The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson

Third President of the United States

Thomas

Jefferson

3rd

President

1801-1809

Demo-Rep.

Election of 1800

• Federalists = John Adams and Charles Pinckney

• Democratic Republicans = Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr

• Jefferson and Burr had 73 electoral votes each, Adams had 65, Pinckney had 64 – Jefferson won on the House 36 vote– Caused the creation of 12th Amendment

• 1st time one party replaced another

John Adam’s and the Federalists

Thomas Jefferson and Democratic - Republicans

•Rule by Wealthy Class•Strong federal govt.•Emphasis on manufacturing•Loose interpretation of Constitution•British alliance

•Rule by the people•Strong state governments•Emphasis on agriculture•Strict interpretation of Constitution•French alliance

Jefferson’s Inauguration

• In his speech he emphasized:

1. Supported the will of the majority

2. Need for limited government

3. Protection of civil liberties

Jefferson’s Political Changes

• Alien and Sedition Acts allowed to expire

• Lowered military spending

• Repay more of the nations debt

• Remove domestic taxes

Jefferson Kept the National Bank

Government’s Primary Function under Jefferson:

• Protect the nation from foreign threats

• Deliver mail

• Collect customs duties

Marbury V. Madison

• Federalists controlled the Judicial Branch

• Adam’s created and filled 16 new judge positions at midnight on his last day in office

• Not all of the needed documents were delivered before Jefferson took office– William Marbury did not receive his

documents prior to Jefferson taking office

• Jefferson refused to deliver them to him once he took office

• Marbury sued and the Supreme Court agreed to hear the case because John Marshall disagreed with Jefferson’s political issues

Outcomes:• Establish the Supreme Court’s power to

check the power of the other branches– Power used to strengthen power of the court

for Judicial review

• Marbury’s case was denied

Louisiana Purchase

• The American ambassador in France trying to purchase New Orleans got a surprising offer to purchase all of Louisiana territory.– France needed money more than a military base in

the Americas– France hoped to also scare the British with a large

American land grant

• The Livingston and Monroe (U.S) accepted the French offer to buy Louisiana for $15 million roughly doubling the size of the U.S. with approximately 900,000. sq mi– October 20, 1803

Exploration of New Lands• Under the Jefferson administration the

size of the United States almost doubled and little was known about this new territory!

• Lewis and Clark Expedition• Pike’s Expedition

– 1806 Zebulon Pike was ordered to find the start of the Red River

– Founded Pike’s Peak in (Colorado) Rocky Mountains

– Explored other areas of Spanish territory, but was captured and called a spy

Pike’s route in Red