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Arrow at a Glance
Founded: 1935
Ticker Symbol: ARW (New York Stock Exchange)
Web Site: www.arrow.com
2014 Sales: $22.7 billion
Employees: 16,500
Locations: Global network of more than 470 locations in 55 countries and territories
Corporate Headquarters: Englewood, Colorado
Customers: 115,000
Suppliers: 12,000
Fortune 500 Rank: 131
Arrow Suppliers
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Questions for the IoT Technologies
What is the current capability of the existing IoT technologies?
Have the IoT technologies been applied to satisfy every aspect of our needs?
What could be the next step of the IoT future development?
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Outlines
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1. IoT Market Segmentation Review
2. Porter’s 4 Capabilities of Smart Connected Things
3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of 8 Human Needs
4. IoT Market Analysis using a Unique Need-Capability-Matrix
5. Future of the IoT Development
1. IoT Market Segmentation Review
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– The IoT Landscape from
Goldman Sachs Global
Investment Research:
• Wearables
• Connected Cars
• Connected Homes
• Connected Cities
• Industrial Internet
• Transportation
• Oil & Gas
• Healthcare
• ……
1. IoT Market Segmentation Review
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– Industrial Classification from United Nation Statistics Division:
• A – agriculture, forestry and fishing
• B – mining and quarrying
• C – manufacturing
• D – electricity, gas, stream and air conditioning supply
• E – water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
• F – construction
• G – wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles
• H – transportation and storage
• I – accommodation and food service activities
• J – information and communication
• K – financial and insurance activities
• L – real estate activities
• M – professional, scientific and technical
activities
• N – administrative and support service
activities
• O – public administration and defense;
compulsory social security
• P – education
• Q – human health and social work activities
• R – arts, entertainment and recreation
• S – other service activities
• T – activities of households as employers;
undifferentiated goods- and services-
producing activities of households for own use
• U – activities of extraterritorial organizations
and bodies
1. IoT Market Segmentation Review
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– IoT Market Segments for Investigation
Connected Planet
Industrial Internet
Connected Cities
Connected Homes
Connected Cars
Wearables
• Satellite
• Aerospace
• Healthcare Mining
• Transportation Energy
• Manufacturing Water Process
• Government Financial Services
• Retail Education
• Hospitality Information
• Appliances
• Utilities
• Buildings
2. Porter’s 4 Capabilities of Smart Connected Things
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– New
Technology
Stack for
Smart
Connected
Things
2. Porter’s 4 Capabilities of Smart Connected Things
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Autonomy
Optimization
Control
Monitoring
• Sensors and external data sources enable the comprehensive monitoring;
• Monitoring also enables alerts and notifications of changes.
• Software embedded in the product or in the product cloud enables control of product function, and personalization of the user experience.
• Monitoring and control capabilities enable algorithms that optimize product operation and use.
• Combining monitoring, control and optimization allows: • Autonomous product
operation; • Self-coordination of
operation with other products and systems;
• Autonomous product enhancement and personalization;
• Self-diagnosis and service.
3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of 8 Human Needs
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Transcen
Self-actual
Aesthetic
Cognitive
Esteem
Love & belonging
Safety
Biological and physiological
Transcendence – help others to achieve self-actualization.
Realize personal potential, self-fulfillment, …
Appreciate and search for beauty, balance, form, sensory stimulation…
Knowledge, curiosity, understanding, meaning, …
Self-respect, achievement, attention, recognition, reputation.
Romantic, family, friends, study/work, fans/customers, pet, …
Security of environment, resources, financial situation, employment, …
Air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sleep, sex, excretion,…
4. IoT Market Analysis using a Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.1. Construct a Need-Capability-Matrix, used as a comparison metrics.
Capability / Needs
Biological & physiological
Safety Love & belonging
Esteem Cognitive
Aesthetic
Self-actualization
Transcendence
Monitoring
Control
Optimization
Autonomy
4. IoT Market Analysis using a Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.2. Choose IoT application (products and solutions) resources
• From publically known companies active on AllSeen Alliance, Open
Interconnect Consortium, IoT Consortium…
• Targeting end consumers or customers;
• Involving smart, connected hardware designs;
• Total 247 IoT applications for this analysis, covering from small startups’
products to large enterprises’ solutions.
4.3. Map IoT application resources into the Need-Capability-Matrix
• Map each IoT product / solution into one matrix space, depending on its major characteristics.
• Some mixed characteristic examples:
• Clothes / Shoes vs. Health / Wellbeing – Hexoskin Biometric Shirt
• Resources’ Safety vs. Food & Drink – GE Predictivity for Food Safety Assurance
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.1. Biological & Physiological Needs vs. Capabilities
Capability / Bio & phy
Air / oxygen
Food & Drink
Clothes / shoes
Shelter Warmth Sleep Sex Excretion
Monitoring
Control
Optimization
Autonomy
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.1. Biological & Physiological Needs vs. Capabilities
Air/Oxyen
Food & Drink
Clothes & Shoes
Shelter
Warmth
Sleep
Sex
Excretion
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.2. Safety Needs vs. Capabilities
Capability / Safety needs
Environment’s security
Resources’ security
Financial security
Employment security
Health / wellbeing
Emotional security
Morality security
Monitoring
Control
Optimization
Autonomy
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.2. Safety Needs vs. Capabilities
Environment's Security
Resources' Security
Financial Security
Employment's Security
Health / wellbeing
Emotional Security
Morality Security
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.3. Love & Belonging Needs vs. Capabilities
Capability / love & belonging
Romantic attachment
Family Friendship / social
Study / work
Fans / customers
Religious community
Pet
Monitoring
Control
Optimization
Autonomy
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.3. Love & Belonging Needs vs. Capabilities
Romantic Attachment
Family
Friendship / Social
Study / Work
Fans / Customers
Religious Community
Pet
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.4. Esteem Needs vs. Capabilities
Capability / Esteem needs
From others: status, fame, prestige
From others: recognition, attention
Self-respect: strength, competence, mastery
Self-respect: self-confidence
Self-respect: freedom and independence
Monitoring
Control
Optimization
Autonomy
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.4. Esteem Needs vs. Capabilities
From Others: fame, prestige
From Others: recognition..
Self-respect: competence, mastery
Self-respect: confidence
Self-respect: freedom..
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.5. Cognitive / Aesthetic / Self-Actualization / Transcendence Needs
vs. Capabilities
Capability / Needs
Cognitive Needs
Aesthetic Needs
Self-actualization Needs
Transcendence Needs
Monitoring
Control
Optimization
Autonomy
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.5. Cognitive / Aesthetic / Self-Actualization / Transcendence Needs
vs. Capabilities
Cognitive Needs
Aesthetic Needs
Self-Actualization
Transcendence
4.3. Map IoT applications into the Need-Capability-Matrix
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4.3.6. Human Needs vs. Capabilities
Aerospace
Water Process
Energy
Mining
Manufacturing
Transportation
Healthcare
Information
Education
Financial Services
Retail
Government
Buildings
Utilities
Appliances
Cars
Wearables
Biological Safety Love&Belong Esteem Cognitive Aesthetic Self-actual Transcendence
Monitoring
Control
Optimization
Autonomy
4.4. Need-Capability-Matrix Mapping Outcomes
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– Wearables
• Wearables play well to satisfy human’s all levels of needs, however, their capabilities only remain at the monitoring and control level.
– Cars
• Cars mainly target on our safety needs, gradually consider the cognitive and aesthetic needs, and start to address the esteem needs with autonomous cars.
– Connected Homes
• Appliances – biggest player in the biological needs, major player in the safety and aesthetic needs, some presence in the love & belonging and cognitive needs; also, the autonomy capability is reached to meet our biological and safety needs somehow.
• Utilities & Buildings – some applications meet the biological and safety needs, and the aesthetic need is lightly touched on.
4.4. Need-Capability-Matrix Mapping Outcomes
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– Connected Cities
• Government – a few applications address the safety needs, and just
reach the optimization level.
• Retail – some applications target the safety, cognitive, and aesthetic
needs, and just attain the optimization function.
• Financial Services – fairly play in the safety and esteem needs, the
optimization capability has been achieved.
• Education – only play the monitoring role for the safety needs, and gain
the optimization level for the esteem and cognitive needs.
• Information – achieve the optimization level for the love & belong, and
cognitive needs.
4.4. Need-Capability-Matrix Mapping Outcomes
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– Industrial Internet
• Healthcare – cover the safety, love & belonging, esteem, and cognitive
needs; nearly all perform at the optimization level.
• Transportation – big player in the safety needs, small role in the esteem
needs with the optimization and cognitive needs with the autonomy.
• Manufacturing – meet the safety needs; touch on the optimization level.
• Mining & Water Process – address the esteem needs with the
optimization functionality.
• Energy – play in the safety needs at the optimization level, and in the
esteem and cognitive needs with the autonomy capability.
– Connected Planet
• Aerospace – start to meet the cognitive needs at the control level.
5. Future of the IoT Development
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– Biological & Physiological Needs
• Put more thoughts into the food & drink, clothes & shoes, and sleep needs,
especially focus on enhancing with the autonomy capabilities;
• Start to look into human sexual and excretion needs.
– Safety Needs
• Work on protecting the environment, resources and health, with the
autonomy capability;
• Start to address the employment, emotional, and morality security.
– Love & Belonging Needs
• Enhance the romantic attachment, family, friendship / social, pet
relationships with the optimization and autonomy capabilities;
• Realize the autonomy for the study / work, fan / customer relationships.
• Start to target the religious communities.
5. Future of the IoT Development
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– Esteem Needs
• Start to develop applications to enhance the esteem, such as fame, prestige
and recognition, and to improve self-respect confidence, freedom…
– Cognitive and Aesthetic Needs
• Work on satisfying the cognitive needs, with the autonomy capability;
• Explore how to meet the aesthetic needs, with the optimization and
autonomy capabilities.
– Self-Actualization & Transcendence Needs
• Start to think about how to satisfy these needs with IoT applications.