the extension challenge instructions get into 2 teams you each will be given an evaluation point....

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The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your teams. For example, Claridge & Davis (2003) found that when non-depressed people are given drugs that reduce levels of serotonin in the brain, they do not become depressed…… Team 1 – The problem with using family and twins studies as evidence for genetics is…….. Team 2- Concordance rate is never 100% in MZ twins…………… Extend your A02

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Page 1: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

The extension challengeInstructions

Get into 2 teamsYou each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as

you can between your teams.

For example, Claridge & Davis (2003) found that when non-depressed people are given drugs that reduce levels of serotonin in the brain, they do not become

depressed……

Team 1 – The problem with using family and twins studies as evidence for genetics is……..

Team 2- Concordance rate is never 100% in MZ twins……………

Extend your A02

Page 2: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

Behavioural explanations of depression

• According to the behaviourist approach, people learn to become depressed through positive reinforcement.

• Learning theory (Lewishon)

• Learned helplessness (Seligman)

Why have I brought sweets to todays lesson?

Page 3: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

Learning theory - Lewishon• Depression is caused by a reduction in positive

reinforcement. For example, when you loose your job or loose a loved one, you receive less positive reinforcement.

• Once depression has developed, it then gets positively reinforced through attention.

why???

How can you positively reinforce

depression?

Page 4: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

In pairs discuss the following questions

• Does attention/sympathy from others last long?

• Does everyone get attention when they become depressed?

• Does everyone become depressed after loosing a loved one?

Page 5: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

Note down your A02

• Every thing we have just discussed is evaluation of the learning theory. Turn your discussion points into a Big Mac burger paragraph.

This is a problem

becauseThis suggests that

This matters because

Page 6: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

Task• Complete the 3 anagrams.• Put your hand up as soon as you have completed it.

• What have I just induced in one side of the class?• How can learned helplessness apply to social

behaviour (can you induce learned helplessness when it comes to friendships or relationships)?

• How can learned helplessness apply to depression?

Page 7: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

Learned helplessness theory - Seligman

• The learned helplessness theory explains how people become depressed after stressful events

• If lots of unpleasant events happen to a person and they cant control them, they tend to lose motivation and just give up. Examples?

• They have learnt that they are unable to influence outcomes (they are helpless)

Page 9: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

More evidence from a study using humans……

Hiroto & Seligman (1974) exposed non-depressed people to a loud noise, they could a) not escape it b) stop it by pressing a button

Then Ps were shown a box with a handle on it. This produced a loud noise that could be stopped by moving the handle. Those in non-escape condition previously failed to move the handle.

Page 10: The extension challenge Instructions Get into 2 teams You each will be given an evaluation point. You need to extend it as much as you can between your

More A02…….

• Can you evaluate both experiments. Is it strong evidence for the behavioural theory or weak evidence? Justify your answer.

• Use the hand-out to help you.