the HISTORY OF EVOLUTIONARY LIFE

EVO

LU

TIO

N

let us create a full year calendar on the side board.

this year represents the entire history of the earth

start at Jan 1st, 12:00AM - when earth cooled

end at December 31st, 11:59:59 PM - this exact second right now!!!

Cut-out the events

Place them (we will affix them later) in order, in approximate time of what you think

We will go thru as a class and you can paste them on and add any notes

Activity EVO

LU

TIO

N

4.65bya

earth cooled

very nasty place

no life

Earth Formed

EVO

LU

TIO

NUniverse

not on our timeline

Universe formed 12 - 15 bya

which would be 3-4 years ago

Estimated origin around 3.9billion years ago

end of Feb

Abiogenesis –see Miller-Urey experiment p. 242

First Cells EVO

LU

TIO

N3.465bya

March 29th

found in Australia

similar to present day cyanobacteria

Oldest Fossilized cells

3bya (May 6th)

very primitive

(no chloroplast yet)

Significance?

released O2 into atmosphere and starting changing the atmosphere

1st PhotosyntheticOrganisms

1.85bya

August 7th

probably developed earlier, but have not been found

FYI - 2/3rds of the entire history of the earth (3 BILLION YEARS), there was either no life or just unicellular life

Eukaryotic Cells in Fossils EV

OLU

TIO

N

of mitochondria

1.2bya

September 27th

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-FQmAnmLZtE

of chloroplast

1bya

October 12th

Endosymbiosis #1EV

OLU

TIO

N

Endosymbiosis #2

650mya

November 10th

very, very primitive, probably only a few cells

sponges

Multicellular Animals EVO

LU

TIO

N

570mya

Nov. 18th - early morning

Origin of Insects EVO

LU

TIO

N

565mya (for 40my)

November 17th - November 20th

all current animal groups can be traced to here

rapid evolution –many animal groups forming

WHY??? –

A huge increase of atmospheric O2

Cambrian ExplosionEVO

LU

TIO

N

360mya

Dec. 2nd - mid afternoon

Origin of Amphibians EVO

LU

TIO

NOrigin of Reptiles300mya

Dec. 7th - early morning

Which group was most “successful” why and how do we know?

280mya

December 8th (late in the evening)

one giant super continent

FYI - the Sahara is moving northward about 1.5cm/year ... will be 1o north in 5 million years, resulting in a huge change of climate... it was at the south pole 450mya and has passed through every major climatehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQVoSyVu9rk

PANGEA EVO

LU

TIO

N

251mya

December 11th

largest extinction in history (FYI - there has been 5 major extinctions)

don’t know why; collision, volcanism, climate change, methane pockets exploding etc.

50-96% of all marine species, 40-80% of land specieshttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/03/2/quicktime/l_032_02.html

P-T Extinction EVO

LU

TIO

N

earliest dinosaurs - 250mya

December 11th, about 5AM

they ruled the earth for the next 185my (2 weeks!!)

Dinosaurs EVO

LU

TIO

N

200mya

Dec. 14th

Origin of Mammals EVO

LU

TIO

NOrigin of Birds150mya

Dec. 19th - early morning

These originated from Dinosaurs

130mya

December 20th

40my of rapid evolution of plant life

pollinating insects co-evolved

Flowering Plants EVO

LU

TIO

N

65mya

December 25th, about 9:10PM

asteroid/comet strikes earth

75% of all species

Geologically marked by iridium KT layer. giant Chicxulub Crater centered Yucatan

generally flying dino’s (ancestors of birds) and marine life (fish and sharks) lived.

lead to radiation of mammalian species ie. Horse, whales, bats, primateshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzvDat00ZzU

Cretaceous Paleogene Extinction (K-Pg or KT) EV

OLU

TIO

N

all modern primates (humans, monkeys, lemurs, etc.) evolved from a common ancestor around 30mya

December 31st, 2AM

humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor about 6mya (ie. “Ardi the ape/man transitional” Ardipithecus 6-5mya)

Dec. 31st, 1:00PM (lunchtime)

about 3 mya (ie. “Lucy” & Australopithecus afarencis)

Hominid genus establishes

Humans EVO

LU

TIO

N

Hominid genus establishes about 2mya (2000 000 ya)

Homo sapien 200 000 ya in Africa

December 31st, about 11:42PM “modern humans”

Homo neanderthalis (closest species) - went extinct about 130tya (11:57PM)

100 000-20 000 ya H. sapien establish worldwide

5 000 ya ancient civilizations (mesopotamians, pyramids etc.)

Modern Humans EVO

LU

TIO

N

• Earth: A History video (1:31)

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pENq1ml2haA

• Solar syst formation and earth see 0-10min. moon at 6 min

• 9min cooling crust, water accumulates (meteors)