HIMANSHU GUPTA(Amity University Noida M.TECH (I&PE))

TOP 10 INVENTIONS OF THE DECADE

An invention is a unique or novel device, method, composition or process. In other words, something that has never been made before, or the process of creating

something that has never been made before: Invention comes with the need of mankind.  The world of invention is never static:

Expectations and capabilities evolve with every step forward, and each new generation boasts its own set of innovative thinkers.

An invention that achieves a completely unique function or result is a radical breakthrough which is a term used by scientist.

Invention is often a creative process which allows an inventor to see beyond what is known.

Here are 10 significant inventions of the decade that are very useful for the human race.

INTRODUCTION

Introduction i-LIMB – the bionic handBigdog-The terrain robotGPSWireless electricityBladeless windmillHover board scooterRoadable aircraftReaper dronesGi-FiNFC

SYNOPSIS

The world’s first commercially available prosthetic hand,invented by David Gow, created by Touch Bionics, was both multi-articulating and capable of power grip.

Each finger is capable of its own movement and also holds larger objects. The i-limb hand is controlled through the use of myoelectric

signals,which uses the muscle signals.This year, a new prototype restores patients' sense of touch by attaching

itself to the body’s nervous system.

i-LIMB-the bionic hand

Continue...Approximately 185,000 amputations occur in the United States each year.

Boston Dynamics calls BigDog, “the most advanced rough-terrain robot on earth.”

Released in 2005, BigDog was designed using funding from the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA, and was created to serve as a “pack mule” for a solider in the battle field.

The robot is about the size of a large dog and can carry a load of up to 340 pounds (150 kg) at 4 miles/hr while climbing over rough terrain and steep inclines.

BigDog’s ability to recover from a kick, and walking on icy surfaces is simply amazing.

BIG DOG – The Terrain Robot

Its design absorbs shock, and recycles energy from one step to the next. It also has an onboard LIDAR and stereo vision system for navigation.

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The Global Positioning System (GPS), also known as Navstar.

It is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that

provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

The GPS system provides critical positioning capabilities to military, civil, and commercial users around the world.

GPS

The GPS project was launched in the United States in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems.

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As the word wireless means ‘without wire’ , One of the best invention of 2014 is the Wireless electricity or WiTricity , based in Watertown, Mass .

Its technology—involving a plug-in coil that creates a magnetic field, which in turn powers objects as far away as 8 ft. (2.4 m)—has been tested on Toyota electric cars (with charging mats), Intel PCs (with charging pads) and more.

WIRELESS ELECTRICITY

Within 10 years, says CEO Alex Gruzen, rooms could be wired so that all appliances—lamps, TVs, stereos—pull power from a central charging base.

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David Yáñez, one of the company’s cofounders, first came across the concept as a student studying the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in Washington.

Spanish startup Vortex Bladeless has developed turbines.When wind passes one of the cylindrical turbines, it shears off the downwind side of the cylinder in a spinning whirlpool or vortex. That vortex then exerts force on the cylinder, causing it to vibrate.

The kinetic energy of the oscillating cylinder is converted to electricity through a linear generator similar to those used to harness wave energy

BLADELESS WINDMILL

Yáñez says it will generate electricity for 40 percent less than the cost of power from conventional wind turbines.

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A self-balancing scooter or self-balancing two-wheeled board commonly referred to as a "hoverboard", is a type of portable, rechargeable battery-powered scooter. They typically consist of two wheels arranged side-by-side, with two small platforms between the wheels, on which the rider stands. The device is controlled by the rider's feet, standing on the built-in gyroscopic, sensored pads.

In 2014, several such devices appeared in China, and by 2015, they became widely popular in the United States, following numerous celebrity appearances with the device. There is no universally accepted name for the device, as its various product names are attributable to the companies which distribute them and not their manufacturers.

HOVER BOARD SCOOTER

 Once someone hops on, the device uses a pair of electric gyroscopes (one under each pad) to balance automatically, allowing users to speed forward, backward and around by slightly shifting their body weight.

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A Plane that can drive. In 2009, the Terrafugia team successfully flew the Transition over

Plattsburgh, New York.Terrafugia is a small privately held American corporation.Terrafugia was founded by graduates of the Department of Aeronautics

and Astronautics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and graduates of the MIT Sloan School of Management.

ROADABLE AIRCRAFT

Speed in air (316km/hr)Speed on road (180km/hr)

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M19 Reaper drone (US carries out military operations.It is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).Reaper drone has been used in surveillance operations and strikes against

militants.The drones are capable of reading a license plate from over two miles away

while at an altitude of 52,000 feet.It is capable of remote controlled or autonomous

flight operations, developed by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems (GA-ASI) primarily for the United States Air Force (USAF).

REAPER DRONE

Gi-Fi or Gigabit Wireless is the world's first transceiver integrated on a single chip that operates at 60GHz on the CMOS process.

Gi-Fi allows wireless transfer of audio and video data up to 5 gigabits per second.

Gi-Fi wireless usually within a range of 10 meters.The reason for pushing into Gi-Fi technology is because of

high power consumption,Slow ratelow range of frequency operation i.e. bluetooth and wi-fi.

GI-FI

NFC stands for “Near Field Communication” and, as the name implies, it enables short range communication between compatible devices.

This requires at least one transmitting device, and another to receive the signal.

The technology used in NFC is based on older RFID (Radio-frequency identification) ideas, which uses electromagnetic induction in order to transmit information.

Drawback of NFC is that it is quite a bit slower than Bluetooth , transmitting data at a maximum speed of just 424 kbit/s, compared with 2.1 Mbit/s with Bluetooth 2.1

NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATION

 But NFC does have one advantage when it comes to speed, faster connectivity.

 It takes less than one tenth of a second to establish a connection between two devices

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