the great migration: british immigration 1815 - 50 canadian history

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The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

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Page 1: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

The Great Migration:British Immigration 1815 - 50

Canadian History

Page 2: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

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1000000

1806 1831 1851

Upper Canada

Lower Canada

Nova Scotia

New Brunswick

PEI

NL

Page 3: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

Why leave Europe?

The Napoleonic Wars ended in 1815 causing an economic depression & high unemployment

Massive population growth Higher life expectancy (more people were

surviving famines & disease due to new farming methods & better diets)

Page 4: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

Population Explosion Effects

Pop had outpaced economic opportunity

Land & jobs were scarce for many

People crowded into urban areas & lived in slums

Many decided to leave for America for better opportunities

Page 5: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

British Govt Reaction

Increased policies for emigration to solve the problems such as high unemployment, poverty, & social unrest

Page 6: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

Scotland

Many Scottish farmers were evicted from their homes in a process called clearances

Landlords reclaimed farmland from settlers & created huge sheep farms to provide wool for English textile mills

Over 50,000 Scots moved to Nova Scotia

Page 7: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

Ireland…..1840s

Potato was the main crop & staple of the Irish diet

Mid 1840s “potato blight” spread to Ireland & destroyed the crops

Famine set in killing approx. 1 million Irish between 1847-51

In 1847 over 90,000 emigrated to BNA

Page 8: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

The Voyage Out

Immigrants arrived at Halifax, St. John, & Quebec

Cargo ships were used to bring the immigrants from Britain to earn extra profits

Cramped conditions, disease,

little food, sea sickness, death

“Coffin Ships”

Page 9: The Great Migration: British Immigration 1815 - 50 Canadian History

The Voyage Out (Pp 44-46)

Summarize the voyage to North America for:

An English gentlewoman Regular immigrants

Where is Grosse Isle?

What purpose did it serve?

Why was Canada considered a ‘poor man’s country” in the mid 1800s?