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The German Wine Market Prof. Dr. Dieter Hoffmann, Geisenheim University, 2014

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Page 1: The German Wine Marketacademyofwinebusiness.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/German_Wine... · Wine Production , Stocks, Export, Import, Consumption in Mio. hl 1) bis 1990 BRD, ab 1994/95

The German Wine Market

Prof. Dr. Dieter Hoffmann,

Geisenheim University, 2014

Page 2: The German Wine Marketacademyofwinebusiness.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/German_Wine... · Wine Production , Stocks, Export, Import, Consumption in Mio. hl 1) bis 1990 BRD, ab 1994/95

• Wine market • Import • Export • Structure (production, bottling) • Distribution • Margins, costs • Consumer behavior • Summary

Agenda:

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location of wine regions in Germany

Geisenheim

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Wine Market

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• Nr. 1 by imports 16 Mio. hl • Nr. 1 by sparkling wine consumpt. 4 l / head • Nr. 4 by total wine consumption 20 – 21 Mio. hl • Nr. 10 by wine production 9,5 Mio. hl • turnover retail level 7,0 Bill. € No wine tax (= EU wine tax: 0), only VAT, no limitation on trade: liberal

German wine market is …

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-75

-50

-25

0

25

50

75

I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIV I II IIIIVGeschäftserwartung(Sales Expectations)

Geschäftsklima(Economic Climate)

Geschäftslage(Economic Situation)

verbessert(increase)

verschlechtert(decrease)

6

2001 2002 2003 2004 2007 2008 2009 2005 2011 2013 2006 2010

Source: Institut für Betriebswirtschaft und Marktforschung der Hochschule Geisenheim

Economic situation in the German wine business … change to the previous year, Saldo +/- in %, Questionnaire from 150-200 companies, 1,5-1,8 Bill. €

2012

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Consumption of alcoholic beverages in Germany

*) Vorläufig, a) Schätzung. - b) Einschl. Wermut- und Kräuterwein (ohne Schaumwein); c) einschl. Spirituosen-Mischgetränke ** bis 1990 nur BRD, ab 1995 Deutschland gesamt, Source: ifo Institut und M. Breitenacher (auf der Grundlage von Daten der Branchenverbände).

0

20

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60

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160

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1950

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**

1995

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2012

a)

BeerLiter / Capita

Wine b) Sparkling Wine Spirits c) Beer

WineSparkling WineSpirits

Beer

Wine b)

Spirits

Sparkling Wine

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0

5

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50/5

151

/52

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353

/54

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/58

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/60

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/62

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/72

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373

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575

/76

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777

/78

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979

/80

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181

/82

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383

/84

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585

/86

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787

/88

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989

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/02

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303

/04

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505

/06

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707

/08

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909

/10

10/1

111

/12

12/1

313

/14*

Import

Export

Consumption, total

Mio. hl

stocks

German wine production1)

2) 3)

1) Wirtschaftsjahre 1.9. – 31.8.; 2) ab 1990/ einschl. der neuen Bundesländer; 3) ab der Periode 00/01 erstreckt sich das Wirtschaftsjahr vom 1.8. bis 31.7. , 4) Umstellungseffekt durch Einführung des Binnenmarktes Source: Weinmarktbilanz des Deutschen Weinbauverbandes und des Statistischen Bundesamtes, * estimation

4)

Wine- and sparkling wine market (total) in Germany Wine Production , Stocks, Export, Import, Consumption in Mio. hl

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1) bis 1990 BRD, ab 1994/95 Deutschland gesamt, Source: eigene Berechnungen und Daten der Weinmarktbilanz des Deutschen Weinbauverbandes und * Schätzung 9

17,2

6,2

4,1

11,0

3,2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1965

1970

74/7

5

79/8

0

84/8

5

89/9

0

94/9

5

95/9

6

96/9

7

97/9

8

98/9

9

99/0

0

00/0

1

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8

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9

09/1

0

10/1

1

11/1

2

12/1

3

13/1

4*

Wein gesamtTotal wine

WeißweinWhite Wine

Deutscher WeißweinGerman White Wine

Rot-/RoséweinRed/Roséwine

Deutscher Rot-/RoséweinGerman Red/Roséwine

Mio. hl

Still wine consumption

by color and origin

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Import of wine to Germany

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1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (nach Einführung des Binnenmarktes). Source: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7 und * Schätzungen

Wine import to Germany: categories (Volume)

11

0,0

2,0

4,0

6,0

8,0

10,0

12,0

14,0

16,0

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

*

TafelweinTable Wine

QualitätsweinQuality Wine

WeißweinWhite Wine

RotweinRed Wine

Wein gesamtWine Total

Mio. hl

1)

Still Wein Import gesamt

Tafelweine

Weißwein

Rot- u. Roséwein

Qualitätsweine, u. a. AOP, DOP's

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FlaschenweinBottled Wine

FassweinBulk Wine

Wein gesamtTotal

0,0

2,0

4,0

6,0

8,0

10,0

12,0

14,0

16,0

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

*

FlaschenweinBottled Wine

FassweinBulk Wine

Wein gesamtTotal

Mio. hl

1)

1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (nach Einführung des Binnenmarktes). Source: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7 und * Schätzungen

Wine import to Germany: (Volume) in bottles and bulk

12

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Source: Quelle: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7

Wine import to Germany: countries (volume)

13

0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

6.000.000

7.000.000

1950

1951

1952

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2011

2012

hl

FrankreichFrance

ItalienItaly

SpanienSpain

ÖsterreichAustria

Neue WeltNew World

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1)

14

1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (Einführung des Binnenmarktes). 2) geschätzter Wert aufgrund erforderlicher Korrekturen wegen falscher Zuordnung bei Meldungen. Source: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7, * Schätzungen

2)

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

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92

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*

Tafelwein weißTable Wine white

Tafelwein rot/roséTable Wine red/rosé

Qualitätswein weißQuality Wine white

Qualitätswein rot/roséQuality Wine red/rosé

Mio. hl

1)

2)

Import of bottled wines to Germany (volume)

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15

2)

1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (Einführung des Binnenmarktes). 2) geschätzter Wert aufgrund erforderlicher Korrekturen wegen falscher Zuordnung bei Meldungen. Source: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7; * estimation

0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

6,0

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

*

Mio. hl

Tafelwein weißTable Wine white

Tafelwein rot/roséTable Wine red/rosé

1)

2)

Import of bulk wines to Germany (volume)

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16

2)

1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (Einführung des Binnenmarktes).

Source: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7, * estimation

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1985

1986

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1993

1994

1995

1996

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1998

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2000

2001

2002

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2004

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2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

*

Tafelwein weißTable Wine white

Tafelwein rot/roséTable Wine red/rosé

€/ hl

1)

Import of bulk wines to Germany (value/l)

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Export of wine from Germany

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0

100

200

300

400

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600

700

800

900

1000

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

4,5

1950

1951

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1953

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*20

12*

Mio. €Mio. hl

Wein gesamt: Menge Deutscher Wein: MengeWein gesamt: Wert Deutscher Wein: Wert

Volume

Value

Export of wine from Germany (Volume und Value)

Source: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7 und * vorläufige Daten 18

Still wines, total

German wines

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1) Umstellungseffekt der statistischen Erfassung durch den Wegfall der Importformalitäten an den Grenzen (nach Einführung des Binnenmarktes). Source: Statistisches Bundesamtes, Außenhandel, Fachserie 7 und * estimation

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

*

TafelweinTable Wine

QualitätsweinQuality Wine

WeißweinWhite Wine

RotweinRed wine

Gesamttotal

QW weiß Flasche

Mio. hl

1)

19

Wein gesamt Total wine

Tafelwein Table wine

Weißwein White wine

Rotwein Red wine

Qualitätswein Quality wine

Wine export from Germany (volume)

Qualitätswein, weiß, Flasche

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Structure of the wine industry in Germany

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Baden 15837 ha

Franken 6109 ha

Pfalz 23445 ha Württemberg 11421 ha

Hess. Bergstraße 436 ha

Rheinhessen 26523 ha

Nahe 4155 ha

Mittelrhein 456 ha

Mosel -Saar- Ruwer 8871 ha

Ahr 559 ha

Saale-Unstrut 735 ha

Rheingau 3107 ha

Sachsen 478 ha

Wine regions in Germany: total acreage under vine (in ha) 102 200

Geisenheim

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22 Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, * estimation

Key figures of the wine production

0

20

40

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120

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2

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18

1980

1981

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2013

*

Mio. hl1000 Hektar

wine total

surface in production

Tafelwein Qualitätswein

Prädikatswein

Prädikatswein

(PDO)

(PDO)

(PGI)

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23

Development of the cultivated grape surface for white wine varieties in Germany

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt

1964 1972 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1998 2000 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013Riesling 17,1 18,8 18,9 18,9 19,6 21,7 23,1 22,6 22,1 21,1 20,6 20,8 21,2 21,7 22,4 22,6 22,6 22,6 22,8 23,3Grauburgunder 1,3 2,9 3,2 3,4 3,1 2,5 2,5 2,6 2,8 3,1 3,8 4,2 4,4 4,4 4,5 4,6 4,7 4,9 5,0 5,3Weißburgunder 0,0 0,7 0,8 0,8 0,9 1,2 1,8 2,2 2,6 3,0 3,2 3,3 3,5 3,6 3,7 3,9 4,1 4,3 4,4 4,6Müller-Thurgau 14,1 21,8 23,4 25,0 25,3 24,8 23,5 21,3 20,0 17,3 15,0 14,3 14,0 13,8 13,7 13,6 13,6 13,4 13,1 12,9Silvaner 18,8 16,7 13,5 10,2 8,1 7,7 7,5 7,0 6,7 6,1 5,6 5,4 5,3 5,3 5,2 5,2 5,2 5,2 5,1 5,1Kerner 0,0 0,8 2,8 4,9 7,0 7,7 7,6 7,0 6,5 5,6 4,6 4,3 4,0 3,8 3,7 3,6 3,5 3,3 3,1 3,0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1.00

0 H

ekta

r

Riesling

Kerner Silvaner

Müller-Thurgau

Weißburgunder, Pinot blanc Grauer Burgunder

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24

1964 1972 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1998 2000 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011Blauer Spätburgunder 1,8 2,9 3,3 3,6 4,5 6,2 7,2 8,2 9,3 10,6 11,4 11,7 11,8 11,8 11,8 11,7 11,7 11,8Portugieser 5,3 4,7 3,9 3,0 3,2 4,3 4,4 4,7 5,0 5,0 4,9 4,8 4,7 4,6 4,4 4,2 4,1 4,0Trollinger 1,7 1,9 1,9 1,9 2,2 2,5 2,5 2,6 2,6 2,6 2,6 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,4 2,4 2,4Schwarzriesling 0,3 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,4 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,4 2,4 2,4 2,3 2,3 2,2Dornfelder 0,2 0,6 1,5 2,1 3,2 4,4 6,7 8,2 8,3 8,2 8,2 8,1 8,0 8,0 8,0

0

5

10

15

1.00

0 H

ekta

r

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt

Spätburgunder

Trollinger

Schwarzriesling

Portugieser

Dornfelder

Development of the cultivated grape surface for red wine varieties in Germany

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Structure of the wine production in Germany

Cultivated Grape Area : 98 000 ha in production Wine Production (2013) : 9.2 Mio. hl on Average (2010: 6.9) Wine Growers : 26.000 > 0.3 ha (+ 30 000 < 0.3 ha)

Wine Cooperatives (With own vinification and bottling) Number: 111 Members: ca. 49 000 Surface under vine: 32 000 ha Production: 2.8 Mio. hl Sales (Mio. hl): Bulk wines Bottled Wines 0.4 2.4

Wine Growers with Bulk Wine Number: ca. 10 000 Surface under vine: 36 000 ha Production: ca. 3.4 Mio. hl Sales (Mio. hl): Bulk wines 3.4

Wine Estates Selling Bottled Wines Number: ca. 8 000 Surface under vine: ca. 30 000 ha Production: 3.0 Mio. hl

Sales (Mio. hl): Bulk wines Bottled Wines 0.4 2.6 Source: www.weinoekonomie-geisenheim.de

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Distribution of wine in Germany

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Structure of wine bottling in Germany Import Bulk Wine 8.5

‚Sparkling‘ Wineries Number: 1123, (10 for 90 %) Production: 2.85 mill. hl

‚Still Wineries‘ Number: ca. 200 Production: 9.8 mill. hl

Bottled Wine 6.5 (5.5 Stat. BA) (Pearl Wine 0.7)

Sparkling Wine Export: 0.4 Import: 0.85

Export Bulk Wine: 0.5 Bottled Wine: 3.1

German bulk wine: 0.2: German bulk wine: 4.0:

3.3 Sparkling Wine

2.7 5.8

9.8 still wineries 2.4 cooperatives 2.6 estates 14.8 total

17.7 Still Wine

Total 21.0 mill. hl

(in mill. hl)

Source: www.weinoekonomie-geisenheim.de,

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14.6

3.1

2.2

1.9

1.6

1.1

(€/l)

Supermarket, u.a. (3.60) (50 000)

discount (2.50) (15 000)

Spec. Wine shops (10.00) Versand, Internet (4 000)

Estates and (6.00) cooperatives (8 000) (In- und Ausland)

On premise

Home- consumption

7.9

4.5

1.0 2.0

(Volume in Mill. hl, (%), Value in Bill. €)

POP: home consumption DWI/GfK IfBM new hl Volume (hl) Value (Bill. €)

17.7

POP structure of the German wine market 2013

Source: DWI / GfK (2014) and G. Szolnoki, D. Hoffmann (2014) Neue Weinkunden-Segmentierung, Geisenheim

(only still wines)

32%

30%

23%

15%

14%

7%

31%

48%

27%

13%

30%

30% 4.4

4.4

1.9

3.9

Summe 100% 14,6 6.8 (average price 4.65 €/l)

60% 38%

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German and imported Wines 2013 in the German wine market (in mill. hl)

21.0 **

DW* 7.5

3.3

3.1

14.6

3.1

IW 3.2

DW 1.2

total

Supermarkets

Discount

Wine shops

Estates, Coop‘s

Out door consumption

POS Sekt

• IW = imported wines, DW = German wines ** estimated total consumption, incl. not official reported private imports

Source: own estimation by Dieter Hoffmann, Geisenheim

IW* 13.5

DW 7.3

IW 10.4

17.7

still wines

0.2

0.7 2.4

DW 6.6

IW 8.0

home cons.

3.9 1.9

4.4

4.4

IW 2.6

DW 1.8

IW 1.3

DW 3.0

IW 0.9

DW 0,6

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• 14 000 discounter • 10 500 super / hypermarkets • 4 000 wine shops; 70 % individuals • 50 000 restaurants with wine, 90 % individuals • 8 000 wine estates (direct marketing) • 111 wine cooperatives (direct marketing) • Large number of offers by (e)-mail services (internet)

Structure of the wine trade in Germany

Source: www.weinoekonomie-geisenheim.de

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Margins and costs in Germany

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• Discounter 10-20 % of the retail price • Super / Hypermarkets 25-35 % of the retail price • Wine shops 35-50 % of the retail price • Restaurants 70-80 % of the rest. price • Whole saler 15-25 % of wholes. price • Agents 2-20 % of price

Margins in the wine trade in Germany

Source: www.weinoekonomie-geisenheim.de

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• are open-minded about the origin of wines, • are surfing through the offers on the shelf, • make their choice first by taste, • are price-sensitive, but not price-fixed, • choose their P.o.P. depending on occasions • love wine drinking.

German wine drinkers …

Source: www.weinoekonomie-geisenheim.de

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• highly attractice because of increasing demand, • very competitive on quality, price and promotion, • very complex through a large diversity of channels, • open-minded about wines from all over the world, • free of wine- and other taxes, excl. 19 % VAT, • strictly quality-managed.

Summary: the German wine market is …

Source: www.weinoekonomie-geisenheim.de

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Summary:

• Wine market is still growing • German wines compete with cheap bulk wines

from all over the world • German whites and reds are on success • The premium market (≥ 5 € a.m.) accounts for 40 % of volume and 62 % of value ! • The German wine market is very dynamic !!!

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Prof. Dr. Dieter Hoffmann [email protected] [email protected] (private) (+49) 06722-502-381 (+49) 06723-1593 (private) www.weinoekonomie-geisenheim.de

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