the web is flat
DESCRIPTION
Guest lecture given at University College Maastricht.TRANSCRIPT
The Web is FlatSander Spek
Infonomics & New MediaEuropean Centre for Digital Communication
(INM-EC/DC), Zuyd University
The World is FlatA brief history of the twenty-first century
Thomas L. Friedman(2005, 2006, 2007)
Book titles (and sales)
The World is Flat The End of Poverty In Defense of Globalization Globalization and it's Discontents
Book titles (and sales)
The World is Flat The End of Poverty In Defense of Globalization Globalization and it's Discontents
1 515
20,602 52,196
(On Amazon.com selling lists,according to Leamer, 2006)
Lecture overview A flat world.
The flat web, meaning:
Open source. Web2.0 anduser-generated content.Source-generated content.Open content. Embedded Publishing.
Q:So, what does ‘flat’ mean?
Q:So, what does ‘flat’ mean?
A:Euhm... ‘change’,
sort of.
Changes…
Berlin Wall Netscape Workflow software Open sourcing Outsourcing
Offshoring Supply chaining Insourcing In-forming The Steroids
…and convergence
… of flatteners
… of horizontal value chains
… of the world (geographically)
From world to web
Open source
development methodology
access to a product’s source
Free as in ‘freedom’,not as in ‘free beer’.
Although…
Or how about a free car?
www.theoscarproject.org
Web 2.0?
Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the internet as platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform.
Tim O'Reilly (2006)
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Data is theNext Intel Inside
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Users Add Value
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Network Effectsby Default
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Some Rights Reserved
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
The Perpetual
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Cooperate, don't control!
Web 2.0 patterns(O'Reilly, 2005)
Software abovethe level of a
single device
User-generated
content
Bradley Horowitz:
User-generated content
Tags. del.icio.us, Flickr, last.fm Weblogs. LiveJournal. MySpace, web-log.nl Media. MySpace, DeviantArt, Flickr, YouTube. Wikis. Wikipedia, last.fm, WikiMaas. Social Networking. Facebook, MySpace, Hyves,
LinkedIn. Etcetera.
The Wisdom of Crowds
‘‘Given enough eyeballs,all bugs are shallow’’
Wikipedia’s track record English (Oct 2006) > 1.4 Million English articles > 800.000 new articles a day
Dutch > 400.000 Dutch articles (last week)
Studies by a.o. c’t Magazine and Nature
Community success
1. Individual value
2. Collective value
3. General value
So, is this all great?
NO!
Andrew Keen
[I am] actually convinced that people will eventually have had enough of the nonsense, and they will want to pay for good quality. At a certain point nobody wants to watching shitting dogs on YouTube anymore. It may be free, it remains a waste of time.
Copyright
Copyleft
Public Domain
Copyleft
Takes the best of both worlds.
Using copyright laws, to free works of certain rights.
e.g.,GFDL, Creative Commons
GFDL
General Public License(GNU-GPL) for software.
Free Documentation License (GNU-FDL) for documentation.
In short:attribution and viral.
Creative Commons
BY – attributionSA – share alike (viral)NC – non-commercialND – no derivatives
Consequences (1)
More legal use of works.
More works to use for consumers.
Remove barriersfor knowledge sharing.
Consequences (2)
One laptop per child(OLPC)
a.k.a. $100 laptop
Free software Free knowledge
Lawrence Lessig
Changes fornewspaper media
Embedded publishing?
UGC SGC
Journalistic sources start publishing.
Competition for traditional media?
Or complementary?
Examples PSV
UNIZO
Tiberghien
First Monday
Herman Van Rompuy
Consequences fortraditional media?
Conclusions
.........
Literature
The Flat World
The works ofMarshall McLuhan
The works ofManuel Castells
Thomas Friedmann (2005)The World Is Flat
James Surowiecki (2005)The Wisdom of Crowds
Yochai Benkler (2006)The Wealth of Networks
Henry Jenkins (2006)Convergence Culture
The Flat Web
Chris Anderson (2006)The Long Tail(or the Wired article from 2004)
Don Tapscott andAnthony Williams (2006)Wikinomics
Andrew Keen (2007)The Cult of the Amateur
Clay Shirky (2008)Here Comes Everybody
Free Culture Stuff by Lawrence Lessig
(e.g. on YouTube)
EmbeddedPublishing
Our upcoming report
www.fleet-project.be
www.fleet-research.be
Comics courtesy of Gaping Void
(Hugh McLeod) www.gapingvoid.com
Toothpaste For Dinner (Drew)
www.toothpastefordinner.com
XKCD (Randall Munroe)
www.xkcd.com
Married To The Sea (Drew and Nathalie Dee)
www.marriedtothesea.com