The CrusadesThe Crusades

What’s Wrong?What’s Wrong?•Priests were marrying & Priests were marrying &

having familieshaving families•Bishops sold positions in Bishops sold positions in

the church to raise moneythe church to raise money•Kings appointed church Kings appointed church

bishopsbishops

Church ReformsChurch Reforms•Enforced laws against Enforced laws against

marriage & the selling of marriage & the selling of church positionschurch positions

•Development of canon law, Development of canon law, or church law (marriage, or church law (marriage, divorce, inheritance, etc.)divorce, inheritance, etc.)

•Collection of titheCollection of tithe

Identify…Identify…•Holy Land:Holy Land:•Jerusalem; point Jerusalem; point

of contention of contention during during the the CrusadesCrusades

•Seljuk Turks:Seljuk Turks:•Turkish people who practiced Turkish people who practiced

IslamIslam

Identify…Identify…•Urban IIUrban II::•Catholic pope Catholic pope

that began the that began the Crusades Crusades

•CrusadersCrusaders::•Christians that Christians that

fought during the fought during the CrusadesCrusades

In 1093, the In 1093, the Seljuk Turks Seljuk Turks threatened to threatened to conquer conquer Christian Christian lands in Europe… lands in Europe…

The Initial SparkThe Initial Spark

•Religious zealReligious zeal•The hope for The hope for

prestige, prestige, wealth & wealth & landland

•The desire for The desire for adventure adventure

Motives…why join?Motives…why join?

Motives…of Church?Motives…of Church?•Reclaim the Holy LandReclaim the Holy Land•Increase powerIncrease power•End fighting End fighting

between between Christian Christian knights knights

•““God wills it!”God wills it!”

•SignificanceSignificance::•Crusaders felt that Crusaders felt that

they were doing they were doing God’s will; God’s will; provided a moral provided a moral justificationjustification

The Battle Cry?The Battle Cry?

The First CrusadeThe First Crusade•Crusader armies captured Crusader armies captured

Jerusalem and massacred Jerusalem and massacred Muslim & Jewish residentsMuslim & Jewish residents

•As a result of their As a result of their victory, victory, Christians Christians divided Jerusalem divided Jerusalem into 4 small into 4 small feudal feudal statesstates; Edessa, ; Edessa, Antioch, Jerusalem Antioch, Jerusalem & Tripoli & Tripoli

The First CrusadeThe First Crusade

•Crusader armies Crusader armies attempted to attempted to recapture Edessa, a recapture Edessa, a Christian Christian city that city that had been captured by the had been captured by the MuslimsMuslims

•Crusaders were DEFEATEDCrusaders were DEFEATED

The Second CrusadeThe Second Crusade

•“Crusade of Kings”

•Crusader armies unsuccessfully attempted to recapture Jerusalem

•The Muslims agreed to reopen Jerusalem to unarmed Christians

The Third CrusadeThe Third Crusade

TRUCETRUCE!!

Results of CrusadesResults of Crusades•BITTER LEGACY OF BITTER LEGACY OF

RELIGIOUS HATRED RELIGIOUS HATRED (Both (Both Christians & Muslims Christians & Muslims committed horrible crimes in committed horrible crimes in the name of religionthe name of religion

•Increased trade Increased trade (new items, (new items, new trade routes, etc.)new trade routes, etc.)

•Growth of a Growth of a money money economy economy (the (the Crusades had Crusades had to be FUNDED to be FUNDED by by $$$)$$$)

Results of CrusadesResults of Crusades

•The feudal system The feudal system DECLINES & monarchs DECLINES & monarchs become STRONGERbecome STRONGER

•Pope LOSES powerPope LOSES power

Results of CrusadesResults of Crusades

•Many of the Many of the later Crusades later Crusades proved proved unsuccessful; unsuccessful; therefore, many therefore, many people people started to lose faith in the Catholic started to lose faith in the Catholic ChurchChurch, as well as its leader…, as well as its leader…

And Finally…And Finally…