topic 7: volcano, disasters and early warning in the cordillera central

Topic 7:Volcano, disasters and early warning

in the Cordillera Central

J.L. Ceballos

Volcano, disasters & early warning

Nevado del Huila volcano

Worni, 2008

Volcano, disasters & early warning: Huila

• No previous historic activity• 2 phreatic eruptions in February 2007 and April 2007• Crevasse formation and expulsion of large amounts of water (107 m3)• Ash fall, subaerial melting of ice

QuickBird, Feb. ‘07


• Failure of glacier tongue on El Oso glacier, possibly by melt water input and subsequent destabilization of the glacier base


• Two massive lahars: April 2007 and November 2008: several 100 million m3 !!• Affected areas: along Río Páez (150 km !)

18 April 2007


20 November 2008


Risk

Vulnerability

Hazard

Risk R = f (H, V)

Volcano, disasters & early warning: Ruíz

Volcaón Cerro Machín

Volcano, disasters & early warning: Machín

Ingeominas

Volcano, disasters & early warning: Machín

Hazard map Machín volcano

IbaguéCajamarca

Cerro Machín

Ingeominas


Nevado del Ruíz volcano

Huggel et al. 2007


Views on Nevado del Ruíz volcano

Ramírez/Ceballos


Active lahar channels


Nevado del Ruíz volcano

R. Janda, USGS

The Armero 1985 disaster - ~23,000 people killed


The Armero disaster - then

…and now

Volcano, disasters & early warning: Combeima

Nevado del Tolima volcano / Combeima valley


The Combeima valley –a tropical, steep-terrain region

...with an ice-capped active volcano at the valley head


Lahar (debris flow) scenarios for the Combeima valley in Colombia

Nevado del Tolima Volcano

M. Künzler, 2008


Frequent landslide strike this valley...

June 2006 July 2009Cruz Roja


Destroyed school – a hot topic

Very high discharge debris flows

Cruz Roja


Hazard, vulnerability and risk study

M. Künzler, 2008


Total vulnerability

M. Künzler, 2008


Resulting risk for Ibagué

M. Künzler, 2008


Risk for local communities

M. Künzler, 2008


Livelihood conditions in landslide prone regions of Combeima


Livelihood conditions in flood endangered areas of Ibagué


Military controls

Preparedness courses with communities


Guiding questions for group work:

• Where are the hotspots of volcano hazards in Colombia and what are possible consequences of these hazards?

• Are these hazards changing with ongoing impacts from climate change?

• How is Colombia responding to these hazards? (Government institutions, NGO’s, communities)

topic 7: volcano, disasters and early warning in the cordillera central

Documents