tower6 rus

Tower 6 [ Build 1300]

Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

Build 1200 :1.2.1 1.2.2 3.1.3 3.2.2 6.1 8.5.5 8.6.5 8.10 8.11.1 9.2 9.3.4 9.3.11 9.4.1.1 9.4.1.2 9.4.3 9.4.5 - -


1. ................................................................................................. 1 1.1 1.21.2.1 1.2.2

...........................1 ..........................................................................9 .......................................................... 10 ................................................................................. 18

1.3 1.4 1.5

- ................................................................... 24 ............................................................................. 26 ................................... 26

2. .................................................................... 28 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.42.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4

......................................................................... 28 ............................................ 30 ................................................................................ 33 ...................................................................... 35 ......................................................... 37 ..................................................... 37 ............................................................................. 37 ........................................................................ 38

2.52.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.5.5 2.5.6

..................................................................................... 47 ......................................................................... 50 ............................................... 50 ........................... 52 ........................................................ 53 (OSNAP - )............................... 55 ....................................................................... 58

2.62.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.3 2.6.4 2.6.5

......................................................... 59 ......................................... 60 ...................................................................... 61 ..................................................................................... 64 ........................... 65 ............................................................................................. 66

2.72.7.1 2.7.2

............................................ 67. ............................................................................................ 67 . ................................................................................. 68


2.7.3 2.7.4 2.7.5 2.7.6

. .................................................................................... 68 . . ......................................................................................... 69 . ........................................................................................... 69 ........................................................................................ 70

2.8 2.92.9.1 2.9.2 2.9.3 2.9.4 2.9.5 2.9.6 2.9.7 2.9.8 2.9.9

.................................................................. 70 ............................... 77 .............................................................................................. 77 ......................................................................................... 77 () ............................................................. 78 ................................................................................................ 81 ............................................................................................. 81 ........................................................................................ 82 ................................................................................................ 82 ............................................................................................ 83 .......................................................................................... 83 3D .............................................................................................. 84 3D ........................................................................................... 85 3D ........................................................................................ 85 (./ .) .................................................. 86 ..................................................................................... 86 ....................................................................................... 87

2.9.10 2.9.11 2.9.12 2.9.13 2.9.14 2.9.15

2.10

........................................................................................ 88 () .......................... 88 () .......................................... 100

2.10.1 2.10.2

2.11

( ) ............................ 104 () ....................................................... 105 ....................................................................... 108 ............................................. 110 () ......................... 110 () ................................................ 112 () ..................................... 114 () ........................... 115

2.11.1 2.11.2 2.11.3 2.11.4 2.11.5 2.11.6 2.11.7

2.12

( ).......................... 117 () ......................................................... 118 () ......................................... 119 .......................................................................... 121 ..................................................... 122

2.12.1 2.12.2 2.12.3 2.12.4


2.12.5 2.12.6 2.12.7

........................................................................ 123 ................................................... 128 ............................................................................ 128

2.13

3D ( 3D ) ....................................... 129 ()................................. 130 (Render) ...................................... 131 () ..................................................................... 132 ( ) ...................................... 134 ........................ 136 2D ( 2D )...................... 137 2D ...................................................................... 138

2.13.1 2.13.2 2.13.3 2.13.4 2.13.5 2.13.6 2.13.7

2.14

2D ( 2D )............................................................................... 139 .................................................................................. 139 .................................................................. 142 ................................................ 145 (Ctrl+W)............................................................................ 146 () ..................................... 147 ............................................................. 147 ...................................................... 148 ............................................. 149

2.14.1 2.14.2 2.14.3 2.14.4 2.14.5 2.14.6 2.14.7 2.14.8

3. ...................................................................................... 153 3.13.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 3.1.6 3.1.7 3.1.8 3.1.9 3.1.10 3.1.11 3.1.12

................................................................................... 153/........................................................................................ 157 ........................................................................................... 163 .............................................................................. 163 ................................................................................................. 173 ........................................................................ 220 ................................................................................ 226 ............................................... 227 ....................................... 232 . ................................................................................... 235 .................................................................................. 238 . ......................................................................................... 241 ............................................................................. 248 ............................................................................................. 251 .............................................................................................. 253 ............................................................................................... 253

3.1.12.1 3.1.12.2 3.1.12.3


3.1.12.4 3.1.12.5 3.1.12.6 3.1.13 3.1.13.1 3.1.13.2

.......................................................................................... 253 .............................................................. 255 . .......................................................................... 255 () .......................................... 264 ......................................................... 266

............................................................................. 258

3.23.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3

........................................................................................ 278 ............................................................. 280 ......................................................... 283 ........................................................................ 292 ..................... 299 .............................................................................. 307 ............................................................................... 312 ............................................................................ 313 . ...................................................................... 314 ........................................................... 315 ............................................................................. 316 ............................................................................ 319 .................................................................................... 332 ........................................................................................ 334 ... 339 ................................................................. 340

3.2.3.1 3.2.4 3.2.5 3.2.6 3.2.7 3.2.8 3.2.9 3.2.10 3.2.11 3.2.12

3.2.12.1 3.2.12.2 3.2.13 3.2.14

.............................................................................. 342 ............................................................................. 343

3.33.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6 3.3.7

................. 347 ............................................................................... 347 ( ...) .............................................................................. 350 ........................ 354 ................................................................................. 356 .................................................................... 363 ............................................................................. 370 ...................................... 376

3.43.4.1

, ................................................................................... 377 ........................................................................... 378 ................................................................................ 382 ................................................................................. 383 .................................................. 384 3.4.1.1 3.4.1.2 3.4.1.3


3.4.1.4 3.4.1.5 3.4.1.6 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.4.4 3.4.5 3.4.6 3.4.6.1 3.4.6.2

........................................................................... 384 ................................................................. 385 ................................................. 387 layer- ............................................................... 387 ......................................................... 388 .................................................................................... 388 .............................................................................. 390 .......................................................................... 393 .................................................................................. 393 .......................................................... 396

3.53.5.1 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.5.4

, ( ) ........................................................ 400 .......................................................................................... 400 ............................................................................... 409 ........................................................................... 424 ................................................................................ 428

3.63.6.1 3.6.2 3.6.3 3.6.4 3.6.5 3.6.6 3.6.7 3.6.8 3.6.9

....................................................... 431 ()................................................ 431 () ................................................. 432 () ................................... 433 ( ) ...... 434 ............................................................................................... 435 AutoCAD-a (DXF )..................................... 437 DXF (DXF )..................................... 440 ............................................................................... 440 ................................................................. 441

3.7

................................................ 441

4. .................................. 442 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.54.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.3

.......................................................................... 442 .......................................... 443 ................................ 446 ............. 447 ...................... 448 ............................................................................... 448 .................................................................................. 451 .................................................................................. 452

4.6

( ) ............................................................. 452Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

4.7

........................................................................ 454

5. ............................................................................. 455 6. .......................................................................... 460 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 ............................................................................................ 460 .......................................... 468 ...................................................................... 469 .......................................................................... 469 ................................................................. 470 () ............................................. 471

7. ................................................................................... 477 7.1 7.2 7.37.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.3.4 7.3.4.1 7.3.4.2 7.3.4.3 7.3.4.4

............................................. 477 .......................................... 481 ............................................................................. 483 I ................................................................................. 484 II ................................................................................ 484 ............................................ 485 ........................................................................... 486 EUROCODE ...................................................................................... 490 ()................................................................... 494 (SIA) ............................................................. 496 .................................................. 500

8. .................................................... 503 8.1 8.28.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3

............................................. 503 ..................................................... 508 SRSS .................................................................... 509 ............................................................................. 511 ............................................................................ 512

8.3 8.4 8.58.5.1 8.5.2 8.5.3 8.5.4

........................................................ 515 ............................................................................... 518 - .................................................................. 519 () ......................................................... 532 () .......................................... 534 .......................................................... 541 ................................................................. 544


8.5.5

........... 547

8.68.6.1 8.6.2 8.6.3 8.6.4 8.6.5

........................................................................... 548 ......................................................................... 549 ................................................................... 557 ........................................................ 560 () ..................... 564 .................. 567

8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11

() ........................................ 568 ............................................................ 570 ................................................................................. 573 ...................................................... 577 ........................................................................................ 581 ............................................................................. 581 ........................................................................... 583

8.11.1 8.11.2

8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21

......................................................................... 585 .............................................................. 593 .......................................................... 594 ..................................................................................... 596 ............ 600 ........................................ 610 () ...... 621 ...................................... 622 ........................................................................... 622 ................................................ 625 ................................................................ 626 ...................................................... 633 ( ) ...................................... 634 ....................................................... 652 ............................................... 655 ............................................... 669 ............................................................... 681 .................................................. 682 ................................................... 685 ........................ 686 ...... 692 .................................................... 693 ...................................................... 694

8.21.1 8.21.2 8.21.3 8.21.4 8.21.5 8.21.6 8.21.7 8.21.8 8.21.9 8.21.10 8.21.11 8.21.12 8.21.13


8.21.14 8.21.15 8.21.16 8.21.17 8.21.18 8.21.19 8.21.20 8.21.21 8.21.22

RTF ..................................................................................... 695 ................................... 696 ........................................... 696 ..................................................................... 696 clipboard ..................................................................... 698 clipboard ............................................... 699 Bitmap AutoCAD .DXF ............................................. 699 *.txt ................. 702 ...................................................... 702

9. ........................................... 704 9.1 9.2 9.39.3.1 9.3.1.1 9.3.1.2 9.3.2 9.3.3 9.3.4 9.3.5 9.3.6 9.3.7 9.3.8 9.3.9 9.3.10 9.3.11

( ) .................. 704 .................................. 706 .............................................................. 713 .................................................................................... 713 - ............................................................. 714 - .............................................................. 717 ...................................................................... 719 .................................... 720 .............................................................................. 732 .. 743 ................................................ 745 ............................................................. 747 ArmCAD .................................................. 751 ....................................................................... 753 ..................................................................... 756 ........................................................ 761

9.49.4.1

............................................................ 774 .................................................................................. 775 - ............................................................. 776 - .............................................................. 782 ...................................................................... 791 .................................... 792 ............................................................................. 794 ............................................................. 820 ArmCAD .................................................. 824 ....................................................................... 828 ..................................................................... 829 9.4.1.1 9.4.1.2

9.4.2 9.4.3 9.4.4 9.4.5 9.4.6 9.4.7 9.4.8


9.4.9

............................................. 830

9.5 9.6

.......................................... 833 ............................................................................... 846

10. .......................................... 850 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 .......................................... 851 .................................................................... 852 ..................................................................... 854 ............................................................................. 857 .................................................................... 860 ........................................................................ 860 ............................................................................................. 862 ................................................................ 864 ...................................... 865

11. ............................ 867 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 ......................................... 868 .................................................................... 872 ............................................................................. 877 .................................................................... 883 ................................................................ 894 ............................................................................................. 896 ................................................................ 897 ..................................... 899


1

1. 1.1

Tower 6 : Windows 2000, Windows XP Windows Vista. . , ( ). 50 . , . . Windows , .. . ( ) .. swap file - .. . , Windows (swap file) . . , , , . , 1 G . . , , . .. , , swap file-. , , Windows- swap file () . swap file-.


2 Windows- 2000 Start Settings => Control Panel.

, System, System Properties.

Advanced, ,


3

Performance options....

, Change....


4

. Set, OK , System. Windows XP Start Setting Control Panel System.

Advanced, ,


5

Settings.

, Change....


6

. Set, OK , System. , Window- 2 . Windows XP 2 3 . Windows XP- . : Start : Programs Accessories Command Prompt.

: bootcfg /copy /d "Windows XP - 3GB" /id 1 1, Windows XP - 3GB. : bootcfg /raw /3gb /id 2 Windows XP - 3GB 3 . bootcfg , :


7 Boot Loader Settings -------------------timeout: 30 default: multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT Boot Entries -----------Boot entry ID: 1 Friendly Name: "Microsoft Windows XP Professional" Path: multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT OS Load Options: /fastdetect Boot entry ID: 2 Friendly Name: "Windows XP - 3GB" Path: multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT OS Load Options: /3gb Windows , command prompt-a : Exit (boot) Windows- . Windows XP - 3GB Tower 3 . . Help WindosXP. Windows . , , 16- 32- . , .

Start Settings Control Panel.


8

Display, Display Properties.

Settings .


9

, Colors High Color (16 bit) True Color (32 bit). , Windows .

1.2

- (hardlock). , (, , ), . - . - , , . . , Power User Administrator Windows 2000, Windows Vista . , .


10 : Windows- USB , USB Tower- . , -, , Windows-. USB . Tower, USB .

1.2.1

- \Tower6\Setup.exe, , , . , :

, . , (LPT), USB . ,

LPT USB , , USB ( ).


11

USB , OK, . , . .

, , OK.


12

Next.

. . .. Next, .


13

. , Next.

edit box- , . , . (. 8.21.3). edit box- , . Next.


14

. , edit box- edit box-, . Next. ,

, : Tower.$dis Tower.$vis Tower.$mtr Tower.$prf Tower.$dim01 , ,

. .


15 Tower.$sk Tower.$vet Tower.$po Tower.$ks Tower.$har Tower.$gig Tower.$mtz Tower.$net Tower.$pec Tower.$pl Tower.$ppz Tower.$tb Tower.$utl Tower.$bmd Tower.$acc :

EUROCODE EUROCODE .

C:\Documents and Settings\ \Application Data\Radimpex\Tower6. , , , . , , .


16

. , . . . , , . . .

, .


17

Next, .. . .

, . hardlock , .

hardlock , , Next . , .


18

Back, .

1.2.2

, : TCP/IP, NETBIOS IPX. . , , , , . , () HASP License Manager, hardlock-. hardlock- , . hardlock- . Windows , . , , hardlock HASP License Manager. , , Registry , , - , - \Tower6\Setup.exe, (. 1.2.1). USB hardlock- . , , .


19

HASP . HASP License Manager-a , HASP License Manager. - \Hasp\LMSETUP.EXE.

Next, :


20

- Application (nhsrvw32.exe) HASP License Manager Windows-. - Service (nhsrvice.exe) Windows-. HASP License Manager

HASP License Manager-a Windows- Application (nhsrvw32.exe) Next, ( ) HASP License Manager-a.

Next, Startup Folder Windows- ( Login-a). , HASP License Manager : Start Programs HASP License Manager HASP License Manager.


21

Next, HASP License Manager-a. HASP License Manager-a Windows- HASP License Manager-a () Login . .. . HASP License Manager- HASP License Manager Taskbar-:

HASP License Manager HASP License Manager-a.

Exit, HASP License Manager-a . , hardlock- .


22 , , , . , , , Setup.exe. , -, , . , , C:\ Tower 6 Server \.

, Next.

. , . , . , , Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

23 . , , . , . , . , . . , Next.

, , Next.

, , Next, . , .


24

, .

1.3

-

, Start Settings Control Panel.

, Add/Remove Programs, .


25

, Tower6, Change/Remove. , Tower6 Server, , : Tower6 Client. , .

Yes, - - .

OK, Tower6 , Windows .


26

1.4

hardlock- LPT .. USB . Start : Programs Radimpex Tower6. : Programs Radimpex Tower6 Client. , , Tower.

1.5

Tower . , , . : . .

: . . . , , . , . , . .


27 3D . : Z . . : , . . , .


28

2. 2.1 .. , : ,

, . . () .

. . , . : . , .


29 . . I- II- . . . - : Copyright Radimpex . - . , , . - . () . : 3D 3D c 3D 2D 2D -

3D .. Z . , , , . F4 .

F4


30 . F4

, , .

- .

2.2

, , . . .. . .

2D .


31

2D .

. Window: 2D , 3D , , . , 3D


32

3D , . , , . , , .

. , , default . .. .


33

2.3

3D . 3D , , . , 2D . - .

, [Z=0,00], , Y , 2D .

2D


34 2D . , 2D .

2D 2D 2D , , 2D .

[0.00] 2D Z=0.00. , 2D ( ), , .


35 OSNAP ( 2.5.4).

2D , , , 2D , , , (. 2.14).

2.4

. - , .


36

. , , . , -

, .


37

2.4.1

. ENTER . . Esc, . ENTER, .. .

2.4.2

(), . - . - , . , / . . (/.////): , . , () , . , , ( /). ( ) , , Enter, .. . . - , Esc, .

2.4.3

. . , . : - (. , . , . , . ., . ), - (, ), - (. ), - , - (Osnap).


38 - 2D 3D , - .

2.4.4

. , , , . . (Edit box-) (List box-) (Check box-) (Radio button-)

.. . . : . , , . (Edit box-) . . Edit box- , . Edit box- .

edit box-


39 , Edit box , Edit box-, , , .

Edit box- , .. . edit box-, , . (List box-) - . . , .


40

List box

List box , , ( ) . .. . .. . .


41 List box-, .. .

.. . Edit-box-. - Edit box-. . . . (Check box-) , .. . Check box- . , .. . , , a , .


42

check box check box-. .. .

(Radio button-i) , . - .


43

, ( ) , , . - , , . , .


44 , , +, .

+, , + -. +. , , , , .

, -, , +. ..


45 , . , , .

11


46 , , scroll .

scroll . , .

- , . Ctrl (. 2.7).


47

2.5

, .. . , , . : , OSNAP . , OSNAP , , , . , , . 2D , , - , . . 3D , . , , , 3D .


48

3D 3D , OSNAP . , . , .

3D , , , (X,Y,Z). 3D , .

OSNAP 3D (. 2.13.5). , , ( 3D ), OSNAP .


49

, Y ( ) 3D 2D , . , , 2D . , , , , . , , 2D 3D , . , , , . 2D , - - . , .. , , .. . 2D , X Y , Z .


50 2D . 2D . X Y , Z . , 2D .

2.5.1

. 2D , . , . , , .

2.5.2

2D , . , . , . . :

radio button . ,


51 .

. 45 : 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270 315. , , .

33 50 , . 2D .


52 , . .

, . . , , . , F8.

2.5.3

2D . .Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

53 , .

2.5.4

. , , , , - . ( ) ( ). , .

2D X ..Y , .


54 . , .. , : . :_ , . , , : , , OSNAP-. , . : , , . ( 0,0,0). X, Y Z se . , (0,0) 2D , X-. , 2D . , , ( / / / / / / / ): , , 2D , . . .

, , . , check box , , , , , . , , . edit box d= , . , . , : - , , .

- , . , - . , , 45. , . - , .Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

828

- , . , .. . , , - . - , ArmCAD (). - , , . ArmCAD 2000. , (. 3.5.2), ArmCAD 2005, d=. . 3 .

.

9.4.7

. , , . - ( / / / / / / / ): , . , .


829

- , . , . , .

9.4.8

, , , . , , , . (/): .. . (): . , , .


830 box- , 3. , , 3 2. , .

T=, , .. .

9.4.9

, , . ( / / / ): . , . , .


831

-a , .

T= , , . , . . ( / / / / ): , .


832

-a , . , . , , .

a=0.15 mm


833

9.5

, . , , . , , . , , .. , . . , ( / / / ): - . :

1 2 .


834

, .. : Nx, Ny Nxy, , , , , , , - . , , (b/d) (Ab).

[ , , , (Aa1 Aa2), , Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

835 (Aa). (Aa), . , edit box- a1=, a2= a3=, , .

Edti box- , (M, T, N) .


836 M N, - T. M N , , , T Nns. ( ). - >0 N>0, >0 N 1.00, < 1.00. , : - (): , .


861

, () . . scroll , PgUp, PgDn, , , . , , . , , . , . , . , . , ( , .) , . , , , . , . , , Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

862 , . . . . , , . , , , , . , , . , . . . , . . . , , , , , .

10.7

, . , . - ( / / / / / / ): . , .


863

, , .

, . , , Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

864 . , ,

, , .

10.8

. : , (): , , : : , :


865

10.9

. . (- EUROCODE).


866 , , , , . () .

- , , C1, C2, C3 M.LT. . : (): . , . . . . .


867

11. : , , , , . . , : , .

: : , . , . , : , .


868

11.1

, . , : , box .

box-a , dialog -a. edit box- , . ( ), , . , box , . EUROCODE EUROCODE . , DIN.

:


869

, . -. - ). , . ( , . . . .

, . check box , 1.


870

check box , , . . , , . . , , :

. . , , . , , .


871

, . radio button : , . , , , , . . . . . , . - , .

. , . , . , , . , :


872

.

11.2

DIN , box .

-a list box- , . N , , Ko Kd. Ko Kd . Ko . Ko = 1.00 Ko = 1.15 + Ko = 1.50 + + Kd Kd = 1.00 Kd = 0.90 3


873 - , , . - ( Ko Kd), , 0. Tower . , .

:


874 , , , . EUROCODE :

EUROCODE list box , . N . . . : . , . , .


875

m, ( ). . , , , , .


876

, . list box , . N , , . . , . - check box, . check box. . Kmod, ( ). , . :


877

, , ( ). . ., . , , .

11.3DIN

. , : ( / / / / / / ): , , .


878

-a - ( , , ), . . ( ) , edit box- 3 2, 3, .. 2 . 1, . , , . , , , .. . , -. / ( ) t .( ) combo box- , .: - ( Lk) . Lk = 120 - ( Lk) . Lk = 150 - . Lk = 175


879 ( ) . combo box- : : - - : - - : - I - II - III ( , ) .. , , . 18% 15%. 18% .. 15% , Kf. () 0.85 1.00 . - - - -

, , , ,

0.85

0.90

0.90

1.00

0.90

0.95

0.95

1.00

1.00


880 : ( ), . ( ): . , , , K 1.00 2.50 3.00 3.00 4.50

K . ( ) , ( )

(I ) : - , - , - . , (I ) , K. , 130a R1 < 150 a ( ), , , 150a R1 < 200 a, . . .


881 . . , , , . : , , : Ko - , Kd - , Ki - , Kf - , K - K . EUROCODE , . : ( / / / / / / ): . , .

, ,


882 (. ). radio button : -

, . , , . - . :

[]. 3- : 1 20 60% 2 - 20 85% 3 2

. , . 3 . 2, 3, 2 . 1, .


883 . , , , , . , , . / . . . 1. . , 2, . . . . check box.

11.4

, , - ( / / / / / /): . , .

, .


884 . , , . - DIN : : ,

m3

=

M3 ' W3 m

dop

,

'

m2

=

M2 ' W2 m

dop

t n

=

Z ' t dop .. Aneto

c n

=

N ' c dop A

:

m

= 1 .5

Q A

m dop

,

t

=

Mt ' ; W p dop

:

m3 + m2 c n + ' 1 .00 ' m dop c dop m3 + m 2 t n + ' 1.00 ' m dop t dop :

m3

+ m 2 m dop'

: ' m + t dop , ( ) : : Z M M ' ' ' m3 = k m W33 m dop , m2 = W22 m dop t n = k n Aneto t dop .. : N = Z .. n k n A . M3 , m3 = k m W3 n = k n AnetoN ' c dop ; A

c n

=kn

, , : :

m3

=

M3 ' W3 m

dop

,

m2

=

M2 ' W2 m

dop

t n

=

Z ' t dop .. AnetoN; A

c n

=

N ' c dop ; A

: Z M m3 = k m W33 , n = k n Aneto ..

n

= k n


885 :

=km m3

M3 , W3

n

=

k

n

Z A neto

..

n

=kn

N; A

: < 0 1 > 0 1 c + dop c 1 2

1

1 + 2.66 dop 2

2

1 dop

2

2 t 1 1 + + 1.25 dop t dop 1.33 1

1 dop

2

: - , - 4.0 , ( ), - K ( ), - =R/h 2 10 , > 10, ( ). , !!!!. , : - , > max ( ), - =R/h 2 ( 0) , :

t , 0 ,df t , 0 ,d

+ km

m , 3, df m , 3, d

+

m , 2 ,df m , 2 ,d

t 1 + 100


887

t , 0 ,df t , 0,d: t km

+

m , 3, df m , 3, d

+ km

m , 2 ,df m , 2 ,d

t 1 + 100

fm,3,d , fm,2,d , ft,0,d m,3,d , m,2,d t,0,d

- % - km = 0.70, km = 1.00 - , fm,d ( fm,d ) - (M/W), JUS ( ) - (N/Aneto)

c)

3 =

L3 i3

2 =

L2 i2

L3 L2 - , i3 i2 -

c ,crit ,3rel .3 =

2 E0,05 = 2 3f c , 0 ,k

c ,crit , 2rel .2 =

2 E0, 05 = 2 2f c , 0 ,k

c ,crit ,3

c ,crit , 2

rel,3 0.3 rel,2 0.3, :

c , 0 ,d f c , 0 ,d c , 0 ,d f c , 0 ,d

+ k m m , 3 , d + m , 2 , d 1 + t f m , 3, d f m , 2,d 100 m , 3, d t + + k m m , 2 , d 1 + f m , 3, d f m , 2,d 100 2

2

:

c , 0 ,dk c , 2 f c , 0 ,d

+ km +

m , 3, df m , 3, d

+

m , 2 ,df m , 2 ,d

t 1 + 100 t 1 + 100

c , 0 ,dk c , 3 f c , 0 ,d

m , 3, df m , 3, d

+ km

m , 2 ,df m , 2 ,d


888

:

k c ,3 =

12 k 3 + k 3 2 , 3 rel

k c,2 =

12 k 2 + k 2 2 , 2 rel

k 3 = 0.5 1 + c (rel .3 0.3) + 2 .3 relc

[

]

k 2 = 0.5 1 + c ( rel .2 0.3) + 2 .2 rel

[

]

- ( c = 0.20, - c = 0.10) d)

2 ,d

= 1.5

Q2 Aneto

3, d

= 1.5

Q3 Aneto

:

2,d + 3,d 1 + tol2 2

f v ,d

: Q3 Q2 Aneto - - ( )

e) :

tor , 3, d

=

Mt Wp3

tor , 2 , d

=

Mt Wp 2

:

tor , 3, d

fv, dtor , 2 , d

1 + tol

fv,d

1 + tol

:


889

2,d + tor,3,d 1 + tol f v, d

3,d + tor , 2,d 1 + tol f v ,d f) , :

f m, , d =

f m, d f f m, d 1+ tan + m, d tan 2 f 1.50 f v, d c,90, d 2 2

f m , , d =

f m, d f m, d f m, d 1+ tan + tan 2 0.75 f f v, d t ,90, d 2 2

, - .

uticaji od pritiskuju e + k m m ,3, 0,d + m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m ,d f m , 2,d

uticaji od pritiskuju e m ,3, 0,d + + k m m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m ,d f m , 2,d

uticaji od pritiskuju e + k m m ,3, ,d + m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m , ,d f m , 2,d

m , 2,d uticaji od pritiskuju e m ,3, , d + + km (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m , , d f m, 2,dCopyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

890

g)

uticaji od pritiskujue + k m m ,3,d + m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m ,d k r f m , 2 ,di

uticaji od pritiskujue m ,3,d + + k m m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m ,d k r f m , 2 ,d

3 ( ) :

m , 3, d = k lk1 = 1;

M3 W3;

k 2 = 0.35

k 3 = 0 .62

;

k4 = 03 2

h h h h h kl = k1 + k 2 + k3 + k 4 = 1 + 0.35 + 0.6 r r r r r

kr - :

rin 240 kr = 1 t rin r < 240 kr = 0.76 + 0.001 in t t

, :

t ,3,90,dV k dis 0 V 0 .2

1 + tol f t ,90,d

kdis - 1.4

t ,3,90,d = k p

M3 W3


891 V0 - 0.01 V - , V=2/3 Vb Vb - ( )

k 6 = 0.25

h h k p = k6 = 0.25 r rh) :

uticaji od pritiskujue + k m m ,3,0,d + m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m ,d k r f m , 2 ,d

uticaji od pritiskujue m ,3, 0,d + + k m m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m ,d k r f m , 2 ,d uticaji od pritiskujue + k m m ,3, ,d + m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m , ,d k r f m , 2 ,d

uticaji od pritiskujue m ,3, ,d + + k m m , 2,d (1 + tol ) ili zateua sile f m , ,d k r f m , 2 ,d

( ) :

m,3, 0, d = kl (1 + 4tg 2 )

6M 3 bh 2

m,3, , d = kl (1 + 4tg 2 )

5M 3 bh 2

-

kr - .Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

892

rin 240 kr = 1 t rin r < 240 kr = 0.76 + 0.001 in t t

, :

f m, ,d =

f m,d f m,d f c ,90,d sin 2 + cos 2

f m , ,d =

f m ,d f m,d sin 2 + cos 2 f t ,90,d

kl :

h h h kl = k1 + k2 + k3 + k4 r r r 2 k1 = 1 + 1.4tg + 5.4tg k 2 = 0.35 8tg

2

3

k 3 = 0.6 + 8.3tg 7.8tg 2k 4 = 6tg 2 , :

t ,3,90,dV k dis 0 V 0 .2

1 + tol f t ,90,d

kdis - 1.4 V0 - 0.01 V - , V=2/3 Vb


893 Vb - ( )

t ,3,90,d = k p

M3 W32

h h k p = k5 + k 6 + k 7 r r k5 = 0.2tg

k6 = 0.25 1.5tg + 2.6tg 2k7 = 2.1tg 4tg 2i)

. :

m , 3, dkkrit f m, d

1 + tol

:

rel ,m =

f m ,k

m ,crit

:

m ,crit =

M 3,crit E0, 05 I 2G0, 05 I tor = W3 ef W3

rel,m kkrit E0,05 G0,05 Itor rel,m 0.75 0.75 < rel,m 1.40 1.40 < rel,m kkrit = 1 kkrit = 1.56 - 0.75 rel,m kkrit = 1/rel,m2

ef

- 5% E - 5% - - 2


894

11.5

, , , .. . , , . , , 1.00, > 1.00, < 1.00. , > 1.00, , , . , : - (/ .. ): . ,

-a -a , , , (), . -a . scroll , PgUp, PgDn, , , . , Copyright (c) Radimpex * http://www.radimpex.rs * e-mail: [email protected] * Tel. 011 3809-158

895 , , . , , - . . , . , , , , , -, , . , , , . , , , , , . , , , . . , - . , , , . , , , , , . , . , . , , . . . , . . . , , , , . ..., , ,


896 , , , .

... ( ) : DIN.

11.6

, . , , . - (//////): . , .


897

-a , , . , . , .

11.7

, , , , , . - , . , . , (): , , . : -a, .


898

-a


899

11.8

. .

, , , , . . , , . 2 . () . . : ():


900 . , . . . . .
