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The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Ber United Nations Environment Progra Sub-regional Workshop on Valuation and Incentive Mea for Eastern Europe and Centra 29 - 31 May Tbilisi, Ge

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Page 1: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

The TEEB approachto the loss of biodiversity and

ecosystem services

Nick BertUnited Nations Environment Progra

Sub-regional Workshop on Valuation and Incentive Mea

for Eastern Europe and Centra

29 - 31 May

Tbilisi, Ge

Page 2: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

of resources and damage or destruction of ecosystems are highly profitable for a few stakeholders in the short term; while the long-term benefits of protecting, maintaining and investing in natural capital are inadequately valued or not valued in an economic sense at all. As a result, the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services is undervalued in economic and political trade-offs.”

WWF, 2012

Global Living Planet IndexGlobal Ecological Footprint

Page 3: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

environmental services creates a practical problem of measurement –i.e. one of finding out what people preferences actually are in the context where there are no markets – but it does not generate a conceptual problem of measurement. (..) people do have preferences for environmental services and do express them in money terms –otherwise it would be difficult to explain much of the behaviour towards the environment.”

Pearce et al., 1991

1

Page 4: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

development requires…

(1) improvements in environmental valuation and policy analysis to ensure that markets and policies incorporate the full costs and benefits of environmental impacts

(2) implementing effective and appropriate information, incentives, institutions, investments and infrastructure

(3) Increasing collaborationbetween environmental scientists, ecologists and economists

UNEP, 2011

Page 5: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

the economic invisibility of nature is a problem

addressing losses requires knowledge from many disciplines (ecology, economics, policy,…) to be synthesized, integrated and acted upon

different decision-making groups need different types of information and guidance

because successes need be understood, broadcastreplicated and scaled…

Why TEEB? Because…

Page 6: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

TEEB Study: timeline, products, people

TEEB approach

The way forward

Overview

Page 7: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Potsdam Initiative –

Biological Diversity 2010

“In a global study we will

initiate the process of

analysing the global

economic benefit of biological diversity,

the costs of the loss of

biodiversity and the failure

to take protective measures

versus the costs of effective conservation.”

TEEB Study: Phase I (2007-2008)

2007

Page 8: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

TEEB Study: Phase II (~2008-2011)

Ecological &

Economic

Foundations

International and

national policy

makers

Local and regional

administrators

Business

community

Citizens &

2010

2010-2012

Page 9: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

TEEB's main reportsTEEB Study: Citizens & consumers

Page 10: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Study Leader: Pavan Sukhdev

Advisory Board: scientific & policy leaders; civil society

Hosted by UNEP

Scientific coordination: UFZ, Leipzig

Over 500 individual editors, authors and reviewers

Financial donors and other institutional partners (partial list):

TEEB governance

Page 11: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Pushpam KumarPushpam Kumar

Patrick ten BrinkPatrick ten Brink

HeidWitt

HeidWittm

HaripriyaGundimeda

HaripriyaGundimeda

Joshua BishopJoshua Bishop

TEEB Coordinators

Page 12: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Independence (Study leader, advisory board)

Relevance (coordination group, advisory board, active

omotion/communications, simple tailored messages,

high level policy uptake, media coverage)

Broad experience (more than 500 international

contributors, international organisations, public

ministration, business, research institutes, NGOs, o

architecture)

TEEB Study: some success factors

Page 13: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

1,500+ news articles in 65 countries

1,400+ websites

5,000+ followers on facebook and

twitter

TEEB Study: response in media

Page 14: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

G8 Carta di Siracusa (2009)

G20 Leaders Statement (2010)

CBD COP-10Decision X/2 on the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-20Decision X/21 on Business EngagementDecision X/44 on Incentive Measures

Ramsar Resolution X.12 on “Principles for partnerships between theRamsar Convention and the business sector”

CITES COP-15

CMS COP-10

EU biodiversity strategy to 2020, “Our life insurance, our natural cap(May 2011)

TEEB Study: response in policy

Page 15: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Synthesis of existing knowledge on economics oecosystems and biodiversityFocused analysis and key messages for differenend-usersActive and worldwide dissemination to these useAwareness raising and mainstreaming

TEEB is not…Academic effortGlobal valuation study

What TEEB is aiming for…

Page 16: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

TEEB Study

TEEB approach

The way forward

Page 17: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,
Page 18: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,
Page 19: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Institutions & Human

Judgments determining

(the use of) services

Ecosystems & Biodiversity

* subset of biophysical structure or

process providing the service

Service

Management/

Restoration

(eg . flood -

protection,

products

Feedback between

value perception

and use of

ecosystem services

Function*

(eg . slow

water

passage,

biomass)

(eg . vegetation

cover or Net

Primary

Productivity

Biophysical

Structure

or process

(contribution

to health,

safety, etc)

Benefit(s )

Human wellbeing

(socio -cultural context)

(econ) Value

(eg . WTP for

protection

or products)

1)

Before economic valuation: assess ecosystem changes in biophysical terms

Page 20: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Incorporation of nonmarket values of ecosystems in resource management decisions Elimination of subsidies that promote excessive use oecosystem services (and, where possible, transfer thessubsidies to payments for non-marketed ecosystem services)Measures to reduce aggregate consumption of unsustainably managed ecosystem servicesGreater use of economic instruments and market-based approaches in the management of ecosystem services (where enabling conditions exist)

TEEB is more than economic valuation...

Page 21: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

1. Recognizing value: a feature of all human societies and

communities

2. Demonstrating value: in economic terms, to support decision

making

3. Capturing value: introduce mechanisms that incorporate the

values of ecosystems into decision making

TEEB tiered approach

Page 22: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

NormsRegulatio& Polici

Market

EconomMechanis

Recognizing value

Demonstratingvalue

Capturingvalue

Regional Planning

Legislations

PES

PA Evaluation

Certification

Page 23: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Monetary

Value

Quantitative Review of Effects

Qualitative Review

Ecosystem Services

Uses: eg. health,

income, well-being

Quantification:eg. No. of people obtaining

fuelwood from a forest

Monetization:eg. avoided costs for water

purification, recreational value

Known and un

The evaluation challenge: different assessments

Page 24: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Valuation decision itself has “trade-offs” that need to be recognized (long-term concerns)

Valuation is a human institution (who values)

Define the purpose of valuation (why value)

Valuation has ethical implications (uncertainties and risks)

Discounting implies ethical choices (equity)

Valuation: key themes

Page 25: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

recognise, demonstrate and, possibly, capture value.

raise awareness of the role of ecosystems in human well being.

help us to measure better so that we can manage better

Identify ‘true’ costs of business as usual

Identify potential opportunities

Improve decision making when tradeoffs are necessaand useful information is lacking.

Provide a basis for policy formation and analysisanalysis

Economic valuation a means to…

Page 26: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Better management of a portfolio of ecosystem services

Page 27: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Making Nature's Values Visible: improved evidence base for improved governance, awareness for action – government (all levelbusiness, people

Measuring better to manage better: from indicators to accounts, valuation & certification

Changing the incentives: payments, taxes, charges, subsidy reformarkets

Protected areas: biodiversity riches that can also offer value for money, recreation and cultural identity, tourism.

Ecological infrastructure and benefits: climate change (mitigation/adaptation), air pollution & health et al

Natural capital and poverty reduction: investment for synergies –livelihoods, food, water, fuel.

Mainstream the economics of nature: across sectors, across policies, seek synergies across disciplines.

In summary

Page 28: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

TEEB Study: timeline, products, people

TEEB approach

The way forward

Overview

Page 29: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

From study to implementation (Phase III)

Page 30: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Examples of TEEB implementation by business

Individualcompany

initiatives

Cross sectoral

initiativesIntegration into

business tools

Sectoralinitiatives

Page 31: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

Survey: What are your TEEB Plans?

Have ecosystem valuation studies already taken plac

in your country?

What TEEB related actions will you make when yo

get back to your country after this workshop?

What kind of assistance will you be looking for texecute your TEEB plans?

Page 32: The TEEB approach - CBD · The TEEB approach to the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services Nick Bert ... media coverage) Broad experience (more than 500 international contributors,

TEEBweb.org