the changing landscape of farming in south africa
TRANSCRIPT
The Changing Landscape of Farming in South Africa
Erik Holm, Ian van Brouwershaven9th June 2015, Amsterdam
Scope
KareeboschAmmondaleDikgale
Staging Depot - Lanseria
Pontdrift Esméfour
Waterpoort
JachtpadBanganiBHBGomotoMatomahoekVreedzaam
WagendriftMorgenzonOlyfberg
Haakiesdoorn
Ceres
Oudrif
Willem van Zyl arrived in South Africa in 1699. Employed by the Dutch East India Company
ZZ2 incorporated as a company in 1965
History
Tomatoes 2,000ha 190’000 tons p.a.
ZZ2 further produces
Our Inspiration ZZ2 wants to be the benchmark of success in agriculture
by creating sustainable value for all its stakeholders as a living, open system.
ZZ2 Stakeholders
• Customers• Suppliers• Trading Partners• Government• Society• Future Generations• Nature• Employees• Shareholders
Population “000,000
2015 2050 2100
Africa 1,166 2,393 4,185
World 7,325 9,551 10,854
16% 25% 39%
Our CustomersAfrica is the size of what…
USA
Europe
China
India
UK
Japan
Our Customers Consumer requirements
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100 South African Tomato Product LinesFood safety and traceabilityEnvironmental responsibilitySocial responsibilityQualityHealthPackagingAvailabilityUse and user friendlyValue for money
ZZ2 uses best applicable technologies in harmony with natural resources and ecosystem laws.
We call this Natuurboerdery® Healthy food from healthy soil with healthy relationships
How do we farm? ZZ2 Natuurboerdery®
Passive Protected Technologies
Customer value and productivity Technology Curve
100 t/ha
300 t/ha
600+ t/ha
Open field
Passive Indoors
RevenueHigh risk,
low income
Customer Value for money
High cost, limited market
10k EU/ha
100k EU/ha
1000k EU/ha
Cost/unit
Cost/unit
Revenue
Revenue
Cost/unit
Active Indoors
Customer value and productivity Energy vs Nature
100 t/ha
300 t/ha
600+ t/ha
Open field
Passive Indoors
Extensive Inputs Energy Intensive
Balance
Climate Control Energy Intensive
10k EU/ha
100k EU/ha
1000k EU/ha
Active Indoors
Heating, Cooling, Ventilation, Lighting
Nature’s free EnergySun, Climate, IPM,
Compost
Production EnergyFertilizer
Pesticides
Developments ( 2005 – 2015)1. Plastic Greenhouse, automation, RH control
• Rain advantage
• High capital investment• Ventilation, Temperature
• Good wet season results
Passive Protected Technologies
Developments ( 2008 – 2015)2. Insect Nethouse structures passive control
• Low capital investment
• Rain disadvantage
• Good dry season results
Passive Protected Technologies
Developments ( 2013 – 2015)3. Hybrids
• Best of Both ?
Passive Protected Technologies
The Results
The Challenges
• Adaptation to climate– Summer season, Rain– Winter season, Frost– Intermediate production cycles, 9 months– Short cycle 6 months– Long cycle 11 months
• Energy cost• Capital outlay
The plan forward
• Replace 2000ha open field production with 600ha natuurboerdery® protected farming technology– 100ha established– 80% more water efficient per unit produced– Land resource utilization factor 1 : 14 !
ZZ2, Changing the GameNatuurboerderyIn harmony with nature Fractal NetworksOpen System Approach
– Customer value– Relevance
ZZ2 (1990's)
United States (
1998)
Californ
ia (1998)
Eurozo
ne (2004)
Thailand (2
011)
Vietnam (2003)
ZZ2 (2002-2010)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
EIQ values for different tomato produc-tion regions
EIQ
Sco
re (A
vg)
ZZ2, Changing the GameKe Tzwa Tzweo“ That….. is it!”
Consider timing
CLOSED SYSTEM OPEN SYSTEM
Does not change or adapt, everything happens continuously
Changes over time, adapts. Paradigm shifts are possible.
Each process can be reversed (e.g. water <> ice <> water).
Processes once-off on the timeline (irreversible e. g. water under the bridge; life).
Centralised and isolated, focused and orientated only on itself.
Sensitive, decentralised and tuned in to the external environment.
Vertically organized – information (e.g. orders) flow linearly from top to bottom.
Horizontally organized – information networks in all directions. Feedback systems.
System philosophy of Aristotle
The ecology of an economic farming unit or farming system:
The ideal size will differ for each function
Optimized communication and transport
Small- Effective- Vulnerable- Adaptable
Large- Safe- Possibly
ineffective- Productive- Inflexible
Super-organismEffectiveness, productivity &adaptability continuously improving
Mutualistic co-existence
Source: ZZ2 (2014)
Responses to the challenges
Infrastructure Activities
Size
Effici
ency
The Four Causes of Aristotle• Causa Finalis [The Ultimate Goal]
– The purpose for which the system exists– The purpose or end that is to be served:
• i.e., the CONSUMER
• Causa Formalis [The Formal Structures]– The formal arrangement of processes and physical
structures and matter that constitute the system• i.e., the systems’ definitions, form, pattern, strategy, design,
whole, and synthesis
• Causa Efficiens [The Processes]– The primary source of all the “work” done; what sets the
system in motion• i.e., the systems’ programmes, activities, functions,
interactions
• Causa Materialis [The Material]– The physical material of which the system is composed of
or consists of• i.e., seeds , edible product packaging materials
Supra system:purpose & form
Sub system:work & material
Informs Provides
CONSUMERS
PRODUCERS
The Value Channel of Fresh Produce- an integrated model: “We are all agents for customer value”