The Breakdown and Revival of the Medieval Church

Pope Innocent III

Accomplishments of someone so Innocent?

• Increased papal authority through the plentitude of power.

• Had the authority to declare saints.

• Turned the church into a secular authority as well as spiritual one.

Pope Urban IV• Created own Church court

known as the Rota Romana, which made the Church even more political.

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Boniface VIII• “You tax my people, I’ll

hit you with a Papal Bull!”

Enemies of Boniface VIII

• Edward I Philip T. Fair

Boniface’s “Unam Sanctum”

• Put the Church ahead in all matters religious or otherwise, angering Philip.

• What did Philip T. Fair do?

Unfortunately for Boniface VIII…

• Philip’s Henchmen beat him up, later he died from the injuries.

Clement V• Changed much of

what Boniface had done.

• Important: He moved the papacy to Avignon, France!

Hey, how’s it going?

The Avignon Papacy 1309-1377

• Became a huge moneymaker, increasing taxes of local people and selling indulgences.

The Avignon Papal Complex

Pope John XXII

• Most powerful Avignon Pope

• Battled with Louis IV over moving the papacy back to Italy.

Supporters of Louis IV

• Marsilius of Padua• Defender of the

Peace- depicted the pope as a subordinate member of a society.

• William of Ockham• Argued against

papal authority.

John Wycliffe*started the Lollards in England.

Accused of Donatism- the teaching that the Church sacraments are only as effective as the people who administer them.

John Huss

• Started the Hussites in Bohemia.

The Great Schism 1378

• Clement VII (French) Urban VI (Italian)

The Great Schism: 1378-1417

The Great Schism

Let’s elect one more… Alexander V

Conciliar Movement

• The Church should be subject to councils, eliminating the absolute rule of the Pope.

• Council of Pisa• Council of Constance• Council of Basil

Consequences

• Secular control of churches increased• Kings asserted power over the Church.• Religious life regulated.

• How was the power of the Church permanently weakened after the late 14th century?

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