the structure of lower and upper canadian government in the early 1800s & the rise to the 1837...
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The Structure of Lower and Upper Canadian government in the
early 1800s & the rise to the 1837 Rebellions
The Population of Lower and Upper Canada
Population of Lower Canada (1814)335,000 people
Population of Upper Canada (1814)95,000 people
*http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/98-187-x/4064809-eng.htm
Social Structure of Lower and Upper Canada
Social Tensions within Lower and Upper Canada
Lower Canada
The Château Clique
Nationalism
Social Tensions within Lower and Upper Canada (con’t)
Upper Canada
The Family Compact – A small groups of upper-class officials who made up the Executive Council of U.C. after 1812.The Family Compact made no effort to
free up land
How government was structure in Lower and Upper
Canada
Legislative Assembly
Tensions caused by the governmental structure
A disconnect between the Legislative Assembly and the two councils (Executive and Legislative) and the Governor.Demands made by the Assembly were often
ignored or vetoed by the councils.
Representative vs. Responsible Government
Representative Government
Responsible Government
Consists of people who are elected by voters to make laws on their behalf
Can be voted out if elected representatives fail to please a majority of the people who elected them
Louis-Joseph Papineau & William Lyon Mackenzie
William Lyon Mackenzie Louis-Joseph Papineau
A background perspective of William Lyon Mackenzie…
Born March 15, 1795, in Scotland, William Lyon Mackenzie came from a very religious household and education.
In 1824 he would begin his rise to prominence with his own news paper, the Colonial Advocate.
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie
Mackenzie’s Colonial Advocate
Mackenzie used the Colonial Advocate to strongly criticize the gov’t and the Family Compact.
In 1826, the newspaper office was ransacked.
Mackenzie was elected to the Legislative Assembly in 1828.
A background perspective of Louis-Joseph Papineau…
Born October 7, 1786, in Montréal, Louis-Joseph Papineau came from a very political family and well-cultured family.
In 1815, he became Speaker for the Legislative Assembly for Lower Canada.
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Joseph_Papineau
Papineau’s Parti Canadien
Papineau sought to reform government himself.
In the late 1810s, Papineau became leader of the Parti Canadien; which, by 1826 was transformed into the more radical Les Patriotes.
Leading up to the Rebellions of 1837…
After Mackenzie and Papineau’s request for reform were denied, both insisted on rebelling against the gov’t
Both Mackenzie and Papineau worked in unison leading up to the Rebellions
Both knew that British troops could not defend both L.C. and U.C. at the same time
Both leaders attempted to align their attacks in unison, but failed…