Time for a poem How to study (and enjoy) poetry emotions recalled in tranquillity William Wordsworth ( ) feel mood Poetry can affect us if we let it. TIME FOR A POEM respond A good poem makes us... Think Imagine Feel How does the poet achieve these effects? Take a step back What is she thinking? Who is she looking at? How does she feel? How old is she? Is she friendly? Do I like her hair? Do I want to talk to her? Do I want to look like her? Oils or watercolours? Brushes and knives? Textures Tones Use of light Position Perspective Foreground / background Art of painting Art of writing What is it like to live in Jordan College? Does Lyra feel lonely? Does she love her uncle? Is Mrs Coulter really evil? What is it like to have a daemon? Plot Pace Characterisation Use of imagery Setting Themes Symbolism Messages and morals Make-believe Critical analysis Craft Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Imagery Literal description Figurative description: Simile Metaphor Personification Allegory Imagery Literal description: The trees bent in the wind. Figurative description: The great giants arched their backs as the wind roared. Imagery Random Imagery Literally Imagery Henry and his stick stick: a thin piece of wood, fallen from a tree; - begins with the letter pattern st - rhymes with brick not to be mistaken for a sword poets like potential meanings Imagery Workshop 1 In my mind I can see, the object in my hand could be... keep your mind open to metaphors! TIME For a Poem Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Sound Alliteration Assonance Onomatopoeia Letter sounds (hard/soft consonants) Sound Alliteration: (repetition of letter sounds usually at the beginning of words) Strolling over soft, satin sand. Sound Assonance: (repetition of vowel sounds) The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain. Sound Onomatopoeia: (a word that sounds like the thing it is describing) Splash, pop, bang, tinkle. Sound Letter sounds: (the use of hard or soft consonants to create dramatic effects) Ripples of water wash slowly over satin sand. Sound Letter sounds: (the use of hard or soft consonants to create dramatic effects) The battered, castle keep of granite rises to the darkening sky. Sound Workshop 2 Alliteration Assonance Onomatopoeia Time for a poem Time for a poem.. Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Rhyme Rhyming couplets a,a,b,b Alternate lines a,b,a,b Blank verse unrhymed iambic pentameter (see rhythm section) Free verse Rhyme Workshop 3 Rhyming schemes Rhyme From Baby Song by Thom Gunn From the private ease of Mothers womb I fall into the lighted room. Why dont they simply put me back Where it is warm and wet and black? But one thing follows on another. Things were different inside Mother. Rhyme From Baby Song by Thom Gunn From the private ease of Mothers womb a I fall into the lighted room. a Why dont they simply put me back b Where it is warm and wet and black? b But one thing follows on another. c Things were different inside Mother. c Rhyme from Magpies by Judith Wright Along the road the magpies walk with hands in pockets, left and right. They tilt their heads, and stroll and talk. In their well-fitted black and white. Rhyme from Magpies by Judith Wright Along the road the magpies walk a with hands in pockets, left and right. b They tilt their heads, and stroll and talk. a In their well-fitted black and white. b Rhyme from Bags of Meat by Thomas Hardy Heres a fine bag of meat, Says the master-auctioneer, As the timid, quivering steer, Starting a couple of feet At the prod of a drovers stick, And trotting lightly and quick, A ticket stuck on his rump, Enters with a bewildered jump. Rhyme from Bags of Meat by Thomas Hardy Heres a fine bag of meat,a Says the master-auctioneer,b As the timid, quivering steer,b Starting a couple of feeta At the prod of a drovers stick,c And trotting lightly and quick,c A ticket stuck on his rump,d Enters with a bewildered jump. d Rhyme Effects of rhyme? Effects of no rhyme? Time for a poem Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood rhythm Rhythm homework machine support result reading achievement Rhythm Each English word is given its own weight and push as we speak it within a sentence. Stephen Fry Rhythm Each English word is given its own weight and push as we speak it within a sentence. Stephen Fry The life of a poem is measured in regular heartbeats. The name for those heartbeats is metre. Stephen Fry Metre a pattern of syllables and stresses set out in repeated arrangements called feet. Rhythm syllables metre (or metric structure) measured in feet 2 or more syllables blank verse (iambic pentameter (5 feet: 10 syllables, 5 stresses de-dum, de-dum, de-dum, de-dum, de-dum) Rhythm The number of metrical feet in a line are described as follows: Dimeter two feet Trimeter three feet Tetrameter four feet Pentameter five feet Hexameter six feet Heptameter seven feet Octameter eight feet Rhythm The number of metrical feet in a line are described as follows: Dimeter two feet Trimeter three feet Tetrameter four feet Pentameter five feet Hexameter six feet Heptameter seven feet Octameter eight feet Rhythm from The Night Mail by W. H. Auden This is the night mail crossing the border, Bringing the cheque and the postal order, Letters for the rich, letters for the poor, The shop at the corner and the girl next door, Pulling up Beattock, a steady climb The gradients against her but shes on time. Rhythm from The Night Mail by W. H. Auden This is the night mail crossing the border, Bringing the cheque and the postal order, Letters for the rich, letters for the poor, The shop at the corner and the girl next door, Pulling up Beattock, a steady climb The gradients against her but shes on time. tetrameter Four feet (stressed syllables) in every line Rhythm pentameter Five feet (stressed syllables) in every line Rhythm from William Shakespeares - Sonnet But thy eternal Summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Rhythm from William Shakespeares - Sonnet But thy eternal Summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Rhythm iambic pentameter Five feet made up of 10 syllables and 5 stresses in every line Rhythm iambic pentameter ti-tum, ti-tum, ti-tum, ti-tum, ti-tum Rhythm So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood convey emotions tone dark / light / heavy / bouncy create a mood sad / celebratory - poets will use a combination of imagery, sound, rhyme and rhythm to create effects What effects are created by. Describe the change in tone How does the mood of the poem change Look at: meaning imagery sound rhyme rhythm put it to the test! Day Trip by Carole Satymurti Two women, seventies, hold hands on the edge of Essex, hair in strong nets, shrieked laughter echoing gulls as shingle sucks from under feet easing in brine. There must be an unspoken point when the sea feels like their future. No longer paddling, ankles submerge in lace, in satin ripple. Dress hems darken. They do not risk their balance for the shimmering of ships at the horizons sweep as, thigh deep, they inch on, fingers splayed, wrists bent, learning to walk again. Day Trip Two women, seventies, hold hands on the edge of Essex, hair in strong nets, shrieked laughter echoing gulls as shingle sucks from under feet easing in brine. There must be an unspoken point when the sea feels like their future. No longer paddling, ankles submerge in lace, in satin ripple. Dress hems darken. They do not risk their balance for the shimmering of ships at the horizons sweep as, thigh deep, they inch on, fingers splayed, wrists bent, learning to walk again. Imagery Literal, child-like description as a list metaphor for coast Link to fishing nets reference to sea Link to old age, soothing swollen joints Raises metaphorical links to life / mortality -no longer young water is rising, as old age is engulfing them / the tide of life is ebbing away Metaphor darkness dying Now they are uncertain / cautious Water / old age creeping up on them Child-like image again circle of life Day Trip Two women, seventies, hold hands on the edge of Essex, hair in strong nets, shrieked laughter echoing gulls as shingle sucks from under feet easing in brine. There must be an unspoken point when the sea feels like their future. No longer paddling, ankles submerge in lace, in satin ripple. Dress hems darken. They do not risk their balance for the shimmering of ships at the horizons sweep as, thigh deep, they inch on, fingers splayed, wrists bent, learning to walk again. Sound Assonance: e sound repeated Onomatopoeic Alliteration sh sound of the sea Long, soft sound e-a-s-i-n-g Assonance repetition of s Sudden change to hard consonant d for dying darkness - death Alliteration repetition of sh sound again Day Trip Two women, seventies, hold hands on the edge of Essex, hair in strong nets, shrieked laughter echoing gulls as shingle sucks from under feet easing in brine. There must be an unspoken point when the sea feels like their future. No longer paddling, ankles submerge in lace, in satin ripple. Dress hems darken. They do not risk their balance for the shimmering of ships at the horizons sweep as, thigh deep, they inch on, fingers splayed, wrists bent, learning to walk again. Rhyme Free verse effects of this? -unsettling -a break from routine -realism -child-like account unpolished -factual observations Day Trip Two women, seventies, hold hands on the edge of Essex, hair in strong nets, shrieked laughter echoing gulls as shingle sucks from under feet easing in brine. There must be an unspoken point when the sea feels like their future. No longer paddling, ankles submerge in lace, in satin ripple. Dress hems darken. They do not risk their balance for the shimmering of ships at the horizons sweep as, thigh deep, they inch on, fingers splayed, wrists bent, learning to walk again. Rhythm Short, jerky phrases, bouncy effect - fun Slowing down now more gentle Long, soft sound e-a-s-i-n-g short, bouncy phrases are gone long, uninterrupted sentence, with no commas to pause Short, one-syllable words create a shock Back to short, bouncy phrases again Day Trip Two women, seventies, hold hands on the edge of Essex, hair in strong nets, shrieked laughter echoing gulls as shingle sucks from under feet easing in brine. There must be an unspoken point when the sea feels like their future. No longer paddling, ankles submerge in lace, in satin ripple. Dress hems darken. They do not risk their balance for the shimmering of ships at the horizons sweep as, thigh deep, they inch on, fingers splayed, wrists bent, learning to walk again. Atmosphere, tone and mood Child-like quality in narration of scene short, bouncy fragments Onomatopoeia playful, carefree Soothing, peaceful tone from the use of alliteration sh sound of the sea and the long, soft sound e-a-s-i-n-g Change to philosophical mood with reference to their future. Soothing tone from soft consonants Darker tones from the sudden change to hard consonant d for dying darkness death a sudden reminder of their future. Alliteration repetition of sh sound again warmer mood returning Child-like feeling once again from the final narration. Poetry techniques: Imagery Sound Rhyme Rhythm Atmosphere, tone and mood What is the poet telling you? How is the poet telling you this? What do you... think imagine feel ?