The Era of Thomas Jefferson

The election of 1800 Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr

Tied, Electoral College votes 73 each House of Representatives made deciding vote( 36th

vote) 12th Amendment 1803, Candidates on separate

ballots

Jefferson’s Policies

Laissez faire – idea that government should not interfere in the economy

Cutting Costs Navy 25 ships to 7 ships Army by 1/3 1801 Federal Gov’t less than 100 people

Judiciary Act of 1801

Set up Regional Courts 16 Official judges “Midnight Appointments” (John Adams) Jefferson did not deliver Marbury vs. Madison

Supreme Court ruled the Judiciary Act of 1789

was unconstituti

onal

Adams appoints Judges

Jefferson tells (Sect. of State) Madison not to deliver commissions appointing some judges

William Marbury takes his case to the Supreme Court…Marbury vs. Madison

Marbury v. Madison established the idea of judicial review

Constitution is supreme law of the land When there is a conflict between Constitution and any

other law….Constitution must be followed Judicial branch must uphold the Constitution

Looking West

Western Territory Louisiana Territory belonged to Spain Farms along the Mississippi River Send crops to Port New Orleans/ sent to East Coast

French Threat Louisiana Territory transferred to France Secret agreement that made the transfer Jefferson feared Napoleon had his sights set on

America

Lewis and Clark U.S purchased Louisiana Territory for $15

million Lewis and Clark explore territory

Jefferson chose 2 gentlemen Meriwether Lewis 28 yrs. old William Clark 32 yrs. Old Left St. Louis Spring of 1804 Shoshone woman (Sacagawea) - guide

Benefits of the Louisiana

Territory

Cheap abundant land for farming

Control over the

Mississippi River

United States would own Port of

New Orleans

Briatin and France were fighting AGAIN Both were attacking U.S. ships in an effort to keep

their enemy from getting supplies. Jefferson’s response was the Embargo Act (Americans

could not sail to any foreign ports) Businesses suffered E. Act was repealed but Congress

passed another Act that said Americans could trade with any country except Britain and France.

Tecumseh 1801-1810 battles with Native Americans

over land in Ohio Valley Tecumseh built confederacy among Native

American Nations in Northwest Battle of Tippecanoe

William Henry Harrison attacked Prophetstown on the Tippecanoe river

Harrison was victorious