ThemeTheme: : ««BuddhismBuddhism»»

Made by Akopyan Artem and Made by Akopyan Artem and Golubetskaya AlinaGolubetskaya Alina

Teacher: Rozanova E. A.Teacher: Rozanova E. A.

BuddhismBuddhism ( (Pali//Sanskrit: : बौ�द्ध बौ�द्ध

धर्म� धर्म� Buddha DharmaBuddha Dharma) is ) is a a religion and  and 

philosophy encompassing a  encompassing a

variety of traditions, variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, beliefs and practices,

largely based on largely based on teachings attributed to teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, , commonly known as commonly known as

the the Buddha ( (Pāli//Sanskrit "the awakened  "the awakened

one").one").  

The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the  some time between the

6th and 4th centuries BCE.6th and 4th centuries BCE.[2] He is recognized  He is recognized bybyBuddhists as an  as an awakened or enlightened  or enlightened

teacher who shared his insights to help teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end  end suffering (or  (or dukkha), ),

achieve achieve nirvana, and escape what is seen as , and escape what is seen as a a cycle of suffering and rebirth..

Two major branches of Buddhism are recognized: Two major branches of Buddhism are recognized: Theravada ("The  ("The School of the Elders") and School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle").  ("The Great Vehicle").

Theravada—the oldest surviving branch—has a widespread following Theravada—the oldest surviving branch—has a widespread following in in Sri Lanka and  and Southeast Asia, and Mahayana is found throughout , and Mahayana is found throughout 

East Asia and includes the traditions of  and includes the traditions of Pure Land, , Zen, Nichiren , Nichiren Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Shingon, Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Shingon, TendaiTendai and Shinnyo-en. In  and Shinnyo-en. In

some classificationsVajrayana—a subcategory of Mahayana some classificationsVajrayana—a subcategory of Mahayana practiced in Tibet and Mongolia—is recognized as a third branch.practiced in Tibet and Mongolia—is recognized as a third branch.

While Buddhism remains most popular within Asia, While Buddhism remains most popular within Asia, both branches are now found throughout the both branches are now found throughout the world. Estimates of Buddhists worldwide vary world. Estimates of Buddhists worldwide vary significantly depending on the way Buddhist significantly depending on the way Buddhist

adherence is defined. Lower estimates are between adherence is defined. Lower estimates are between 350–500 million.350–500 million.[3][3]

However, when including Chinese religion However, when including Chinese religion which has traditionally consisted of forms of which has traditionally consisted of forms of Mahayana Buddhism alongside Chinese folk Mahayana Buddhism alongside Chinese folk religion the number would range from 1–1.6 religion the number would range from 1–1.6

billion.billion.

Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of

various teachings and scriptures, and especially various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices.their respective practices.[8][8] The foundations of  The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three

Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community).and the Sangha (the community).

Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment traditionally been a declaration and commitment

to being on the Buddhist path and in general to being on the Buddhist path and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist.distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist.

Other practices may Other practices may include following ethical include following ethical precepts, support of the precepts, support of the

monastic monastic community, renouncing ccommunity, renouncing c

onventional living and onventional living and becoming a monastic, becoming a monastic,

the development the development of mindfulness and of mindfulness and

practice of meditation, practice of meditation, cultivation of higher cultivation of higher

wisdom and wisdom and discernment, study of discernment, study of

scriptures, devotional prscriptures, devotional practices, ceremonies, and actices, ceremonies, and

in the Mahayana in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of tradition, invocation of

buddhas buddhas and bodhisattvas.and bodhisattvas.