Nelsy Acosta| Professor Calliope Pappadakis| Humanities

Introduction

Renaissance is called the cultural movement that emerged in the fourteenth century Europe, characterized by a renewed interest in classical Roman past and especially for its art. The political and economic structure prevalent in the Middle Ages was feudalism. This system was developed in response to the disintegration of central authority and the social chaos that emerged after the end of Roman rule.A hierarchy of powerful men, governed by the new system of serfdom and feudal territorial division, replaced the old Roman system of emperor, senate, province, city and town.

Rebirth

The political and economic structure prevalent in the Middle Ages was feudalism. This system was developed in response to the disintegration of central authority and the social chaos that emerged after the end of Roman rule.A hierarchy of powerful men, governed by the new system of serfdom and feudal territorial division, replaced the old Roman system of emperor, senate, province, city and town.The common ideal of this period is defined by the hope of a rebirth of the human being to a truly "human" by recourse to the arts, sciences, research, demonstrating consideration of the human being as natural as opposed to medieval consideration of man as "being with God" therefore consider three phenomena that mark the changing social, cultural, economic life of the individual in the XIV century.

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1. The sign the Landmark document early 1215

2. The Bubonic Plague, struck Europe in 1347 and 1375.

3. The Avignon Papacy 1309 – 1377

4. The great division or Schism 1378-1417

Timeline

The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that lived Europe in the fourteenth century, caused by a bacterium that is spread by fleas with the help of the black rat, this spread quickly due to lack of hygiene and resulted in the death of million people in most of the continent. Big changes were experienced during this event, one of them was the stagnation of agriculture due to reduced labor, weakening European economy and society, which until then was stable with feudalism, another aspect which was faith was weakened because it was believed that the disease had close relationship with sin, but this distinction pandemic had attacked both good and bad, the poor and the rich.

The Bubonic Plague

The “Dance of Death” painted by Bernt Notke in Tallinn, Estonia (St. Nikolai's church) at the end of the 15th century may have been 30 meters long (Approximately 25% remains today.

The Magna Carta is a charter that King John Lackland of England gave the English nobles on June 15, 1215 "in which they pledged to respect the privileges and immunities of the nobility no longer have the death or imprisonment of the nobles and the confiscation of their goods, but those were not judged by 'peers'. In the period after 1215, one of the most important is the confirmation by Edward I in 1297. This confirmation is in part as follows: "Know that the honor of God and Holy Church, and to the benefit of all our kingdom (" tout et al profist roiaume nostre ") have granted for us and our heirs, that the Magna Carta of Liberties ('le Graunt Chartre des fraunchises').

Copies of Magna Carta are to be found in Salisbury Cathedral, Lincoln Castle and the British Library

The Church figured prominently in the institutions of the Middle Ages. It was the spiritual guide of the time. Despite its importance, could not stay out of the current system: it also "feudal, process that originated various difficulties. His senior leadership feuds received noble lords hands of the emperor or the church outsiders, that was then current emperor or feudal lords appoint bishops and priests, and grant them temporal goods as well as the spiritual. This led ecclesiastical decentralization.These internal problems were compounded by a series of conflicts and disputes with the high clergy of Byzantium. The Eastern Church Orthodox took the name and authority of the Pope fa ignored. These acts sealed the break, ie Schism, the final separation of the Church of Byzantium and the Roman Church. Done that became known as the Great Schism.

The Great Schism

Nicholas V Elected Pope, Becomes First Renaissance Pope

We can say that the Renaissance was one of the most brilliant and important story: the brilliant, because artists then created masterpieces, hardly surpassed later, and the most important, because as well as the maritime discoveries of Christopher Columbus and other widened the field of material activity, the Renaissance widened the field of thought and intellectual activity.This period adopted a new vision of the world that lead and brought fruitful results in the sixteenth century. Emerge a culture and a world view centered on man. This is geared towards the values of nature and thus indirectly encourages the adventurous spirit that was to fruitful discoveries. They leave the philosophical systems of the Middle Ages, reduced largely to the work comments of the Greek philosopher Aristotle, and science advances by way of experimentation, leaving to seek their justification, rather than research, as claimed thinkers of antiquity: Ptolemy, Plato and others.

Fiero, Gloria K. Landmarks in Humanities. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012. Print.Nicholas V Elected Pope, Becomes First Renaissance Pope. Today in History. n.d. http://skepticism.org/timeline/march-history/3253-nicholas-v-elected-pope-becomes-first-renaissance-pope.html.The “Dance of Death” painted by Bernt Notke in Tallinn, Estonia. infection research. n.d. http://www.infection-research.de.