iRam Technologies Creating the Future!TM

The Internet of Things The Next Big Thing on the Planet Earth!

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Future for the next generations; Comfort for the presentThe Problem

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Environment challenges Global warming Judicious usage of natural resources

Societal challenges Health monitoring for aging people Improving the living standards

Better quality, productivity and new business models Improvements and consistency in quality and productivity Insights into real-world in real-time leading to new businesses

Safety and security Dissemination of vital information in real time Safety and security of people with privacy

Internet of Things to bring the technology closer to the peopleThe Solution

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Underlying technologies WPANs (e.g. IEEE 802.15.4), IPv6, CoAP RFIDs, sensors, smart-handhelds and real-time web

Internet of Things Internet enabled objects that interacts with the environment Provides insights into the real-world in real-time

A new paradigm in communication Thing-to-person and vice versa Thing-to-thing

The application scope 70 billion machines, only 1% are connected Enables the next trillion connections

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Datalink Layer

Physical Layer

Designing for Reusability and Scalability is the key.

Simple, secured and scalable peer-to-peer two-way connectivitySystem Architecture and Components

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The Connected Things

Edge Router

Management System

End User Applications

Internet

Low-power, Low-range, Low-rate connectivity

Backhaul

Small memory capacity Usually 4K or 8K bytes, may go up to 256K bytes

Limited Processing Capacity Typically 8-bit processors with clock rates around 10 MHz 16-bit and 32-bit cores (typically ARM7), at tens of MHz

Low power Normally battery-operated Most of the times CPU will be in sleep mode RF unit often have a current draw of about 10 to 30 mA

Limited capability; Specific functionalityTypical Characteristics of IoT Nodes

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Low range Typical range 10 meters, can reach over 100 meters in LoS

Low bit rate Maximum over-the-air rate of 250K bit/s In practice, few by bytes per minute or even per hour

Network size One to thousands of nodes

Installation Nodes can be scattered randomly or organized The deployment can occur at once, or as an iterative process

Power source Battery-powered or mains-powered or Hybrid solutions Power harvesting from solar cells or other sources of energy

Network considerations for the Internet of ThingsDeployment Considerations ...

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Connectivity Always connected, intermittent, or sporadic

Traffic Pattern Point-to-multipoint, multipoint-to-point, and point-to-point

Security May carry sensitive information Availability, integrity, and confidentiality need to be controlled

Mobility Inherent to the wireless characteristics of IoT Nodes could move or be moved or induced

Network considerations for the Internet of ThingsDeployment Considerations

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Quality-of-Service For mission-critical application QoS is mandatory QoS support in resource-constrained nodes is a challenge

Multi hop communication Single hop may be sufficient for simple star-topologies Multi-hop is required for mesh or tree topologies

Mobility The objects are being more and more wirelessly connected Some nodes may be attached to be carried by mobile entities

Heterogeneity Different types of nodes with different types of connectivity Various types of information and applications

The top trends being exhibited by the Internet of ThingsThe IoT Trends

Scale The number of nodes would grow billions to trillions IoT will be common denominator across the humans and things

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Horizontalization Nodes may be participating in multiple applications Provides a greater opportunity to develop variety of applications

The role of IPv6 in building the Internet of ThingsThe Diversity and Bridging

The diversity Incompatible hardware configurations Incompatible CPUs and architectures Incompatible memory footprints Different types of operating systems Different types of connectivity Ethernet, ZigBee, HomePlug, IEEE 802.15.4, WiFi, PLC

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IPv6 - Bridging the diversity Open standards Everything-over-IPv6-over-Everything Unique and uniform addressing Simple network architecture Seamless web services End-to-end security Existing resources and knowledge

IP/ICMP (v6)

IEEE 802.15.4 PLC Eth/WiFi 3G/WiMAX

App nApp 2App 1 App 3

TCP/UDP

Application Layer

Transport Layer

Network Layer

Datalink Layer

Physical Layer

IPv6 Layer

6LoWPAN

Industrial Monitoring To increase productivity, efficiency, and safety Machine Surveillance, asset tracking and storage monitoring

Smart Grid Enables smooth and efficient delivery of electricity AMI, DSM, Green energy integration and energy management Saves energy, reduces cost and increases reliability

For creating the futureThe Applications ...

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Agriculture Monitoring Accurate temporal and spatial monitoring Reduced water, energy, and pesticide usage; Better productivity

Smart Cities Sustainable urban development; Eco-friendly infrastructure Water, land, skills and energy resources optimization

Connected Home Home safety, security, automation and control Smart appliances and home entertainment systems

Healthcare Patient care in hospitals and at home Tele-assistance for aging and rural citizens

Telematics Improvement of safety of transporting systems Fleet management and traffic flow optimization

To bring technology closer to the peopleThe Applications

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Safety and Security Periodic monitoring of the architecture status Emergency warning information,

Improved citizen's quality of life Healthcare from anywhere Better safety, security and productivity

New business opportunities IoT can be used in every vertical for improving the efficiency Creates new businesses, and new and better jobs

Future for the next generations; Comfort for the presentThe Benefits of Internet of Things

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Economical growth Billions of dollars in savings and new services

Improved competitiveness Competitive in providing cutting edge products/services

Better environment Saves natural resources and trees Helps in creating a smart, greener and sustainable planet

Privacy and protection of personal data A key for the acceptance of IoT A mechanism is required for continuos monitoring

Standards mandate IoT System architecture and components Standards to be used in the systems for interoperability

IoT as vital resource for economy and society IoT will have wider impact on economy and society Close follow up may be required

The governance of the Internet of ThingsThe Role for Public Authorities ...

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Object identification and information access End-to-end addressing, Information access and security Ethical and legal framework and stake holders accountability

Institutional awareness Challenges posed and opportunities provided by IoT Bring awareness among government, industry and institutions

Public private partnership IoT addresses wide societal problems A good candidate for PPP, R&D and pilot projects

International dialogue Many IoT system and applications can be borderless Dialogue on architecture, standards and governance

The governance of the Internet of ThingsThe Role for Public Authorities

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Assessment of evolution Monitoring the introduction of IoT related technologies Assessment of their impact on the economy and the society

Big data and applications Information gathering, storage, analysis and inference Applications, services, and business models Security, trust, and privacy to protect data

Management system Scalability - capability in handling millions of things Object, device and service management Easy-to-use location based management

IoT implementation challenges for research & developmentThe Challenges

Connectivity Seamless connectivity with mobility Scalability and performance assessment Interoperability

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Syam Madanapalli syam@iramtechnologies.net

+91 959 175 7926

Thank You

Bringing Technology Closer to You!TM

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Date: 4-May-2012