THE LATE MEDIEVAL

ART AND ARCHITECTURE

OF THE MALTESE ISLANDS

Mario Buhagiar

Fondazzjoni Patrimonju Malti 2005

CONTENTS

•

Page

Abbreviations .. .. .. ... .. . . .. . ....• .. ...... .. . ....•.. . .•. . ... . .. . ... . .. .. . .. . .......... x

Pre£,ce ............... •• ....•..........• .... • .. ........ . ....•....• ... .......•.... . Xl

List of Plates and Figures ...................... . .... . .... . .........•................... . xv

Acknowledgement for Plates and Figures ..... . .. ... . . .. .. . . .. . . .... . . ... . ................ xx v

Chapter 1: THE FIRST BEGINNINGS: EARLY CHRISTIAN TO EARLY MEDIEVAL ............ 1 Early Christianity ............................................................. 2 The Byzantine Period ........ . .......... . .... . .... . ..... . ............... . ...... 6 The Muslim Imprint ............. . .... • .......... • . .... . ..... .. ......... . ..... 10

Chapter 2: THE RE-CHRISTIANIZATION AND LATINIZATION OF MALTA .... . ............. 17 Domestic Architecture ........................................... . .... . ....... 19 Fortifications ....................... ................................... ..... . 23 ' ...... Ecclesiastical Architecture ....... • .......... .. ... . ............................. 27 Sculpture .................... . .... . ..... . .. . ... . .. . .... . ... .. • .. .. .. .. . ..... 30 The Cathedral's Treasures ...... • .. ...... .. .... . •.. .. . .. ... .. . .. • . ..... ........ 32

Chapter 3: THE COUNTRYSIDE: CAVE-DWELLINGS AND DRYSTONE CONSTRUCTIONS .... 39 The SpilI into the Countryside .... ............................................ . .40 The Troglodytic Phenomenon ........ . .... . ....•.... ...... . .......... .... ..... .40 The CorbelIed Hut ............ .. . .. . . ... . . ... . .............. .. ......... . .... .44 The Apiary Hut ............. . . .. .. .. ... ....... . .. .. ... . .......... . ... .. . . ... .46 The Razzett ................. .. .... . ........ • . .........•..... .... .. . . . .... .. .48 Water Supply and Irrigation .................... . .... . .................... . ..... 50 The Viridarium at Is-Simblija ....... .. ......... . ... . .. .......•• .. ... . . ...•..... 51

Chapter 4: SICULO-GREEK MONASTICISM AND ROCK-CUT CHURCHES .... .• . ........... 57 The Conversion of the Muslims ......................................... .. ...... 58 Siculo-Greek Monasticism ................... . .......... ... ...... . •.. .. . .. ..... 58 Abbatija tad-Dejr . .................................... . .... . .... . ..... . ...... 59 Rock-Cut Churches near the Civitas ...... . .... . .... . ..... . ..............•....... 63 The Rural Rock-Cut Churches .................. . ....... . ............... . ....... 68 Gozo and Comino .............. . . ... ...... ..... . .. . ... . ... . ... . .............. 78

vii

Chapter 5: THE BUlL T CHURCHES .. .. .. . ....... . .............. . .. .... . ... .. . .......... 83 The First Post-Muslim Churches . .. . .................... . ..... .. .... .. . ......... 84 Influences and General Characteristics ..... ...... ... . . . .. .. ......... . ..... . ...... 86 Doorways, 'Melitan Mouldings', and Hood Moulds ... .. .. ... . ..... .. . . . ..... ... .. .. 89 Windgws, Bell-cots, and Other External Features .. . .. . .... . . . . . .. . ... .. . . . . . . .... .. 92 Internal Features . ... . .. . .. ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .... . . . . . . ..... . .. . . . ... .. 96 The Mal Millieri Paintings ... . .. . . .. ...... ................. . . ... ..... ... . . ... .. 99

Chapter 6: THE LATE MEDIEVAL TOWN HOUSE ........................ ... . ... . .. . . ... 105 Buildings and Master Masons in the Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Centuries ..... ... ... .106 Popular Housing and the Urban Fabric . ... ...... .... ... .. ..... .. .. . ............. 107 The Palaces of the Nobility and the Gentry ... .. .. .. ... .. ..... ... .... ... . . . . .. .. . .110 The Maltese Mullioned Windows .. ............ . .......... . . .................. . 123

Chapter 7: THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH .. . .. .... ... . .. . ... ... .... ....... ... . ... . .. .. .. . 13 1 The Bell -tower ................. . . ....... . . .... .. .. . ... .. . .. . . ... . . . ... .. .. .1 32 The Cathedral Fabric ... .. .. . .. .. .. .... . .............. . ............ . .... . . . .. 133 Side Chapels and Altars . . .. . ...... .. ... . ... . .. ...... .. ... . . .. . .. ........... . .134 Graves and Funerary Monuments ..... .. . .. .. ........ .. .. . ... . .. . ..... . . . ... .. . 136 The Intarsia Choir-stalls .................... .. ... .. .. .. . ..... . . ............... 137 Liturgical Ob jets d'Art ...... ..... .. .... ... . •. .. . ... . . . . .. . .... .. . .... ... .... .1 38 The Great West Door .................... . . . .... . ... . . . ... . . . ..... . . . . ... . .. . 144 The Carved , Gilt, and Painted Ceiling ............. ..... ... ...... .. . . . .. . . . . . .... 145 Other Furnishings and Ornate Woodworks .... .. .... . ... .. . . .... ..... . .. . ....... .148

Chapter 8: THE MENDICANT FRIARS AND THE CLOISTERED NUNS ... . . . ....... . . . . .... 153 The Benedictines and Malta ...................................... .. . .... . ..... 154 The Ospidale di San Francesco and the Franciscan Third Order ..... .. . ... .. .. . . . . . .. . 155 The Reformist Franciscans Observant and the Church of S . Maria di Gesu . .... . .. . . .... 158 The Augustinians and their Churches ........ . ... ...... ..... .. . .. ... . . .. ........ 159 The Dominicans and the Church of S. Maria dell a Grotta ... .. .. . ....... . ..... . ... . . 161 The Birgu Dominican Church ........................ .. .. ..... .. .. ......... .. . 168 The Carmelites .. .. ..... .... ..... . ... . . . ... . ... . . . ..... .. ...... . ..... . ...... 170 The Benedictine Nuns of St Peter ......... . . . .. . .. . . . .... ... .... .. . .. .... . . .... 172 The Nuns of Sta. Scolastica .............. .. . . . . .. . . .. .... .. .. ....... . . . . . ..... 174

Chapter 9: PARISH AND COUNTRYSIDE CHURCHES IN THE FIFTEENTH AND EARLY SIXTEENTH CENTURIES ... . .. . ... ..... . .. . ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .. . 181 An Architectural Overview ............... . . .. . . .. . . . ... . .. .. .... ..... ... . .. . .1 82 Wall Paintings ... .. ...................... . . ... . . . . .. . . .. . .... ..... . .... . ... . 184 The Founding of the First Parish Churches ..... . .......... . ...... . .. .. . .......... 190 The First Parish Church of Birkirkara ....... ... . .. ..... . . . . . ... ..... . ........... 193 The Other Parish Churches ... . ............. ... . . ... ..... .. .. ...... .. . ... . .. ... 195 Retables and Other Paintings ..... .. ..... .. . . .. . . . .... ... .............. ... .... .200 Precious Metals ........................ . . ... . . .. ...... . . . ... . ..... ... .. ..... 206 Domestic Precious Metals and Jewellery .. . . .. ... . . .... .. .... . .. . .... .. .. ....... .209

viii

Chapter 10: PAINTING AND SCULPTURE: THE CATALAN AND SICILIAN CONNECTION ... 217 The Dormition of the Virgin Panel ......... . ....... . ........................... 218 The St Palll Retable .. . .... ......... .. . .. . . .... . .. . .. ....• . . . ... .. . . . . . . ... . . 2 19 The Sicilian Connection ................ . . . . . . ... . .. .. .... . .......... . . ... ... .226 The Antonello da Messina Connecti on ...... . ............... . ..... ... . . ... . .... .227 The Gogini Connection ......... .. .. ..... . . ... . . .... . .... •. ....•....• . ... . .... 232

Late Medieval Artists. Architects and Craftsmen . .. . . .. . ... . ... . ....... .. . .. . . ... .. . ...... .245

BibJiograph y ..................... . ........ . .. . . . . .. .. . ... . .. .... . . . . .. . . .. . ........ .25 1

Index ... •.. . .• .. . . .... . .• . . . ..• . . . .•. .. . .•. .. .•....• . ........ . • ........... . .. .269

ix

INDEX OF PLACES AND PERSONS

Only places and persons are indexed. Churches, chapels, and religious houses are indexed under 'Church', painters, sculptors, architects, and craftsmen under 'Artist' , and places of archaeological interest under' Archaeological Monuments and Sites.' Personal names are given under the family name where possible, with occasional cross references. Names are generally given in form used in the text.

A - Xaghra ta' Santa Duminka Catacomb, Kalkara, .. 5 Arezzo, ...... .. _ ... _ . . . .. . .............. 202

Abbate, Giliberto, ......... ................. 110 Artist

Abela. Giovanni Francesco, ... 75, 78,132, 158, 178n, - Antonello da Messina, ..... .. . 134, 138, 227, 230

179n, 183 - Apap, Vincent, ............... .. ......... 169

Accasina, M., .............. . . . . . . .. . ...... 227 - Arsemole, Fra Matheus, .... . . . .. . .... 142

Agira, ........................... .. ........ 92 Adriatic Coast, ...... .. . . ..... . ....... 132

- Barbara, Nardu, ........... . . . ... ... . .... 134 - Bartolo, Giovanni, .... . . .......... . .. .. . . 142

Agius de Soldanis, G.P.F., ................ 32, 160 - Bassa, Fen'er, . . ..... .... ........ .. . . ... . 223

Ain Addamus, ... . .... , . . . ... ......... .. 50 - Bellini, Giovanni, ... _ .. . .• . . ............ 227

Ain Allien, .......... .... . .. ... . . . , ... ..... 50 - Blondeo, Petro, ............ __ .. _ .... .... 145

Alberobello, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 54n - Bonello, Giuseppe, .............. 139. 171 , 209

Alexander VI, Pope, ... , ... . ........... ___ .. 158 - Bonnici Calf, Rafel, .... . ...... .. ......... 169

Alfonso V, ........... .. . , .... _ 24,116,154,172 - Borassa, Luis, . __ . _ .... _ . . . 220, 221, 224, 225

Al Himyari, .. _ ... _ . __ ..... , . .............. _ 46 - Borg, Luca, ..... ... ... . . . ... . .. .. 134

AI-Idrisi, .......... _ . _ . . . __ . 18, 40, 44, 46 - Brunelleschi, ..... . . . ..... ... . . . . ....... 235

AlIegritlo, Andrea, ......... . _ . . ... _ .. _ 179n - Bugeja, Samuel, __ . _ .... . . . ... . ....... 72, 220

An-Nuwayr!, _. ___ ......................... 38n - Burg, Salvo, ......... . ...... . .. . , ... 106, 156

Antonio, Gaspar, and Pietro, bell founders, ...... 132 - Burlo, Paulu, ........ . ... . . . ..• ......... 147

Antoni, ............... ___ ............ _ _ .. 232 - Buttigieg, Jlllianu, ....... , . . .•........... 233

Arabia, __ . _ ......... ..... . . .. . ..... .. .. _ .. 88 - Caccialepri, Nicola, ..... _ .. _ . ... ......... 158

Aragon AJley, Mdina. __ ...... ..... ......... _ 124 - Calachura, Parisio, .......... . .... 137, 138. 164

Arcadius, ............. . ........... .. ....... 9 - Calachllra, Pier Antonio, ..... .. ... 137, 138, 164

Archaeological Monuments and Sites - Calleja, Gillseppe, ... _ _ ....... 185,218,220

- Abbatija tad-Dejr Catacombs, Rabat, .. 7.9,59-63, - Carastu, Antonio, ................. .. _ . _ .. 227

74.77,89 - Cassar, Gerolamo, ...... .. . .. . . . .. .. ..... 182 - Baqqari Churches. . ____ ......... ___ .. _ . 84-85 - Cimabue, . __ ..................... .. .... 202

- Ghajn Zahra, Early Christian Cemetery, Tripoli, . 6 - Gozo Archaeological Museum, ...... 10, 30. 38n

- Coglituri, Matteo .......... _ ............• 183 - Curmi, Cola, ...... . ..... 141, 144-148, 156,219

- Mal Resqun Catacomb, Gudja, . __ ...... .. .. 3, 5, - de Manueli, Don Victorio, ........ .. ....... 142

- Jewish Catacombs. Rabat. .. ___ .. • _ . _ . . _ .. . 65 - de Saliba, Antonio, .... . . _ .... . ... 158,227-229

- Majmuna Stone, ....... ... ........... ___ .. 10 - de Saliba, Pietro, ........ . .......... _ 227-228

- Muslim Cemetery, Rabat, ........ ... ....... 10 - di Bruges, Vincenzo, ..... . . ... ........... 133

- National Museum of Archaeology, Valletta, ... 28 - di Michele, Jacopo, . ___ .................. 203

- Roman catacombs, ........... .. ........... 3 - di 10 Episcopo, Matheo, . ... ....... _ .. . .... 142

- Roman House, Rabat, .......... __ . . __ ...... 9 - Dimeg, Jacobo, ..... 106,112,133,156,183.199

- St Agatha Catacombs, Rabat, ......... . .... 2, 4 - Dingli, Tommaso, ....................... 182

- SI Paul Catacombs, Rabat, . _ . __ ........ .. . 3, 6 - Dumag, Jacobu , see Dimeg, Jacobo

- SS. Paul-Agatha Catacombs, Rabat, . __ ...... 6 - Dumag, Georgi, ............... _ .. _ . 106. 156

- Salina Bay Catacombs, St Paul's Bay, .. _ .. ____ 6 - Dumag, Petru, ...................... 106, 156

- Ta' Cieda, San Gwann, .............. _ ... 193 - Dumah, Jacubu, see Dimeg, Jacobo

- Tas-Silg, Early Christian deposits, ......... ... 5 - Farrugia, George, .. _ . . . . . . . . . . ........ 185

- Tas-Silg, Temple of Astarte, _ ... ___ .... .. .... 8 - Francesco da Laurana, ....... _ ... ... ..... . 235

- Tophet, site of, ....................... .. . 68 - Gafit, Lorenzo, ............. .....•... 144, 220

269

- Gagini, Antonello, "", ....... ... 158,236-238 - Gagini, Domenico, .......... , ........ 233-235 - Gagini Workshop, Palermo, .... . . . 137,165,167 - Gaspare da Pesaro, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 226 - GeneI', Guerau, ................ . ..... 225, 226 - Gera, see di Michele Jacopo - Ghiberti, ....... . .....•......... 235. - Giordano da Messina, ...... . ............. 228 - Giotto, . ..... ~ ....... ..... . . .. . .... 202, 223 - Giovannello da Itala, ........ ... . . . . . 232 - Giovanni, Fra, ..................... 167, 179n - Giovanni di Pictro da Napoli, ........... ... 226 - Griggs, W., ............................. 185 - Hyzler, Giuseppe, ........... 188,218,219,220 - Jacobello da Messina, ..... ..... .... 228 - La Cruchi, Petro, .. ...... ....... .. . . ..... 142 - Liftech, Bartolomeo, .......... ..... ..... . 141 - Maczuni, Bartolomeo, ...... , ....... . ..... 139 - Manjuni, Giovanni Antonio, .... . ..... . .... 142 - Master of the Bir Miftuh Altarpiece, ......... 204 - Master of Bishop Galliana, .. . ......•.... 223 - Master of Rubio, . ..... . . .. .. .... ... ..... 224 - Master of Soriguerole, ... .... ............. 219 - Master of the Santa Maria Latina Retable, .... 161

Messina School of Antonello, ..... 145, 156, 173, 187,227

Micallef, Bartolomeo, .................... 204 - Michelangelo, ... ... ...... ........ . ... .. 236 - Muscat, Nicolau, ........ . .......... 156 - Padovano, Alessandro, see Patavino Alessandro - Patavino, Alessandro, ............. 145-148, 220 - Perez d' Aleccio, Matteo, .... . ............. 164 - Perugino, .... .......... 188 - Pisani, Lazzaro, ............ ...... 61, 81 n, 185 - Pisani, Micheli, ......................... 156 - Pulsella, Giovanni Antonio, ........... 184, 190 - Praxitiles, .. . . . . . . .................... 38n - Preti, Mattia, ............... . . .. . ... .... 219 - Ruzzolone, Pietro, ...... . ..... .. . .. 227 - Salibe, Giovanni, ....... ..... ....... 227 - Salvo d'Antonio, .... ........ 134, 187,228-232

Scarpa, Giovanni, ... . .... . ....... 139-141,206 - Serra, Juame, ....................... 224, 226 - Serra, Pere, ........................ 224, 226 - Spagnolo, Girolamo, ........ . ......... ... 176

Van de Aa, Pieter, ......... ...... .. . ...... 41 - Vassald, Jorgi, .......................... 134 - Vineciano, Vincenzo, ....... . ...... . ..... 141 - Xebiras, Giovanni, ....................... 141

Asciak, Don Mariano, ..... ... ............... 116 Asia Minor, ........... ..• ..... . . . ... . ..... 58 Athens, ........................ .. ....... 102n Attard, ........ .. . . ........ . ... .. . . .... 11 Attardu, Blasio, .........• .. . .... . .......... 184 Attardu, Lysterio, ... ....................... 184 Attun, Xalomo, ............................ 107 Auberge d'Italie, Valletta, ......... . . . . ... .... 125

270

Azzopardi, Antonio, ................ .. ... .. 179n Azzopardi, Fra Francesco Maria, .... . ........ 17911 Azzopardi, Mgr. John, 150n, ................ 178n

B

Bahrija, ................................... 44 Balaguer Camarasa, Giovanni M., Bishop, .. 193, 194 Balearic Islands, ........................... 125 Bartolo, Angelo, .......................... 150n Barberi, Antonio, ....... . . . ................ 150n Barcellona, .. ... ...... . ......... . ...... 206 Basilicata, .............................. 40, 44 Bastions Square, Mdina, ... . ...... 113, 116 Benevento, .............. . , .... . ........... 53 Beraxi, Pietro, ........................ 167, 179n Berge Sobre, Judith, ....................... 242n Bautier Bresc, Genevieve, .............. . ..... 221 Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, ......... . ...... . 38n Bibliotheque national de France, .............. 38n Bingemma Ridge, .. ....... . .... ............ 69 Birgu, ................ 25, 108, 169, 174, 179n,

183, 199, et passim Birkirkara, ........................ 192, 194, 195 Bir Miftuh, .... . ....... .. ....... 90, 96, et passim Bisbut, ....................... . .... . 192 Bishop of Patti, Sicily, ....................... 40 Bisqallin, ............... . ... .... . ........ . 192 Bissone, .............•...... . . • .•...•..... 235 Bohemond, ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 76 Bonello, Manfredi, ..... .. ........... ...... 179n Bonello, Paolo, ........ . .• . ...... .. . ...... 179n Bonello, Thomeo, .............. . . . . . ...... 179n Bonello, Vincenzo, ..... ... . . . ... ....... 188, 220 Bondi, Giacomo, ....... .. . .. . . . . ..• ..... .. 214n Bonnici, Jacobo, ........... . ............. .. 197 Bordino, Enricus, . . ....... ..... .... ........ 149 Bordino, Esmeralda, ... .. . . . . ....• .. ........ 133 Bordino Family, . ........... ..... .... .. 132,186 Borgiu, Michael, .. . . . . . . . . .... .... . 194 Bosio, Fra Antonio, Bishop, ... . ... . .. 137, 139 Bottari, Salvatore, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 187, 227 Braun, Hugh, ...... . ... . ................... 90 Bubaqra, ........... • ...... . . . . ......... 84, 99 Buhagiar, Keith, .... .. .. ... . ..... . .... 82n, 129n Buhagiar, Mario, ............. . . .. • ........ 129n Buqana, ................. . . . ... •...... 110. 136 Busbisija, .... . . . . . ..... . . . . .. . . . .... .. . ... 74 Buskett, ................ . . . ............... . 40

c Caffaro, Andrea, ...... .... ........ ..... . .. 119 Cagiano de Azevedo, Michelangelo, .......... 178n Calabria, .......... . . .. ..... .. . . ... 65, 79

Callistus Ill, Pope, .......... , . , . , . . ......... 1 n Camilleri, Pietro, ............. . ............. 197 Camogi, Anfrano, ............... . .•........ 143 Canchur. C, .............................. 184 Candachia, Giovanni Enrico, .. .... . .... 13 7 Cannaves, Mgr. Giacomo, Bishop, .... . ........ 195 Cappadocia, ..................... • . . ....... 58 CappeJla Sancta,Pomenica, ... . . . ............ 192 Capu, Don Jacobu, ............. .. .. .. 154 Capuchin Bastion, Floriana, ................ . 9 Capuchin Museum, Floriana, ...•. • ....... 204, 209 Cardona, Don Antonio, ...................... 116 Carmel Street, Mdina, ........ . .. , . .......... 125 Caruana, Dr A.A., ..... , ............. 61,67,185 Caruana, Petro, . ........................ 210 Casa IsabeJla, Mdina, ..... . . , .. . ... 118-119, 129n Cassar, Matteo, ............ . ............ .. 197 Cassar, Pachi, ............................. 133 Cassar, Frater GuilleJmus, ...... . ..... . .. 170, 171 Casteletti, Donna Paola, ............•........ 110 Castellan's House, Castrum Maris, ......... I 19·121 Castrum Civitatis Malte, .................. 24, 25 Castmm Maris, Birgu, . . 20,28,32,53,86, 108, 116,

119,168,169,183,191,193,200,206,237 Catagnano, Alessandro, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 143 Catagnano, Mgr. Bernardo, Bishop, . , ...... l37, 139 Catalunya, ............... 88, 102n, 106, et passim Caxaro, Manfredi, ... . . . . . . . . . . ......... 123 Caxaro, Pietro, ...... . ...... . Cataldo, Fr'ater ..... . ...... .

.... 165 ............ ,171

Catania, .................. . ............... 102 Cauchi, John A., ................. . .. 242n Cathedral Museum, Gozo, ........... 204, et passim Cathedral Museum, Mdina, ...... 32, 132, 133, 134,

156,218,220,226,230, et passim Cefalu, ..................... , .......... , .. 19 Central Mediterranean, ............... . ..... 9, 18 Charles of Anjou, ........................... 29 Chersonesos, Harbour town, . ...... ,..... . .. 3 Church (chapel, cappelJa, monastery, convent,

cemeteries) - Abbey Church of Monreale, ....... 23, 32 - Annunciation of the Virgin, Birgu, .. 108,168-170,

179n - Annunciation of the Virgin, Mal Millieri, .. 88, 92,

97,99-102,188,190,205 - Assumption of the Virgin, Attard, ..... , . 182, 184 . Assumption of the Virgin, Birkirkara, ... 192, 206 - Assumption of the Virgin, Goargour, ......... 95 - Assumption of the Virgin, Gozo Castello ..... 204,

206, et passim - Assumption of the Virgin, Ta' Ceppuna, ...... 92 - Augustinian Convent, GOZD, .............. . 160 - Augustinian Convent, Malta, .. 159-161, et passim - Augustinian House, Gozo, see Augustinian Convent,

Gozo, - Augustinian House outside Mdina, see Augustinian

Convent, Rabat, Malta. Basilica of St John Lateran, Rome. . ...... 31, 32

- Cappella Palatina, Palermo, ............. 23, 32 - Carmine Church of the Annunciation, Mdina, ... 24,

107 - Carmine Church of the Annunciation, Santu

Leonardu, Rabat, ............... 170-172, 184 - Carmine Convent, Mdina, . . . . . . . . . .. 171

Carmine Convent, Santu Leonardu, Rabat. ... . 77, 170·172

Caval", Rayneli, ......................... 231 Cave of St Nicholas, see Ghar San Niklaw Cemetery Church of Castroreale, ........... 228

- Chiesa Madre di Bordinaro, Messina, ........ 236 - Chiesa Madre di Termini Imerese, .......... 227 - Comino Church, see Return of the Holy Family from

Egypt, Comino - Conventual Church of St John, Valletta, .. 182,237 - Dominican Church, Birgu, see Annunciation of the

Virgin, Birgu - Dominican Church, Rabat, see Virgin of the Grotto,

Rabat - Dominican Convent, Birgu, ................ 168 - Dominican Convent, Rabat, ... . ..... 168 - Dominican House, Birgu, see Domincan Convent,

Birgu - Dominican House, Rabat, see Dominican Convent,

Rabat, - Francicans Conventual Church, Rabat, .. 139, 155,

156,158,165 - Francicans Conventua1 House, Rabat, Gozo, .. 158 - Francicans Conventual House, Rabat, Malta, .. 158 - Franciscans Observant Church, Rabat, Malta, see

Santa Maria di Gesu, Rabat - Franciscans Observant House, Rabat, Malta, .. 158 - Gozo Castello Church, see Assumption of the Virgin,

Gozo Castello Ghar San Brankat, ........ . . , . . ........ 75, 76 Ghar San Niklaw, .. . ... 72. 74, 75 Goar San Pietru, ......... , ... , ........... 75

- Goar tas-Slaleb, ...................... 77, 78 Grotta dei Santi, Ragusa, . . . . . . . . . . . ... 63

- Grotta dell a Solitudine, Lentini, ............. 61 - Grotta di Contrada Giannotta, Licata, ...... 71 - Hlantun Church, ...... , ................ 85-86

Holy Sepulchre, ......................... 58 - Madonna tal -Ghar, Rabat, see Virgin of the Grotto,

Rabat - Martorana. La, Palermo, ................ 20, 21 - Mellieha Sanctuary of the Virgin, see Nativity of the

Virgin, Mellieha. - Mensija Church, see San Leonardo tal-Gebel . Mdina Cathedral, ... 6, 14n, 27, 34, 106, 132, 184,

190, 218, 232, et passim - Mdina Cathedral bell tower, ....... 106, 132-133 - Monastero di Santa Maria de Sixena, ........ 225 - Monastero de Santes Creus, ............... 225

271

- Nativity of the Virgin , Bir Miftuh, ......... . 188 - Nati vity of the Virgin, Castrum Maris, ....... 204 - Nati vity of the Virgin, Mellieha, ... 48, 7 1,72, 193 - Nativity of the Virgin, Naxxar, 199, 203-204 - Nativity of the Virgin, Siggiewi, ............. 95 - Nativity of the Virgin , Ta' Qali, ............. 92 - Palermo Cathedral , ..... ........ ........ . 38n - Rabat Dominic3'l.Chufch , see Virgin of the Grona,

Rabat . Return of the Ho[y Fami[y from Egypt,

Comino, ...... .. ................. 78, 84, 97 Saviour, Gozo Citadel, ..... ......... . .. 190 Saviour, Mdina, . . . . . . . . . .. . ........... 188 Saviour, Zebbug, ... ... ................. 95 St Agatha, Rabat, .. 3 [,32,64,144, [85, 190,237,

et passim St Ange[o, Castrum Maris, .. ......... ..... . 25 St Anne, Fort St Angelo, ......... 20, 25, 29, 32 St Anthony the Abbot, Birgu, .............. 108 St Anthony the Abbot, N[antun see Nlantun Church. St Barbara, Sannat, Gozo, ...... , .......... 190 St Barrholomew, Rab"t, ..... . ... , . , . , .... 103n St Basil , see San Bazi [ju St Catald, Rabat, .... ..... ........ . .. 64 St Catheri ne, Siggiewi. . ..... .... .......... 95 St Catherine of A[exandria, Birgu, .......... 108 St Catherine of Alexandria, Tal-Baqqari , Zurrieq,

see Santa Katarina tal -Baqqari - St Catherine of A[exandria, Zejtun, ..... 182, 188,

191. [92, 197, 199 - St Catherine of Alexandria, Zunieq, ..... 184, 197 - St Cyr, see San Cir - St Domenica, Ma[ Tanarni , ..... ,. , . , ., .... 192 - St Domenica, Gozo, ........... , . , . , ....... 78 - St Domenica, Zabbar, ................... 190

SI Euphemia, Zebbug, ..................... 95 St Francis, Rabat, see Franciscan Conventuals

Church, Rabat, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 St George, Qormi, .......... .. ... 197,200-202 St George, Rabat, Gozo, .............. 110, 206 St Helen, Birkirkara, ........ ......... 192, 193

- St Honor,;, Les Alchamps, Provence, France, . 102n - SI J ulian the Confessor, Senglea, ........... 158 - St Laurence, Birgu, .... 108, 109, 168, 199,205,

206, et passim - St Leonard Cave Church, ....... . .......... 59 - St Mark the Evangelist, Rabat, ..... "., ... . 160 - St Mary Magdalene, Rabat, ................ 64 - St Matthew, Siggiewi, . . . ............ ...... 95

St Matthew, Zebbug, ....... . .... , . , . , ..... 95 St Michael, Zebbug, ................ . .... 95 St Nicho[as, Birgu, ............... .. . .. 108 St Nicho[as Cave Church , Wied Mazmn, . 53, 78

- St Nicho[as, Siggiewi. ..... . . 188-190, 195 - St Nicho[as, Wied ir-Rum, see St Nicho[as Cave

Church, Wied Mazrun - St Panateleimon, Nerez, Macedonia, ......... 201

272

- St Paul 's Grotto, .... ............... ..... 64 - St Paul the Fin;! Hermit, Mosta, .. . ..... 75

St Peter, Mdina, ............... ..... . 174-175 St Peter, ZUlTieq, ... ...... ............... [84 St Peter Monastery, Mdina, ........ [74-175, 228 St Phi[ip of Agira, Zebbug, .... 92, 139,206,209 St Sebastian. Birgu , ...................... 199 St Venera, Rabat , .......... .... ...... ... .. 66 San Bal11aba in Valderice, ................. 88 San Bai ilju, Mqabba, ....... 85,93, 96,97, 103n San Cataldo, Palermo, . . . . . . . . . . .. 20, 27 San Cir, ..... .. ............. 84, 99, 102n, 188 San Domenico, Arezzo, ................... 202 San Domenico, Syracuse, ................. 137 San Gorg ta' Gebel Ciantar, ............. 69, 71 San Giovanni degli Eremiti, Pa[ermo, ......... 27

- San Leonardo tal-Gebe/, .............. . 76, 205 - San Mattew tal-Maq[uba, ............. 85 - San Mikiel is-Sincir, ...... .. 86, 90, 96, 196

San Nicolo, Sciaeca, ........ . . 226 - San Nieolo d' Arena, Cat ani a, .......... 154, 155 - San Pau[u di Fora, Rabat. ....... . . 191, [99

San Vi ncenzo a Galliano, Milan, .......... . 102 Sancti Pauli de Cimiterio, Rabat, see San Paulu di

Fora, Rabat. Santa Cecilia, Gozo, .... , ......... . ..86,92 Santa Croce, Mdina, ..... ...... .. 129n

- Sant' Andrija ta ' Birmigga, ................ 92 - Santa Caterinia, Galmina, Lecce, ........... 102 - Santa Katarina tal-Baqqari, ...... .. 84, el passim - Santa Katarin. tax-Xwejk i, ........ ... . 93, 103n - Santa Lucia, Mtarfa, ... . .... .......... ... . 87

Santa Lucia sui Tirone, Lentini, Sicily, ....... 71 Sama Margarita, Mosta. . .................. 99 Santa Maria, Castrum Maris, . .... 20, 25, 28, 86, 119, 191

Santa Maria, Zejtun, ....... .. ............. 92 Santa Maria Antiqua, Rome, ................ 60 Santa Maria di Donna Manna, Mdina, ... 136, 139 Santa Maria di Gesti , Rabat, .. ..... 158,228,236,

et passim - Santa Mafia de Jesu de la Observancia, see Santa

Maria di Gesti, Rabat Santa Mafia deW AmmiragJio, Palermo, see

Manorana, La, Palermo, Santa Maria della Grolta, Rabat, see Virgin of the

Grotto, Rabat Santa Maria dell a Speranza, Mosta, ..... ... .. 74 Santa Maria della Speranza, Rabat, . . . ... 64 Santa Maria delle Grazie, Catanzaro, Calabria, 236 Santa Maria del Seu, Manresa, ............. 225 Santa Maria della Virtl' , Rabat, .......... 68, 90

- Santa Maria Gaudiorum, Gozo, ........ 160, 178n Santa Maria ta ' Birmiftuh, ..... 90,92-93, 95 , 96,

99, 190, 192, 195-196 Santa Maria tal-Baqqari, Santa Maria ta' Mal Xluq,

......... 84,86 ...... 90, 96, 196

Santa Maria tal-Mlas, ...................... 93 Santa Maria tal-Knejjes, .................. 193 Santa Maria di Predalbes, Bareellona, ....... 223 Santa Seolastica, Mdina, .............. 175-176 Santa Seolastiea Monastery, Mdina, ..... 175-176 Santa Sofia, Mal Far, ................. .. .. 88 Santa Teresa, Catanzaro, Calabria, .......... 236

- Sicilian rock-~ut churches, ................. 66 - Santi Nicolo e Cataldo, Lecee, ............ 103n - Virgin, Wied Ziri, Mosta, ................. 184 - Virgin of Hope Mosta see Santa Maria dell a

Speranza, Mosta - Virgin of Loreto, Gudja, ................... 97 - Virgin of Monserrat, Birgu, ................ 200 - Virgin of the Grotto, Rabat, .... 67,163-167,190

Chiaramonte Family, ........................ 23 Cicero, .. . , ...... . ... . ... .... , .. 8 Cirkewwa, .................... . ........ 43 Civitas, see Mdina Comino, . . . . . . . ........ , ............. 78, 97 Constantinople, ....... ,', .................. ,. 9 Corradino Hill, ..................... 9 Corso Vittorio Emmanuele, Palermo, .......... . 124 Cubelles, Mgr Domenico, Bishop, .... 150n, 161-163,

172, 174 Cuglituri, Salimbeni, .............. ......... . 147 Cumbo, Giulio, ............. .,. , .. ., ...... 179n Cumbo-Navarra, Ugolino, ........... , .... ... . 116 Curmi, Matteo, .... . ., ..... ., ........ 163 Cusman, Jacobo, ......... . . , . . . . . .. . . .... 107 Cutajar, Nathaniel, ........... .,.,., .... 193, 194 Czullo, known as Baldu, ....... . ............. 197

D

Dalli, Paulo, ................ . ........ , ..... 197 Darmanin, Matteo, ................... , ..... 107 Da Palenno, Fra Lorenzo, ... ................ . 158 d'Alagona, Mgr. Antonio, Bishop, ......... 137, 154 de Aragona, Donna Margarita, ........ 170, 171, 172 de Barba, Muchio, . . . . ............... 178n de Barba, Paolo, ........... ., ....... .. .... 178n de Barba, Pietro, .......................... 178n de Beniabin, Andrea, ....................... 150n de 10 Buseo, Petrus, see de Iu Briseu, Petrus

de Falsone, Ambrosio, ...................... 112 de Falsone, Micheli, ..... . . ... 106, 112, 115 de Falsone, Salvo, see de Fauzono, Salvo de Fauzone, Salvo, ......................... 165 de Guevara, Don Filippo, see De Guivara Don Filippo de Guivara Family, ..................... 134, 193 de Guivara, Ferdinando, .... , ................ 136 de Guivara, Don Filippo, ........ 16R, 193, 199,207 de Hangest, Fra Carolus, ..... . ........... ... . 159 de Habica Family, ... ................. . ... 135 de la Lieata Family, .......... . ............. 134 de Landino Y solda, see Y solda de Landino de Leo, Frater lacobus, ...................... 158 de ManueIe, Enrico, .. de Mello Senatore, see Senatore de Mello de Malta Guillelmus, see Guillelmus de Malta. de Malta Paolino, see Paolino de Malta

.. 210

de Moncada, Guglielmo Raimondo, ..... .. ..... 117 de Mont Galldry, Fra Christophorus, ... .. . . .... I S9 de Nasis, Don Salvatore, . .................. . ISDn de Nava, Alfonso, ..... ....... . ...... 150n de Nava Isabella, see Isabella de Nava de Nava, Johannes, see Johannes de Nava de Noto, Gabriel, ........................... 107 de Peregrino, Jacobus. see Jacobus de Peregrino de Peregrino, PauIus, see Paul us de Peregrino de Pirera, Marciano, ........................ 209 de Podio, Don Matteo, ... .... .. ........ . ... 29 de Rapis, Giovanni, ............... , ......... 148 de Rocka, Donna Chiara, ....... . ......... 122 de Rocka, Donna Lukina, ............... 122 de la Sengle, Fra Claude, Grand Master. ........ 159 de Vaccaro, Jaeobe, .................... 209,232 de Vaugrignane, Guillaume, ................... 32 de Voragine, Jaeobus, ....................... 101 del Caretto di Montefeltro, Eleonora, . . . .. 170 del Caretto di Montefeltro, Matheo, . . . . .. 170 Desguanez, Antoni, ................. 116, 135, 136 Desguanez Family, ...... . ............ 135 Dejr il-Bniet, ............ ., ., .......... 109, 136 Dimeg, Don Domenico, ..................... 106 Dingli, ........................ 18, 76, 192, 193 Diocletian, ............. , . . . . . . . . . . . . 82n Dragut, Rais, ......... , ................... 178n Dusina, Mgr Pietro, .......... 74,97, 136, 154, 194

de Iu Briseu, Petrus, ........................ 155 de Carbuni, Lancia, see Lancia de Carbuni E de Caxaro, Betta, ........................... 210 de Caxar, Cesaria, ....... . ................. . 210 Elle the Jew, ................. .. ........ 129n de Caxaro, Nicolao, ......................... 210 Enna, ..... . ....... . .......... 112 de Caxaro, Rogero, ......................... 210 Enrico Pecatore, Count of Malta, .. , .... 18, 25, 119 de Chabiea Family, see de Habica Family Eolou Street, Athens, ............ .. ........ 102n de Chilia, Fra Guglielmo, ................ .. .. 229 Episcopal Palace, Palermo, ......... . ......... 124 de Fabro, Michele, .... . ............ . ..... 161 Ethiopia, .......... . ................. 58 de Falsone, Donna Agata, ... , ... , . , . , ........ 136 Eusebius of Cesarea, ........................ 32

273

F

Falca, Antonio, ..................... . 209 Falcsuni, Micheli, see de FaIsane Micheli Falsone, Andrea, .................. . . .. . 209 Falsone, Ambrogio, ... . . . . , .. . ........ . 143 Falsone Family, ....... " ... ,' , ., ... 135, 139, 186 FaIsone Dianora, • ...... . .................. 209 Falsone, Matteo, ....•. . .... ... .... . .. . ..... 116 Falsane, Ylagia, ................. . . . . . . .... . 209 Farrugia, Carmel, .................... I 18 Ferdinand the Catholic, . . . . . . . . . .. . ......... 145 Fiorini,S tanley, ... ........ 129n, 149n, 150n, 179n R~~~ .......... ..... .......... ... ....... 9 Fort St Angelo, Birgu, see Castrum Maris, Birgu Fosse Street, Gozo Citadel •......... .. ........ 109 Franciscan Tertiaries, see Third Order of St Francis Frederick n, ........................... 119, 154 Frederick IV, ................... . . . .... .... 170 Freno,Salvaturi, .... .. . ....... . . .. . . ....... 156

G

Galatina, ................................. 102 Gallarino G., ...... 53 Galleria Nazionale di Palazzo Abatelis,

Palenno, .......... . ........... 201,226 GargalIo, Fra Tommaso, Bishop, .... .... ,. 173, 176 Gatto, Francesco, ......... I 10, Ill, 116, 129n, 136 Gatto. l mperia, ............................ 116 Gatto-Murina Street, Mdina, . . . . . ........ I11 Gatl-Desguanez Family, ........ . ... . .... 135, 136 Gebel Ciantar, .............. . ......... 69 Genoa, Gerba,

........................... . . . ..... 18 .. 18

Gewwa r-Rokka, see La Rocca. GFmdira Valley. . . . . . . . . ... .•........ 74 Ghajn Klieb, . ........ ..... .. . . . ....... . 108 Ghajn Tuffieha, ..... .. ................•.... 48 Gr"Un Qajjed. . .....•............•.......... 67 Ghf\jn Xejba •.... . . ... . .................... 190 Gharb, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48, 233 Ghar Assarifi, Ghar Dalam, Ghar il -Kbir. Ghar Qasrana, Gnar Scioaib,

. . ... . . ........ . . . .... ..... 54n .............. . . . . . ........... 54n ........ . . . ............... 40,42

... . •.... .. .. .. .. . . •......... 69 .... . ... ....... ... 54n

Ghar ta' Baldu, ........ . ..............•.... 55n Ghar Manzira. . .... . .... . . . ... ..... . . . . ..... 78 Ghargnur, .. . ..................... 95 Gllien Ingraw, ...... . ... . .. . .......... .. ... . 72 Gollcher, Captain Glaf, ....... ...... ......... 116 Gozo, .... 9, 15n, 18,25,28,40,43,48,78,86,122,

160, et passim Gozo Castle, see Gozo Citadel.

274

Gozo Citadel •.... 25,26, 38n, 93,108-110,122-123, 160,191. et passim

Gozo Folklore Museum, . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ...... 123 Grand Harbour. .. 9, 25, 28, 108, 119, 168 • 191, 232 Great Fault, the, ..................... 48,72, 191 Greeks' Gate, Mdina, ...... . ..... . ..... 21,23,25 Gregory the Great, Pope, ...................... 9 Grugni Family •... . ... . ....... . . . .......... 134 Gudja, ........... .... .............. 3,31 Guillelmus de Malta, ..... . .. . . .• ....... . 26, 122

H

Hakim, Jacobo, ..... . .. ... . ... ... 158, 172,209 Hakim, Mariano, . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ... .. 158 Mal Bajjada, ... . .. . ... . . . ............ 65 Hal Far, ... ........... . .................. 88 Mal Kbir .... ....... . .. .. ... ........... 154, 183 Mal Millieri, . . . . . . . . 3 I, 88, 97, 99- 102 Mal Xluq, .................... . ... 90, 95 Hauran, ................ . . .... . . .. .... ..... 88 Haxixe, Giovanni , .... .. . ...... . . . ......... . 209 Hellul, Don Pietro, .. . ...... .. ........... 184 Hemsija ......................•.. .. ...... , 136 Henry VI, Swabian Emperor, ............. 40 Mlantun. .... . ......... .. .. .......... 85 Mofra ta ' Ghar, 11-, ...... . .... . .. .. ..... 76

Holy Cross Street, Mdina, .................... 125 Honorius, .................................. 9 Hospitale Sancti Petri, Mdina, ..... . ..... ..... 173 HSBC Bank, Rabat. . ................ .... . . 178n

I

Ibn al-Athlr, ... . . . .. . .. . . . ... • . . .... .. ... . 38n lhn Hauqal, .................. . ........... . . 46 Id-Dwejra, ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Ilarius, Bishop of Malta, ...... . . . ........ 154, 199 lnguanel. Street, Mdina, ...... . .. . .. ..... 118 lsabella de Nava, . .... .... ... . .... .... .. 156, ]64

J

Jaccarini, Carol C., ... ...... . . . . .... . . .. . . .. 54n J acobus de Peregrino, ......... . ... .. . . 170 laner, Don Bemardus, ................... .... 138 Janer. Frater Benedictus, ..................... 155 Johannes de Nava •......... 155, 156, 158, 164, 165 Johns, Jeremy. ...... .. . ....... . . 58 Julia Augusta, ......... . ... . .. 26 Julius n, Pope, ..... . ... ..... .. .. . . . . ... . .. . 236

K

Kahya, Kaid of Maita, . . . . . . . . . ... . ..... 10 Kalafrana, .................. ..... • . ...... .. 84 Kaikara, .............. . . . .•. . . . . . . . . . ...... 5 Ketib, Ximxom, ... . . • ..... . ............ 210 Kerceln, ..................... . . . . . ......... 48 King Ferdinand'l'\ IJey, ... .... .............. 11 8 Kircher, Athanasius, ...... ...... ............. 41 Knights HospitalJer, see Knights of St John . Knights of St John, ..... 26, 29, 32 ,49, 53, 106, 108,

116, 11 9,123, 136, 144, 157, 158, 182,203,208

L

La Rocca, Mdi na, ........ . . . . . •.. . . .. . . .. 24,25, 108, 11 3, 175

Lancia de Carbuni, ..........•.•.•.... . . 154 Landolino Fam ily, ......................... 178n Latnija, il·, ............. ............... 43, 54n Lauria, Ruggiero, see Ruggiero Lauria. Lecce, ....... ........................... l03n Lentini, ................. . ... .... ....... 6 1,71 Les Alychamps, Aries, ... . . . . .. ............ 102n Lesina, .......... , .... .. ... .... ............ 5 Libya, .... . .............. •. .. • . . .... ... .... 6 Lieata, ......................... .. ......... 71 Licata, Frankino, ........................... 210 Lions Club, Sliema, ........................ 214n La Steri, see Palazzo Chiaramonte, Palermo Lombardo, Don Gi lio, .. . . . . . . . . ........ 197 Lombardy, ................................ 235 Ludolph of Saxony, ........... ............ .. 20 1 Luni jata Valley, Rabat, see Wied Liemu, Rabat Luttrell Anthony T., ............... 178n, 190, 231 Luqa, ............... . ...•................ 125

M

Macedonia, ............... ..•.•.• . • . . ..... 20 I Madonna tal·Ghar Valley, ...........•........ 48 Madrid, .................. , . • . . . . .......... 32 Magazines Street, Mdina, ....•. . . . . . . . ....... 125 Maimuna, ................................. 10 Maio of Bari, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... 32, 38n Main Gate, Mdina, ............ 27, 129n, 160, 178n Malatesta, Margarita, ................ . ..... 150n Malf, see Hakim, Jacobo Mamo, Don Gregorio, ........ , . • . •..... ..... 154 Manduca, Andrea, .......•. • ............ 143, 209 Manduca Family, ............. , . , ., ........ 135 Mangiani, Geronimo, ............ . . ..... , ... 236 Mangion, Anthony, ........ . ... ..... ....... 214n

Marfa Ridge, ........... . . . ... . . .. . ......... 74 Marsa, ........ •.• . ............. . .... 3,92, 13 Marsascala, ............................... 192 Marsaxlokk, ............................. 8, 192 M=~.. ..~

Matmata, ............................. 40, 54n, Mdina, passim throughout the text Melite, city of, ............ . ...... 2, 3, 10, 199 MelJieha, . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. 48, 71. 192, 200 Mercieca, Fra Gionanni Antonio, ......... . .... 228 Messina, .............................. 32, 147 Messina, Aldo, ............ . . ... . . . , ........ 61 Mgieban, ................. . ..........•.... 48 Mesquita Street, Mdina, ....... . .... ........ 11 6 MicaIJef, Don Pancratius, .................... 134 Milan, ........................... 102 Milite Bernardo Street, Gozo Citadel, ... 26, 109, 123 Mi ll Street , AUard, ...... . ....... II Monreale, ................ . . . . . . . .......... 50 Monroy, Don Gonsalvo, ............. . ....... 116 Monterosso Almo, Rausa, ....... ... .. ........ 63 Mosta, ............... . .............. 48, 184 Mqabba, ...•........................... 23, 85 Mtanleb, . ............ . .. , .• . • .• . . ......... 44 Mtarfa, ............. , . ... . .. .. ...... ..... . 87 Murray, Margaret, .......................... 84 Musee de Cluny, . .......................... 32 Musea Comunale, Termini lmerese, ........... 130n Museo Nazionale di Palazzo Bellomo, Syracuse, . 220 Museu Episcopal, Vie, Barcellona, ..... . ....... 206 Museu Nacional d' Art de Catalunya, ........... 219

N

Nahhalija, .......................... . ... 48 Naples, ................................... 235 National Museum of Fine Arts, Valleua, ......... 61 Naxxar, ................... . ......... 93, 106 Naxxar Parish Church Museum, . . . . . . . . .. . ... 204 Near East, ........................... ..... . 50 Nerez, Macedonia, ................... . ..... 20 I Nile Delta, ................................ 58 Norman House, see Palazzo Falsane North Africa, ................... 11 , 12, 18,46,88 North Street, Birgu, ... ...................... 121

o OspedaJe di San Francesco, Rabat , see Santa Spirito

Hospital, Rabat, 154 Our Saviour Street, Mdina, ...... . ..... ... 11 3, 116

275

p Ramla Bay, Gozo, ..................... 160, 178n Rhodes, ......................... , ........ 158

Palazzo Bellomo, Syracuse, ...... , .. . ... Ill, 129n Palazzo Chiaramonte, Palermo, .. .. . . . . ... 119,121 Palazzo Ciampoli, Taormina, ................. 111 Palazzo Corvaia, Taormina, ........... , ..... 129n Palazzo Desguanez, ..................... 116-118 Palazzo Falsone, Mdina, . 23, 106, 112-116, 118, 175 Palazzo Gatto-Murina, ............... 110-112, 115

Robert Guiscard, ........... . ........... ..... 76 Rocea, La, Mdina, see La Rocea. Roger n, King of Sicily, ............ 10, 18,40,58 Roger de Hautville, Count of Sicily, .... 18,76, 144 Rome, ..................................... 6 Royas, Fra Martino, Bishop, .. ........ . . ..... . 176 Ruggiero Lauria, ............ .. . ... .. ....... 26

PaIazzo Inguanez, see Palazzo Desguanez PaIazzo MontaIto, Syracuse, ..... . ........ . 23 Palazzo Policarini, Enna, .................... 11 2 s Palazzo Santa Sofia, Mdina, ...... ..... ....... 21 Palmer, Archbishop William, ................. 32 Saint (San, San!', Santo, S.) see also Church Palermo, ................. 20, 23, 32, 58,133,143 - Agrippina di Nineo, ..................... 214n Pantalleria, .... . . ..................... 59 - Anthony the Abbot, ............ .... ... ... 190 Paolino de Malta, ............... , ...... 154 - Augustine, ...... ........ . .. ......... ... 160 Papalla, Nicolo, .. . ................... , .... 155 - Catald, ........ . ............... 65, 75, 102 Pasqualino, see Bisqallin - Cyriaca, ............... . ............... 82n Paulus de Peregrino, . , . .... , . , . . ...... 154 - Brancato of Taormina, .. , ............ . .... . 76 Peire Yidal, ............. ,.,. , ., ....... 18, 119 - Louis of France, ........... . . . ... ... . . .... 32 Periconus, Frater, ...................... .. . 170 - Jerome, .......... ... . . ... .... ........... 32 Persia, . .... ........ ... ....... ...... , ., .... 50 - Leonard, .............. .. ........ 76, 102, 190 Pescatore, Enrico, see EnrieD Pecatare - Margaret of Antioch, ............... ..... 214n PiITi, Raceo, ...................... .. , ...... 59 - Nicholas, ............. . . . . . . . . . . 102 Poeta, Nicholaus, ........ ,. , . .. ... , ., . , .. ... 122 - Nicholas of Bari, see Nicholas Portalrubro, Mgr., ....... ,. , ................ 139 - Nicolas of Myra, see Nicholas Portelli, Petro, ....... , . , . . ... . ............. 48 - Pancratius, see Brancato of Taormina Provence, .............. . .. , . , . , .. ........ 102n - Peter, .............................. 75, 132 Puglia, ....... .................. ... .. 44, 102 - Rossinianus , ............................ 160 Pullicino, Can Paolo, ......... ,. , . . ..... 219,220 - Victor of Marseilles, ........ . ............. 32 Puzallo, .............. . . ,.,.,.... . . . ..... 184 - Yictor of Milan, ... . ... ......... . .. 32

St Paul's Bay, .... .. . .... .. . . .......... 3 St Peter Street, Mdina, .... .......... . ... 124, 171

Q Salentino Peninsula, ......... .... . ..... ..... 102 Saliba, Jacabo, ........... ...... ............ 184

Qasr Habashi, Tunisia, ...... , .. .............. 10 Qattara, 11-, ...............•. . ... . ......... 55n Qormi, ............... . ................ 93, 193 Qrendi, . . . . . . . ......................... 154 Quarters Street, ............................ 109 Quentin d'Autun, Abbe Jean, ..... 44,121,159,174

Saguna, Nardu, ............................ 232 San Gwann, ..... ................. ..... .... 76 San Leonardo, see Santu Leonardu, Rabat Santu Leonardu, Rabat, . . . . . . . . . . .... 77, 170 Santa Sofia Street, Mdina, ....... ........ 124, 125 Santo Spirito Hospital, Rabat, ..... .. ..... 154, 156 Sannat, ...... ..... .. ......... . ............ 190 Saqqajja, ..... .... ...... ... .......... 160, 178n

R Sarrazin, Raoul, ........... . ... ...... ..... . . 32 Selmun, ...... ............ ... ...... .... . .. 48 Senatore de Mello, Bishop, ..... . ............ 178n

Rabat, Gozo, ............................ 10, 25 Senglea, .................................. 158 Rabat, Malta, ..... 2, 4, 9, 11,40, 51, 68, 69, 76, 106, Scicluna, Hannibal, . . . . . . . . ............ 48

108, et passim Sicily, .. 10, 11, 12, 18,27,34,40,41,46,50,58,59, Raficano, Don Jacobus, ........... . . . ........ 106 75,76,88,89,92, 132, 133, 156 Ragusa, ..................... . . . ..... . ..... 63 Siggiewi, ............... 68,90,95,154,183, 188 Ranal Antun, ....................... ... ..... 85 Sillato, Bartolomeo, ........................ 134 Ranal Niklusi, see Hal Kbir Sillato, Luca, ........................ 178n, 180n Rahal Zuchar, .............................. 40 Simblija, ls-, .. . .. . . . . • .... .. . . ..... .. . . 51-54. Rahel, widow of Xalomo Attun, .... .. . ........ 107 Sinam, Pasha, .................... . ....... 178n

276

Slampa. see Curmi. Matteo Sousse, Tunisia, ............. . . .............. 10 South Africa, .......... ,., ................. 44 South italy, ........ . . . .... , . ... ..... 46.76, 102 Spain, ..................................... 12 Subtilis, Davide, ...... . ........... .. ....... 226 Syracuse, ................... 23, 32, 58, I I I, 133 Syria, .......• ... ... . . . . ..... .. ........ 58, 88

T

Ta' Baldu ......... .. .. ... ... " ....... 18-19,54 Ta' Giampula, .. , ...... . .....•............. 68 Ta' Ceppuna, . .. , .......... .. ..•... . . . ..... 92 Ta' Qali, ......... . ........ . . . ...... . ...... 92 Ta' Zuta, ......... . ..... . . . ................ 69 Tabuni, Isolda, ............ . ................ 164 Tabuni, Paolo, ................ ......... .... 164 Tabuni, Don Renaldo, ...... . . . ..... . , ....... 199 Tal Baqqari, .............. .. .. . ......... 84, 95 Tal Gharghar, .. . ........ . . . ........... 192, 193 Tal Hlas ............. . • .. .. . . . . .. .......... 93 Tal Maqluba, ........... . .. .......... 85 Tal Merola, Mtahleb, ....... . . . .............. 44 Tax Xwejki . .......... ... ... . .. . .•...... ... 93 Taormina, ...... . ... .. . .. ............. 75, Ill, Taranto, ...... . .........•. . . . ..... 65, 102 Tartarni, ............ . •.. .. . . ..... . .... 192,193 Telesino, Alberto, ...... .•.•..... . .. ....... . 38n Termini !merese, ......... ........ . 50, 130n Theodosius the Great, ........ . ................ 8 Tortello, .............. " " ... " " ......... 132 Trump, David, ............ . ............ .. . . 193

v Vaccaro, Paolo, ..............•. . . . . . ...... . 232 Vagnolo, Antonio, ... . ...... . . .. ........ 133, 134 Val d'Erice, ............. .. . .. . . . . . ......... 88 Val di Fiemme, Venice, .......... . . ..• ... 19, 134 Val di Nato, ............................... 58 Valletta, ................. .. ..... .... . ..... 123 Vassallo, Don Jacobo, .............. . ... . .... 106 Vassallo, Mgr. Vincenzo . ....... . . .. . ....... 178n Veil a, Agata, ................ .. . .... ... .... 106 Vella, Paola, ...... . ..... .. ... ........... .. 164 Vella, Randino, ............. . .............. 164 Venice, ........................... 19, 132,134 Verdala Palace, Boschetto, .............. .... . 243 Verdalle, Fra Hughes de Loubenx, Grand Master, .. 48 Via M. Bonello, Palermo, .. . . ... ...... . .. .... 124 Vic, Barcellona, ............................ 206 Victor and Nicolaus, Venetian bell founders, ..... 132 Vidal, Peire, see Peire Vidal

Villiers de 1'Isle Adarn, Philippe, Grand Master, ...... .......... 113, lIS, 158, 237

Villegaignon Street, Mdina, ...... 24, Ill, 112, 115, 117,125

w Ward Perkins, John, ........ .. . . , .... .... 92, Ill, Wardija ta' San Gorg, .................... 71 Wettinger, Godfrey, . . ....•. . ...... .. .. 15n, 129n Wied il-Ghasel , ............................. 74 Wied I=Iazrun, .............................. 51 Wied Liemu, .... . . . .......... . ... 170, 179n, 184 Wied Piskru, .. . . ..... . . ............... 48 Wied ir-Rum. . ................... ... ... 55n, 78 Wied Ziri, ..................... . .... 184 Wignacourt Collegiate Museum, Rabat, .......... 30 William I of Sicily, ......... . ........... . .. 38n

x Xaghra, Gozo, ......... .. ..... . . . ......... 178n Xeberasi, Francesco, .. . ... . . . ... . . ... . .. . 150n Xewkija, Gozo, ... ........... . . . . .... 10, 86, 92 Xlendi Bay. Gozo, ........ .. . . •.......... 30,78

y

Ylarius, Bishop of Malta, see I1arius, Bishop of Malta Ysolda de Landino, ......................... 154

z Zafarana, Johannes, .............• . . . . . ...... . 58 Zammit, Charles George, .......... . ........ 215n Zammit, Francisco, ............. . ........... 210 Zammit, Fra Giuseppe • ........ . ........... .. 160 Zammit, Themistoc1es, .... ......... .. 38n, 86, 128 Zeberase, Antonio, . ......•. . ...... . ..... .. 150n Zebbiegh, ........... . ..................... 69 Zebbug, ... . ...................... 92, 106, 193 Zejtun, .................... 23, 93, 132, 182, 192 Zenka Street, Gozo Citadel, ......... ..... 109 Zurchi, Fra Pietro, .......... .... 137, 138, 163, 164 Zurrieq. .. ............... ....... 84, 92, 93, 188 Zurrieq-Qrendi Road, ... "" . .. ............. 125

277