tony maas, wwf-canada - water & risk
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© G
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Tony MaasFreshwater Director, WWF [email protected]
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Water Footprints Across North America
Canadian Water Summit
Shared physical water
2Source: http://www.transboundarywaters.orst.edu/publications/register/images/northamerica.gif
3
Key water-related challenges:
Introduction
Key concepts
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Virtual water – Total volume of water used to produce a commodity at all points along the production chain
Water footprint – Volume of water used to produce the goods and services consumed by inhabitants of a country.
Includes two components:
Internal water footprint – virtual water of content of all goods and services produced and consumed within a country.
External water footprint – virtual water content of all imported goods and services consumed within a country.
International water footprint work
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Water footprint of the average…
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www.pm.gc.ca/eng/pm.asp?featureId=7&pageId=27
www.whitehouse.gov/administration/president-obama/
www.presidencia.gob.mx/oficina-de-la-presidencia/presidente/
6400 L / day
7800 L / day
5400 L / day
Water footprint within and beyond borders
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Internal sufficiency
External dependency
External footprint
Canada 79.3% 21.7%
United StatesChinaIndia
United States 79.8% 20.2%
CanadaChina
Mexico
Mexico 57.5% 42.5%
United StatesCanadaChina
15,000
27,500
5,000
71,000
18,000
500
(Virtual) drops across North America
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Global drivers to local impacts
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South Saskatchewan River
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Shared water risks
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Shared Risk
Corporate• Physical• Reputation• Regulation
Economic value
Government• Phy/bio-physical• Social / economic• Institutional
Political
WWF• Bio-physical• People• Governance
Ecosystem health
Policy considerations
Water allocation and management policy– Reform water policy to ensure both needs for economic
development and water to sustain ecosystem health are satisfied.
Trade agreements– How have / do existing trade agreements (e.g. NAFTA) influenced
virtual water trade and the related watershed impacts?
– How future trade agreements be designed to include virtual water considerations?
Subsidies– How are government subsidies – for agriculture and for other
sectors – influencing virtual water trade and can / should they be reformed to reduce impacts on ecosystem health?
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Water stewardship and the private sector
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Time
Water awareness
Knowledge of Impact
Stakeholder engagement
Influence governance
Leve
l of w
ater
shed
sus
tain
abili
ty
Internal action
• Engagement in public policy• Shared implementation of strategies to improve
water management at the basin scale
• Companies, governments and NGO’s engaging in multi-stakeholder platforms to asses issues and develop response strategies
• Companies take action to optimize internal water use while measuring and publicly reporting water quantity and quality
• Detailed understanding of the impact companies and their suppliers have on water resources and river basins
• High level understanding of global water challenges, dependence on fresh water and exposure to water related risks
wwf.ca
Thank you
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15,175Oil cropsCerealsBovine
27,556BovineOil cropsCereals
5,298Oil cropsCerealsBovine
71,063Oil cropsCerealsBovine
18,167Oil cropsStimulantsBovine
513StimulantsOil cropsFruits
Breaking down Canada’s water footprint
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Internal41,549
Internal2,463
Internal13,162
External7,875
External2,280
External4,746
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Green Blue Grey
Wat
er fo
otpr
int o
f con
sum
ption
Mm
3 /yr
AgriculturalInternal
16%
Agricultural External
39%
IndustrialInternal
17%
IndustrialExternal
9%
Household water use
19%
Blue AgriculturalInternal
30%
Agricultural External
5%
IndustrialInternal
24%
IndustrialExternal
21%
Household water use
20%
Grey
AgriculturalInternal
84%
Agricultural External
16%
Green
18
Brazil413
India812
USA7896
China899 Australia
444
Mexico281
Indonesia217New Zealand
177
Colombia203
Others3560
External Water Footprint of Canada14901 Mm3/yr
India744
China1096
USA67909
Canada5237
Brazil 781
Korea R653
Spain606
Australia495
Argentina602
Others5819
External Water Footprint of Mexico83944 Mm3/yr
Phillippines5911
Mexico13003
Canada25712
China15666 India
9829
Brazil5472
Australia4472
Hondurus3472
Thailand3417
Others71512
Total External Water Footprint of USA166292 Mm3/yr
Canada’s external water footprint
19
Brazil413
India812
USA7896
China899 Australia
444
Mexico281
Indonesia217New Zealand
177
Colombia203
Others3560
External Water Footprint of Canada14901 Mm3/yr
Breaking down Canada’s water footprint
20
Internal41,549
Internal2,463
Internal13,162
External7,875
External2,280
External4,746
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Green Blue Grey
Wat
er fo
otpr
int o
f con
sum
ption
Mm
3 /yr
AgriculturalInternal
16%
Agricultural External
39%
IndustrialInternal
17%
IndustrialExternal
9%
Household water use
19%
Blue AgriculturalInternal
30%
Agricultural External
5%
IndustrialInternal
24%
IndustrialExternal
21%
Household water use
20%
Grey
AgriculturalInternal
84%
Agricultural External
16%
Green