The Nanomedicine Delivery The Nanomedicine Delivery ChallengeChallenge

You have learned that some sunscreen You have learned that some sunscreen products contain nanoscale structuresproducts contain nanoscale structures..

Nanoscale structures in sunscreen include clusters Nanoscale structures in sunscreen include clusters of zinc oxide and/or titanium oxideof zinc oxide and/or titanium oxide

Different number of ions can cluster together.Different number of ions can cluster together.• ZnO always has equal numbers of Zn and O ionsZnO always has equal numbers of Zn and O ions

• TiOTiO2 2 always has twice as many O ions as Ti ionsalways has twice as many O ions as Ti ions

~100 nm TiO2 particle ~200 nm TiO2 particle

Source: Images adapted from http://www.cse.clrc.ac.uk/msi/projects/ropa.shtml

The unbalanced chemical equation below The unbalanced chemical equation below describes the formation of iron oxide describes the formation of iron oxide

structures commonly called magnetite.structures commonly called magnetite.

FeClFeCl33 + FeCl + FeCl22 + NH + NH44++ + OH + OH−− → Fe→ Fe33OO44 + NH + NH44ClCl

Water is used to rinse off the ammonium chloride.Water is used to rinse off the ammonium chloride.

A surfactant is then mixed with the iron oxide so A surfactant is then mixed with the iron oxide so that nanoscale clusters of iron oxide form.that nanoscale clusters of iron oxide form.

The magnetite clusters can be put into a demonstration The magnetite clusters can be put into a demonstration cell that contains an organic liquid. cell that contains an organic liquid.

The clusters can be manipulated in a magnetic field and The clusters can be manipulated in a magnetic field and behave like a fluidbehave like a fluid. .

Ferrofluids as a model of a Ferrofluids as a model of a nanoscale medicinenanoscale medicine

The goal for your group is to use the materials in the plastic containers to propose methods for delivering a nanoscale medicine to a specific location in the human body.

The activity has been adapted from the November 2006 Science Scope Journal article “Nanomedicine: Problem Solving to Treat Cancer” co-authored by Melissa A. Hemling, Lauren M Samuel, Greta Zenner, Amy C. Payne, and Wendy C. Crone.

There are Three Data TablesThere are Three Data Tables

• In Data Table #1 you need to describe the effectiveness of medicine delivery devices.

• In Data Table #2 you need to compare the behaviors of nanoscale and larger than nanoscale particles in a magnetic field.

• In Data Table #3 you need to describe the possible advantages and disadvantages of a medicine that responds to a magnetic field.

CreditsCredits

Slide 1: A manipulated nanoscale structure:

Nanomedicine: Problem solving to treat cancer

by Melissa A. Hemling, Lauren M. Samuel, Greta Zenner, Amy C. Payne, and Wendy C. Cron

Science Scope Journal; November 2006

Slide 5 : FerroFluid Structure;

Page 944 Journal of Chemical Education • Vol. 76 No. 7 July 1999 • JChemEd.chem.wisc.edu

Slide 6: A FerroFluid display cell available from Educational Innovations Inc . At:

http://www.teachersource.com/ElectricityAndMagnetism/Ferrofluid/FerrofluidPreformDisplayCell.aspx

YouTube video at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SKVHv63SlM&feature=related