Testing Codeand Assuring Quality

Learning to use Test::More,Perl::Critic, and Devel::Cover

Kent Cowgill

Testing Codeand Assuring Quality

•Learn how to write unit tests in perl•Write tests for your code•Ensuring your code is high quality•Ensuring your tests fully exercise your code•Writing functional tests for your code•A practical example of creating a test suite•How to save time and effort (be lazy!)

What is testing?

Testing.Software testing is the process used to help identify the correctness, completeness, security, and quality of developed computer software. Testing is a process of technical investigation, performed on behalf of stakeholders, that is intended to reveal quality-related information about the product with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate. This includes, but is not limited to, the process of executing a program or application with the intent of finding errors. Quality is not an absolute; it is value to some person. With that in mind, testing can never completely establish the correctness of arbitrary computer software; testing furnishes a criticism or comparison that compares the state and behavior of the product against a specification.

-- excerpted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_testing

Testing..In software engineering, a test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine if a requirement upon an application is partially or fully satisfied.

It may take many test cases to determine that a requirement is fully satisfied. In order to fully test that all the requirements of an application are met, there must be at least one test case for each requirement unless a requirement has sub requirements.

Some methodologies recommend creating at least two test cases for each requirement. One of them should perform positive testing of requirement and other should perform negative testing.

-- excerpted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Case

Testing...

What characterizes a formal, written test case is that there is a known input and an expected output, which is worked out before the test is executed.

If the application is created without formal requirements, then test cases are written based on the accepted normal operation of programs of a similar class.

-- excerpted from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Case

How can I find out more information about

testing with Perl?

(or anything else you talk about tonight, since you don't really cover

anything in great depth?)

(yeah, sorry about that)

Google

Websites

CPAN1

CPAN2

Screencast demonstration

removedfor PDF

Books

How to write unit

tests in Perl

Unit tests emitTAP

Test Anything Protocol(TAP)

• The Test Anything Protocol is a general purpose format for transmitting the result of test programs to a thing which interprets and takes action on those results.

Test Anything Protocol(TAP)

1..Nok 1 Description # Directive# Diagnostic....ok 47 Descriptionok 48 Descriptionmore tests....

Test Anything Protocol(TAP)

1..4ok 1 - Input file openednot ok 2 - First line of the input validok 3 - Read the rest of the filenot ok 4 - Summarized correctly # TODO

Let's write some tests.

Test::Simple• ok( <expression>, <description>);

ok( $num == 30, '$num equals 30' );

ok( $this =~ m/that/, 'this matches that' );

ok( do_it( $param ), 'sub do_it() returns true' );

OUTPUT:

ok 1 - $num equals 30

ok 2 - this matches that

ok 3 - sub do_it() returns true

Test::Simple• ok( <expression>, <description>);

ok( $num == 30, '$num equals 30' );

ok( $this =~ m/that/, 'this matches that' );

ok( do_it( $param ), 'sub do_it() returns true' );

OUTPUT:

not ok 1 - $num equals 30

# Failed test '$num equals 30'

# in test.pl at line 10.

Test::Simple• ok( <expression>, <description>);

ok( $num == 30, '$num equals 30' );

ok( $this =~ m/that/, 'this matches that' );

ok( do_it( $param ), 'sub do_it() returns true' );

OUTPUT:

not ok 2 - this matches that

# Failed test 'this matches that'

# in test.pl at line 11.

Test::Simple• ok( <expression>, <description>);

ok( $num == 30, '$num equals 30' );

ok( $this =~ m/that/, 'this matches that' );

ok( do_it( $param ), 'sub do_it() returns true' );

OUTPUT:

not ok 3 - sub do_it() returns true

# Failed test 'sub do_it() returns true'

# in test.pl at line 13.

Test::More• is( <got>, <expected>, <description>);

is( $this, $that, 'this is the same as that' );

Test::More• is( <got>, <expected>, <description>);

is( $this, $that, 'this is the same as that' );

OUTPUT:

ok 1 - this is the same as that

Test::More• is( <got>, <expected>, <description>);

is( $this, $that, 'this is the same as that' );

OUTPUT:

not ok 1 - this is the same as that

# Failed test 'this is equal to that'

# in test.t at line 10

# got: 'this'

# expected: 'that'

Actual URL: http://pub.langworth.com/perl_test_refcard.pdf

Introducing ProvePROVE(1) User Contributed Perl Documentation PROVE(1)

NAME prove -- A command-line tool for running tests

OPTIONS -d, --debug Includes extra debugging information -h, --help Display this help -H, --man Longer manpage for prove -I Add libraries to @INC, as Perl's -I -l, --lib Add lib to the path for your tests -r, --recurse Recursively descend into directories -s, --shuffle Run the tests in a random order --timer Print elapsed time after each test file -v, --verbose Display standard output of test scripts while running

...

$ mv testmore.pl testmore.t

$ prove./testmore....ok All tests successful.Files=1, Tests=3, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.02 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.03 CPU)

$ prove -v./testmore....ok 1 - this should equal thistoook 2 - this should be thistoo (is)ok 3 - this should NOT be that (isnt)1..3okAll tests successful.Files=1, Tests=3, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.02 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.03 CPU)

Output:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 3;

# set some testing variablesmy $this = "this";my $thistoo = "this";my $that = "that";

# now for the testsok( $this eq $thistoo, "this should equal thistoo" );is( $this, $thistoo, "this should be thistoo (is)" );isnt( $this, $that, "this should NOT be that (isnt)" );

How Many Tests?

$ prove -v./testmore....1..3ok 1 - this should equal thistoook 2 - this should be thistoo (is)ok 3 - this should NOT be that (isnt)okAll tests successful.Files=1, Tests=3, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.02 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.03 CPU)

How Many Tests?

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 4;

# set some testing variablesmy $this = "this";my $thistoo = "this";my $that = "that";

# now for the testsok( $this eq $thistoo, "this should equal thistoo" );is( $this, $thistoo, "this should be thistoo (is)" );isnt( $this, $that, "this should NOT be that (isnt)" );

How Many Tests?

$ prove -vtestmore....1..4ok 1 - this equals thistoook 2 - another way to see if this and thistoo are equal# Looks like you planned 4 tests but only ran 3.ok 3 - a way to see if this and that are not equaldubious Test returned status 255 (wstat 65280, 0xff00)DIED. FAILED test 4 Failed 1/4 tests, 75.00% okayFailed Test Stat Wstat Total Fail List of Failed-------------------------------------------------------------testmore.t 255 65280 4 2 4Failed 1/1 test scripts. 1/4 subtests failed.Files=1, Tests=4, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.02 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.03 CPU)Failed 1/1 test programs. 1/4 subtests failed.

How Many Tests?

Why prove, anyhow?

-l, --lib Add lib to the path for your tests

-r, --recurse Recursively descend into directories

-l, --lib Add lib to the path for your tests

-r, --recurse Recursively descend into directories

-s, --shuffle Run the tests in a random order

-l, --lib Add lib to the path for your tests

That's great

but...

how does that help me? :-/

perl -c

Your problem:

Your code compiles, but does it do the

right thing?

Does it?

I mean, REALLY?

How do you know?

Can youprove it?

My problem:ZFML*

* Name changed to protect the innocent

(btw, whatthe heckis ZFML?)

ZFML is a custom template system

ZFML is amish-mash of HTML

and Perl

ZFML only exists at AcmeCorp.com*

* Name changed to protect the innocent

I don't think you'd want it to exist anywhere else.

SRSLY

<html> <head><title></title></head> <body> </body></html>

<!-- __INIT SETUP__

my ($p) = @_;

$p->var->{'ONLOAD'} .= q(agentDOMCheck(););$p->var->{'SCRIPT'} .= q(<script src="form_functions.js"></script>);

-->

<!-- __EVAL COPYRIGHT_YEAR__

my ($p) = @_;

$p->var->{'COPYRIGHT_YEAR'} = 1900 + (localtime)[5];

-->

ZFMLThat looks like HTML

<html> <head><title></title></head> <body> </body></html>

<!-- __INIT SETUP__

my ($p) = @_;

$p->var->{'ONLOAD'} .= q(agentDOMCheck(););$p->var->{'SCRIPT'} .= q(<script src="form_functions.js"></script>);

-->

<!-- __EVAL COPYRIGHT_YEAR__

my ($p) = @_;

$p->var->{'COPYRIGHT_YEAR'} = 1900 + (localtime)[5];

-->

ZFMLThat looks like HTML

WTF?!?

It only runs under

mod_perl

:(

$ perl -c index.zfml

Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 5, near "<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html"(Might be a runaway multi-line // string starting on line4) (Missing operator before html?)String found where operator expected at index.zfml line 6, near "<meta name="" (Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 5) (Missing semicolon on previous line?)Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 6, near "<meta name="description" (Missing operator before description?)String found where operator expected at index.zfml line 6, near "description" content=""Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 6, near "" content="Find" (Missing operator before Find?)Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 7, near "<meta NAME="keywords" (Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 6) (Missing operator before keywords?)String found where operator expected at index.zfml line 7, near "keywords" CONTENT=""Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 7, near "" CONTENT="AcmeCorp" (Missing operator before AcmeCorp?)Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 7, near "time jobs" (Do you need to predeclare time?)String found where operator expected at index.zfml line 8, near "<style type="" (Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 7) (Missing semicolon on previous line?)Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 8, near "<style type="text" (Missing operator before text?)String found where operator expected at index.zfml line 28, near "<div id="" (Might be a runaway multi-line "" string starting on line 8) (Missing semicolon on previous line?)Bareword found where operator expected at index.zfml line 28, near "<div id="pageContainer" (Missing operator before pageContainer?)

Write tests for

your code

A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

package myObj;

sub new { my $class = shift; my %args = @_; my $self = {}; $self->{ name } = $args{ name } || 'default'; return bless $self, $class;}sub set_name { my $self = shift; $self->{ name } = shift;}sub get_name { my $self = shift; return $self->{ name };}1;

A Simple Class

Constructor(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructor_%28computer_science%29)

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

package myObj;

sub new { my $class = shift; my %args = @_; my $self = {}; $self->{ name } = $args{ name } || 'default'; return bless $self, $class;}sub set_name { my $self = shift; $self->{ name } = shift;}sub get_name { my $self = shift; return $self->{ name };}1;

A Simple Class

Constructor(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructor_%28computer_science%29)

Mutator(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutator_method)

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

package myObj;

sub new { my $class = shift; my %args = @_; my $self = {}; $self->{ name } = $args{ name } || 'default'; return bless $self, $class;}sub set_name { my $self = shift; $self->{ name } = shift;}sub get_name { my $self = shift; return $self->{ name };}1;

A Simple Class

Constructor(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructor_%28computer_science%29)

Accessor(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accessor)

Mutator(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutator_method)

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

package myObj;

sub new { my $class = shift; my %args = @_; my $self = {}; $self->{ name } = $args{ name } || 'default'; return bless $self, $class;}sub set_name { my $self = shift; $self->{ name } = shift;}sub get_name { my $self = shift; return $self->{ name };}1;

Using A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use myObj;

...

Using A Simple Class

Calling theConstructor

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use myObj;

my $obj = myObj->new( name => 'My Object' );

...

Using A Simple Class

Calling theConstructor

Calling theAccessor

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use myObj;

my $obj = myObj->new( name => 'My Object' );

my $objName = $obj->get_name();

...

Using A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use myObj;

my $obj = myObj->new( name => 'My Object' );

my $objName = $obj->get_name();

my $new_name = 'Your Object' );

$obj->set_name( $new_name );

Calling theConstructor

Calling theAccessor

Calling theMutator

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

It's fine to start out without a testing plan

(number of tests to run)

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

Make sure you can "use" the

object

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );

Make sure you can instantiate the object (call

the constructor)

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

Make sure your instantiated

object "isa" type of object you

created

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

ok( my $obj2 = myObj->new(), "can create a myObj not specifying values" );

Instantiate another object

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

ok( my $obj2 = myObj->new(), "can create a myObj not specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj2, 'myObj' ); Make sure the

new object "isa" "myObj" object

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

ok( my $obj2 = myObj->new(), "can create a myObj not specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj2, 'myObj' );

ok( $obj2->set_name( 'test1' ), "can set name" );

Test using the mutator of the

name property of the object

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

ok( my $obj2 = myObj->new(), "can create a myObj not specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj2, 'myObj' );

ok( $obj2->set_name( 'test1' ), "can set name" );ok( 'test1' eq $obj2->get_name(), "can get name" );

Make sure the accessor returns the value we just

set

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More 'no_plan';

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

ok( my $obj2 = myObj->new(), "can create a myObj not specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj2, 'myObj' );

ok( $obj2->set_name( 'test1' ), "can set name" );ok( 'test1' eq $obj2->get_name(), "can get name" );

is_deeply( $obj1, $obj2, "obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2" );

Perform a "deep" comparison of the two objects

(created in different ways)

Testing A Simple Class#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 8;

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

ok( my $obj2 = myObj->new(), "can create a myObj not specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj2, 'myObj' );

ok( $obj2->set_name( 'test1' ), "can set name" );ok( 'test1' eq $obj2->get_name(), "can get name" );

is_deeply( $obj1, $obj2, "obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2" );

Specify the number of tests we intend to run

$ prove -v testobj.ttestobj....1..8ok 1 - use myObj;ok 2 - can create a myObj specifying valuesok 3 - The object isa myObjok 4 - can create a myObj not specifying valuesok 5 - The object isa myObjok 6 - can set nameok 7 - can get nameok 8 - obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2okAll tests successful.Files=1, Tests=8, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.02 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.03 CPU)

Output:

Testing A Simple Class

That's great

but...

how does that help me? :-|

$ cat testindex.t...BEGIN { use_ok( 'index.zfml' ) };...

$ prove testindex.t testindex....# Failed test 'use index.zfml;'# in testindex.t at line 8.# Tried to use 'index.zfml'.# Error: syntax error at (eval 3) line 2, near "use index."# Looks like you failed 1 test of 1.testindex....dubious Test returned status 1 (wstat 256, 0x100)DIED. FAILED test 1 Failed 1/1 tests, 0.00% okayFailed Test Stat Wstat Total Fail List of Failed---------------------------------------------------------------------testindex.t 1 256 1 1 1Failed 1/1 test scripts. 1/1 subtests failed.Files=1, Tests=1, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.03 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.04 CPU)Failed 1/1 test programs. 1/1 subtests failed.

Testing Zfml

Ensuring your code is

high* quality**

* for some values of high

** for some values of quality

IntroducingPerl::Critic and perlcriticPerl::Critic(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Perl::Critic(3)

NAME Perl::Critic - Critique Perl source code for best-practices

SYNOPSIS use Perl::Critic; my $file = shift; my $critic = Perl::Critic->new(); my @violations = $critic->critique($file); print @violations;

DESCRIPTION Perl::Critic is an extensible framework for creating and applying coding standards to Perl source code. Essentially, it is a static source code analysis engine. Perl::Critic is distributed with a number of Perl::Critic::Policy modules that attempt to enforce various coding guidelines. Most Policy modules are based on Damian Conway's book Perl Best Practices.

IntroducingPerl::Critic and perlcriticPERLCRITIC(1) User Contributed Perl Documentation PERLCRITIC(1)

NAME "perlcritic" - Command-line interface to critique Perl source

SYNOPSIS perlcritic [-12345 | -severity number] [-noprofile | -profile file] [-top [ number ]] [-include pattern] [-exclude pattern] [-theme expression] [-verbose number | format] [-list] [-only | -noonly] [-force | -noforce] [-nocolor] [-Version] [-help] [-man] [-quiet] [FILE | DIRECTORY | STDIN]

DESCRIPTION "perlcritic" is a Perl source code analyzer. It is the executable front-end to the Perl::Critic engine, which attempts to identify awkward, hard to read, error-prone, or unconventional constructs in your code. Most of the rules are based on Damian Conway's book Perl Best Practices.

Don't worry, it's all in perldoc.

$ perlcritic -1 myObj.pm RCS keywords $Id$ not found at line 1, column 1. See page 441 of PBP. (Severity: 2)RCS keywords $Revision$, $HeadURL$, $Date$ not found at line 1, column 1. See page 441 of PBP. (Severity: 2)RCS keywords $Revision$, $Source$, $Date$ not found at line 1, column 1. See page 441 of PBP. (Severity: 2)No "VERSION" variable found at line 1, column 1. See page 404 of PBP. (Severity: 2)Code is not tidy at line 1, column 1. See page 33 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Subroutine does not end with "return" at line 16, column 1. See page 197 of PBP. (Severity: 4)

Working with perlcritic

$ perlcritic -1 myObj.pm RCS keywords $Id$ not found at line 1, column 1. See page 441 of PBP. (Severity: 2)RCS keywords $Revision$, $HeadURL$, $Date$ not found at line 1, column 1. See page 441 of PBP. (Severity: 2)RCS keywords $Revision$, $Source$, $Date$ not found at line 1, column 1. See page 441 of PBP. (Severity: 2)No "VERSION" variable found at line 1, column 1. See page 404 of PBP. (Severity: 2)Code is not tidy at line 1, column 1. See page 33 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Subroutine does not end with "return" at line 16, column 1. See page 197 of PBP. (Severity: 4)

Working with perlcritic

$ cat .perlcriticrc [-Miscellanea::RequireRcsKeywords][-Modules::RequireVersionVar]

Working with .perlcriticrc

$ perlcritic -1 myObj.pm Code is not tidy at line 1, column 1. See page 33 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Subroutine does not end with "return" at line 16, column 1. See page 197 of PBP. (Severity: 4)

Working with perlcritic

$ perlcritic -1 myObj.pm Code is not tidy at line 1, column 1. See page 33 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Subroutine does not end with "return" at line 16, column 1. See page 197 of PBP. (Severity: 4)

Working with perlcritic

Working with perlcritic

sub set_name { my $self = shift; $self->{ name } = shift; return;}

$ prove -v testobj.ttestobject....1..8# Failed test 'can set name'# in testobject.t at line 17.# Looks like you failed 1 test of 8.ok 1 - use myObj;ok 2 - can create a myObj specifying valuesok 3 - The object isa myObjok 4 - can create a myObj not specifying valuesok 5 - The object isa myObjnot ok 6 - can set nameok 7 - can get nameok 8 - obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2Files=1, Tests=8, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.03 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.04 CPU)Failed 1/1 test programs. 1/8 subtests failed.

Output:

Working with perlcritic

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More tests => 8;

BEGIN { use_ok( 'myObj' ); }

ok( my $obj1 = myObj->new( name => 'test1' ), "can create a myObj specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj1, 'myObj' );

ok( my $obj2 = myObj->new(), "can create a myObj not specifying values" );isa_ok( $obj2, 'myObj' );

ok( ! $obj2->set_name( 'test1' ), "can set name" );ok( 'test1' eq $obj2->get_name(), "can get name" );

is_deeply( $obj1, $obj2, "obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2" );

The mutator shouldn't return

a value!

Working with perlcritic

$ prove -v testobj.ttestobj....1..8ok 1 - use myObj;ok 2 - can create a myObj specifying valuesok 3 - The object isa myObjok 4 - can create a myObj not specifying valuesok 5 - The object isa myObjok 6 - can set nameok 7 - can get nameok 8 - obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2okAll tests successful.Files=1, Tests=8, 0 wallclock secs ( 0.02 cusr + 0.01 csys = 0.03 CPU)

Output:

Working with perlcritic

Perl::Critic and Zfml$ perlcritic -1 index.zfmlCode not contained in explicit package at line 1, column 1. Violates encapsulation. (Severity: 4)Code before strictures are enabled at line 1, column 1. See page 429 of PBP. (Severity: 5)Code before warnings are enabled at line 1, column 1. See page 431 of PBP. (Severity: 4)Mixed high and low-precedence booleans at line 1, column 1. See page 70 of PBP. (Severity: 4)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 1, column 23. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 1, column 64. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 2, column 13. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Hard tabs used at line 4, column 60. See page 20 of PBP. (Severity: 3)Code not contained in explicit package at line 5, column 54. Violates encapsulation. (Severity: 4)Mixed high and low-precedence booleans at line 5, column 54. See page 70 of PBP. (Severity: 4)Hard tabs used at line 5, column 72. See page 20 of PBP. (Severity: 3)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 5, column 72. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 6, column 26. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Postfix control "for" used at line 6, column 164. See page 96 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Hard tabs used at line 6, column 259. See page 20 of PBP. (Severity: 3)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 6, column 259. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)

Useless interpolation of literal string at line 7, column 23. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Postfix control "for" used at line 7, column 261. See page 96 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Postfix control "for" used at line 7, column 393. See page 96 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Postfix control "for" used at line 7, column 568. See page 96 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Postfix control "for" used at line 7, column 587. See page 96 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Hard tabs used at line 7, column 678. See page 20 of PBP. (Severity: 3)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 7, column 678. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Hard tabs used at line 8, column 24. See page 20 of PBP. (Severity: 3)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 33, column 22. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Mismatched operator at line 34, column 15. Numeric/string operators and operands should match. (Severity: 3)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 34, column 45. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 34, column 64. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Mismatched operator at line 34, column 86. Numeric/string operators and operands should match. (Severity: 3)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 34, column 186. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)Hard tabs used at line 34, column 209. See page 20 of PBP. (Severity: 3)Useless interpolation of literal string at line 34, column 209. See page 51 of PBP. (Severity: 1)

$ perlcritic -1 myObj.pm Code is not tidy at line 1, column 1. See page 33 of PBP. (Severity: 1)

Working with perlcritic

$ perlcritic -1 myObj.pm Code is not tidy at line 1, column 1. See page 33 of PBP. (Severity: 1)

Working with perlcritic

PERLTIDY(1) User Contributed Perl Documentation PERLTIDY(1)

NAME perltidy - a perl script indenter and reformatter

SYNOPSIS perltidy [ options ] file1 file2 file3 ... (output goes to file1.tdy, file2.tdy, ...) perltidy [ options ] file1 -o outfile perltidy [ options ] file1 -st >outfile perltidy [ options ] <infile >outfile

Working with perltidy

$ cat .perltidyrc -l=78 # Max line width is 78 cols-i=2 # Indent level is 2 cols-ci=2 # Continuation indent is 2 cols-lp # line up parenthesis-vt=2 # Maximal vertical tightness-vtc=1 # medium vertical something tightness-cti=1 # No extra indentation for closing brackets-pt=1 # Medium parenthesis tightness-bt=1 # Medium brace tightness-sbt=1 # Medium square bracket tightness-bbt=1 # Medium block brace tightness-nsfs # No space before semicolons-nolq # Don't outdent long quoted strings-wbb="% + - * / x != == >= <= =~ !~ < > | & >= < = **= += *= &= <<= &&= -= /= |= >>= ||= .= %= ^= x=" # Break before all operators-nsak="my local our if elsif until unless while for foreach return switch case given when"-bar-cab=3-wrs="! ," # want right space after these tokens-wls="!" # want left space after !

Working with perltidy

Screencast demonstration

removedfor PDF

ZFML

$ perltidy index.zfml

There is no previous '?' to match a ':' on line 44: <title>AcmeCorp: Widgets, Gadgets and Doodads</title> ^

5: <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8 ... -------------- ^ found bareword where operator expected (previous token underlined)

5: ... ent="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> -^found > where term expected (previous token underlined)

7: <meta NAME="keywords" CONTENT="AcmeCorp, widgets, gadgets ... ---------- ^ found bareword where operator expected (previous token underlined)

9: @import url(/AcmeCorp/templates/gateway85styles.css); ^ found Array where operator expected

Missing ';' above?

9: @import url(/AcmeCorp/templates/gateway85styles.css); ------- ^ found bareword where operator expected (previous token underlined)

9: @import url(/AcmeCorp/templates/gateway85styles.css); ---------^ found bareword where operator expected (previous token underlined)

Missing ';' above?

There is no previous '?' to match a ':' on line 1414: max-height: 140px; /* to fix valid */ ^Missing ';' above?

There is no previous '?' to match a ':' on line 1515: padding: 12px; margin-top: 5px; border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0; ^

There is no previous '?' to match a ':' on line 15

15: padding: 12px; margin-top: 5px; border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0;

^

There is no previous '?' to match a ':' on line 1515: padding: 12px; margin-top: 5px; border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0; ^

$ perlcritic -1 myObj.pm myObj.pm source OK

Working with perlcritic

That's great

but...

how does that help me? :-\

Ensuring your tests

fully exercise your code

Introducing Devel::Cover

Devel::Cover(3) Perl Documentation Devel::Cover(3)

NAME Devel::Cover - Code coverage metrics for Perl

SYNOPSIS perl -MDevel::Cover yourprog args cover

perl -MDevel::Cover=-db,cover_db,-coverage,statement,time yourprog args

To test an uninstalled module:

cover -delete HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES=-MDevel::Cover make test cover

huh?

Introducing Devel::Cover

$ perl -MDevel::Cover testobj.t1..8ok 1 - use myObj;... # some Devel::Cover output snippedok 2 - can create a myObj specifying valuesok 3 - The object isa myObjok 4 - can create a myObj not specifying valuesok 5 - The object isa myObjok 6 - can set nameok 7 - can get nameok 8 - obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2Devel::Cover: Writing coverage database to /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db/runs/1169095517.23575.48192---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------File stmt bran cond sub pod time total---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------myObj.pm 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 23.5 100.0testobj.t 100.0 n/a n/a 100.0 n/a 76.5 100.0Total 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------

Introducingcover

$ coverReading database from /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db

---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------File stmt bran cond sub pod time total---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------myObj.pm 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 23.5 100.0testobj.t 100.0 n/a n/a 100.0 n/a 76.5 100.0Total 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------

Writing HTML output to /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db/coverage.html ...done.

Introducingcover

$ coverReading database from /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db

---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------File stmt bran cond sub pod time total---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------myObj.pm 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 23.5 100.0testobj.t 100.0 n/a n/a 100.0 n/a 76.5 100.0Total 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------

Writing HTML output to /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db/coverage.html ...done.

html?:-D

TweakingDevel::Cover

Devel::Cover(3) Perl Documentation Devel::Cover(3)

OPTIONS

...

-ignore RE - Set REs of files to ignore +ignore RE - Append to REs of files to ignore.

TweakingDevel::Cover

$ perl -MDevel::Cover=+ignore,.*\.t testobj.t1..8ok 1 - use myObj;... # Devel::Cover output snippedIgnoring packages matching: /Devel/Cover[./] .*.t... # Devel::Cover output snippedok 2 - can create a myObj specifying valuesok 3 - The object isa myObjok 4 - can create a myObj not specifying valuesok 5 - The object isa myObjok 6 - can set nameok 7 - can get nameok 8 - obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2Devel::Cover: Writing coverage database to /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db/runs/1169096938.23619.10353---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------File stmt bran cond sub pod time total---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------myObj.pm 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0Total 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------

what happened to prove?

Tweakingprove

$ prove -MDevel::Cover=+ignore,.*\.t testobj.t

Tweakingprove

Unknown option: MUnknown option: eUnknown option: eUnknown option: :Unknown option: :Unknown option: CUnknown option: oUnknown option: eUnknown option: =Unknown option: +Unknown option: iUnknown option: gUnknown option: nUnknown option: oUnknown option: eUnknown option: ,Unknown option: .Unknown option: *Unknown option: .

$ prove -MDevel::Cover=+ignore,.*\.t testobj.t

ouch!

Tweakingprove

$ PERL5OPT=-MDevel::Cover=+ignore,.*\.t prove -v testobj.ttestobj....1..8ok 1 - use myObj;ok 2 - can create a myObj specifying valuesok 3 - The object isa myObjok 4 - can create a myObj not specifying valuesok 5 - The object isa myObjok 6 - can set nameok 7 - can get nameok 8 - obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2okAll tests successful.Files=1, Tests=8, 3 wallclock secs ( 3.18 cusr + 0.08 csys = 3.26 CPU)

Tweakingprove

$ coverReading database from /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db

---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------File stmt bran cond sub pod time total---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------/usr/bin/prove 73.7 43.8 0.0 46.7 n/a 98.0 61.1myObj.pm 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 2.0 100.0Total 78.0 43.8 40.0 60.0 n/a 100.0 66.9---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------

Writing HTML output to /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db/coverage.html ...done.

uh, was that 'prove' in there?

Tweakingprove

$ coverReading database from /Users/kentco

---------------------------- ------ File stmt---------------------------- ------/usr/bin/prove 73.7myObj.pm 100.0

Tweakingprove

$ coverReading database from /Users/kentco

---------------------------- ------ File stmt---------------------------- ------/usr/bin/prove 73.7myObj.pm 100.0

yeah :(

Tweakingprove

$ PERL5OPT=-MDevel::Cover=+ignore,.*\.t,+ignore,prove prove -v testobj.ttestobj....1..8ok 1 - use myObj;ok 2 - can create a myObj specifying valuesok 3 - The object isa myObjok 4 - can create a myObj not specifying valuesok 5 - The object isa myObjok 6 - can set nameok 7 - can get nameok 8 - obj1 seems deeply similar to obj2okAll tests successful.Files=1, Tests=8, 3 wallclock secs ( 3.18 cusr + 0.08 csys = 3.26 CPU)

Saving Some Typing

$ cat MakefileOPENCMD = openBROWSER = /Applications/Safari.appclean: cover -deletetest: prove testobj.tcover: make clean PERL5OPT=-MDevel::Cover=+ignore,.*\.t,+ignore,prove make test 2>&1 cover make reportreport: $(OPENCMD) $(BROWSER) cover_db/coverage.html

Saving Some Typing

$ make covermake cleancover -deleteDeleting database /Users/kentcowgill/cover_dbPERL5OPT=-MDevel::Cover=+ignore,.*\.t,+ignore,prove make test 2>&1prove testobj.ttestobj....1..8testobj....ok All tests successful.Files=1, Tests=8, 7 wallclock secs ( 3.22 cusr + 0.09 csys = 3.31 CPU)coverReading database from /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db

---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------File stmt bran cond sub pod time total---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------myObj.pm 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0Total 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0 n/a 100.0 100.0---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------

Writing HTML output to /Users/kentcowgill/cover_db/coverage.html ... done.make reportopen /Applications/Safari.app cover_db/coverage.html

100% yay!8-D

IntroducingTest::ZFML

Test::Zfml(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Test::Zfml(3)

NAME Test::ZFML - Custom Test:: module built specifically for parsing ZFML.

DESCRIPTION Long has it been lamented that AcmeCorp's implementation of ZFML (and who knows what that really stands for) is unmaintainable, and more importantly untestable.

No more.

Test::ZFML attempts to make the unparseable parseable, the unmaintain- able maintainable, and the untestable testable. It does this by implementing it's own mini ZFML parser and places chunks of ZFML inside their own package, surrounded by their own subroutines which have defined inputs and testable outputs.

UsingTest::ZFML

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

use Test::More qw/no_plan/;use Test::ZFML;use ZFML;

my $p = ZFML->new();

my $file = q[test.zfml];

load_ok( $file, "Loaded ZFML file $file" ); parse_ok( $file, "Parsed ZFML file $file" );evaluate_ok( $file, "Evaluated ZFML file $file" );critique_ok( $file, "Critiqued ZFML file $file" );

That's great

but...

How about a demo?

Screencast demonstration

removedfor PDF

How'd you do that?

Test::Builder::ModuleNAME Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules

SYNOPSIS # Emulates Test::Simple package Your::Module;

my $CLASS = __PACKAGE__;

use base 'Test::Builder::Module'; @EXPORT = qw(ok);

sub ok ($;$) { my $tb = $CLASS->builder; return $tb->ok(@_); }

1;

Test::Builder::ModuleNAME Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules

SYNOPSIS # Emulates Test::Simple package Your::Module;

my $CLASS = __PACKAGE__;

use base 'Test::Builder::Module'; @EXPORT = qw(ok);

sub ok ($;$) { my $tb = $CLASS->builder; return $tb->ok(@_); }

1;

Start Here

package Test::ZFML;

use strict;use warnings;

use Perl::Critic qw/critique/;use Test::HTML::Lint ();use Carp;

use lib '/Users/kentcowgill/acmecorp/lib';use ZFML;

use vars qw/$VERSION @ISA @EXPORT %EXPORT_TAGS $TODO/;

use base q/Test::Builder::Module/;

@EXPORT = qw/load_ok parse_ok evaluate_ok critique_ok replace_ok contains_ok lacks_ok html_ok/;

Test::ZFML

package Test::ZFML;

use strict;use warnings;

use Perl::Critic qw/critique/;use Test::HTML::Lint ();use Carp;

use lib '/Users/kentcowgill/acmecorp/lib';use ZFML;

use vars qw/$VERSION @ISA @EXPORT %EXPORT_TAGS $TODO/;

use base q/Test::Builder::Module/;

@EXPORT = qw/load_ok parse_ok evaluate_ok critique_ok replace_ok contains_ok lacks_ok html_ok/;

Standard stuff

Test::ZFML

# global regexesmy $includeparse = qr/<!--\s+__(TEMPLATE[\sA-Z]*?)__\s*?\n(.*?)\n-->/s;my $htmlparse = qr/<!--\s+__([ A-Z_]+)__\s*\n(.*?)\n-->/s;my $zfmlparse = qr/(<!--\s+__(?:EVAL|INIT|POST) [^ ]+__\s*\n.*?\n-->)/s;my $zfmlextract = qr/<!--\s+__(EVAL|INIT|POST) ([^ ]+)__\s*\n(.*?)\n-->/s;

Test::ZFML

# global regexesmy $includeparse = qr/<!--\s+__(TEMPLATE[\sA-Z]*?)__\s*?\n(.*?)\n-->/s;my $htmlparse = qr/<!--\s+__([ A-Z_]+)__\s*\n(.*?)\n-->/s;my $zfmlparse = qr/(<!--\s+__(?:EVAL|INIT|POST) [^ ]+__\s*\n.*?\n-->)/s;my $zfmlextract = qr/<!--\s+__(EVAL|INIT|POST) ([^ ]+)__\s*\n(.*?)\n-->/s;

Icky regexes

Test::ZFML

sub load_ok { my $desc; ( $file_to_test, $desc ) = @_; _load_file( $file_to_test ); $zfml_filestate = LOADED; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

# minimal (testable) sanity check, ensures that # $file_contents has contents $tb->ok( $file_contents, $desc );}

Test::ZFML

sub load_ok { my $desc; ( $file_to_test, $desc ) = @_; _load_file( $file_to_test ); $zfml_filestate = LOADED; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

# minimal (testable) sanity check, ensures that # $file_contents has contents $tb->ok( $file_contents, $desc );}

Load the file

Test::ZFML

sub _load_file { $file_to_test = shift; _get_contents( \$file_contents, $file_to_test ); push @vars, grep { ! /^\$(ENV|inp)/ } $file_contents =~ m/(\$[A-Z_]+)/g; return;}

Test::ZFML

sub _load_file { $file_to_test = shift; _get_contents( \$file_contents, $file_to_test ); push @vars, grep { ! /^\$(ENV|inp)/ } $file_contents =~ m/(\$[A-Z_]+)/g; return;}

Just does a slurp

Test::ZFML

sub parse_ok { my( $file, $p, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; croak 'You must load the file first' if $zfml_filestate != LOADED; _parse_file( $p ); $zfml_filestate = PARSED; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

# minimal (testable) sanity check, ensures that # $stuff got stuffed $tb->ok( $stuff, $desc );}

Test::ZFML

sub parse_ok { my( $file, $p, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; croak 'You must load the file first' if $zfml_filestate != LOADED; _parse_file( $p ); $zfml_filestate = PARSED; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

# minimal (testable) sanity check, ensures that # $stuff got stuffed $tb->ok( $stuff, $desc );} Parse the

file

Test::ZFML

sub _parse_file { my( $p ) = @_;

# grab the executable hunks of perl code my @zfml = $file_contents =~ /$zfmlparse/g; $file_contents =~ s/$zfmlparse//g;

# grab the hunks that are responsible for templates my %includes = $file_contents =~ /$includeparse/g; $file_contents =~ s/$includeparse//g;

# finally, grab the hunks that get turned into HTML my %zfmlvars = $file_contents =~ /$htmlparse/g; $file_contents =~ s/$htmlparse//g;

...

Test::ZFML

sub _parse_file { my( $p ) = @_;

# grab the executable hunks of perl code my @zfml = $file_contents =~ /$zfmlparse/g; $file_contents =~ s/$zfmlparse//g;

# grab the hunks that are responsible for templates my %includes = $file_contents =~ /$includeparse/g; $file_contents =~ s/$includeparse//g;

# finally, grab the hunks that get turned into HTML my %zfmlvars = $file_contents =~ /$htmlparse/g; $file_contents =~ s/$htmlparse//g;

...

Really parse it

Test::ZFML

...

for my $key( keys %includes ){ # process all the include files :) my $tb = Test::Zfml->builder; $tb->ok( _get_includes( $key, $includes{ $key }, $file_to_test ), "Included $key file $includes{ $key }" ); }

for my $key( keys %zfmlvars ){ $p->var->{$key} = $zfmlvars{$key}; }

for my $zfml( @zfml ){ if( $zfml =~ m/$zfmlextract/s ) { push @{ $stuff->{$1} }, { $2 => $3 }; } }} # end

Test::ZFML

...

for my $key( keys %includes ){ # process all the include files :) my $tb = Test::Zfml->builder; $tb->ok( _get_includes( $key, $includes{ $key }, $file_to_test ), "Included $key file $includes{ $key }" ); }

for my $key( keys %zfmlvars ){ $p->var->{$key} = $zfmlvars{$key}; }

for my $zfml( @zfml ){ if( $zfml =~ m/$zfmlextract/s ) { push @{ $stuff->{$1} }, { $2 => $3 }; } }} # end

Chug through

it

Test::ZFML

sub _get_includes { my( $name, $file, $fromfile ) = @_; my $filepath = "$webroot/$file";

if( $filepath =~ /\$VERSION/ ){ $filepath =~ s/\$VERSION/$version/; }

if( $filepath =~ /\$LOCAL/ ){ my $path = $fromfile; $path =~ s/^.+?\/(.+)\/[a-z\.]+$/$version\/$1/; $filepath =~ s/\$LOCAL/$path/; }

my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder(); $tb->ok( -e $filepath, "Inlude/Template file ($filepath) Exists" );

...

Test::ZFML

sub _get_includes { my( $name, $file, $fromfile ) = @_; my $filepath = "$webroot/$file";

if( $filepath =~ /\$VERSION/ ){ $filepath =~ s/\$VERSION/$version/; }

if( $filepath =~ /\$LOCAL/ ){ my $path = $fromfile; $path =~ s/^.+?\/(.+)\/[a-z\.]+$/$version\/$1/; $filepath =~ s/\$LOCAL/$path/; }

my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder(); $tb->ok( -e $filepath, "Inlude/Template file ($filepath) Exists" );

...

Process included

files

Test::ZFML

...

open( my $tmp, '<', $filepath ) or die "can't open include file"; my @file = <$tmp>; my $contents; for my $line ( @file ){ $contents .= $line; if( $line =~ m/\$([A-Z]+)\s/ ){ eval "\$testzfml::$1 = 'dummy content'"; } if( $line =~ m/var->{'([A-Z_]+)'}/ ){ eval "\$testzfml::$1 = 'dummy content'"; } } my %includes = $contents =~ /$includeparse/g; for my $key( keys %includes ){ _get_includes( $key, $includes{ $key }, $file ); } close( $tmp );}

Test::ZFML

...

open( my $tmp, '<', $filepath ) or die "can't open include file"; my @file = <$tmp>; my $contents; for my $line ( @file ){ $contents .= $line; if( $line =~ m/\$([A-Z]+)\s/ ){ eval "\$testzfml::$1 = 'dummy content'"; } if( $line =~ m/var->{'([A-Z_]+)'}/ ){ eval "\$testzfml::$1 = 'dummy content'"; } } my %includes = $contents =~ /$includeparse/g; for my $key( keys %includes ){ _get_includes( $key, $includes{ $key }, $file ); } close( $tmp );}

Evaluate, evaluate, evaluate

Test::ZFML

sub evaluate_ok { my( $file, $p, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; croak 'You must parse the file first' if $zfml_filestate != PARSED; $zfml_filestate = EVALED; for my $hunk ( keys %{$stuff} ) { for my $evals ( @{ $stuff->{$hunk} } ) { for my $var ( keys %{$evals} ) { _evaluate_code( $p, $hunk, $var, $evals->{$var}, $file, $desc ); } } }

# loads everything into memory for testing require $_ for @cov_files; ## no critic}

Test::ZFML

sub evaluate_ok { my( $file, $p, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; croak 'You must parse the file first' if $zfml_filestate != PARSED; $zfml_filestate = EVALED; for my $hunk ( keys %{$stuff} ) { for my $evals ( @{ $stuff->{$hunk} } ) { for my $var ( keys %{$evals} ) { _evaluate_code( $p, $hunk, $var, $evals->{$var}, $file, $desc ); } } }

# loads everything into memory for testing require $_ for @cov_files; ## no critic}

Really evaluate

it

Test::ZFML

sub _evaluate_code { my( $p, $eval_init, $name, $hunk, $file, $desc ) = @_; $file =~ s/.*\/(.*)$/$1/; my $subname = "$eval_init$name"; $hunk = _wrap_hunk( $hunk, $subname ); my $filename = "$file.$subname"; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

# Writing the contents out to a file so I can run # the tests with Devel::Cover turned on. open my $cov, '>', ".$filename"; print {$cov} $hunk; close $cov; push @cov_files, ".$filename"; eval "require '.$filename';"; ## no critic $tb->ok( ! $@, "$desc chunk ( $filename ) $@" ); eval "testzfml::$subname( \$p );"; die "eval failed - $@" if $@;}

Test::ZFML

sub _evaluate_code { my( $p, $eval_init, $name, $hunk, $file, $desc ) = @_; $file =~ s/.*\/(.*)$/$1/; my $subname = "$eval_init$name"; $hunk = _wrap_hunk( $hunk, $subname ); my $filename = "$file.$subname"; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

# Writing the contents out to a file so I can run # the tests with Devel::Cover turned on. open my $cov, '>', ".$filename"; print {$cov} $hunk; close $cov; push @cov_files, ".$filename"; eval "require '.$filename';"; ## no critic $tb->ok( ! $@, "$desc chunk ( $filename ) $@" ); eval "testzfml::$subname( \$p );"; die "eval failed - $@" if $@;}

Write out files for Code Coverage

Test::ZFML

sub _wrap_hunk { my( $hunk, $subname ) = @_;

# HEREDOCs inside eval aren't recognizable as HEREDOCs. # This re-quotes HEREDOCs as q()/qq() strings. if( $hunk =~ m/<</s ) {

# replace all intended quoting chars with an HTML entity $hunk =~ s/\|/&#124;/gs; $hunk =~ s/=\s* # start of an assignment << # involving a heredoc ('|") # using a quoting delimiter

(?{ $1 eq q(") ? 'qq' : 'q' }) # which we'll remember in $^R

([A-Z]+) # next the heredoc token \1; # close quoting delimiter (.*?)\n # the heredoc \2 # closing heredoc token /= $^R|$3|;/gsx; # replace with quoting }

...

Test::ZFML

sub _wrap_hunk { my( $hunk, $subname ) = @_;

# HEREDOCs inside eval aren't recognizable as HEREDOCs. # This re-quotes HEREDOCs as q()/qq() strings. if( $hunk =~ m/<</s ) {

# replace all intended quoting chars with an HTML entity $hunk =~ s/\|/&#124;/gs; $hunk =~ s/=\s* # start of an assignment << # involving a heredoc ('|") # using a quoting delimiter

(?{ $1 eq q(") ? 'qq' : 'q' }) # which we'll remember in $^R

([A-Z]+) # next the heredoc token \1; # close quoting delimiter (.*?)\n # the heredoc \2 # closing heredoc token /= $^R|$3|;/gsx; # replace with quoting }

...

Wrap Heredocs

Test::ZFML

...

my $chunk;

# wrap the hunk with its own package, strictures and # warnings enabled, a sigwarn handler that causes eval # errors ($@) to throw a test ok() error, and callable via a # subroutine call. $chunk = <<"EOC";package testzfml;use strict;use warnings;use ZFML;BEGIN { \$SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { die \$_[0] } } ## no criticsub $subname {$hunk}1;EOC

return $chunk;}

Test::ZFML

...

my $chunk;

# wrap the hunk with its own package, strictures and # warnings enabled, a sigwarn handler that causes eval # errors ($@) to throw a test ok() error, and callable via a # subroutine call. $chunk = <<"EOC";package testzfml;use strict;use warnings;use ZFML;BEGIN { \$SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { die \$_[0] } } ## no criticsub $subname {$hunk}1;EOC

return $chunk;}

Wrap it in it's own

namespace

Test::ZFML

sub critique_ok { my( $file, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; for my $hunk ( keys %{$stuff} ) { for my $evals ( @{ $stuff->{$hunk} } ) { for my $var ( keys %{$evals} ) { _critique_code( $hunk, $var, $evals->{$var}, $desc ); } } }}

Test::ZFML

sub critique_ok { my( $file, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; for my $hunk ( keys %{$stuff} ) { for my $evals ( @{ $stuff->{$hunk} } ) { for my $var ( keys %{$evals} ) { _critique_code( $hunk, $var, $evals->{$var}, $desc ); } } }}

Critique it

Test::ZFML

sub _critique_code { my( $eval_init, $name, $hunk, $desc ) = @_; my $subname = "$eval_init$name"; my $problems = 0;

$hunk = _wrap_hunk( $hunk, $subname ); my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

for my $violation ( critique( { -severity => 1, -verbose => 1 }, \$hunk ) ){ $tb->ok( ! $violation, "Critique problem: $violation" ); $problems++; } $tb->ok( ! $problems, "$desc chunk ( $subname )" ); return;}

Test::ZFML

sub _critique_code { my( $eval_init, $name, $hunk, $desc ) = @_; my $subname = "$eval_init$name"; my $problems = 0;

$hunk = _wrap_hunk( $hunk, $subname ); my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

for my $violation ( critique( { -severity => 1, -verbose => 1 }, \$hunk ) ){ $tb->ok( ! $violation, "Critique problem: $violation" ); $problems++; } $tb->ok( ! $problems, "$desc chunk ( $subname )" ); return;}

Report violations

Test::ZFML

sub replace_ok { my( $file, $p, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

for my $var (@vars) { my $varname = $var; $varname =~ s/^\$//; my $pname = $p->var->{$varname}; $tb->ok( $p->var->{$varname}, "$varname found in $file" ); $file_contents =~ s/\Q$var\E/$pname/g; } my %input = %{ $p->input }; $file_contents =~ s/\$(input\{)'?([A-Za-z_]+)'?\}/\$$1$2}/g; eval "\$file_contents = qq|$file_contents|;";}

Test::ZFML

sub replace_ok { my( $file, $p, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder;

for my $var (@vars) { my $varname = $var; $varname =~ s/^\$//; my $pname = $p->var->{$varname}; $tb->ok( $p->var->{$varname}, "$varname found in $file" ); $file_contents =~ s/\Q$var\E/$pname/g; } my %input = %{ $p->input }; $file_contents =~ s/\$(input\{)'?([A-Za-z_]+)'?\}/\$$1$2}/g; eval "\$file_contents = qq|$file_contents|;";}

Replace special

variables

Test::ZFML

Test::ZFML

sub contains_ok { my( $file, $p, $regex, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; $p->render(); my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder; $tb->like( $file_contents, $regex, $desc );}

Test::ZFML

sub contains_ok { my( $file, $p, $regex, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; $p->render(); my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder; $tb->like( $file_contents, $regex, $desc );}

Check its'

contents

sub lacks_ok { my( $file, $p, $regex, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; $p->render(); my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder; $tb->unlike( $file_contents, $regex, $desc );}

Test::ZFML

sub lacks_ok { my( $file, $p, $regex, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; $p->render(); my $tb = Test::ZFML->builder; $tb->unlike( $file_contents, $regex, $desc );}

Make sure it doesn't have specific bits

Test::ZFML

sub html_ok { my( $file, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; Test::HTML::Lint::html_ok( $file_contents, $desc ); return;}

Test::ZFML

sub html_ok { my( $file, $desc ) = @_; croak 'wrong file' if $file ne $file_to_test; Test::HTML::Lint::html_ok( $file_contents, $desc ); return;}

Check the HTML

Test::ZFML

Putting it all together

• Test::More

• prove

• Perl::Critic

• Devel::Cover

• Makefile

• Test::ZFML

The Test File

Screencast demonstration

removedfor PDF

The MakefileKent-Cowgills-Computer(~/acmecorp)$ cat Makefile OPENCMD = openBROWSER = /Applications/Safari.appclean: cover -deletetest: prove t/verbose: prove -v t/shuffle: prove -s t/cover: make clean PERL5OPT=-MDevel::Cover=+ignore,prove,+ignore,lib.*\.pm,+ignore,zfml\.t make test cover make reportreport: $(OPENCMD) $(BROWSER) cover_db/coverage.html

Running Tests

Kent-Cowgills-Computer(~/acmecorp)$ make testprove t/t/artdesign-zfml....ok t/index-zfml........ok t/testlogin-zfml....ok All tests successful.Files=3, Tests=59, 2 wallclock secs ( 1.24 cusr + 0.20 csys = 1.44 CPU)

Test Failure

Kent-Cowgills-Computer(~/acmecorp)$ make testprove t/t/artdesign-zfml....ok 1/29 # Failed test 'HTML passes Lint test'# in /Users/kentcowgill/acmecorp/lib/Test/ZFML.pm at line 136.

Test Code CoverageKent-Cowgills-Computer(~/acmecorp)$ make covermake cleancover -deleteDeleting database /Users/kentcowgill/acmecorp/cover_dbPERL5OPT=-MDevel::Cover=-ignore,prove,+ignore,lib.*\.pm,+ignore,zfml\.t make testprove t/t/artdesign-zfml....ok t/index-zfml........ok t/testlogin-zfml....ok All tests successful.Files=3, Tests=59, 22 wallclock secs (18.46 cusr + 0.48 csys = 18.94 CPU)coverReading database from /Users/kentcowgill/acmecorp/cover_dbDevel::Cover: merging data for .artdesign.zfml.EVALCOPYRIGHT_YEAR into .index.zfml.EVALCOPYRIGHT_YEAR

Test Code Coverage

---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------File stmt bran cond sub pod time total---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------.artdesign.zfml.INITSETUP 100.0 n/a n/a 100.0 n/a 12.9 100.0.index.zfml.EVALCOPYRIGHT_YEAR 92.3 n/a n/a 100.0 n/a 63.9 94.4.index.zfml.INITSETUP 100.0 n/a n/a 100.0 n/a 11.5 100.0.testlogin.zfml.INITFORM 100.0 75.0 n/a 100.0 n/a 11.8 96.0Total 98.3 75.0 n/a 100.0 n/a 100.0 97.6---------------------------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------

Writing HTML output to /Users/kentcowgill/acmecorp/cover_db/coverage.html ... done.make reportopen /Applications/Safari.app cover_db/coverage.html

Continued...

Test Code Coverage

Sweet!=D

Functional Testing

Introducing Test::WWW::MechanizeTest::WWW::Mechanize(3) Test::WWW::Mechanize(3)

NAME Test::WWW::Mechanize - Testing-specific WWW::Mechanize subclass

VERSION Version 1.12

SYNOPSIS Test::WWW::Mechanize is a subclass of WWW::Mechanize that incorporates features for web application testing. For example:

$mech->get_ok( $page ); $mech->base_is( 'http://petdance.com/', 'Proper <BASE HREF>' ); $mech->title_is( "Invoice Status", "On the invoice page" ); $mech->content_contains( "Andy Lester", "My name somewhere" ); $mech->content_like( qr/(cpan|perl)\.org/, "Link: perl or CPAN" );

Planetary::DblClick_tag.pm#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

#use Test::More tests => 40;use Test::More 'no_plan';use Test::WWW::Mechanize;

...

Planetary::DblClick_tag.pm#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;use warnings;

#use Test::More tests => 40;use Test::More 'no_plan';use Test::WWW::Mechanize;

# .fwpwd contains my AcmeCorp user id and passwordour( $AcmeCorp_username, $AcmeCorp_password );require '/Users/kentcowgill/acmecorp/.fwpwd';

# create a new Test::WWW:Mechanize object.my $ua = Test::WWW::Mechanize->new;

...

Planetary::DblClick_tag.pm...

# first, get the home page$ua->get_ok( "http://test.AcmeCorp.com", "Check base URL" );

# log in (using kcowgill credentials)$ua->form_number( 1 );$ua->field( 'EMAIL_ADDRESS', $AcmeCorp_username );$ua->field( 'PASSWORD', $AcmeCorp_password );$ua->click( 'returnLogin' );

# basic sanity check that we're on the right page (/AcmeCorp/my/index)$ua->content_contains( "Hi, Kent!", "received greeting message" );

...

Planetary::DblClick_tag.pm...

# grab the iframe src tagmy( $iframe ) = $ua->content =~ m/iframe .*src="([^"]+)"/;

# make sure it's got the right stuff in it.like( $iframe, qr/site=fw/, 'got site=fw in iframe src tag' );like( $iframe, qr/affiliate=fw/, 'got affiliate=fw in iframe src tag' );like( $iframe, qr/app=(?:my|other)/, 'got app=my in iframe src tag' );

...

Planetary::DblClick_tag.pm$ prove -v dblclick.t dblclick....ok 1 - Check base URLok 2 - received greeting messageok 3 - got site=ac in iframe src tagok 4 - got affiliate=ac in iframe src tagok 5 - got app=tango in iframe src tagok 6 - got size=160x600 in iframe src tagok 7 - got pp=1 in iframe src tagok 8 - got path=$ID in iframe src tagok 9 - got dcpc=606 in iframe src tagok 10 - got ge=2 in iframe src tagok 11 - got age=19 in iframe src tagok 12 - got widget=14 in iframe src tagok 13 - got wango=5 in iframe src tagok 14 - got state=30 in iframe src tagok 15 - got tango=3.8 in iframe src tagok 16 - got doodad=0 in iframe src tagok 17 - got gadget=0075 in iframe src tagok 18 - got mtfnpy=4 in iframe src tag...okAll tests successful.Files=1, Tests=38, 8 wallclock secs ( 0.27 cusr + 0.08 csys = 0.35 CPU)

How To Get

Started

The VIM Plugin

The VIM Plugin

Screencast demonstration

removedfor PDF

The VIM Plugin

The Perl Module

The Perl Module

Screencast demonstration

removedfor PDF

The Perl Module

~fin~

References•Wikipedia:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_testinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Case

•Testing Reference card:http://pub.langworth.com/perl_test_refcard.pdf

•Test modules:http://search.cpan.org/dist/Test-Simple/

•ViM script:http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1985

•Test::StubGenerator:http://search.cpan.org/dist/Test-StubGenerator/

•Screencast software (Mac only):http://www.ambrosiasw.com/utilities/snapzprox/

•Cats:http://icanhascheezburger.com/