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A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC All Rights Reserved 1 Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16

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Page 1: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │1

Technology Advances in Vehicle

Control & Braking

09/29/16

Page 2: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │2

…These systems can stop, but not control stopping distance or stability

│2

For almost 100 years braking was based on robust

mechanical systems for trains and trucks…

Page 3: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │3│3

1996

2004

2009

20112015

ABS ATC

ESP

WingmanFUSION

ABS / ATC ESP

In the beginning of the AV future, there was ABS…

Traction & ABS

Full Stability

Following DistanceImpactStationary Object

Lane DepartureCollision Alert

RSD ESC CMS

Foundations:

Regulations:

OverspeedAlertAlert Prioritization

Wingman ACB

Wingman Advanced

WSSECU

SASYAW/LAS

RADAR

RADAR

RADARCAMERA

Page 4: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │4│4

More sensors; outside inputs = more information

Analyze information to determine appropriate response

Speed & direction variation to mitigate situation

Driver & system performance data available from system

5-I’s of Active Safety & Future Autonomy

In order to allow DAS systems going forward to mitigate larger amountsof crash energy, evolution of all elements are required

Object andsituationarbitration

More, enhancedcameras & radars

Much stronger decleration & steering intervention

Telematics, data for driver education

│4

IntelligenceInformation Intervention Insight

Integrity

Page 5: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │5

Why vehicle control and braking is important…

Truck rollover video

Page 6: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │6

Individual WHEEL control

Wheel Speed Sensors (Information)

+

Electronic Control Unit (Intelligence):

Deliver information to the ABS system to avoid skidding

and loss of control

Truck wheel ABS’ing Video

Page 7: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │7

Individual VEHICLE control

Lateral acceleration, Yaw Rate and Steering Angle sensors are the foundation

for Electronic Stability Control (ESC)….

Page 8: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │8

Information + Intelligence = Intervention

No Full Stability (ESC) System Full Stability ESC System

Doubles on Ice Video

Page 9: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │9

Control VEHICLE in Relation to ENVIRONMENT

Linear Frequency Modulation

(FM)

Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)

Both FM and FSK (FMFSK)

Early Vehicle Radar

Systems (1980’s)

│9

Passive

Camera

Lane Detection

Object Detection

Radars + Cameras

Page 10: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │10

FusionCamera

Brakes

Radar

More information into the system….

… more robust interventions earlier, with less false activations

Page 11: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │11

Radar is accurate in: � Distance� Relative velocity� Independent of visibility

But, limited resolution of: � Lane relevance� Object size� Object elevation� Object classification

Video is accurate in: � Relevant lane recognition� Object size� Object elevation� Object classification

But limited in: � Distance triangulation� Relative velocity� Poor weather/visibility

│11

Radar and Camera – Complementary Technologies

When you make a decision, it’s better to have more than one source of information!

Page 12: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │12

Radar + Camera = More Robust Interventions Earlier

│12

Sensor Fusion video

Page 13: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │13

ATCRollYawABSSystem StatusTire conditionsDriver alertsSpeedGPSOdometerCollision MitigationCollision WarningStationary Object AlertImpact AlertLane DepartureLane ChangeExcessive Curve….

ESP

Wingman

SmarTire

AutoVue

ABS / ATC

Vehicle

Inputs Data Consolidation Use Benefits

Web Site

SafetyDirect®

Severe Event Infow/ Video

Driver Scorecards

Tire, System &Vehicle Alerts

Diagnostics

SDP

Telematics

Insight from Systems – Actionable Safety

Page 14: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │14

Customer Solutions

“…They claimed under oath that the hood flew up because we hit them first. At the conclusion of the proceeding, we revealed that we had a video showing that not to be true….. “

-- Director of Safety, SafetyDirect Customer

Hood popping up video

Page 15: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │15

Path to Autonomous Commercial Vehicles

� Automatic following� Optimization of air-resistance (cv) under

safe traffic conditions

Platooning

� Controlled, monitored lane change, executed by the system per driverdemand

� Automatic rear docking & coupling� Automatic vehicle positioning in a lane

Autonomous control of selectmaneuvers / functions Bendix Trucks Platooning Video

Page 16: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │16

NoInformation

Level 0 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

Driver OnlyDriver Assistance

Partial

Automation

Conditional

AutomationHighAutomation

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)

Increasing levels of on-vehicle assistance / automation

Increasing communication between vehicles and infrastructure

Cooperative

Automation

FullAutomation

Level 5

*SAE Levels of Driving Automation for On-Road Vehicles

The path to autonomous vehicles involves

sensors + communication

+

Page 17: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │17

Today Tomorrow < 2021 Future >2021

Longitudinal Control Lateral + Longitudinal Control Redundancy = Fail Safe

i

Need for Data will further increase on the road to Automo us Driving

Driver Assistance Systems:

Full Stability + Collision Warning & Mitigation +

Lane Departure Warning + Vehicle & Driver Data

ADVANCED Driver Assistance Systems:

Driver Supported PlatooningLane Keeping

Select Traffic ApplicationsPredictive Vehicle & Driver Data

Semi-Autonomous Applications

Highway Auto-PilotAdvanced Auto-PilotPlatooning “Trains”V2X Connectivity

Roadmap to Automous Driving

Page 18: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

Knorr-Bremse Group

� Vienna convention for Europe and signatorycountries

� Product liability – law of least probable risk vs. Transition of responsibiltiy to OEMs and DAS suppliers

� Societal acceptance of autonomous vehicles

Challenges for future Autonomous Vehicle development need to be resolvedbefore commercializationLegal & Societal challenges

� Loss of communication (V2I, V2V, slow safetyrelevant, real time safety relevant)

� Integrity of data and software (failures, sabotage/manipulation, distortions)

Data security & integrity

� Mitigation of transition of control from system todriver

Functional safety

� Standards needed for data, information andtransmission technology

� Tractor-trailer communication

� Competing telematic platforms and stakeholders

Standards

Commercial

� ROI for Investment stakeholders

� Amortization of running cost (data, maintenance, service)

│18

Page 19: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

Knorr-Bremse Group

� Driver will remain an integral part of the safety equation for theforseeable future but fully supported in critical situations

� Active & Supportive Systems work together to deliver fleets an integrated, optimal approach to safety

� ESP is prerequisite for DAS systems;

� Current DAS (FCAM) systems are efficient in addressingcollisions and lane departures

� Further enhancements based on sensor optimization until 2018

� Expanded AEB (Autonomous Emergency Braking) implementation

� Support driver without requiring takeover in emergencysituations

� Advanced systems will need more information input – othervehicles, traffic environment

� V2V and V2I necessary for closing information gaps and createsystem redundancy

� Regulation/legislation needed to develop standards and expandadoption rates

� Parallel to active safety technologies are telematics and data tosupport fleets in risk mitigation efforts

Keys to a safer future…

│19

Page 20: Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking · Technology Advances in Vehicle Control & Braking 09/29/16. ... Odometer Collision Mitigation Collision Warning Stationary Object

A member of the Knorr-Bremse Group © Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems LLC • All Rights Reserved │20

Thank you