“Freedom lies in being bold”

-Robert Frost

The Founding of the Katipunan

Abalde, John David R.

Gozon,Luke Welmer

Bayaton, Jersey Antolette A.

Limbago, Benz P.

Andres Bonifacio

was born in Tondo on November 30, 1863

a man of scanty education but nevertheless highly intelligent.

was admired by Jose Rizal

Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan

were created by Andres Bonifacio, Deodato Arellano, Ladislao Diwa, Valentin Diaz, Jose Dizon and Teodoro Plata on July 8, 19894 on Azcarraga (now Claro M. Recto Avenue)

secret society

it aims to awaken nationalism and free the Filipino people from Spanish oppression and friar despotism also they want the country to write and win independent from Spain.

Structure of the Katipunan

procedure and structure was influenced by Masonry , initiation rite, and by Rizal’s La Liga Filipina

3 Governing Bodies:

The Kataas-taasang Sanggunian (The Supreme Council)

The Sangguniang Bayan (The Provincial Council)

The Sangguniang Balangay (The Popular Council)

October 1892 – an election was held with the following as officers of the 1st supreme council

Deodato Arellano……... President or Supreme

Andres Bonifacio…...... Inventor or Comptroller

Ladislao Diwa………… Fiscal

Teodoro Plata…………. Secretary

Valentin Diaz…………. Treasurer

February 1893 – the officers of this second Supreme Council were:

Roman Basa….............. President or Supreme

Andres Bonifacio……... Fiscal

Jose Turiano Santiago …… secretary

Vicente Molina…………. Treasurer, Briccio, Councilors… etc.

1895 – the election resulted in the elevation of the following to the different offices.

Andres Bonifacio………… Supreme

Emilio Jacinto …………… Fiscal

Jose Turiano Santiago……. Secretary

Vicente Molina…………… Treasurer

Pio Valenzuela……………. Physician

December 31, 1895 – the Supreme Council was held with the ff:

Andres Bonifacio…… Supreme or President

Pio Valenzuela……… Fiscal Physician

Emilio Jacinto………. Secretary

Vicente Molina……… Treasurer and Councilors

The fifth and the last Supreme Council:

Andres Bonifacio……. Supreme

Emilio Jacinto……….. Secretary of State

Teodoro Plata………... Secretary of War

Briccio Pantas……….. Secretary of Justice

Aguedo del Rosario…. Secretary of Interior

Enrique Pacheco…….. Secretary of Finance

Kinds of Membership

when the Katipunan had sufficiently expanded to include more than a hundred new members in its ranks

3 Grades:

Katipon – wore a black hood in the meetings of the society

Kawal (Soldier) – wore a green hood with a triangle consisting of white lines

Bayani (Patriot) – wore a red mask and sash with green borders

The Katipunan Codes

The Katipunan members faced many dangers, so that precautions had to be taken to keep the society secret.

Emilio Jacinto

called “the brain of Katipunan”

was born in Tondo on December 15, 1875, the son of Mariano Jacinto and Josefa Dizon.

enrolled at San Juan de Letran College and later at University of Sto. Tomas where he developed a taste for reading.

joined the Katipunan at the age of eighteen and became the youngest member.

won the admiration of Bonifacio and became Bonifacio’s trusted friend and adviser.

who wrote the kartilla or primer for the katipuneros and adopt as the official teachings of the society.

The Teachings of the Katipunan

“Kartilla which consisted of Thirteen Teachings”

1. Life which is not consecrated to a lofty and sacred cause is like a tree without a shadow, if not a poisonous weed.

2. A good deed that springs from a desire for personal profit and not from a desire to do good is not kindness.

3. True greatness consist in being charitable in loving one’s fellowmen and in adjusting every movement, deed and word to true reason.

4. All men are equal, be the color of their skin black and white. One may be superior to another in knowledge wealth and beauty, but cannot be superior in being.

5. He who is noble prefers honor to personal gain; he who is mean prefers personal profit to honor.

6. To a man with a sense of shamed, his word is inviolate.

7. Don’t flitter away time; lost riches may be recovered but item lost will never come again.

8. Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor.

9. An intelligent man is he who is cautions in speech and knows how to keep the secrets that must be guarded.

10. In the thorny path of life man is the guide of his wife and children, if he who guides moves toward evil they who are guarded likewise move toward evil.

11. Think not of woman as a thing merely to while away time with, but as a helper and partner in the hardships of life. Respect her in her weakness, and remember the mother who brought you into this world and who cared for you in your childhood.

12. What you do not want done to your wife, daughter and sister, do not do to the wife, daughter and sister of another.

13. The nobility of a man does not consist in being a king nor in the highness of the nose and the whiteness of the skin nor in being a priest representing God, nor in the exalted position on this earth nut pure and truly noble is he who through born in the woods is possessed of an upright character who is true in his words who has dignity and honor who does not oppressed and does not help those who oppress, who knows how to look after and love the land of his birth.

Women’s Chapter of the Katipunan

bonifacio expanding the membership of Katipunan, first, to do away with the triangle method of recruiting new members, and second, the information of the women’s chapter.

in the middle of 1893 bonifacio opened the door of the society to patriotic and scrupulous women who had the virtue to keep their tongues in place.

to be sure that no women of dubious characters could penetrate the deep secrets of the society.

it was their duty to take in new members, male or female and more important from the point of view of security to see to it that the meetings of the male members were not disturbed by surprise raids of the authorities.

women members acted as a front for the clandestine going on off the katipuneros.

Women’s Officer of the Katipuneros Women’s Chapter

Josefa Rizal (President) Gregoria de Jesus (Vice President) Marina Dizon (Secretary)

The Katipunan Newspaper

Kalayaan the official publication of the Katipunan. were secretly distributed in Manila, Cavite,

Morong, Kalookan, Malabon, and other places.

influenced the thinking and feelings of the Filipino masses.

Jacinto’s and Bonifacio’s writing awakened the people.

The Expansion of the Katipunan

from 300 members it became 30,000 member since the publication of the Kalayaan newspaper.

Kalayaan

Jacinto purchased some templates to be used in printing the Katipunan newspaper. Other templates were stolen from Spanish printing press.

Ulpiano Fernandez and Faustino Duque both Katipuneros managed the press. Dr. Pio Valenzuela suggested the name of the newspaper, Kalayaan.

to mislead the Spanish authorities, they put Yokohama as the place of publication and Marcelo H. del Pilar as the editor.

Jacinto’s Pahayag (Manifesto) and Bonifacio’s poem, Pag-Ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country) were published in the issue of the Kalayaan.

Jacinto used the pen names Pingkain and Dimas-Ilaw; Bonifacio used Agapito Bagumbayan; and Valenzuela used Madlang-Away.

The Discovery of Katipunan

August 19,1896 – when a KKK member, Teodoro Patino told his sister Honoria about the existence of the Katipunan.

Teodoro Patino – a worker in the printing press of Diato de Manila.

Honoria – then living with nuns in a Mandaluyong orphanage.

The Philippine Revolution

The Battle of Pasong Tam- the first battle

The Battle of Pinaglabanan or Battle of San Juan del Monte- kaitpuneros attached the 100 Spanish soldiers defending the powder magazine.

when Governor-General Camilo de Palaviefa declared Martial Law in Manila and the provinces of Cavite Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan, Pampangga, Tarlac and Neuva Ecija. The Philippine Revolution had begun.

Execution of Bonifacio Brothers

May 10, 1897 – glory of soldiers led by Gen. Lazaro Makapagal brought Andres and Procopio from Maragondon rail.

the Bonifacio brothers were killed by gunshots. Using their bayonets and bolos (long knives) the soldiers dug a shallow grave for the two men.