The PresidencyThe Presidency

US GovernmentUS Government

Chapter 13Chapter 13

Mr. GibsonMr. Gibson

I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the Office of the President of the execute the Office of the President of the United States, and will to the best of my United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, ability, preserve, protect, and defend protect, and defend the Constitution the Constitution of the United States.of the United States.

Inauguration of President Barack ObamaJanuary 20, 2009

[A] Qualifications:

Formal: 1. 35 years of age 2. 14 year U.S. citizen 3. "natural born" citizen

Informal: 4. government experience 5. access to money 6. political beliefs 7. personal characteristics

[B] Term:

1. 4 year term of office

2. Limited to 2 terms by the 22nd Amendment * A maximum of 10 years may be served if a succession takes places.

How long does a President serve?

President Truman signs the 22nd Amendment

[C] Compensation:1. Fixed by Congress: A pay increase cannot take place until the beginning of a new presidential term of office

(Article II – Section 1) 2. Current Salary - $400,000 (Jan 2001)

*Pension/Spouse Pension

* franking privilege- the free use of the U.S. mail* health care

* Protection after tenure

* $50,000 expense allowance

Children of retired Presidents receive protection until they are 16 years old.

Retired Presidents and First Ladies receive protection for 10 yearsafter leaving office.

What Are Some Other Presidential Benefits?

Secret Service Protection

Air Force One Camp David

Marine One

The White House

[D] Age and Tenure:

1. Who was the oldest President?Ronald Reagan:

73 years old (1985)

2. Who was the youngest President?

Succession: Theodore Roosevelt – 42 years

(1901)

Elected: John F. Kennedy – 43 years

(1961)

3. Which President served the longest term of office?

Franklin RooseveltElected to 4 Terms

(1933-April 12, 1945)

4. Which President served the shortest term of office?

William Henry HarrisonMarch 4, 1841-April 4, 1841

He delivered the longest inaugural speech in history, 8,444 words and 2 hours long, on a cold and rainy day. He died from pneumonia 30 days later.

5. Which 4 Presidents Have Been Assassinated?

6. Which two U.S. Presidents have been impeached?

Not Me! I resigned and was later pardoned by President Ford.

You would look angry too if one vote decided your fate!

Would you define that again?

[E] The Roles of the President:

1. Chief of State:

b. collective image of the U.S.A.

a. ceremonial head of the U.S.A.

2. Chief Executive:

a. enforcer of U.S. laws

b. executive orders

c. impoundment

d. judicial appointments

e. reprieve (postponement of punishment)

f. pardon (release from punishment)

g. amnesty (group release from punishment)Vietnam Draft Dodgers

Granted Amnesty By President Carter

President Ford Pardons Richard Nixon

Nixon’s Resignation

3. Chief Administrator:

a. heads the government and its’ bureaucracy.

The Oval Office

Reagan Cabinet (1981)

4. Chief Diplomat:

a. in charge of foreign policy.

b. acts as the nation’s chief spokesman.

c. The Main Tools of the Chief Diplomat:

•Treaties: a formal agreement

needing 2/3 approval of the Senate

•Executive Agreements: used informally between

the President and a foreign head of state.

President Carter signed a treaty in 1977 that gave Panama full control of the canal on December 31, 1999.

Panama Canal

5. Commander in Chief:

a. in control of the military forces (2-3 million people).

b. nuclear weapons

6. Chief Legislator:

a. shapes legislation and policies

b. State of the Union Address

7. Chief of Party:a. Influences his party members

b. How?

* Favors* Re-Election Appearances

* Patronage

The “Johnson treatment”

8. Chief Citizen:

a. representative of the U.S.

[F] Presidential Succession:1. Formally established by the 25th Amendment

In 1841, John Tyler became the first

person to succeed to the presidency.

2. Presidential Succession Act of 1947

1. The Vice President Joseph Biden 2. Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi 3. President pro tempore of the Senate1 Robert Byrd 4. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton 5. Secretary of the Treasury Timothy Geithner 6. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates 7. Attorney General Eric Holder 8. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar 9. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack 10. Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke 11. Secretary of Labor Hilda Solis 12. Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius 13. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan 14. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood 15. Secretary of Energy Stephen Chu 16. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan 17. Secretary of Veterans Affairs Eric Shinseki 18. Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano

* Why was the establishment of a formal succession necessary? (This was largely done to safeguard against a nuclear attack.) * How many positions are below the President?

(3 leadership positions, 15 Cabinet positions)

President TrumanSigns the Act

[G] [G] Presidential Presidential DisabilityDisability::1. 251. 25thth Amendment: How may a “disabled” President leave office? Amendment: How may a “disabled” President leave office?

A. The President can A. The President can

notify Congress notify Congress

that he or she is that he or she is

unable to perform unable to perform

his duties. his duties.

B. The Vice-President and a majority of the Cabinet (8 people or B. The Vice-President and a majority of the Cabinet (8 people or more) inform Congress that the President is unable to perform more) inform Congress that the President is unable to perform his duties. his duties.

* The President may resume his duties by notifying the Congress * The President may resume his duties by notifying the Congress

in writing that he is fine. in writing that he is fine.

Nixon Resigns August 9,

1974

If the Vice President and the majority of the Cabinet again If the Vice President and the majority of the Cabinet again inform the Congress of the President’s disability, the Congress inform the Congress of the President’s disability, the Congress has 21 days to settle the dispute.has 21 days to settle the dispute.

* A 2/3 vote in both the House and the Senate are needed in * A 2/3 vote in both the House and the Senate are needed in order to order to remove the President. remove the President.

Who Are A Couple Of The People That Have Been Affected By Presidential Disability?

Woodrow Wilson

He had a stroke in 1919 and his wife largely assumed his duties.

I was acting President for 2 hours in 2002 and again in 2007.

Dick Cheney

Who Are We?

Barack Obama

Gerald Ford

Bill and Hillary ClintonLyndon Johnson

Ronald Reagan

1.

2.

3.4.

5.

Gerald Ford

Jimmy Carter

Ronald Reagan

George H.W. Bush

Dwight Eisenhower

John Kennedy

Richard Nixon

George W. Bush

Bill Clinton

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

What Is Notable About These Pictures?

Mark FeltA.K.A. “Deep Throat”

Informant

Iranian Hostage CrisisMonica Lewinsky

Marilyn MonroeWatergate

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

An election prediction proves wrong.

Truman Defeats Dewey

President Nixon’s secretary Rose Mary Woods

Here she demonstrates “the Rose Mary Stretch.”

This move erased parts of the Watergate tapes.

6.

7.

Which 4 Presidents Are On Which 4 Presidents Are On Mt. Rushmore?Mt. Rushmore?

Did You Guess Correctly?

George Washington Thomas

Jefferson Theodore Roosevelt

Abraham Lincoln

Who are the 5 Presidents listed in this picture?

What does this picture represent about our form of government?

George H.W. Bush

Barack Obama

George W. Bush

Bill Clinton

Jimmy Carter

Which Six Presidents Preceded President Obama?

[H] Why Do Presidents Usually Lose Support The Longer They Serve In Office?1. Expectations raised in campaigns are not met.

2. All things that go wrong, rightly or wrongly, are blamed on the President, even if he cannot control them.

3. Major negative events

4. Media and press criticism accumulates over time, sharpening peoples dissatisfaction toward a President.

5. People are ready for a change.

[I] [I] Presidential Leadership Presidential Leadership QualitiesQualities::

1. Ability to communicate1. Ability to communicate

2. Sense of timing2. Sense of timing

3. Openness to new ideas3. Openness to new ideas

4. Understanding the public4. Understanding the public

5. Ability to compromise5. Ability to compromise

[J] [J] The The CabinetCabinet::1. An advisory group that helps the President in making

decisions and setting government policy.

2. They help with the President’s workload but he is not bound to use their advice.

3. The Cabinet has been used since 1789, by George Washington, but it is a custom and is not mentioned in the Constitution.

4. Cabinet Positions: 15 (As of 2004)

5. The President nominates his choices, and the Senate must confirm them.

Washington’s Cabinet (1789)

[K] [K] Vice President’s Role and Vice President’s Role and DutiesDuties::

1. President in

Waiting

2. President of the Senate

3. Ceremonial Duties

[L] The Electoral College:Mr. Gibson has a nice handout for you dealing with the Electoral College.

Has anyone seen this movie?

A handout??? I just love handouts.

The actor is John Belushi, and the movie is ….

Animal House (1978)