ten essential unix commands

8/12/2019 Ten Essential Unix Commands

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Ten ESSENTIAL UNIX Commands

These are ten commands that you really need to know in order to get started with UNIX. They are

probably similar to commands you already know for another operating system.

Command Example Description

1. ls lsls -alF

ists files in current directoryist in long format

!. cd cd tempdir

cd ..

cd "dhyatt#web-docs

$hange directory to tempdir

%o&e back one directory

%o&e into dhyatt's web-docs directory

(. mkdir mkdir graphics %ake a directory called graphics

). rmdir rmdir emptydir *emo&e directory +must be empty,

. cp cp file1 web-docs

cp file1 file1.bak

$opy file into directory

%ake backup of file1

. rm rm file1.bak

rm /.tmp

*emo&e or delete file

*emo&e all file

0. mv m& old.html new.html %o&e or rename files

. more more inde2.html ook at file3 one page at a time

4. lpr lpr inde2.html 5end file to printer

16. man man ls 7nline manual +help, about command

Ten VALUABLE UNIX Commands

7nce you ha&e mastered the basic UNIX commands3 these will be 8uite &aluable in managing

your own account.


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1. grep str!"iles! grep 9bad word9 / Find which files contain a certain word

!. c#mod opt!

"ile!

chmod )) /.html

chmod 0 file.e2e

$hange file permissions read only

$hange file permissions to e2ecutable

(. pass$d passwd $hange passwd

). ps opt! ps au2

ps au2 % grep dhyatt

ist all running processes by :I;

ist process :I;'s running by dhyatt

. kill opt! ID! kill -4 )(


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1. $#o who ists who is logged on your machine

!. "inger finger ists who is on computers in the lab

(. ,talk

)ser.place!

ytalk

dhyatt?threat

Talk online with dhyatt who is on threat

). #istor, history ists commands you'&e done recently

. "ort)ne fortune Arint random humerous message

. date date Arint out current date

0. cal mo! ,r! cal 4 !666 Arint calendar for 5eptember !666

. xe,es 2eyes B


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). gimp gimp B *un photoshop type program

. ispell "name! ispell file1 5pell check file1

. latex "name! late2 file.te2 *un aTeX3 a scientific document tool

0. xemacs + pico 2emacs +or pico, ;ifferent editors

. so""ice soffice B *un 5tar7ffice3 a full word processor

4. m1tools &mdir2 mcop,2

mdel2 m"ormat2 etc3 (

mdir aD

mcopy file1 aD

;75 commands from UNIX +dir ED,

$opy file1 to ED

16. gn)plot gnuplot Alot data graphically

Ten USE-UL UNIX Commands4

These ten commands are useful for monitoring system access3 or simplifying your own

en&ironment.


1. d" df 5ee how much free disk space

!. d) du -b subdir stimate disk usage of directory in Gytes

(. alias alias llsH9ls -alF9 $reate new command 9lls9 for long format of ls

). x#ost 2host = [email protected]

2host -

Aermit window to display from 2-window

program from threat

Ellow no 2-window access from other systems

. "old fold -s file1 % lpr Fold or break long lines at 6 characters andsend to printer

. tar tar -cf subdir.tar subdir

tar -2&f subdir.tar

$reate an archi&e called subdir.tar of a directory

2tract files from an archi&e file


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0. g#ostvie$

&gv(

g& filename.ps iew a Aostscript file

. ping

&tracero)te(

ping [email protected]

traceroutewww.yahoo.com

5ee if machine is ali&e

Arint data path to a machine

4. top top Arint system usage and top resource hogs

16. logo)t &exit( logout or e2it Jow to 8uit a UNIX shell.

ten essential unix commands

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