THE IDEOLOGY OF NAZISM

HITLERsome aspects of his biography

He was born in Braunau, an Austrian village in the border between

Austria and Baviera.

He belong to a catholic-bourgeoisie family.

He never finished his studies in the Secondary School.

In Viene, he worked as a day laborer.

He tried to join the Academy of Arts in Vienna but he was rejected.

He joined the Army.

He took part in a fascist bavarian party.

ORIGIN OF THE NAZI IDEOLOGY

After the failure of the «putsch of Munich» in 1923, Hitler was imprisioned.– In jail, he dictated his book

“Mein Kampf”, the Bible of Nazism. He dictated it to his chauffeur, Emile Maurice, with the colaboration of his lieutenant Rudolf Hess.

Ideas of Nazism in “Mein Kampf”

Cult of the supreme leader– The Führer is shown as an infallible person.– He introduced the compulsory salute:“Heil Hitler”– A more intense cult than the one of the italian leader.

Primacy of the State: state omnipotence Exaltation of violence.

Ideas of Nazism in “Mein Kampf”

Exaltation of youth:– Hitler youth: camaraderie, obedience, sense of duty.

Control of the education:– Indoctrinate youth in racist theories,

anti-Semitism and militarism.– Teachers had to belong to the

Association of Nazi Teachers.

Ideas of Nazism in “Mein Kampf”

Introduction of traditional values:– Women were considered just to have children and

to do the housework.

Ideas of Nazism in “Mein Kampf”

Racism– The pith of Nazism.– Aim: ensure the social cohesion.

Subsitute the division in social classes by the racial unity and racial supremacy.

Racist and racial conception of history.– Theory spread from the end of 19th century: the belief in

the existence of inferior and superior races.

Ideas del Nazismo en “Mein Kampf”

Racism– A superior race: The Aryan race.

Hitler thought that the German people belonged to the Aryan race.

– According to him, this race had done the biggest creations of Humanity.

– Inferior races: Latins, Slavs, Gypsi, and,

above all, JEWS.

Racism: The Aryan Race

The Aryan race from the Nazi point of view is formed by all the genuine inhabitants of Europe.

The Aryan race is an homogeneous race with an enormous variety of phenotypes which make it a strong and rich genetically race.

Racism: The Aryan Race

The Aryan race is divided into three sub-racial groups: – Alpine – Mediterranean– Nordic.

Every group has a part of the other group .

Racism: The Aryan Race

The Aryan race has been considered as the best qualified race for the development of the civilizations and their own cultural and technological advances.

A depiction of the "pure Aryan" family on the cover of the 1938 calendar published by Neues Volk, the magazine of the Nazi Party's Race Political Office. Note the eagle hovering in the background.

A depiction of the "pure Aryan" family on the cover of the 1938 calendar published by Neues Volk, the magazine of the Nazi Party's Race Political Office. Note the eagle hovering in the background.

Racism: The Aryan Race

The origin of the Aryan race goes back thousands of years ago in the routes of the center of Asia which occupied Europe with their migrations and over time new cultures were created and the Indoeuropean languages diversified.

Source: http://es.metapedia.org/wiki/Raza_aria

Racism

For Hitler, the mixture of races, and especially the presence of Jewish population, explained the decadence of Germany.

The periods of progress of Humanity are periods of racial purity.

When the superior race is mixed with other inferior races, a period of decadence starts.

Racism

For Hitler, the meeting of the German people in a Great Germany is a reality written in the natural order of the historic events.

To achieve it, it is necesary to take down the enimy race.

If the Aryan superiority was fulfilled, the conflicts would disappear and the internationalism and the class struggle would loose their sense.

Racism

What was the priority for Hitler?: – Give back the racial purity to the population:

Eliminate the individuals with phisical handicaps, or, at least, prevent marriage or descendence.

The insane, physical and psycological handicaped people and homosexuals were detained or assassinated.

– An euthanasia program was introduced: 72.000 people were killed.

An antisemitic policy was established.

Antisemitic policy

The Jewish people were the biggest group of victims.

The antisemitism was based on the fact that the Nazis identified the Jews with the economic monopolies of the post-war.

German Jews walking with the star of David.

Antisemitic policy

Nazi messures against the Jews:– 1933-1938:

Jews were forbidden to work in most of the jobs. They could hardly earn their lives.

1935: The laws of Nuremberg– The Jews were not considered German citizens anymore.– The intermarriage between the Jews and the Aryans were

forbidden.

Antisemitic policy

According to the origin of the four grandparents that a peson has, you were classified as: “German” (four German grandparents), Jewish (four Jewish grandparents) or mestizo, if you descended of one or two Jewish people. The Judaism of a person was determined by the religion of their parents.

http://www.taringa.net/posts/info/12995351/Leyes-de-Nuremberg.html

Antisemitic policy

Nazi messures againts Jews:– 1938: Radicalization of the antisemitism.

The night of Broken Glass– Lots of Jews were assassinated.– Their shops were looted.– Their sinagogues were burnt..– 26.000 Jews were sent to prison camps.

Antisemitic policy

Nazi messures againts Jews:– 1942: The high point

Hitler decided to apply the Final Solution:– Program of a total elimination of the Jewish population in

Europe.– All the Jews and the Gypsies were sent to extermination

camps (Auschwitz, Treblinka…) Six million Jewish people died there.

Antisemitic policy

Hitler had said:– «The world only belongs to the strong people who

apply final solutions. It doesn´t belong to the weak people with their half messures».

In 1942 Hitler applied the «Final solution»– All the Jews and Gipsy people from Germany and

Nazi-occupied countries were sent to extermination camps, where they were sistematically killed.

Antisemitic policy

More than 6 million Jews died in a planned genoicide known as the Holocaust.

Política antisemita

Gestapo: Hitler political policy.– Secret policy of the Nazi State.

They could detain and condemn to death without nobody (even judges) could prevent it.

Política antisemita

– Las S.S.: special policy for the Führer´s protection. It was finally a special policy for the secutiry of the State.

Isabel Aguña Profesora de Geografía e Historia Bilingual section