the ear perry c. hanavan. outer ear peripheral –outer ear –middle ear –inner ear –auditory...

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The Ear Perry C. Hanavan

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Page 1: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

The Ear

Perry C. Hanavan

Page 2: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Outer Ear

• Peripheral– Outer ear– Middle ear– Inner ear– Auditory nerve

• Central– Brainstem– Midbrain– Cerebral

Page 3: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Peripheral

Page 4: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Outer Ear - Pinna

Page 5: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear - Tympanum

Page 6: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear – Tympanic Membrane

Page 7: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear – Ossicles

Page 8: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear - Ossicles

Page 9: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear – Ossicles - Malleus

Page 10: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear – Ossicles - Incus

Page 11: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear – Ossicles - Stapes

Page 12: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Middle Ear

Page 13: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Inner Ear - Osseous

Page 14: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Inner Ear - Membranous

Page 15: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Inner Ear - Labyrinth

Page 16: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Inner Ear – Organ of Corti

Page 17: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Cochlear Structures

Page 18: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Inner Ear – Organ of Corti

Page 19: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Basilar Membrane

• Traveling wave

http://www.rockefeller.edu/labheads/hudspeth/graphicalSimulations.php

Page 20: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Inner Ear – OHC & IHC

• IHC– Non-motile– Afferent– Responds to

loud sounds

• OHC– Motile– Efferent– Responds to

soft sounds

Page 21: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

OHCs

Page 22: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Two Theories of Motility

• Somatic prestin motor

• Hair bundle motor

Page 23: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Tip-links –Hair Bundle Motor

<<<IHC

OHC >>>

Page 24: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Tip Link Structure

• Tip Link Structure

Page 25: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Hair Bundle Motor

Page 26: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Tip-links

Page 27: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

Auditory Nerve

Page 28: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

2 Types of Auditory Neurons

Paul Fuchs YouTube

Paul Fuchs YouTube

Type I

Type II

Page 29: The Ear Perry C. Hanavan. Outer Ear Peripheral –Outer ear –Middle ear –Inner ear –Auditory nerve Central –Brainstem –Midbrain –Cerebral

The wave V latency used in the standard ABR IT5 and I-V delay measures is dominated by neural activity from the high-frequency regions of the cochlea. Thus, unless the tumor affects these high-frequency fibers sufficiently, standard ABR latencies will be normal.

TUMOR

Large TumorAbnormal Standard ABR

Small TumorAbnormal Standard

ABR

Small TumorNormal Standard ABR

Standard ABR

HIGH-FREQUENCY

FIBERS

Facial Nerve Sup. Vest Nerve

Inf. Vest NerveAcoustic Nerve

Cross-section of Internal Auditory Canal

The ear is separated into 3 parts: The Inner ear, the middle ear and the outer ear

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