often provide entertainment facilities such as swimming pools and children’s play areas

Serviced apartments – Apartment Space, some hotel services E.g. http://www.where2nexthostel.com/

Page 12: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism Services Food and beverage sector The food and beverage sector provides people with a range of

meals and beverages and includes restaurants, cafés, fast food outlets, bars and outside caterers. Like the accommodation sector, the food and beverage sector offers a range of services and levels of quality.  For example:

restaurants can vary from simple family run businesses with a friendly atmosphere, home-style food and inexpensive menu, to exclusive restaurants with expensive prices and high quality food and service.

fast food outlets specialize in fast and efficient service and are usually relatively inexpensive. The menu is limited and the food is standardized across franchises so customers know what to expect.

caterers provide food for functions which are held in the venue chosen by the customer, such as a private home or hired hall

Page 13: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism Services Meetings, incentives, conventions and events (MICE)

sector The MICE sector is a sector of the tourism industry which is varied

and dynamic and brings together large groups of people for specific events usually from the corporate world.

meetings can include annual general meetings (AGM’s), committee meetings.

conventions involve a large number of like-minded people meeting to discuss topics and perhaps look at products related to their industry.  Conventions are usually limited to a short period of time.

events like conventions occur for a short period of time and may be a one off occasion or occur annually.

The MICE sector involves facilities such as convention centres and hotels, and usually provides food and beverages, and may also include organized accommodations. Occupations in this sector include function or wedding managers, events managers, venue managers and administrative staff

Page 14: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism Services Clubs and gaming sectors These sectors work closely with each other and include

organisations such as RSL or bowling clubs, leagues clubs or golf clubs. These establishments provide food and beverages, entertainment such as live shows and bands, televised sports events, gaming facilities (e.g. Keno, poker machines and TAB) and private functions. Larger clubs may also offer accommodation services.  An example of a club which offers a diverse range of service is Panthers at Penrith<<link to http://penrith.panthers.com.au/Home>>

Casinos are an example of an establishment which operates in the gaming sector.  They provide gaming facilities, entertainment such as live shows, accommodation and food and beverages. An example of a casino is the Star Casino in Sydney 

Page 15: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism Services Entertainment and recreation sector The role of this sector is to provide

entertainment and recreation for tourists.  Entertainment activities usually involve sight seeing, cultural events, museums and art galleries.

Recreation activities include sporting events, amusement parks, zoo visits, beaches, cultural heritage areas and other specialized attractions such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge Climb.

Page 16: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Tourism Services Visitors’ information sector It is the role of the visitors’ information

sector to provide tourists with information about a destination.

http://www.srilanka.travel/ Currently the sltda has programs in place

to provide visitor information.

Page 17: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Passenger Transport Trains Busses Taxis Shuttle services Safaris Limousines Sea planes Airlines Ships

Page 18: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Leiper’s Model

Page 19: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Leipers Model Leiper describes three main geographical elements in

his system's model. These are: (I) Traveller-generating region(II) Tourist destination region (III) Transit route region

The traveller-generating region (TGR) exemplifies the area breeding markets for tourism, and practically acts as the 'push' force to motivate and stimulate i.e., set off and encourage travel.It is this region where the tourist tries to seek information, goes for reservations and makes the departure. This region is basically related to the demand aspect of travel and tourism.

Page 20: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Leipers Model Further, the tourist destination region (TDR)

symbolizes the 'sharp end of tourism' and is, indeed, the raison d' etre for tourism.

The pull force of the destinations activates the whole tourism system besides begetting demand for travel in the traveller generating region.According to Leiper, it is at the destination where the most noticeable and dramatic consequences of the system occur.

Page 21: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

Leipers Model Since, it is the destination where the utmost impact

of tourism is felt, therefore, the planning and management strategies are implemented in this region.

Furthermore, the transit route region (TR) typifies not only the in-between places which may be visited en route, but also the short period of travel to get to the destination.Leiper highlights that 'there is always an interval in a trip when the traveller feels they have left their home region but have not yet arrived. Where they chose to visit'. 

Page 22: Travel & Tourism Sector. Aims  Travel and tourism sector: travel services; tourism services; conferences and events; visitor attractions; accommodation

exercise Identify the 3 areas of tourism to

Thailand using the Leipers Model.

Give specific information. i.e. Bangkok Airport.