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Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps

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Page 1: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Topographic MapsReading Contour Maps

Page 2: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map
Page 3: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map
Page 4: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map
Page 5: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Topographic maps show the shape of the landBy the shape of the contour lines on the map

Page 6: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

How do you read this map?

Page 7: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Rules for Reading a Topo Map:circles=hills or mountains

close lines=steep slope (cliff=escarpment)

far apart lines=flat or gentle slope

stream flow=contour lines bend upstream (rule of v’s)

The higher the elevation, the smaller the circle in a series of closed contour lines

Lets practice reading one…

Page 8: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

The highest and lowest point

The highest point or elevation on a contour map is equal to the highest possible elevation -1 (without going to the next contour line)

The lowest point or maximum depth is found in a depression. This is indicated by hachured contour lines. This is equal to the depth of the depression -1. The minimum depth will always be the value of the depression -1.

Page 9: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Profiles and gradient

A profile is a cross sectional view of the land or a side view. We can easily create a profile.

The gradient of the land refers to the steepness of the land. The formula is on page 1 of the ESRT.

Page 10: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Other important features:• Magnetic Declination: is given at the

bottom of the map usually.

• Magnetic declination, sometimes called magnetic variation, is the angle between magnetic north and true north.

• Magnetic declination changes over time and with location.

• http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/geomag-web/#declination

Page 11: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Magnetic Declination

Page 12: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Map Scale

1 inch=2,000ft

Page 13: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Finding Gradient

• Use formula: Gradient = change in Field Value/Distance

• Unit: for exampe… field value unit/meter or field value/mile

• Lets try a problem

Page 14: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map
Page 15: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map
Page 16: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map

Creating a Profile

• Sum Up

• 1. Mark Contour Lines

• 2. Line up Paper and Mark contours lines, label with elevation

• 3. Line up scrap paper with grid. Move paper up and down to plot points.

• 4. Connect points with a smooth line/curve as directed


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