The Wreck of The Edmund Fitzgerald: 40 Years AgoGordon Lightfoot saidthis songis his most significant contribution to music.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald Courtesy: NOAA

Bonnie King Salem-News.com-Nov-12-2015

(SALEM, Ore.) - 40 years ago, on November 10, 1975, the SS Edmund Fitzgerald sank in Lake Superior. This two score anniversary commemorates the ship, a 729 foot ore carrier, which went down in a November storm, taking all 29 crew members to their graves.

"According to a legend of the Chippewa tribe, the lake they once called Gitche Gumee 'never gives up her dead.'" -Great Lakes: The Cruelest Month, 1975 Newsweek Magazine

Most of us (outside the area) know about the tragedy because of one thing: the song.The poignant song was written by Gordon Lightfoot as a tribute to the ship, the sea and the men who lost their lives in this mysterious shipwreck.

The fateful voyage began November 9, 1975 at 2:20 p.m.

The Edmund Fitzgerald's Captain Ernst McSorely was a seasoned sailor of the Great Lakes with 44 years of experience.

Captain McSorley left Superior, Wisconsin with a load of 26,116 tons of taconite pellets to be delivered to Zug Island, charting his course within ten miles of another ship, the Anderson, so that they could navigate Lake Superior together.

There was a storm brewing and heading northward towards the Great Lakes. It appeared to be a "typical November storm".

As the storm increased in intensity that afternoon, Captain McSorley reported that the Fitz "had a bad list, had lost both radars, and was taking heavy seas over the deck in one of the worst seas he had ever been in." The ship had lost two vent covers, some railing and was taking on water.He asked for a radar fix because his radar had failed. Darkness set in and snow squalls made the Fitz nearly invisible.

At 7:10 p.m. the Andersons Captain Cooper called Captain McSorley to check the condition of the Fitz. Captain McSorley replied, We are holding our own.

Just fifteen minutes later, as the Anderson emerged from a snow squall, Cooper couldnt believe his eyes. The Edmund Fitzgerald had disappeared from sight and sound.

The ship couldnt be seen visually or on radar, or contacted by radio. Captain Cooper called the Coast Guard and reported the Fitz is gone.

Three days later a Navy helicopter and the Coast Guard found the wreckage of the Edmund Fitzgerald approximately 17 miles from the entrance to Whitefish Bay. No bodies were ever recovered.

Gordon Lightfoot read the article in Newsweek Magazine two weeks after the ship sank, in the issue of November 24, 1975, and was inspired. That is when he wrote what has turned out to be his most famous song, and one of the greatest story songs ever,The Wreck of The Edmund Fitzgerald.

The song climbed to #2 on the Billboard pop charts in 1976 and remains one the most heartwrenching ballads ever written, and a highlight of every Lightfoot concert. Five years ago, he made a correction to a line in the song.As a result of recent findings that it waswavesand not crew error that lead to the wreck, Lightfoot changed At seven PM, a main hatchway caved in to At seven PM, it grew dark, it was then (see lyrics below).

A Canadian documentary calledEdmund Fitzgerald(Watch on the History Channel)concludes there is little evidence that failure to secure the ship's hatches caused the sinking and that it was a rogue wave instead.

Lightfoot said he always felt bad that the line might have implied that the crew was at fault, and was very happy that the new evidence absolved them.

"I can't use the hatch cover line anymore. And the whole verse was really conjecture right from start to finish anyway. It's the only verse in the whole song where I give myself complete poetic license, Lighfoot said in an exclusive interview with QMI Agency.

In a 2010 article in the Toronto Sun, he said he has no plans to change the copyrighted lyrics of the song and re-record it and that the lyrics change will be incorporated only into live performances.

Mariners Memorial, 1988 Great Lakes captains, family members, and friends pay their respects at a memorial service for the Edmund Fitzgerald crew at Detroits Mariners Church. Photo: Dean Koepfler, The Detroit News

If you missed the commemoration, come back in 2016.For the 40th Anniversary, there was a memorial service held at Mariners' Church as part of the 11am service on November 8th. This isnt a singular event.

Every year, on November 10th at 7:10 p.m., during the museum's annual memorial service, the bell is tolled 29 times for the Fitzgerald's crew, plus a 30th time to honor the estimated 30,000 victims on more than 6,000 ships that have gone down on the Great Lakes since the 1600s.Wreck Of The Edmund FitzgeraldThe legend lives on from the Chippewa on down of the big lake they called "Gitche Gumee." The lake, it is said, never gives up her dead when the skies of November turn gloomy. With a load of iron ore twenty-six thousand tons more than the Edmund Fitzgerald weighed empty, that good ship and true was a bone to be chewed when the "Gales of November" came early.

The ship was the pride of the American side coming back from some mill in Wisconsin. As the big freighters go, it was bigger than most with a crew and good captain well seasoned, concluding some terms with a couple of steel firms when they left fully loaded for Cleveland. And later that night when the ship's bell rang, could it be the north wind they'd been feelin'?

The wind in the wires made a tattle-tale sound and a wave broke over the railing. And ev'ry man knew, as the captain did too 'twas the witch of November come stealin'. The dawn came late and the breakfast had to wait when the Gales of November came slashin'. When afternoon came it was freezin' rain in the face of a hurricane west wind.

When suppertime came the old cook came on deck Sayin' "Fellas, it's too rough t'feed ya." At seven P.M. it grew dark, it was then he said*, "Fellas, it's bin good t'know ya!" The captain wired in he had water comin' in and the good ship and crew was in peril. And later that night when 'is lights went outta sight came the wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald.

Does any one know where the love of God goes when the waves turn the minutes to hours? The searchers all say they'd have made Whitefish Bay if they'd put fifteen more miles behind 'er. They might have split up or they might have capsized; they may have broke deep and took water. And all that remains is the faces and the names of the wives and the sons and the daughters.

Lake Huron rolls, Superior sings in the rooms of her ice-water mansion. Old Michigan steams like a young man's dreams; the islands and bays are for sportsmen. And farther below Lake Ontario takes in what Lake Erie can send her, And the iron boats go as the mariners all know with the Gales of November remembered.

In a musty old hall in Detroit they prayed, in the "Maritime Sailors' Cathedral." The church bell chimed 'til it rang twenty-nine times for each man on the Edmund Fitzgerald. The legend lives on from the Chippewa on down of the big lake they call "Gitche Gumee." "Superior," they said, "never gives up her dead when the gales of November come early!" (*revised lyric)

Music and lyrics 1976 by Gordon LightfootSources: Toronto Sun; Gordon Lightfoot.com; ecorse along the detroit river; detroitnews.com; & others.

________________________________________Bonnie King, Publisher of Salem-News.com

Photographer and video producer, writer, and editor, Bonnie King has served in a number of positions in the broadcast industry including TV Production Manager at KVWB (Las Vegas WB) and Producer/Director for the TV series "Hot Wheels in Las Vegas", posts as TV Promotion Director for KYMA (NBC), and KFBT (Ind.), Asst. Marketing Director (SUPERSHOPPER MAGAZINE), Director/Co-Host (Coast Entertainment Show), Radio Promotion Director (KBCH/KCRF), and also NIE/Circulation Sales Manager (STATESMAN JOURNAL NEWSPAPER).Bonnie has a depth of understanding that reaches further than just behind the scenes, and that thoroughness is demonstrated in the perseverance to correctly present each story with the wit and wisdom necessary to compel and captivate viewers and readers alike. She holds awards from theNational Coalition of Motorcyclists, theOregon Confederation of Motorcycle Clubs. A lifetime activist for just causes, she continues to strive to present facts that supportTruth, Justice and Peace, as we are in the world to change the world for the better. "TJP"View articles written by Bonnie King