MAHARANA PRATAP EDUCATION CENTRE

S.ST PROJECT (SESSION 2015-16)APJ ABDUL KALAM

BIOGRAPHY

Submitted To:-Neetu ma’am

Submitted By:-Abhishek SinghClass- X-CRoll no.- 2

QUICK FACTS ABOUT APJ ABDUL KALAM

• Full name: Avul Parik Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam.• Famous as: President of India, Scientist.• Nationality: Indian.• Born on: 15 October 1931 AD.

Zodiac Sign: Libra.• Born in: Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu.• Works & Achievements:-

Served as the 11th President of India, wasChief Project Coordinator for Pokhran II nucleartests.

Little did Jainulabdeen and Ashiamma know that their son wouldgrow up to be the first citizen of India. An Indian scientist and

administrator, Kalam served as the 11th President of India from2002 until 2007.

CONTINUE………….One amongst the most respected people of thecountry, Kalam has contributed immensely both as a scientistand as a president. His contribution at the Indian SpaceResearch Organization (ISRO) has been immense. He wasresponsible for numerous projects such as Project Devil andProject Valiant and launch of the Rohini-1, besides developingmissiles under the missions Agni and Prithvi. For the same, hehas been popularly tagged as the “Missile Man of India”. Kalamhas been honored with great laurels and awards for his work byboth the Government of India and other countries. Currently,Kalam serves as a visiting professor in various esteemedinstitutes and universities of India.

CHILDHOOD• A.P.J. Abdul Kalam was born to Jainulabdeen and

Ashiamma on October 15, 1931. He came from a familywhose financial conditions weren’t sound enough. As ameans to support his family’s meagre income, Kalam tookup odd jobs in his childhood but never gave up on hiseducation.

EARLY LIFE AND CAREER

• He graduated from Saint Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalliin 1954 but not satisfied with his degree, he left forMadras later next year to study aerospace engineering.He enrolled at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT).

• After graduating from MIT, Kalam took up the position ofchief scientist at the Aeronautical DevelopmentEstablishment of Defense Research and DevelopmentOrganization (DRDO). However, the profile didn’t appealKalam much who shifted to the Indian Space ResearchOrganization (ISRO) where he was the project director ofIndia's first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle.

CONTINUE………..• His years at the ISRO were the most crucial ones, as they

left a lasting impact on him. Kalam lead many projects andturned out to be successful each time.In the 1970s, Kalam directed two projects, namely, ProjectDevil and Project Valiant, which sought to develop ballisticmissiles from the technology of the successful SLVprogramme.A milestone was achieved when locally built Rohini-1 waslaunched into space, using the SLV rocket. Upon watchingthe raving success of Kalam, the government agreed forinitiation of an advanced missile program under hisdirectorship. He played a pivotal role in developingmissiles under the missions Agni and Prithvi.

MISSILE MAN OF INDIA• Kalam was the Chief Executive of the Integrated Guided

Missile Development Program (I.G.M.D.P) whichresearched in simultaneous development of a quiver ofmissiles instead of taking planned missiles one by one.

• From 1992 until 1999, Kalam was appointed as the ChiefScientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and the Secretaryof Defence Research and Development Organisation. Itwas during this time that Kalam served as the ChiefProject Coordinator for Pokhran II nuclear tests, afterwhich he was fondly called the “Missile Man of India”.

MORE CAREER ACCOMPLISHMENT• Kalam succeeded K. R. Narayan to serve as the 11th

President of India from 2002 until 2007. It was a highlyone-sided contest. With his appointment, Kalam becamethe first scientist and first ever bachelor to occupy theRastrapati Bhawan.

• During his tenure as a President, Kalam was bothappreciated and criticised. The latter was mostly due tohis inaction in deciding the fate of 20 mercy petitioners.

BOOKS WRITTEN• In addition to all the profiles that Kalam holds, he has

authored numerous influential and inspirational books.Amongst all his books, “India 2020” was the widely readand appreciated one. It forecasted an action plan whichadvocated India turning into a knowledge superpower andas one of the developed nations of the world by the year2020. His other books include, “Ignited Minds”, “MissionIndia”, “Inspiring Thoughts” and “The Luminous Sparks”.

WORKS AGAINST CORRUPTION AND OTHERS

• In 2011, he launched his mission for the youth of thenation called the “What Can I Give Movement” with themain aim to defeat corruption in India.

WORKS FOR STUDIES

• Currently, Kalam serves as the visiting professor invarious esteemed institutes and universities of India, suchas Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad and Indore,Chancellor of Indian Institute of Space Science andTechnology Thiruvananthapuram, Aerospace Engineeringat Anna University (Chennai), JSS University (Mysore).

AWARDS ACHIEVED

• Kalam is the proud recipient of Padma Bhushan, PadmaVibhushan and Bharat Ratna awards from the Governmentof India. He received the same in the years 1981, 1990and 1997, respectively.

• In 1997, he was honored by the Government of India withthe Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration.

MORE AWARDS

• Later, the next year, he was awarded the Veer SavarkarAward by the Government of India.

• The Alwars Research Centre, Chennai bestowed Kalamwith the Ramanujan Award in the year 2000.

• Kalam was honored with the King Charles II Medal by theRoyal Society, U.K in 2007.

• The California Institute of Technology, U.S.A presentedKalam with the International von Kármán Wings Award inthe year 2009. Same year, he won the Hoover Medal by

ASME Foundation, USA.

OTHER ACHIEVEMENTS

• The IEEE honored Kalam with IEEE Honorary Membershipin 2011.

• Kalam is the proud recipient of honorary doctorates from40 universities.

• In addition to this, Kalam's 79th birthday was recognisedas World Students' Day by United Nations.

• He was nominated for the MTV Youth Icon of the Yearaward in 2003 and in 2006.

GREAT THOUGHTS

KALAM WAS WIDELY REFERRED TO AS "PEOPLE'S PRESIDENT". HE DIED AFTER HE COLLAPSED FROM AN APPARENT CARDIAC ARREST WHILE DELIVERING A LECTURE AT THE INDIAN INSTITUTE

OF MANAGEMENT SHILLONG ON 27 JULY 2015, AGED 83. HIS DEATH WAS MOURNED ACROSS THE NATION WITH THOUSANDS INCLUDING NATIONAL HIGH LEVEL DIGNITARIES ATTENDING THE

FUNERAL CEREMONY HELD IN HIS HOMETOWN RAMESHWARAM, WHERE HE WAS BURIED WITH FULL STATE HONOURS.

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