tamazight tura ( amḍan wis 8 d wis 9)

TAMAZIƔT TURA Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa

IMḌEBBER N TESƔUNT Youcef MERAHI

AGRAW N TIRA Hamid BILEK

Abdenour HADJ-SAID Said CHEMAKH Samir ARKAM

Ramdane ABDENBI

URAN DEG WUṬṬUN-AGI :

Abdellah HAMANE, Boudjema AZIRI, Boussad KEBIR,

Igli n Tlelli, Tahar BOUKHENOUFA, Ramdane ABDENBI, Hamid BILEK, Seddik IAZZOUGUENE, Abdelkader ABDI, Akli KEBAILI, Koussaila ALIK, Malek HOUD, Nabila SADI,

Sadaq BENDALI, Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO), Smail ABDENBI, Habib-Allah MANSOURI, Oualid SAHLI, Youcef MERAHI,

Mohamed KORCHI, Zira, Ahcene MARICHE, Farida LOUNES.

19, avenue Mustapha El-Ouali (ex Debussy) Alger

Tél : 021-64-29-10/11 - Fax : 021-63-59-06 B.P. 400, 16070, El Mouradia - Alger

TAGDUDA TAZZAYRIT TAMAGDAYT TAƔERFANT TASELWIT N TEGDUDA

ASQAMU UNNIG N TIMMUZƔA

TAMAZIƔT

TURA

tamazi$t tura

Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa Tamaziɣt tura Un 8-9 / yebrir-ɣuct 2011

ISSN : 1112-9417 Dépôt légal : 4832-2008

Tamaziɣt, imira, teḥwaǧ kan

ad tt-naru ad tt-nɣer.

AGBUR

TAJMILT

Tafsut Imaziɣen Abdellah HAMANE 13

Tifeṭṭiwejt n 80... Boudjema AZIRI 16

Awal ɣef tefsut n yimaziɣen Boussad KEBIR 19

Tafsut-nneɣ Igli n Tlelli 31

Tafsut ass s wa ss Tahar BOUKHENOUFA 35

Ussan-nni deg tesdawit Ramdane ABDENBI 42

Tamaziɣt ass-a, tajmilt i yimezwura Hamid BILEK 49

Tadiwennit tasugnant akked Lmulud At Mɛemmer Seddik IAZZOUGUENE 52

Ddqiqa n tsusmi Abdelkader ABDI 58

Suddes tamurt-ik Akli KEBAILI 63

At yigenni Koussaila ALIK 64

Iles Malek HOUD 66

TAZRAWT

Aselmed n Tmaziɣt di Tizi Uzzu : anda yewweḍ, ass-a ! Sadaq BENDALI 73

Tamsalt n tmagit deg wungal yettwarun s teqbaylit Nabila SADI 89

TUKKIST Arranku - 6 Paulo COELHO - Tasuqelt : Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO) 109

Leɛzib n yiɣersiwen - 6 Georges ORWELL - Tasuqelt : Habib-Allah MANSOURI 117

TULLIST

Ddayxa - 2 Malek HOUD 127

Abrid n talwit Smail ABDENBI 138

D acu i teswa ddunit Oualid SAHLI 142

TAMEDYAZT

Abrid n ubrid-iw Youcef MERAHI - Tasuqelt : Abdenour ABDESSELAM 149

Tilelli Mohamed KORCHI 153

TADIWENNIT

Ali Amran, Ccna n teqbaylit, mazal lxir ɣer zdat - 2 Zira 161

TIGEMMI

Leǧruḥ qqazen ḥellun, yir lehdur qqazen rennun Ahcene MARICHE 171

Inzan s tedyanin Farida LOUNES 173

TAẒURI

Urigami, taẓuri n uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ Smail ABDENBI 181

TIGEJDIT

Azul ay imeddukal n tesɣunt Tamaziɣt-Tura

I tikkelt nniḍen akken i wen-nṛeggem, atan nessaweḍ i wakken ad d-nheggi tasɣunt Tamaziɣt Tura yellan gar yifassen-nwen. Nessaram ad tili di lebɣi-nwen.

Nessemlal di tesɣunt n tikkelt-a sin wuṭṭunen : uṭṭun wis ṭam akked wis ṭza. Wis ṭam ilaqen ad d-yeffeɣ di yebrir yezrin imi ayen yettwarun deg-s d tajmilt i tefsut n 80 akked yimeɣnasen n tmaziɣt.

Ur aɣ-tettunefk ara tegnit i wakken ad t-id-nessufeɣ di lawan. Ayen i ɣ-yeǧǧan ad t-nesdukel akked wuṭṭun wis ṭam. Nessaram ad tfehmem taswiɛt. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal, d tilin akked tudert n Tamaziɣt Tura i d iswi-nneɣ amezwaru : d tasɣunt i la yettnernin seg uṭṭun ɣar wayeḍ.

Aḥric amezwaru di tesɣunt-a d tajmilt i yimeɣnasen n tefsut n yimaziɣen, i tgejda n tutlayt akked yidles amaziɣ, i wid inuḍḥen, i wid yettwaḥebsen, i wid yemmuten i wakken ad d-naweḍ ɣer tizi n wass-a.

Tajmilt i nezmer ad asen-tt-nerr d leqdic i tmaziɣt s tmaziɣt, d akemmel deg ubrid i d-neǧren, d asiweḍ n yizen-nsen i tsuta i d-yemmalen.

Aḥric wis sin, am wakken tuɣem tannumi, d abumexluḍ deg wayen yerzan tiwsatin yemxallafen n tsekla tamaziɣt neɣ tagraɣlant maca tettwaru s tmaziɣt. Nessaram ad tafem deg-s lfayda ɣas ulamma azuḥ neɣ cwiṭ.

Akken nennum, yal tikkelt ad d-nger tiɣri i widen yesɛan kra n yiwellihen, i widen yebɣan ad d-sneqden, i widen yesɛan tikta ad aɣ-ten-id-ssiwḍen s wallal n Intenet.

Tiɣri nniḍen i widen yettarun, nessaram, ma ufan lebɣi-nsen di tesɣunt-a, ad aɣ-d-ɛiwnen s tira-nsen, s tezrawin akked yiḍrisen-nsen i wakken ad nesseddu tasɣunt-agi afus deg ufus, yal uṭṭun ara d-yernun ad yif win iɛeddan.

Akka kan i nezmer ad nerr tajmilt i yimezwura.

Tannemirt

TAJMILT

Awal i yimeɣriyen

Nessemlal di tesɣunt n tikkelt-a sin wuṭṭunen : uṭṭun wis ṭam akked wis ṭza.

Wis ṭam ilaqen ad d-yeffeɣ di yebrir yezrin imi ayen yettwarun deg-s d tajmilt i

tefsut n 80 akked yimeɣnasen n tmaziɣt.

Tamaziɣt tura – Un 8-9 – H.C.A / yebrir-ɣuct 2011 - 13 -

Tafsut Imaziɣen

Abdellah HAMANE

Ay atma, ay yessetma fell-awen azul i d-yeffɣen seg wul yeḥma.

agi d asmekti n 20 yebrir n tefsut Imaziɣen, d ass ideg d-iban wudem n uɣref deg usuter n tutlayt-ines, d ass n tzemra n Yillu (laylatu lqedr ). D ass

ideg tezlez Tefriqt Ugafa, ideg rmamzen yiẓekwan n yigeldan Imaziɣen, widak yeṭṭsen taguni icuban lmut acḥal n leqrun akked yiseggasen. Amezruy-a, mačči armi d 20 yebrir i d-iban, maca, yella di tekta n yiɣelnaẓriyen deg useggas 1939, maca, yeqqim d abaḍni, ur as-gin ara azemz ideg ara t-id-sbanen. Armi d 1980, deg wass icuban ass-a i yebded uɣref s umata, imezwura d inelmaden, d isdawiyen, d asirem n tsutwin i la d-yemmalen, d lebɣi n uɣref, d tudert i tmurt n Lezzayer akked Tmazɣa tameqqrant.

Deg wass-a, yemmameḍ wul n uɣref i d-yezgan di tlemmast n Tefriqt Ugafa (Lezzayer). Tamurt n Leqbayel, d nettat i d yelli-s tamenzut n Tmaziɣt, d irgazen n tlemmast i as-igan ilugan n tjerrumt, taseftit, d nutni i d imnuda i as-igan tira akked waṭas n yimawalen.

20 yebrir ɣur Tiddukla n lumma, deg wutla, deg yidles, deg

yiles. Isnarafen iḥekmen imiren, fehmen-t meqlubi, yerna d nutni i yeṭṭfen iɣmisen, rradyu akked tilivizyu, la d-qqaren fell-aneɣ

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Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa

- 14 - Tamaziɣt tura – Un 8-9 – H.C.A / yebrir-ɣuct 2011

« Ɛunṣuriya, ɛirqiya, ǧihawiya, tteqsim cceɛb », lḥekkam-agi nekren lumma-nsen, yessaweḍ-iten usnaref armi nekren iman-nsen acku ggumman ad fehmen lebɣi n lumma s ubrid n lḥeqq, acku nnumen ssexdamen iɣil. Deg wass icuban ass-a yekker uɣref di yal tama yettwakkes umundel i lumma, ssawḍen tabrat n tidet i uɣref, huccen-t, sduqqsen-t, ssakin-t, ssawḍen awal-nsen i yimaziɣen, di Merruk, Tunes, Libya, mgal tinawt n leḥkem « Ccexṣiya lɛarabiya el islamiya », di tazwara Lislam d asɣan, yesdukel aṭas n yiɣerfan ur yelli d tanekkit, ma d « lɛarabiya » imawlan-is banen, beɛden fell-aneɣ 6000 n kilumitr.

20 yebrir d aṛeggem, d zzux, d asemɣer umezruy-nneɣ,

tutlayin tizyiwin n Tmaziɣt ɣas ttwaɣrant, ttwarunt mmutent, ttwattunt, Tamaziɣt tezga tedder, imir-a i terfed ixef-is deg ubrid n tudert, simmal d anerni ur tettuɣal ɣer deffir, tikta n usudder tekcem deg wallaɣ n uɣref, ulaḥedd di ddunit win izemren ad yekkes tasertit usenfel akked yizerfan n uɣref amaziɣ, yules-d talalit di 20 yebrir « Tafsut Imaziɣen ». Ayen yessefken ad t-issinen yimaziɣen s umata

Ay aɣref Amaziɣ, ma yella tebɣiḍ tanekkit-inek ad tedder yessefk tadukli-nwen ad tettwaṭṭef ɣer yiwet tutlayt tamesdukelt, tamezdit s umata, tantaliwin n Tmazɣa alamma d asmi ara kecment deg yiwen umawal amesdukel, imiren ulaḥedd Aqbayli, niɣ Acelḥi, niɣ Acawi, niɣ wiyaḍ… yal agdud ad yaf iman-is di Tmaziɣt tamesdukelt, tayiwent.

Di lawan n Masnsen akked Yugurten tella yiwet Tmaziɣt

yesduklen aɣref si Libya alamma d Cengiṭ, widak i d-yuran fell-aneɣ, Ruma akked Biẓenṭa nnan-d : Di Tnemda (Numidya) akked Muriṭanya yiwet tutlayt swayes ttemsefhamen. A tawaɣit n uɣref yebḍan d igduden, yal agdud seg-s iɣil iman-is d netta i d aɣref weḥd-s.



Tudert i 20 yebrir, d ass n tudert i Lezzayer akked Tmazɣa tameqqrant. Ay aɣref Amaziɣ, ma triḍ tudert i yiman-ik suddes igduden-ik, smimeḍ tarwa-k ɣer useɣri n tutlayt-nsen, d nettat i d tilelli, d tudert n tidet akked tnekkit, ssefhem ayetma-k imseɛraben, eg-asen leḥmala n tnekkit-nsen akked umezruy deg wul, d aya i d tiddukla n Tmazɣa tameqqrant, s yisem n 20 yebrir…

« Tafsut Imaziɣen ».


Tifeṭṭiwejt n 80…

Boudjema AZIRI

kken kan tgerrez tefsut… isekla ǧǧuǧgen, tiɣezza zgezwent, azwu yebbuḥra, semmeḍ cwiṭ. Tamurt terked : ixeddamen deg yimukan-nsen, win izehhun

izehhu, win yetthembiren yetthembir… win yeqqaren yeqqar… Lmulud At Mɛemmer yettecrurud-d ɣer Tizi-Uzzu, inelmaden ttraǧun-t deg tesdawit i wakken ad asen-d-yawi asarag ɣef udlis-is aneggaru Isefra iqburen n teqbaylit i wumi isemma s trumit Poèmes kabyles anciens.

Iɛeṭṭel wissen acuɣer… Uysen-t yinelmaden, ladɣa mi ẓran ayen yellan deg udlis-nni iɣef yebɣa ad asen-d-yemmeslay... adlis yeččuren d isefra yefkan iẓuran deg wakud akked yidles aḥeqqani. Awal lqayen n umedyaz yeffalen i yal talast, d netta kan i izemren ad d-yessaki iḥulfan n tlelli deg wallaɣen yessbek yiḍes akked tugdi. Tugniwin n tmedyazt yettseḥḥiren ulawen ssakayent-d tabɣest yezzren deg yider n wid zzuznen s tkerkas akked tutlayt n usɣar. Tamedyazt taqburt d llsas yersen ɣef ṣṣeḥ. D llsas n yidles n tmaziɣt, d asaki n tissas n yimaziɣen. Ihubb-d waḍu, yekkes-as aɣebbar; yeḥmel-d wasif yezzuzef fell-as aɣudar yembabben d leqrun aya...

D idles akked tissas, tussna akked tmusni i d ilugan n tmetti, ayen nniḍen akk d akellex. Gar yimedyazen iqburen i d-yesseklef Lmulud At Mɛemmer, ad d-nebder Muḥ At Lmesɛud, Lɛerbi At Bejɛud, Sidi Qala i d-yeǧǧan

A



lemtul… melba ma nettu amezwaru-nsen : Yusef U Qasi yesduklen tamusni akked ccbaḥa n umeslay iss iferru timsal iweɛṣen ; yedder deg « udrar n lɛezz ». D netta i s-yennan :

Cubaɣ win ur nekkat uzzal Yecmet wagus-is Am win isennden s uffal D win i d lettkal-is Neɣ afṣiḥ deg lmital Ur nessefruy seg yixf-is

Si Muḥend yekkes-as lweḥc… yetwennes, ziɣ mačči weḥd-s

kan i yekcem ddunit n tmedyazt… Adlis « Isefra iqburen n teqbaylit », amur ameqqran deg-s yettwaru s teqbaylit, tella tsuqelt n yisefra ɣer tefransist. Lmulud At Mɛemmer yefka-d tamawt imi tamuɣli tettemxallaf gar tenfalit taqbaylit akked tin n tefransist, acku asefru iseɛɛu aṭas n yinumak akked ccbaḥa ur tezmir ara tsuqelt ad ten-id-tessenfali.

Ad naf deg udlis-agi kra n tektiwin akked lewqat ɣef umezruy n tsekla taqbaylit : - Di tazwara uqbel lqern wiss 16, d tallit n tillas ur nessin ara imedyazen n lweqt-agi. - Tallit talemmast, gar lqern wis 17 akked wis 18 ideg yedder Yusef U Qasi. - Tallit i d-iqerben, tbeddu di tlemmast n lqern wis 19 : imedyazen yeddren deg-s ttwassnen. Ad naf di tallit-agi taneggarut kra n yizemzen icudden ɣer yineḍruyen i d-yeǧǧan ccwami di tmetti : 1857 mi d-kecmen yirumiyen ɣer tmurt n leqbayel alamma d tagrawla n 1871; rwin ilugan n tudert, imdanen ur ẓrin d acu ara xedmen zdat ufransis bu lemdafeɛ ur nettuneɣlab, ula d ṣṣellaḥ ur ḥudden ara ɣef tmurt. D acu akka yeḍran ? Aseggas n 1871, « waḥed usebɛin d leflas » akken i s-yenna umedyaz Smaɛil Azikiw, win yemmuten yemmut, win igguǧan igguǧa, win nfan yirumiyen



nfan-t… tamurt tessewḥac ! D tallit-agi i d-yefkan Si Muḥend U Mḥend iḥeḍren i lmut n baba-s… nɣan-t yirumiyen zdat-s. Di tmedyazt taqburt, ad nemlil iman-nneɣ d lemri n tudert-nneɣ ideg d-nettban d iɛeryanen, akken i ɣ-d-turew yemma-tneɣ… Nelha neɣ diri-aɣ, akken yebɣu yili lḥal, tugna n ṣṣeḥ tif tin n lekdeb i nḍellu i tfekka-nneɣ… teɣma fell-aɣ, d akustim i ɣ-d-feṣṣlen yijenṭaḍen ; i nxaḍ s yifassen-nneɣ, nelha neɣ diri-aɣ. Nruḥ nehmel ur nemyeɛqal gar-aneɣ… nedda d tifawtin n yiman-nneɣ ideg wwtent tɣersiwin.

Tamedyazt taqburt d iɣrisen ara yessemlilen tifawtin, ara iɣummen tiɣersiwin. Neqqers ! Acḥal d leqrun aya… Tamedyazt taqburt d llsas n tsekla-nneɣ, deg-s yiwet n tmuɣli yessebruruzen tilufa, deg tterbga, deg yiḥulfan n ddin n tidet akked nniyya yeṣfan deg tfelsafit n tudert akked yilugan n uselḥu n tmetti, deg tayri, deg tebɣest… deg wayen akk yesbeddayen agdud akked tayemmat, i yenɣan ababat.

Adlis-agi n Lmulud At Mɛemmer d agerruj i d-yettwaḥewsen i tatut akked tillas i d-izewwiren i lmut. D tacaɛlalut n tafat yeskanayen abrid i widen yeffuden tilelli ; ur tessaggad tidet qerriḥen… Acku d tifeṭṭiwejt yeskarayen ajajiḥ deg taffa n lekdubat yeqquren. D tiqit n nnda i d-yessakayen tudert leqqaqen iteddun ɣer yimal.


Awal ɣef tefsut n yimaziɣen

Boussad KEBIR

afsut n Yimaziɣen n useggas n 80, d yiwen usebter ilan azal meqqer deg umezruy n tmurt-nneɣ. Ma ntekkes-as aɣebbar xerṣum tikkelt deg useggas, i

wakken kan ad t-id-nessiweḍ i tsutwin n wass-a akked tid n uzekka. « Wid ur nceffu ɣef umezruy-nsen, yesḍuli fell-asen ad t-idiren tikkelt nniḍen » (Ceux qui ne se souviennent pas de l’histoire, sont condamnés à le revivre ), i yeqqar umazray George Santayana. Ayen iɣer yessaweḍ uzbu amaziɣ ass-a, d agemmuḍ n waṭas n yiseggasen n umennuɣ ; amennuɣ i seddant waṭas n tsutwin i yesdukel yiswi ɣas ulamma mguggint deg wakud : tanaṣlit. Tajmilt i kra n win akked tin i d-yernan asɣar i target-agi n tnaṣlit i wakken ur tettnus. Ad tt-id-nebdu kan seg yimeɣnasen n Lezzayer tazzayrit deg ukabar n « Yitri n Tefriqt Ugafa » (E.N.A) deg useggas 1926, ɣer wid n tezɣent n 1949, ɣer wid n ugraw n Ṣumam deg useggas n 1956, ɣer wid i wumi semman « Les poseurs de bombes » deg useggas n 1975, ɣer wid n tefsut n Yimaziɣen n useggas 1980, ɣer wid n uɣunzu n tɣuri deg useggas n 1994, ɣer wid n tefsut taberkant deg useggas n 2001 d wid akk yekkaten ass-a ɣef tnaṣlit, akken yebɣu yili wallal i ssemrasen.

Seg leqrun n uzermezruy, tamurt n Leqbayel, d asgen n wid ur nkennu. Iḍelli, d imezdaɣ-is i iqublen amnekcam bu lemḥayen ; ass-a, d nutni i yugin kennu zdat n udabu amesbaṭli. Tisutwin-agi akk, seknent-d i yimnekcamen iḍelli neɣ i udabu amesbaṭli ass-a,

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belli aqbayli aḥrur mačči d ayen akken i wumi semman yimusnawen n tmetti « l’homo-économicus » : amdan war amezruy, war idles, war iles… Am wakken yella kan akken ad yexdem, ad yečč, ad yesɛu dderya, ad yernu xemsa ɣef yimi. Lemmer mačči d wigi akk, idles-nneɣ, tameslayt-nneɣ, laṣel-nneɣ…, ad ruḥen kan akka am tadla-nni yečča yilef.

Ass-a, ur yezmir yiwen ad d-yemmeslay ɣef tefsut n Yimaziɣen war ma yuɣal aṭas ɣer deffir deg umezruy n tmurt-nneɣ. Seg teglest, iɣerfan imaziɣen ttnaɣen mgal imnekcamen i d-yeffalen ɣef tmurt n Tmazɣa. Ihi, d azbu amaziɣ i yellan deg yal tallit i d-yennulfan ass n 20 di yebrir 1980 s wudem nniḍen. Tafsut n Yimaziɣen ihi, d yiwen uḥric n uzbu amaziɣ i d-yuɣen aẓar seg leqrun yezrin ; mačči d ayen i d-yesnulfa urumi neɣ d tamsalt n beṭṭu n warraw n tmurt am wakken i ɣ-d-qqaren wid yettɣummun iṭij s uɣerbal.

Agdud amaziɣ, seg yemma-s n ddunit netta d azbu mgal tamḥeqqranit. « Asmi d-luleɣ d aqbayli, isem-iw imenɣi », i yeqqar Lwennas ad fell-as yeɛfu yerḥem. Tamḥeqqranit i d-yellan ɣef tmaziɣt, mačči armi d iḍelli kan i tebda imi d ayen i d-yellen fell-as d leqrun ayagi. Ula deg tallit tazermezruyt igelliden n Tmazɣa ur d-ltin ara d tutlayt-nsen. Sseqdacen deg yal aḥric n tmetti, tafniqt n Yifniqen neɣ talatinit n Rruman. Tamaziɣt, teqqim kan d tameslayt n uɣref, imi Imaziɣen urǧin sbedden awanak yesseqdacen tamaziɣt d tameslayt n udabu. Yuba wis sin, Appullee, Saint Augustin, Fruntu, Tertulien, Terence…, d imusnawen imaziɣen, d nutni i yesseftin tasekla talatinit di tallit anida imawlan-is bdan ttaǧǧan-tt. Ɣef wakken i d-qqaren, Appullee, d netta i yuran ungal amezwaru deg umezruy n talsa. Isemma-as : « La Métamorphose ou l’âne d’or ». Ungal-agi, yura-t Appullee s tlatinit. Lemmer i t-yuri s tmaziɣt, yili ass-a ad yeched fell-aɣ umezruy, yerna ad aɣ-yili ass-a d asalel i usdukel n tutlayt-nneɣ. Asmi d-wwḍen waɛraben di lqern wis 7, lulent-d tgeldiwin timaziɣin tinselmin. Ass-a ma tella tallit iɣef ur d-nettmeslay ara aṭas, ladɣa deg yihalen n uselmed n umezruy deg yiɣerbazen-nneɣ,



neɣ ma yella-d cwiṭ, ad t-naf yettwasexdem akken nniḍen, d tallit n tgeldiwin n Tmazɣa di tallit tineslemt ; tin i wumi isemma Mahfoud Keddache « tallit n wureɣ ». Di tallit-nni, Tamazɣa tessuli tiɣermiwin timeqqranin, treṣṣa deg unegmu adamsan, adelsan akked userti izegren akin i tlisa n yilel agrakal. Tigeldiwin-agi, am tmeqqranin deg-sent am les Almoravides, les Almohades, neɣ timeẓyanin am les Hafsides, les Abdelwadides akked les Merinides, uklalent ad d-nsukk fell-asent tamuɣli lqayen i wakken ad d-nessekfel ayen icudden ɣer tallit yellan d tamerkantit s tedyanin yekkan deg usileɣ n tugna akked tmagit-nneɣ imi i asent-id-llan di lmendad yirgazen imeqqranen n tsertit akked yiserdasen, wwin akin i tlisa n Tmazɣa ddin n Lislam, gar-asen Tariq Ibn Zeyyad, Ibn Tumert, Ɛebdelmumen, Yusef Ben Tacfin…1

Ula di tallit-agi, aṭas n yimusnawen imaziɣen i d-yufraren di yal aḥric n tussna : Ibn Tumert, Ibn Xeldun, el Wertilani… Maca ass-a, kra n wayen uran, yuɣal d ayla n wiyaḍ imi ur t-urin ara s tmaziɣt. Di tallit-agi daɣen, ufraren-d kra n yimusnawen imaziɣen, zgan-d d tisulal i tutlayt n taɛrabt : Amezwaru d Muḥemmed Aǧerrum i yuran « El Aǧerrumeyya » n taɛrabt. Wis sin, d Ibn Xeldun i d-yeslalen tussna n tmetti. Rnu ɣer-sen Ibn Tumert i d-yessuɣlen di lawan-nni Leqran s tmaziɣt. Lemmer i mazal Leqran-agi ass-a, am wa, am win yexdem Ṣaliḥ Uṭerrif n lɛerc n Yiberɣwaten di tmurt n Lmerruk, ad ilin d inagan, yerna ad aɣ-ilin d tisulal i usdukel n tutlayt-nneɣ.

« Amezwaru i d-ibedren Imaziɣen deg umezruy, d amazray agrigi Irudut di lqern 5 uqbel Ɛisa. Seg wass-nni armi d lweqt deg yura Ibn Xeldun, ɛeddan ɛecrin leqrun ; di ɛecrin leqrun-agi, acḥal i iɛeddan n yirgazen xedmen, nnan, snulfan, wwin-d ayen d-wwin, maca ur d-yeqqim seg-s wacemma, acku ur t-yuri ḥedd… Seg wass-nni ar ass-a, ur tbeddel ara liḥala ɣef tmaziɣt. Deg tmura akk

1 Timlilit tagraɣlant i d-ihegga Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa (HCA) ɣef : Tigeldiwin timaziɣin di tallit tineslemt, Biskra, ussan 01-02 duǧember 2010.



ideg ttmeslayen tamaziɣt,… ttemseḍfaren yimnekcamen, wa irennu taluft-is i tin i d-yeǧǧa win i t-yezwaren…»1.

« Mebla ma yeḥseb bnadem leqrun n uzermezruy, amezruy-nneɣ yebda 3000 n yiseggasen aya. Di 3000 n yiseggasen-agi, uran medden s tefniqt, s tlatinit, s taɛrabt, s tefransist, meɛna yiwen ur yuri s tmaziɣt, armi tḍaɛ tmeslayt-nneɣ »2.

Di taggara n lqern wis 19, bdan Yimaziɣen ttakin-d ɣer tira n tutlayt-nsen. Maca uqbel ayagi, d iberraniyen i ineǧren abrid. Amezwaru i yerran lwelha-s ɣer tutlayt n tmaziɣt, d amrabeḍ n Yirumiyen Venture de Paradis i d-igan amawal n tmaziɣt di lqern wis 18, yessuffeɣ-it-id di lqern wis 19.

Lwelha-agi ɣer tira n tmaziɣt, tebda tettzid umbeɛd anekcum n yirumiyen ɣer tmurt n Leqbayel deg useggas n 1857. Gar yimuhal i d-yufraren di tallit-agi, adlis n tjerrumt n teqbaylit i d-yessuffeɣ le général Hanoteau deg useggas n 1867.3

Maca lwelha ɣer uselmed n tmaziɣt, tban-d deg yiseggasen n 1880 mi d-tekcem di la faculté des lettres d’Alger. Dɣa deg useggas n 1885 snulfan-d agerdas n tutlayt n teqbaylit (Brevet de langue kabyle ). Deg useggas n 1887, snulfan-d agerdas n tentaliyin n tmaziɣt (Déplome des dialectes berbères )…

Gar warraw n tmurt imezwura i yerran lwelha-nsen ɣer tira n teqbaylit, ad naf Bensdira akked Bulifa, wid i wumi isemma Salem Chaker «Les précurseurs de l’écriture ». Deg 1897, Si Ɛmer U Saɛid Bulifa, yeddem i tikkelt tamezwarut taɛkemt n uselmed n teqbaylit. Rnu ɣer-sen Belɛid At Ɛli i isersen llsas i tira n wungalen s teqbaylit, imi deg yiḍrisen-is yecban « Afenǧal n lqahwa », «Lwali n udrar », llant limarat n tullist. Ihi ur yeqqim ara kan di tira n tmucuha, maca yewwi-d amaynut di tira n teqbaylit.

Ɣas ulamma di talli-nni tamezwarut, tira n tmaziɣt teqqim kan di tririt n wayen yellan d timawit ɣer tira ; iseggasen-agi

1 Inna-as Ccix Muḥend, Mouloud Mammeri. 2 Seg tezwart n Mouloud Mammeri deg wungal « Askuti », Said Sadi. 3 A. Hanoteau, Grammaire kabyle et poésie populaire de la Kabylie de Djurdjura, Impr. Impériale, Paris, 1867.



ineggura, bdan ttbanen-d kra n yitran i d-yewwin amaynut ama deg wungalen, di tjerrumt akked tseddast neɣ di tsuɣelt… Hata wamek i ṭṭfen lefnar n tmaziɣt kra n yimeɣnasen n umussu aɣelnaw azzayri armi i d-yewweḍ ɣur-neɣ ass-a :

Mi teɣli tegduda n Rif di Lmerruk deg 1926, ilul-d di Lezzayer Yitri n Tefriqt Ugafa (Etoile Nord africaine ) i yessuturen timunent n tmura n Tefriqt Ugafa umbeɛd mi yella yekkat ɣef yizerfan n yixeddamen n Tefriqt Ugafa. Ɣef wakken i d-yenna Mahfoud Keddache, 5 gar 8 n wid i d-yeslalen akabar-agi, d Leqbayel. Ayen yeǧǧan amazray arumi Roger Létourneau, ad d-yini : « On aurait mieux fait de l’appeler l’Etoile algérienne ou même l’Etoile kabyle ». Deg usqamu i iga yitri n Tefriqt Ugafa deg useggas n 1927, Leqbayel-nni, fernen Messali Lḥaǧ d aselway. Hatan ihi wamek yebda umennuɣ gar yimeɣnasen n Lezzayer tazzayrit am Ɛmer Imac, Lḥusin At Ḥmed, Muḥend U Yidir At Ɛemran, Bennay Waɛli, Ɛmer Uld Ḥemmuda… akked yimeɣnasen n Lezzyer d aḥric deg uɣlan aɛrab ineslem am Messali Lḥaǧ akked wid yellan d izamulen-nsen, yecban Cakib Arslan, Ɛezzam Baca, Ǧamal Ɛebdennaṣer…

Rnu ɣer-sen lɛulama inselmen am Ben Badis, Bacir Ibrahimi, Lɛerbi Tbessi…i inekren udem amaziɣ n tmurt-nneɣ. Am di tallit ideg nettidir ass-a, imeɣnasen n Lezzayer tazzayrit imir-nni, sbabben-asen mačči d yiwet n taluft : « Imeddukal n Fransa », «Les communistes »,… Yenna fell-asen Ben Yusef Ben Xedda : «Ils étaient influencés non seulement par les idéologies de colonisation, mais aussi par l’idéologie communiste ». Akka ihi, mi d-ilul ukabar «Itri n Tefriqt Ugafa », yewwi-d yid-s iẓuran n tezɣent i d-yeznan tikkelt nniḍen deg useggas n 1949.

Asuter n wudem amaziɣ, yules-d talalit deg yiseggasen n 40 mi d-ilul umussu aɣelnaw azzayri (M.N.A.). Maca, mi d-banen yimeɣnasen yessefraken takti n tmaziɣt, ad ttwakerfen din din. Akka i ɣlint tmegraḍ n Bennay Waɛli, Ɛmer Uld Ḥemmuda, Ɛebban Remḍan…



Di tallit-agi, uran Lɛulama deg uɣmis-nsen i wumi semman «Lbaṣair » : «Les Kabyles ne seraient des algériens à part entière que lorsqu’ils auront cessé de chuchoter ce jargon qui nous écorche les oreilles ».

Timmist yellan d taqdimt, teffi-d tikkelt nniḍen deg useggas n 1956 deg ugraw n Ṣumam. Maca, d Ɛebban Remḍan s timmad-is i igan talast i tezɣent-nni, mi d-yenna : « Toutes les contradictions de la société algérienne doivent être mises entre parenthèses jusqu’à l’indépendance ». Akka ay tella si zik : Leqbayel, zgan ttaǧǧan tamsalt-nsen mi ara yili kra n wugur ara isenquqlen tamurt.

Deg useggas n 1962, tiɣri n ugdud tessaweḍ ɣer yiswi-s, yekkes uzaglu ɣef tayet, tamurt tuɣal s « imawlan ». Lemmer d lebɣi-k ay ul, adabu n lweqt-nni ad yefk amkan i wudem amaziɣ war ma yessuter-it umdan. Imi tezwar tazzla ɣer tizzeɣzeɣt, yerra taluft n tmaziɣt i tikkelt nniḍen ɣer umennuɣ. «Nous sommes arabes, nous sommes arabes, dix millions d’arabes », i d-yenna Ben Bella mi d-yekcem si Tunes. D ayagi dɣa i t-yeǧǧan ad yelli tiwwura n Lezzayer i yixerrazen n Maṣer akken ad uɣalen d iselmaden-nneɣ. Mi d-yewweḍ Bumedyen s akersi, yeɣḍel-d tebrek akked tillas ɣef tutlayt n tmaziɣt akked yimeɣnasen-is. Iɣebber-d tamurt n Leqbayel s yidrimen, amer ahat ad isuzef laẓ fell-asen, ad ineɣ tawekka-nni i ten-izedɣen ɣef tmaziɣt. Di tallit-nni, tizzeɣzeɣt tuɣ aẓar. Imeɣnasen n tmaziɣt, mačči d yiwet n taluft i asen-d-snulfan i wakken ad ččaren yis-sen leḥbus. Tidyanin n « Les poseurs de bombes » n wass n 25/12/1975, « Cap Sigli »n wass n 10-11/12/1978…, d amedya kan ɣef wayagi.

Deg useggas n 1969, Bumedyen ihegga-d asqamu n yineɣlafen deg yiɣrem n Tizi-Uzzu. Yefka-d idrimen melba cceḥḥa i twilayt n Tizi-Uzzu yellan ɣef uqerru-s di lawan-nni « uqbayli » Ḥmed Ɛli Ɣzali. « Asegres-nni i k-ɛellqen, d takmamt i k-d-yezga », i yeqqar yinzi aɣerfan n tmurt-nneɣ. Deg uqerru n Bumedyen, teddez tebrez : ad iɛerreb ula d tamɣart n Leqbayel !!!

Hatan wamek tebda tizzeɣzeɣt n Bumedyen mgal udem amaziɣ d yimeɣnasen-is : ameslay s teqbaylit ula gar yinelmaden deg



yiɣerbazen, yettwagdel ; tasgilt « srid seg yinurar » i yellan yakan s teqbaylit, tettwagdel ; ismawen n yimdanen ilan assaɣ akked yidles amaziɣ, ttwagedlen ; timsirin n tmaziɣt i d-yettak Mulud Mɛemri di tesdawit n Lezzayer, ttwagedlent s wudem unṣib deg useggas n 1973…

Teḍra d Bumedyen di tallit-nni, am win imeḍlen alɣem : mi iɣum aɛrur-is, ad d-banen yiḍarren-is. Akka, di tallit anida adabu yesseḥres ɣef Leqbayel di tmurt, amennuɣ ɣef tmaziɣt yufrar-d gar yiminigen-nneɣ di tmurt n Fransa. Akka dɣa i d-ilul Ugraw n Yimaziɣen di tmurt n Fransa deg useggas n 1967 d unekcum n tmaziɣt s wudem unṣib di tesdawit n Paris. Di tallit-agi n tizzeɣzeɣt, amennuɣ ɣef tmaziɣt yuɣ sin n yiberdan nniḍen i as-yeffɣen afus i udabu :

Amezwaru, d ccna. Deg yiseggasen n 70, icennayen am Yidir, Ferḥat Mhenni, Sliman Ɛazem, Lunis At Mengellat, Maɛtub Lwennas, Crif Xeddam… llin-d abrid i tefsut n 80. Tizlatin-nsen, ssakayent wid yeṭṭsen akked wid iɣeflen, imi yal tizlit d asebter deg umezruy-nneɣ.

Wis sin, d addal. Tarbaɛt n Yilemẓiyen n Leqbayel (JSK), tuɣal am wakken d akabar yeddmen tamsalt n tmaziɣt ɣef tuyat-is. Inurar ideg ara tili, ttawin-d aṭas n yimdanen, mačči i wakken kan ad ẓren timlilit, mačči i wakken ad zhun imi ur as-d-yeqqim zzhu i win i tt-yuɣen di tnaṣlit ; maca i wakken ad suɣen mgal tamḥeqqranit i d-yellan ɣef tutlayt akked yidles amaziɣ. Ayagi ad aɣ-t-id-seknen yizlan i nsell deg yinurar : «Nekni s Leqbayel, neɛya di lbaṭel ; tafsut n 80, tejreḥ ulawen », «Lezzayer, d tamurt-nneɣ ; tamaziɣt, d tutlayt-nneɣ »…

Ass n 19/06/1977, tella-d temlilit n taggara n teqbuct n Lezzayer gar terbaɛt n yilemẓiyen n Leqbayel (JSK) akked terbaɛt n NAHD deg unnar n « 5 di yulyu » di tmanaɣt n tmurt-nneɣ. Imferrǧen, qesden-d anrar n « 5 di yulyu » d izumal ; seknen-d lɣiḍ-nsen i Bumedyen. Am yizlan i cennun, am wayen uran di tɛellamin-nsen, ur yesɛi ara assaɣ d waddal. La JSK terbeḥ, tewwi taqbuct n Lezzayer ; ma d lqaɛa tezlez ɣef Bumedyen i tt-igezmen ass-nni di



rray ɣef tukksa n yisem n JSK imi i tt-yerra d JET (Jeunesse Eléctronique de Tizi-Ouzou ).

Ass n 28/12/1978, yemmut Bumedyen; yekker gar-asen wahruḥu ɣef win ara yeṭṭfen amkan-is. Imir-nni i d-snulfan taluft-nni n «Cap sigli » i wakken ad sanfen lwelha n yizzayriyen, nutni ad d-ltin d temsalt n leḥkem. « Imawlan, lhan d tmeɣra ; amcic, yelha d ukerreɛ », i yeqqar yinzi aɣerfan n tmurt-nneɣ.

Yuɣ lḥal, deg useggas 1977, tlul-d tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu. Hattan tmexneqt i yezzi udabu n yimir-nni i umgerḍ-is, imi tasdawit n Tizi-Uzzu tuɣal am wakken d asgen i umussu amaziɣ. I wakken tamsalt ur asen-tetteffeɣ ara afus, imḍebbren n Tizi-Uzzu, snernan tizzeɣzeɣt : ulac ccna s teqbaylit, ulac amezgun s teqbaylit, ulac isaragen ɣef tutlayt akked yidles amaziɣ, ulac, ulac, ulac…

Akabar n FLN, yettnadi ad iger ticcert-is deg wayen akk iḍerrun di tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu. Yettmekkin tiddukliwin-ines am l’UGTA, l’UNJA… akken ad uɣalen d imḍebbren ɣef yixeddamen akked yinelmaden n tesdawit.

Di tegnit-agi ikersen i d-tlul tekti i wakken ad d-necden Lmulud At Mɛemmer ɣer tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu, ass n 10 di meɣres 1980 akken ad d-yefk yiwen usarag ɣef udlis-is amaynut «Poèmes kabyles anciens ».

Ass n 10 di meɣres 1980, axxam n tesdawit ideg niqal ad d-yili usarag n Lmulud At Mɛemmer, yeččur armi d ulamek ; ttganin akk awwaḍ n win d-yekksen tameslayt-nneɣ seg uɣbalu n tatut. Imsulta uffiren seg tama-nsen, tezzin tennḍen di tesdawit akken ad remqen wid yessedduyen amussu amaziɣ di tesdawit.

Araǧu, yuɣal d layas. Lmulud At Mɛemmer, sqaṭṭɛen-as s abrid, sanfen-t ɣer yimḍebbren n Tizi-Uzzu i as-yugin ad d-yefk asarag-nni imi am wakken i t-walan, yezmer ad d-yawi ccwal i temnaḍt-nneɣ yeḥwaǧen lehna.

Hattan tuccḍa nniḍen i gan yimḍebbren-nneɣ imi ccwal-nni i bɣan ad t-sanfen, sasen-t-id s yifassen-nsen. Azekka-nni, tella-d tmesbanit tamezwarut ɣef tmaziɣt akked tlelli di Tizi-Uzzu ;



ḍefrent-tt-id tmesbaniyin nniḍen ama di Tizi-Uzzu ama di Lezzayer, am tin i d-yellan ass n 7 di yebrir 1980.

Ɣas tama n umussu-agi i d-ilulen di tesdawit, imeɣnasen n ukabar n FFS di lweqt-nni, saɣen amussu amaziɣ gar yimeddukal-nsen di tkebbunay timeqqranin am SONITEX, SONELEC akked sbiṭar n Tizi-Uzzu ; sawḍen-t armi d ilemẓiyen n tesnawiyin akked yiɣerbazen ilemmasen. Hatan ihi wamek i d-yeffeɣ umussu amaziɣ s abrid, mbeɛd mi yella d uffir di tesdawit. « Suffɣet tagrawla s abrid, ad awen-ḍemneɣ ad taweḍ ɣer yiswi-s », i yeqqar umeɣras Lɛerbi Ben Mhidi.

Imi imḍebbren-nneɣ d ḍellu i asent-ḍellun, mačči d ferru i tent-ferrun, sxedmen aklan n Tizi-Uzzu, gan-d yiwet n tmesbanit di Tizi-Uzzu, wwin-d acḥal d lkar si temnaḍin nniḍen n tmurt. Zdat n lkamirat i d-tuzen tgujilt, refden tiwlafin n Cadli akked tɛellamin ideg uran s taɛrabt : « yiwet n tmeslayt, yiwen n ugdud »… Tamesbanit-agi, yerra-as-d umussu amaziɣ s uneḥbus ɣef uxeddim akked ulmad ass n 16 di yebrir 1980. Ass-nni, kra n wanida yella uqbayli aḥrur, yerra-d i teɣri.

Di tegnit-agi ikersen, yefka-d udabu ass n 20 di yebrir d talast i tuɣalin ɣer umahil akked ulmad. Ass n 20 di yebrir ɣef tis 4 n tnezzayt, neɣlen-d yimsulta ɣef tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu, sbiṭar, tikebbunay n SONELEC akked SONITEX, la hemmjen deg yimdanen am yiḍan yesḍen : imejraḥ, imeḥbas, tukksa n sser… lḥaṣun, d tawaɣit !

Azekka-nni, isalli yewweḍ yal tama, iberdan n Tizi-Uzzu ffalen s yimdanen. Taftilt i saɣen yinelmaden akked yiselmaden di tesdawit, refden-tt yimdanen meẓẓi meqqer deg yiberdan. Maca, s yifassen d ilmawen, ur yelli wacu ara xedmen zdat ujajiḥ n tmes. Hatenta kra n tegnatin nniḍen s wazal-nsent deg umezruy n umussu amaziɣ : - 17/01/1994 : tella-d yiwet n tikli meqqren di Tizi-Uzzu akked Bgayet, ihegga-tt-id umussu adelsan amaziɣ. Ɣer taggara n tikli-agi, teffeɣ-d tseɣrut n umussu adelsan amaziɣ : ma ur d-tekcim tmaziɣt, ad d-yili uɣunzu n tɣuri deg useggas n ulmad 1994/1995.



- 10/09/1994 : tamurt n Leqbayel tɣunza aɣerbaz imi iɣunza tamaziɣt. - 04/04/1995 : tella-d yiwet n temlilit di Tizi-Uzzu, ɛemren-tt wid akk iseddan aɣunzu-agi n uɣerbaz. Di tegnit-nni n lḥers i yettidir umussu adelsan amaziɣ, tban-d yiwet n tɣerɣert iɣef qeblen ad mmeslayen d udabu i ferru n taluft-nni. - 09/04/1995 : beddu n umeslay gar umussu adelsan amaziɣ akked tselwit n tegduda. - 22/04/1995 : iban-d umtawa n 22/04/1995 d tlalit n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa (HCA ). - 29/04/1995 : tella-d tuɣalin s aɣerbaz, ɣas ulamma aseggas ur yettuneḥsab ara. - 07/05/1995 : talalit n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa s wudem unṣib. - 09/08/1995 : tannant tamezwarut n yiselmaden n tmaziɣt di Ben Ɛeknun. - 31/08/1995 : tuffɣa n terbaɛt tamezwarut n yiselmaden n tmaziɣt i wumi fkan isem n Lmulud At Mɛemmer. - 14/10/1995 : i tikkelt tamezwarut deg umezruy n tmurt-nneɣ, yella-d unekcum n tmaziɣt s aɣerbaz azzayri di 16 n lwilayat n tmurt. - Di tmendawt n 1996, yella-d usteɛref s wudem amaziɣ am wakken d yiwet gar tgejda iɣef tebna tnettit-nneɣ taɣelnawt, tama n taɛrabt akked tneslemt. - Deg 1999, iruḥ uselway Zerwal, yusa-d uselway Butefliqa. Leqbayel yettraǧun deg-s tifrat, ffɣent-asen tirga mxalfa asmi akken i tt-id-yefra di Tizi-Uzzu mi aɣ-d-yenna : «Tamazight ne sera jamais langue officielle, et si elle deviendra langue nationale, ça sera par voix référendaire ».

Dayen, yeqqers ṭṭbel, tefra tmeɣra. Imdanen, qeḍɛen layas, ččuren wulawen-nsen : tamḥeqqranit, lbaṭel, maḥyaf, rnu ɣur-sen leɣla n temɛict ; yeqqim-d kan yifeṭṭiwej ara tt-iceɛlen. D ayagi dɣa i d-yeḍran ass n 18/04/2001 umbeɛd timenɣiwt n Germaḥ Masinisa deg At Dwala. Tidyanin n tefsut taberkant, glant-d s 126 n



yimeɣrasen, igiman n yimejraḥ, wamma lexṣara di cci ur tettuneḥsab ara zdat terwiḥin n yilemẓiyen akked tlemẓiyin.

Hatan wayen yeǧǧan aselway Butefliqa ad yilwiɣ acemma, imi ass n 08/04/2002, yella-d usteɛref s tmaziɣt d tutlayt taɣelnawt war ma tɛedda di tefrant am wakken i t-id-yenna yakan. D tidet, tamaziɣt tger asurrif meqqren ɣer zdat, maca amennuɣ mazal-it iḍul alamma yuɣal-as-d umkan i tuklal di tmurt-is gar warraw-is.

Ass-a, tamaziɣt tettqabal sin yixṣimen d imeqqranen : Amezwaru, d wigi akk iɣef i d-nemmeslay. Ma d wis sin, d imaziɣen s timmad-nsen. «Nḥemmel ad nezger asif mi ara yili yeḥmel », i yeqqar Lunis At Mengellat. Di tallit n tizzeɣzeɣt, imdanen xeddmen : xeddment tdukliwin tidelsanin ɣas ulamma s wulac gar yifassen ; teffɣen-d yiɣmisen s tmaziɣt (Asalu, Tamurt, …) ; teffɣent-d tesɣunin s tmaziɣt ; imdanen, tezga tmaziɣt deg yiles-nsen, yezdeɣ-iten lḥir ; ikubar n tsertit, yis-s i ttgallan ; tella tdukli…

Maca ass-a, ad iḥudd Rebbi. Ulac tiddukla ixeddmen, neɣ ma tella, ad tt-naf telha-d kan d ṭṭbel akked ubendayer ; ulac iɣmisen s tmaziɣt ; i ma llan, wi ara ten-yeɣren ? Ass-a lḥir ɣef tmaziɣt, yeffeɣ ulawen ; ulac tamaziɣt deg wayen akk i aɣ-d-yezzin : di tḥuna, deg yiberdan, deg wallalen n tumnayt neɣ di tdeblin. Ass-a Imaziɣen, ur sseftayen ara idrimen-nsen deg wayen ara yesnernin tutlayt akked yidles-nsen…

Ass-a llant ukkuẓet n tɣawsiwin, lemmer yerbiḥ zzman, ad ilint d tisulal i tutlayt akked yidles-nneɣ : iɣrem, abaɣur, tamusni akked tugdut.

Ass-a tamaziɣt, d tameslayt n yimesdurar. Mi d-yeffeɣ yiwen taddart, yeǧǧ din tameslayt-is. Tamaziɣt ass-a, d tameslayt n yigellilen. Mi yerbeḥ yiwen, yeǧǧ tamaziɣt-nni. Wid yeɣran ass-a, d timeslayin-nni ɣran i ssemrasen, i sselmaden i warraw-nsen. Ma d tugdut-nni iɣef uzzlen yiḥemmalen, ass-a tuɣal-aɣ d nnema imi tefreq gar watmaten…



Ass-a, at wayla, ur ksiben tira ; at tira, ur ksiben ayla. At wayla akked at tira, ferqen-ten at tsertit. At tsertit, i ten-iceɣben d tazzla s akersi. Mi wwḍen s akersi, ad d-zzin d ixṣimen i tmaziɣt-nni.

Ass-a, lemmer d lebɣi-k ay ul, yal wa ad yezzem iman-is. « Win yebɣan ad tṣeggem, iṣeggem iman-is », i yeqqar umusnaw. Di taggara, ad zdiɣ awal-iw ɣer wawal n Lwennas ad fell-as yeɛfu yerḥem i yeqqaren : Uqbel ad aɣ-ɛezzin s ttwab, Kkret ad d-njab Isufar i tdukli-nneɣ


Tafsut-nneɣ

Igli n Tlelli

ewɛer lbaṭel amesbaṭli, mi ara yezzuzen tillas s lekdeb iḥeḍmen. Yewɛer ddel aberkan, mi ara d-yarew tinexsas deg tfexsa n wallaɣ yettwaɣen. Maca,

tidet n lḥeqq akked leɛqel d lmeɛqul, d ameyyez s tzemnit deg tegnit ur nqebbel yir iẓuran yebbesrurḍen, deg lqaleb yettwarzen. Aɣref i yebɣan ad d-yesseɣres tilelli, ssefkent-as tagmat turzint akked tdukli n tidet. Qqaren at zik : «Win ur nesɛi tarbaɛt, ur yettɣimi deg tejmaɛt ». Ihi, dduqset-d a widak yeṭṭsen, iḍacen deg yirebbi n trakna yeḥman, yeɣman. Kkret-d, beddet ad twalim, adabu n tlufa leqrar-is d yir taggara, ass-a neɣ azekka. Am wakken i qqaren : « Win ur nekmiz i yiman-is, ulac win ara s-ikemzen ». Tafsut-nneɣ, d tafsut tahuskayt, iɛecqen tahuski akked wayen yelhan yirkelli. Tafsut-nneɣ, sselɣent-tt leḥnana, tayri akked rreḥma n Sidi Rebbi. Lwerd n tefsut-nneɣ d asirem, d tagmat akked tdukli. Ijeǧǧigen n tefsut-nneɣ d itran icebbḥen tamazɣa u yal wa, s tfenda-s, s leqder-is. Tafsut-nneɣ, d nettat i ifazen irkelli deg umaḍal, deg umeɣrad. Maca, kkren-d yicenga n Rebbi, n tlelli, n tafat u ɛerḍen ad as-beddlen udem. Tikkelt, rran-tt d tazeggaɣt s yidammen. Tikkelt, rran-tt d taberkant s lbaṭel-nsen amesbaṭli, aberkan. Asmi yewwet yiɣisi deg tegrawla i xedɛen wuḍan akked yiḍan, i yeṭṭerḍeq wul i iqebren, i d-ldint wallen iqemcen. Yal tazwara tesɛa taggara u yal

Y



taɣawsa tesɛa tilisa. Lemmer ad d-kkren yimeɣrasen n tlelli, ad qqden tasusmi s yisuɣan n yimeṭṭawen teḥǧeb tmuɣli. Mačči deg useggas n 1980 i d-tebda tegrawla n tlelli maca, seg wasmi i d-yettwaxleq baba-tneɣ Adam, fell-as sslam n Rebbi. Send tamacahut n udlis : « Isefra iqburen n teqbaylit », i yura Dda Lmulud akked usarag-is i yettwagedlen, tella yakan send-is : « Tezɣent n yismazaɣen » akked waṭas n twuɣa nniḍen. Ama d ayen i yeḍran i Masnsen, Yugurten akked wiyaḍ, ama d ayen i d-yecrurden seg yiẓuran n tlufa. Lemmer i ɛriḍen yimaziɣen-nneɣ imeɛzuzen ad dduklen s tidet n tidet, ahat akka d nitni i d tazmert tamezwarut deg umaḍal irkelli ass-a. Maca, asmi i yessefk ad dduklen, llan la ttnaɣen u la ttmenɣan gar-asen. I neẓra u mazal ad nẓer, i yeḍran u mazal ad yeḍru. Iduba n tmazɣa, rekḍen tilelli, izerfan n umdan akked tugdut. Akken i rekḍen iẓuran n yiẓuran n yiɣerfan-nsen. Rebban-d aklan i sen-yeqqaren kan : « Anɛam ! ». Ḥadret ad ten-tamnem a tilemẓiyin akked yilemẓiyen-nneɣ. Acmumeḥ-nsen d leɛqira bu yigiman n yiqerra, udem-nsen yettwaɣum s leḥǧab akeddab. Nekni s yiɣerfan, ur ɣ-d-tṣaḥ ara ula d tisigert-nsen. Anida-tt tlelli ? Ulac-itt, tufeg truḥ. Anida-tt tugdut ? Ulac-itt, tettwamḍel deg dduḥ. Anida-ten yizerfan n umdan ? Ulac-iten, hatenan ttwameḍlen deg tatut yettwattun. Ass-a, yuɣal uqelmun s iḍarren. Lexdaɛ yeḥkem ṣṣwab, tikerkas ḥekment tidet, tiselbi teḥkem tazemnit. Ma d lbaṭel amesbaṭli, yekka-d nnig-sen u d netta i d agellid fell-asen. Yessefk nekni s yimaziɣen, ad nbeddel iman-nneɣ s yiman-nneɣ. Yessefk ad nesɛu tadukli n tidet akked tegmat taḥeqqanit. Tewweḍ-d tegnit ad nbeddel s ayen yelhan u ad neẓẓu lxir akked rreḥma n Sidi Rebbi gar-aneɣ. Yessefk ad nezwi takka i yiẓuran-nneɣ, ad nesfezwi leɛqul-nneɣ u ad d-nessukkes idles akked wansayen-nneɣ seg tatut yettwattun. Tasertit taɛlayant, talqayant mačči d nnger neɣ d aqeṣṣer. Tasertit d awelleh n tmuɣli n leɛqel ɣer ṣṣwab, ɣer leɛqel akked lmeɛqul, ɣer tafrara akked yimal n yiɣerfan. Tafelsafit n yiɣerfan imaziɣen d



acuddu n yimɣan s iẓuran, d asmekti n yizri deg yimir-a u imir-a deg tlalit n uzekka. Ḥadret ad tettum a tilemẓiyin akked yilemẓiyen-nneɣ belli d kenwi i d mmu n wallen-nneɣ, i d asirem n uzekka akked yimal-nneɣ. Tamazɣa nwen, azekka akked yimal nwen. Ma yella d nekni, ad ken-nɛiwen s wayen irkelli umi i nezmer. Ḥadret ad tettum iẓuran-nwen ! Sseḥbibret ɣef yigerrujen-nwen. Ḥadret iman-nwen seg yizerman akked taḍsa n wuglan. Deffir n yal amdan, yella umẓiw deffir-s. Ḥadret ad tettum amezruy-nwen, sseḥbibret ɣef tefsutin-nneɣ irkelli. Iniget deg usugen n tfelsafit, iniget deg yiẓuran n tussniwin akked tmusniwin. Ur ttamnet icenga n yimaziɣen wala tamuɣli yettefriwisen. Tenna-as tbuzegrayezt : «Ttaggadeɣ ɣef win ileḥḥun deg yiḍ akked win yettamnen win ukkud ur yeṭṭiḍ ». Ḥadret tiyita n deffir akked yir tagmat. Am wakken i ɣ-d-ǧǧan anzi-a lejdud-nneɣ : « I yettwagaden ḥala adɣaɣ uffir akked tyita n deffir ». A tilemẓiyin akked yilemẓiyen-nneɣ, ili-ken d ukyisen, d izemniyen. Ili-ken d uḥṛicen i yeckukden, s teɣzi d lefhama tiɛlayanin. Sɛut tadukli u tgerrzem tagmat-nwen. Tura, meyyzet deg tukkist-a i d-kkseɣ seg tebrat i s-yura Dda Lmulud Mɛemmri i Muḥend Azwaw ɣef tmusni :

Awer teḍru yid-wen ay at n tura am useklu umi gezmen yiẓuran : di tazwara zegzaw yifer-is, di teswiɛt sellaw iḍer. Ttejra mebla iẓuran leqrar-is d tamettant. Awer tilim ay at n tura d isekla war iẓuran.

Ay Azwaw, ur as-tegg ara algam i tmusni. Anida i tt-

yessaweḍ lǧehd ufud-is tawiḍ-tt, ma s aggur eǧǧ tamusni ad tali s aggur ; ma s itran eg-as abrid s itran, ma awan-is d asemḥellaq i ddunit akked wayen yellan, anef i tmusni ad tsemḥilleq i ddunit.



Taɣawsa tis kraḍ, tamusni, ay Azwaw, d asafu. D asafu n tafat : eǧǧ asafu ad ifu izuzef tillas.

Tamusni d asafu n wurɣu : eǧǧ asafu ad yesserɣ ayen yerkan, ayen yeblan akked wayen ur nesɛi iẓuran. Eg-as-d asaber ɣef wayen yelhan, ɣef wayen yelḥan deg yiberdan d amsebrid mačči d amenṭran. Tamusni d asafu : wa yettak-it i wa, i wakken ad yezg dayem yeɛla, urǧin yettendella neɣ yulwa neɣ yeqqim am uɣerrus di tesga.


Tafsut ass s wass

Tahar BOUKHENOUFA

Yennayer 1980 Aseḥbes n terbaɛt n uẓawan acawi « Azru » 10 Meɣres 1980 Aseḥbes n Mouloud Mammeri di Draa Ben Khedda, deg ubrid-is ɣer Ummas asdawan n Tizi-Uzzu i wakken ad yefk yiwen usarag ɣef « Isefra iqburen n teqbaylit » netta akked Salem Chaker. 11 Meɣres Inelmaden n Ummas asdawan n Tizi-Uzzu refden rray ad kecmen deg uneḥbus ɣef leqraya. Di yiwet n tikli di temdint n Tizi-Uzzu, ugar n 200 n yinelmaden beggnen-d asḥissef-nsen mgal aseḥreṣ i d-yettilin, u nnan « tamaziɣt d tutlayt-nneɣ ». Iselmaden izzayriyen n Ummas asdawan n Tizi-Uzzu refden rray ad arun tabrat i uneɣlaf n leqraya ɛlayen i wakken ad beggnen asḥissef-nsen mgal aqerreɛ n usarag n Mouloud Mammeri u ad ssutren tilelli n umeslay, ladɣa ayen yeɛnan tutlayt tamaziɣt. 12 Meɣres Deg tebrat i uran i uselway n tegduda, inelmaden n Tizi-Uzzu, ssutren ad yili usnegmu n tutlayt akked yidles amaziɣ, tiririt-ines d tutlayt tis snat n tmurt.



29 Meɣres Aseḥbes n Arezki About di tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu akked Mohamed Nait Abdellah, Ali Yahia Rachid, imeɣnasen n FUAA. Mohamed Nait Abdellah yettucareɛ deg uxxam n ccreɛ n yiserdasen n Blida u yettwaḥbes di lḥebs n Berouaghia. 04 Yebrir Said Sadi, yiwen seg yimeɣnasen i d-yufraren deg umussu amaziɣ, yessawel-d ɣer yiwet n tmesbanit ass n 7 di yebrir di Lezzayer tamanaɣt. 07 Yebrir Tamesbanit i d-yellan di Lezzayer tamanaɣt, tejmeɛ-d ugar n 500 n yimdanen, d inelmaden di tugget, iɣallen n laman ḥebsen 117 n yimesbaniyen gar-asen Ferhat Mehenni akked Hand Sadi. Di Draa El Mizan, iɣallen n laman qerɛen tikli i d-jemɛen yinelmaden n tesnawit akked yilemẓiyen. 70 gar-asen ttwaṭṭfen. Di Paris 500 n yimdanen ffɣen-d deg yiwet n temsbanit i ubeddi ɣer yidis n yimeɣnasen n umussu amaziɣ. 08 Yebrir Inelmaden gezmen-tt di rray ad kecmen deg uneḥbus ɣef leqraya u ad ṭṭfen ammas alamma tella-d tririt ɣef wayen ssuturen (aserreḥ n wid akk yettwaḥebsen, aselmed akked usteɛref s tmaziɣt, tilelli n umeslay). Deg unejmuɛ-nni tufrar-d yiwet n terbaɛt mgal aseḥreṣ, tarbaɛt-agi tesdukel 65 n yiɛeggalen gar yinelmaden akked yixeddamen, ferqen ɣef 4 n tesquma :

- Aseɛlem akked usezdi ; - Leqdic adelsan akked tɛessast ; - Assaɣen unṣiben (lwilayat akked yiɣallen n laman) ; - Assaɣen warunṣiben (taɣamsa, tisdawiyin, tikebbunay).

Di Lezzayer tamanaɣt, kra n yilemẓiyen ɛerḍen ad lḥun ɣer uxxam n yiɣallen n laman i wakken ad ssutren aserreḥ n yimdukal-nsen.



09 Yebrir Imunan n CFPA n Tizi-Uzzu ɛerḍen ad heggin yiwet n tikli i wakken ad beggnen lɣiḍ-nsen ɣef temḥeqranit i d-yesseɣli udabu ɣef tutlayt akked yidles amaziɣ, maca inelmaden akked yiselmaden n ummas asdawan ur bɣin ara ad tili tikli-nni i wakken ur d-yettili ara ugar n useḥreṣ fell-asen. Tasqamut mgal aseḥreṣ n Tizi-Uzzu tger-d tiɣri i yimezdaɣ i wakken ad meyyzen ɣef wayen akk yettaɛraḍ udabu akked yiɣmisen-is ad t-id-fken d isalan d tikerkas ɣef umussu. 10 Yebrir Deg wass wis tlata n wazduɣ n ummas asdawan, lwali n Tizi-Uzzu ihegga-d yiwet n tmesbanit i d-ijemɛen azal n 2000 n yimdanen. Di tesdawit n Lezzayer, ɣas akken yella-d umgarad gar yinelmaden yeddan akked UNJA/CNE akked wid yellan d imeɣnasen n umussu amaziɣ, ineggura-agi xedmen yiwen n yibeddi zdat n tnemhalt n tesdawit beggnen-d lɣiḍ-nsen mgal aseḥreṣ i d-yettilin ɣef umussu amaziɣ. Ibeddi-nsen ɣer yidis n umussu n Tizi-Uzzu. Ssutren s usteɛref s tutlayin akked yidelsan iɣerfanen (tamaziɣt akked taɛrabt n Lezzayer). Ssutren ad yili uqadar n tlelli n umeslay. 11 Yebrir Tuzzya n ummas asdawan n Tizi-Uzzu sɣur iɣallen n laman i wakken ad qarɛen isnawiyen, iselmaden akked yixeddamen yebɣan ad kecmen ɣer tesdawit. 12 Yebrir Deg ugerzu n Bgayet, necɛent acḥal n tmesbaniyin imi yettwaqareɛ Ferhat Mehenni (Imaziɣen Imula) ad yecnu di Sidi Aich. 13 Yebrir Tesɛa n yiselmaden n tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu rzan ɣer tneɣlaft n uselmed ɛlayen i wakken ad mlilen akked mass Brerhi i sen-d-yefkan tinubga. Imunan akked yisnawiyen n Tizi-Uzzu dduklen di



tesdawit i wakken ad mmeslayen akked yinelmaden ɣef wayen iḍerrun. Imejjayen akked yixeddamen n Sbiṭar Neddir Mohamed n Tizi-Uzzu gezmen-tt di rray ad ḥebsen axeddim i wakken ad beggnen ibeddi-nsen ɣer yidis n yinelmaden akked yiselmaden n tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu. 14 Yebrir Deg wass wis sebɛa n wazduɣ n ummas, Brerhi, aneɣlaf n leqraya ɛlayen, yerza ɣer Tizi-Uzzu netta akked yiɛeggalen n tiddukla n yixeddamen n Eléctronique akked tin n yiselmaden n tesdawit, yemmeslay akked yinelmaden, yenna-asen d iḥerkiyen i yellan deffir umussu n yimaziɣen. 15 Yebrir Yiwen seg yixeddamen n lluzin n Oued Aissi yettwaṭṭef sɣur yiserdasen imi yella yeṭṭef gar yifassen-is kra n yiḍrisen yeɛnan tamaziɣt. Zdat tedyant-agi, ixeddamen n lluzin ṭṭfen aɛeggal n ukabar FLN akked yiwen unemhal n SONELEC i wakken ad ssutren aserreḥ n umeddakel-nsen. 16 di Yebrir Imeɣnasen imaziɣen berrḥen-d i tikkelt tamezwarut deg umezruy n Lezzayer tamunnant ɣer uneḥbus amatu n lxedma. Imezdaɣ n tmurt n leqbayel rran-d i teɣri u suddsen-d yiwet n tesqamut taɣerfant i yesduklen iɛeggalen n tkebbaniyin akked yiɣerbazen. Aneɣlaf n uselmed deg tebrat i iceyyeɛ i yinelmaden akked yiselmaden n tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu, yessawel ɣer tuɣalin ɣer uselmed ass n 19 di Yebrir. Iwehha-d ɣer yinelmaden akked yiselmaden ara ibeddlen timsirin. 17 Yebrir ilmend n temlilit tis 6 ɣef usiɣwes id d-yelan deg waɣṛem n tmura, aselway Cahdli Bendjedid yemmeslay-d ɣef tedyanin n tmurt n iqbayliyen d Lezzayer tamanaɣt, yenna-d “nekkni d aɛṛaben nebɣa



naɣ nugi, nettiki ar tɣeṛma taɛṛabt tineslemt,, ihi Azzayri ur yesɛi ara tamagit nniḍen”. 18 Yebrir Ferhat Mehenni, yiwen seg yimeɣnasen n umussu adelsan amaziɣ, yettwaḥbes deg unafag n Lezzayer. 19 Yebrir Deg wass wis 12 n uzduɣ n CUTO1 agraw amatu n yinelmaden, iselmaden akked yixeddamen suddsen-d tlata n tesquma :

- Tasqamut tasduklant n yixeddamen akked yinelmaden ; - Tasqamut n tlelliyin timagdayin ; - Tasqamut n useddu n umussu.

Di Lezzayer tamanaɣt, inelmaden dduklen di tesdawit tallemast zzin-asen yiɣallen n CNS2 rnan-d ɣer-sen kra n yinelmaden ibaɛtiyen yebɣan ad ssuffɣen inelmaden-nni imeɣnasen di tesdawit. 20 Yebrir Deg yiwet n temhelt i wumi sawlen Mizrana, iɣallen n uqmaḍ akked yiǧadarmiyen kecmen ɣer uɣrem n tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu anda sḥebsen iselmaden ladɣa wid yeɣran di Fransa. Ula d lluzin n SONELEC n Oued Aissi akked sbiṭar Neddir Mohamed n Tizi-Uzzu kecmen-ten yiɣallen n useḥreṣ. Tamhelt-agi tegla-d s useḥbes akked ujraḥ n ugar n 443 n yimdanen. 21 Yebrir Tidyanin n 20 Yebrir ssekrent-d lɣiḍ n yimezdaɣ di yal tamnaḍt n tmurt n leqbayel yettwaɛezlen. Imezdaɣ n tudrin i d-yezzin i temdint n Tizi-Uzzu udren-d ad qablen iɣallen n yimsulta. Axxam n ccreɛ n Leqṣer (di Bgayet) yeḥkem ɣef 21 n yimeɣnasen yettwaṭṭfen seg useggas ar 5 yiseggasen n lḥebs. Wigi d : Boualem Saadi, Smail Kherbache, Abdelmadjid Benkaci, Abdelkamel

1 Ammas Asdawan n Tizi-Uzzu (Centre Universitaire de Tizi-Ouzou). 2 Iɣallen n uqmaḍ « useḥres » (répression).



Athmani, Mustapha Derradji, Yazid Meslem, Abdelhafid Benmouhoub, Abdenour Oumbiche, Arab Haddad, Boubkeur Djemai, Rabah Ramdani, Amar Boudraa, Hamid Zaidi, Rabah Keroui, Lakhdar Boukeroui, Malek Bouzidi, Mebrouk Kernou, Mouloud Khatri, Abderrazak Felgoul, Amar Attala, Mohamed Khenouci. 28 Yebrir Iqeddawen, iselmaden akked yinelmaden n tesdawit n Lezzayer deg yiwet n tebrat i uran i udabu wwten-d deg uqmaḍ i d-yettilin di tmurt n leqbayel u sfehmen-d ayen akken ssutren yimeɣnasen imaziɣen akked uzref n yal amdan di tmurt-is. Ar taggara ssutren ad yili umeslay ɣef uguren idelsanen n tmurt i wakken ad tili tdukli taɣelnawt s tilawt. 17 Magu Aneɣlaf n teɣdemt deg ulɣu-ines i APS1 iberreḥ-d s yismawen n yimeɣnasen yettwaḥebsen imi d nutni i yellan deffir n ccwalat n Tizi-Uzzu. Wigi ad twacerɛen deg uxxam n ccreɛ n Medéa. 19 Magu Yella-d usunded amatu di Tizi-Uzzu. 24 Magu Inelmaden n tesdawit Houari Boumediene kecmen deg usunded i wakken ad beggnen ibeddi-nsen ɣer yidis n yimeḥbas n tefsut imaziɣen. 26 Magu Inelmaden n tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu uɣalen ɣer temsirin.

1 Takebbanit n yisalan.



31 Magu Aneɣlaf n uselmed Brerhi yemlal inelmaden n tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu deg yiwen n ugraw ameqqran ideg i d-yenna belli ayen ssuturen d lḥeqq maca d anamek n usuter i yeǧǧan adabu ad yerr s aqmaḍ. 25 Yunyu Yella-d userreḥ i 24 n yimeɣnasen-nni yettwaṭṭfen di tedyanin n Yebrir. Seg umezwaru ar 31 Ɣuct I tikkelt tamezwarut deg umezruy n Lezzayer yella-d usqerdec, di tugdut akked tlelli n umeslay, n temsal icudden ɣer tmagit, idles, aselmed akked usegmi di tmurt, berra i tsuddsiwin n udabu. Annect-a yella-d di temlilit n Yakouren, tin i d-yesduklen imeɣnasen n umussu adelsan amaziɣ d tugdut, llan gar-asen yismazrayen, isnalsiyen, inelmaden, iselmaden, inmalayen akked yimdanen yettnaɣen ɣef tugdut akked yizerfan n umdan i wazal n waggur. Timilit ar taggara-s teffeɣ-d s yiwen uḍris d taḥawact n wuguren icudden ɣer yizerfan idelsanen akked wid n umdan s umata yessaramen tugdut. S wakka, iɛeggalen rẓan asalu i yizerfan n tugdut di Lezzayer akked tmazɣa s umata.


Ussan-nni deg tesdawit

Ramdane ABDENBI

Yebrir 80, d tafsut n yimaziɣen,

d tafsut n tlelli akked usirem, d tafsut i d-yessakin tafrit n yizzayriyen.

Di tazwara

ṭas n umeslay i yellan ɣef yebrir n 80. Uran-d yimeɣnasen, imeskaren... akked yisdawanen ɣef yineḍruyen n tefsut n yimaziɣen di yal amuli. Yal mi

ara sen-tettunefk tegnit, widen yeddren taluft-nni i d-yeɣlin ɣef leqbayel di yebrir-nni, ad dlun ɣef ccfaya-nsen i wakken ad rren tawwurt n tatut ɣef tallit-nni i yeldin tiwwura n tugdud akked tlelli ɣef Lezzayer akked yizzayriyen. Ttewten neɣ ttwaḥebsen, d inagan n umezruy ɣas akken d leɛmer n yiwet n tsuta i yezrin... 31 d aseggas ma drus !

D amzruy n tutlayt yugin tamettant. Tutlayt ur nettwaru. Tutlayt yeddren s wawal deg yidurar, deg yiɣeẓran, deg lexlawi, deg tliwa, deg tejmuyaɛ, deg leḥwari, deg yixxamen, deg yimawen n tyemmatin-nneɣ... D tutlayt tayemmat iɣef d-kkren i wakken ad inin i yimḍebbren n tmurt tidet n tmetti tazzayrit. Nitni nnan-d s tikli, isuɣan akked yifassen ilmawen, lḥekkam slan... rran-asen-d s « umxix », maca d acu i xedmen i wakken ad d-

A



skeflen llsas iɣef tebna tmurt ? Llsas-nni i neṭlen s yisem n ddin akked taɛrabt !

Ar iḍ-a ayen akken i ssutren mazal-it yettwaɛelleq am uɛeqqa n uzemmur ɣer tciṭa n tzemmurt. D tidet, tamaziɣt « ula d nettat » d tutlayt taɣelnawt, maca deg yisem kan... imi tilawt la d-teqqart ayen nniḍen... Di tefsut-nni

Di tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu, mačči d tarbaɛt n « warrac » iḍacen i yebɣan ad cewwlen tamurt dɣa fkan-tt i jjiḥ, rran-tt i tikliwin, isuɣan, inejmuɛen akked usexreb n wayen tekseb ddula… Mačči d urar i bɣan ad uraren seg wakken xaqen neɣ d takerḍa iɣef la ttnadin i wakken ad ččaren leǧyub-nsen... Mačči ɣef yiɛebbaḍ-nsen i d-kkren ad nadin ɣef tawant neɣ d laẓ i uggaden ad yeẓmi tikerciwin-nsen... Mačči d « afus aberrani » i ten-id-inebcen i wakken ad sṭerḍqen tamurt iɣef yemmut umelyun akked uzgen n umelyun n yimeɣrasen neɣ ad ssiɣen times di talwit ideg ttɛummun yizzayriyen... Mačči d tagrawla neɣ d tigrawliwin yettemseḍfaren di yal taɣult i bɣan ad tent-rẓen... Ur nudan ɣef win ara sen-yefken tijɛal, ur nudan ɣef win ara sen-yerren tajmilt. Fursen tagnit ideg tella liḥala n tmurt s umata akked teswiɛt-nni ideg yettwagdel wahil i d-heggan i Dda Lmulud i wakken ad asen-d-yemmeslay ɣef « Isefra iqburen n teqbaylit » i wakken ad d-tebbeɛzaq tidet i ffren deg wulawen-nsen am nitni am leqbayel nniḍen.

Imi tikli... akked usuɣu weḥd-nsen ur ttqiddin ara, di taggara yettuḥettem fell-asen ad rren asuter-agi merra akked wayen i ten-iceɣben ɣef lkaɣeḍ i wakken ad d-ǧǧen lǧerra ara ḍefren widen ara d-ileḥqen. Widen yeddren tafsut, widen yettekkan deg-s mlalen i wakken ad d-tlal « temlilit n Yakouren » deg ɣuct 1980 i wakken ad rnun tama tasertant i tama taɣerfant, tussnant yellan d aẓar n tnekra n yebrir 80.



Di temlilit n Yakouren

Mlalen yimusnawen n yal taɣult, imazrayen, isdawanen, iselmaden... akked yiɣerfanen i wakken ad d-heggin tiɣerɣert n Yakouren ideg yella merra wayen ssuturen. Mlalent tmuɣliwin yemgaraden n widen yennejmaɛen i wakken ad nadin ɣef wayen ixuṣṣen, ad kksen timenqas yellan i wakken ad d-yefrari yidles amaziɣ i ffren yimḍebbren n tmurt ɣef yizzayriyen merra. Ṛeggmen-asen lḥekkam tifrat... maca awal-nni yewwi-t waḍu... yeggra-d kan umeslay-nni i sen-d-qqaren « tamaziɣt ur tezmir ara i tussna akked tmusni », « tamaziɣt tebḍa tamurt »... « tamaziɣt d tawessurt ur nezmir i tatrara »… Wagi d kra seg wayen i yellan deg tɣerɣert n Yakouren : - Ulac tutlayt « tameqqrant » akked tutlayt « tameẓyant » ; - Ulac lebɣi asertan i wakken ad taf tmaziɣt amkan-is ; - D tutlayt tayemmat i ilaqen i warrac deg uɣerbaz ; - Ilaq ad tili tɣamsa s tmaziɣt ; - Ilaq ad yili umezgun, ssinima, taẓrigt akked uselmed s tmaziɣt ; - Tamaziɣt d tutlayt n tasekla, tussna akked tẓuri ; - Izerfan n umdan d llsas n yal tamurt ; - Aserreḥ i yineɣmasen i wakken ad sselɣun ; - Azuzzer n wallalen n talɣut akked widen n udabu ɣef tmurt n Lezzayer merra ; - ... Di taggara

Timetti taqbaylit ur tesbik ara. La tettbeddil, la tetteddu, la tettnadi ɣef wayen i tt-iwulmen akked wayen akk yellan d amaynut. Maca rran-as tilisa, ur tezmir ara ad tezger afrag yellan gar-as akked tudert tatrart. Ẓerrben lḥekkam timetti akked tmurt s yisem n ddin akked tegrawla. Ɣas akken, ilul-d usirem. Gan-as llsas widen yukin,



gerrzen-as afud yesɣersen leqyud n ddel i icudden leqbayel. Tebbeɛzaq-d teɣri : Haroun, Bessaoud, Mammeri… akked tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu yeffeɣ-asen leɛtab ɣer tafat di 20 yebrir 1980… Iban-d ubrid. Kksen asergel, kksen afrag i wakken ad ɛeddin wiyaḍ. Wiyaḍ-agi d nekni. I nekni tura acu i nexdem s wayen i ɣ-d-ǧǧan ? Amek i teḍra d ubrid-nni i fersen ?

Amezruy ur yettsemmiḥ ara. Ayen i ijerred ur t-seffḍen ara. Ad t-ffren, ahat, maca ad d-yaweḍ wass ideg ara d-iban. Si 1980 armi d 2011, nwala sani tessaweḍ tmaziɣt, tutlayt tayemmat yellan d « amihi » ɣef tmurt, tutlayt-is tunṣibt, ddin-is akked tegrawla-s. Nwala anda i d-teggra tmetti tazzayrit. Nufa ayen akken i ssutren di Yakouren mazal-it ar iḍ-a d tira kan imi ass-agi imḍebbren n tmurt-nneɣ la ɣ-d-qqaren « uguren-nneɣ deg uɛebbuḍ kan i llan, ma d widen n tsertit ur sɛin ara tilin ».

I ccfaya, i wakken ur ntettu ara imenza-nneɣ, widen i ɣ-d-yessakin s tigawt, s usefru, s tezlit, s udlis neɣ s wawal, widen igan llsas i tnekriwin i d-iḍefren, nessaram ad d-iban ubrid i yal timlilit ara d-yilin ɣef tmaziɣt akked tmazɣa, ɣef yidles akked tgemmi, nessaram ad yili ugar n waya.

Ɣas akken cwiṭ kan i d-yuddamen, maca amennuɣ yettkemmil...

Mazal lxir ɣef zdat...


Tamaziɣt ass-a tajmilt i yimezwura1

Hamid BILEK

kken yebɣu yiɣzif yiḍ, leqrar-is ad yali wass. Iseggasen ttɛeddin imulliyen wa yeṭṭafar wayeḍ , mkul tafsut s tefsut-is, yal tafsut s rrebḥ-is, tɛedda

tefsut n tmanyin, tetbeɛ-itt-id tefsut taberkant. A d-assent tiyaḍ, ad ddunt deg uzamul n tid iɛeddan, imi abrid i d-neǧrent d win n tugdut, d win n tlelli, d win n tmaziɣt… Abrid si tefsut n tmanyin armi d ass n wass-a, tedda deg-s tmaziɣt amecwar ɣezzifen, ulama yenneḍ, ulama yeččur d isennanen, d iɛekkuren, anida d irgazen i yettwaḥebsen, d tirwiḥin i yettusebblen. Tɛedda tedyant n tmanyin tusa-d tin n xemsa u tesɛin anida azal n umelyun imeɣriyen i iḥebsen ɣef uɣerbaz, sebblen aseggas n tudert-nsen, aseggas deg uzekka-nsen i wakken ad skecmen tamaziɣt ɣer uɣerbaz. Di tefsut taberkant mmaren idammen n wacḥal d ilemzi… Ass n wass-a, ahat wid inuḍḥen seg iseggasen n 40 d 50, wid n iseggasen n 60 d 70, ur ttamnen ara iman-nsen mi ara walin anida yessaweḍ umennuɣ-nsen, amennuɣ mi id terfed dderya-nsen. Tɛedda tallit anida Dda lmulud, azamul n tmaziɣt yettwaḥbes, ugin-as ad d-yawi assarag di Tizi-Ouzou, ɣef tigemmi tamaziɣt, ɣef isefra iqburen n teqbaylit. Yeḍra wayen yeḍran, yedda zman, Ass-a aɣmis-nni it iregmen yuɣal yettzuxu s tmusni-ines, yettmagar,

1 Yeffeɣ-d uḍris-a deg wuṭṭun 5 n tesɣunt « Tamaziɣt Tura ».

A



yesṭaṛḥib s leqdic i d-yettilin ilmend-is. Aya d amedya i wakken ad d-nini akken tebɣuḍ trewleḍ i tidet, akken tebɣuḍ tɣummeḍ lḥeq, akken tebɣuḍ, akken… Am win yettɣumun iṭij s uɣerbal, laṣel yettqellib ɣef laṣel, anaɣ yella deg wawal : tzemreḍ ad teskiddbeḍ ɣef yiwen yal ass, ad teskiddbeḍ ɣef medden yiwen wass, maca ur tezmireḍ ad teskiddibeḍ ɣef medden akk yal ass, qqaren daɣen: tidet am zzit, akken tebɣuḍ txelḍeḍ-tt, leqrar-is ad d-tifrir. Abrid n tidet, d abrit n laṣel, d abrid tmaziɣt di tmurt-is. D wagi kan ay d ṣwab. Seld tidyanin n 88, llint kra n tewwura, xelqen-d acḥal d akabar, acḥal d aɣmis, acḥal d tiddukliwin tidelsanin. Tamaziɣt yedda-d weḥric-is, ama d ikabaren, ama d iɣmisen, ama d tiddukliwin i iqeddcen tuget deg wennar n tmaziɣt, yal wa yefka-d ayen iwumi yezmer i wakken ad iɛawen tamaziɣt ad tali, ad taf iman-is di tmurt-is. Gar useggas n 90 d 91 lulen-d sin igezda (Departements) n tutlayt d yedles amaziɣ di Tizi ouzou d Bgayet. Deg useggas n 91 i tikkelt tamezwarut, tekcem tmaziɣt s wudem unṣib ɣer tiliẓri n lezayer s yiwen weɣmis n talɣut s tmaziɣt. Tiliẓri yellan yiwet n tallit teqqar-d ayen ur nezmir a d-nɛiwed ɣef imeɣnasen n tugdut, ɣef imeɣnasen n tlelli, ɣef imeɣnasen n 80. Maca ! Aneḥbus ɣef uɣerbaz di 95 yeslul-d Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa, (tasuddut tamezwarut di timunent n Lezzayer iqeddcen i tmaziɣt), yessekcem tamaziɣt s aɣerbaz, aɣerbaz i deg ass-a llan deg-s azal n 250000 inelmaden, nnig n 1400 n isemaden n tutlayt tamaziɣt. Deg useggas n 2001 yekker ubaxix, yeɣli azal n 126 d ilemẓi ɣef tugdut, ɣef tlelli n wawal, akk d tmaziɣt. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal, tamaziɣt tḥella-d, tekcem di tmendawt deg useggas 2002, tuɣal d tutlayt taɣelnawt. Anwa yumnen ! Aseggas n 2009 yegla-d s tullya n tiliẓri tamaziɣt, u mazal lxiṛ ɣer zdat… I wakken ad nilit nessaram s azekka yelhan, yelha ma nwala d akken yella wayen yettwaxedmen deg unnar agi n tmagit, n izerfan n wemdan, n teɣdemt, n tmaziɣt …atg. Lexṣaṣ yella, maca aqeddim



yedda ɣer zdat, ɣer deffir tuɣalin ulac. Akken qqaren taqerɛunt ma yella tneṣṣef, yiwen ad tt-iwali tneṣef teččur, wayeḍ ad tt-iwali nefṣ deg-s d ilem. Di sin sɛan lḥeq imi mxallafent tmuɣliwin, win yessaramen s ayen yelhan, ad tt-iwali la tettaččaṛ, ma d win yeddarɣlen, yettwalin siwa ṭlam wina ad yettwali taqerɛunt a tezazal, a tneggi. Wigi d wid yebɣan dɣa tamaziɣt ad tt-rren daxel n tqarɛunt, am wakken xeddmen i yiɣerdayen n tirmitin. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal, akken bɣunt mxallafent tmuɣliwin, tamaziɣt tuɣal d tilawt di tmurt-is. Tamaziɣt tekcem di tmendawt, tamaziɣt teṭṭef aḥric deg wennar n talɣut, tamaziɣt tekcem deg uɣerbaz azzayri, yiwen ur yezmir ad yenkeṛ. I wid yettwalin akken nniḍen, tamaziɣt ulac lxuf fella-s. Tamaziɣt tessutur deg-sen kkan ur tt-nnekren ara, ur tt-ttbeddilen ara s tayeḍ. Ayen isehlen akk di ccɣel-agi d ayen ilaq ad yexdem yal yiwen deg-neɣ, d ayen isehlen ɣef yal yiwen deg-neɣ : d ameslay gar-aneɣ s tmaziɣt, d ameslay i dderya-nneɣ s tmaziɣt, d wayi id “Le SMIG” di tudert n tutlayt. Yal aseggas tafsut a d-tuɣal, nessaram yis-neɣ, nessaram s tmaziɣt, s warraw n tmazɣa ad tif tid iɛeddan. Tamaziɣt ass-a teḥwag ad idirin warraw-is yid-s mačči ad mmten fell-as. Tajmilt ad tuɣal i wid isebblen tirwiḥin-nsen, tudert-nsen, seg iseggasen n ṛebɛin tarreḍ-d d asawen, Iɛegalen n Wegraw Imaziɣen (Academie Berbère), imeɣnasen n tmanyin, arrac n xemsa u tesɛin, arraw n tefsut taberkant, tiddukliwin tidelsanin d wid yakk yellan d imufiren, d iqeddacen n tmusni imi izad leqdic-nsen, i wakken yusa-d wass-a, anida akken s yenna winna: “Zik tamaziɣt tettawi ɣer lḥebas, ass-a tettawi ɣer tafat, ɣer tlelli i wakken ass-a ad yif iḍelli, azekka ad yif ass-agi”.


Tadiwennit tasugnant akked Lmulud At Mɛemmer

Seddik IAZZOUGUENE

i nerza ɣer At Yanni ussan-a n tefsut nufa Lmulud At Mɛemmer yettraǧu-aɣ di tejmaɛt n taddart di tewrirt Mimun,yetturar aparti n diminu

netta akked kra n yimɣaren, nerǧa armi tt-yeɣleq umeddakel-is, yeḥseb tiḥjurin-nni i d-yeggran deg yifassen n wigad i t-id-iqublen, yuɣal yezzi-d ɣur-neɣ, yenna-d : - Mreḥba yis-wen, lliɣ ttraǧuɣ-ken, meɛna imeddukal-iw, bɣan ad d-nawi aparti n diminu, ihi ddiɣ-asen di lebɣi. Ad ḥebseɣ kan dagi imi yifat fkiɣ-awen ttiɛad akken ad nemlil ass-a. Mi nteddu deg ubrid s axxam, nemlal-d yiwet n temɣart i wumi qqaren Nna Malḥa ɣef uɛrur-is terfed aqecwal n uzemmur, tban-aɣ-d am tin yeɛyan, yenṭeq ɣur-s Dda Lmulud yenna-as : - Aseggas-a ad teffɣeḍ axxam si zzit a Malḥa ! - Annaɣ a Lmulud a gma, lxir yefka-d Rebbi, tazmert ulac, ula d arraw-iw yal yiwen anda t-iḍegger uɣrum amcum. Dɣa newwet nɛedda, yuɣal yenna-d Dda Lmulud : - Teẓram a tarwa, Fransa ur teṣṣaweḍ ara ad tenfu leqbayel si tmurt-a, di ṭṭrad-nni iɛeddan ulac ayen ur xdimen ara ; ɣeḍlen, gezmen rnan sserɣen ula s tmes tizemrin ula akken aqbayli yeqqim di tmurt-is, ur yennejla, ur yerwil, ur yuggad. Tazemmur d azamul, d tudert n uqbayli. Yewwi-aɣ s axxam-is di taddart, yessuter i temɣart-is ad aɣ-d-tesseww afenǧal n lqahwa, neqqim deg yiwet n texxamt iqublen

M



adrar n Ǧerǧer, Taleṭṭaṭ tessa s udfel, tuddar n At Wasif akked At Sedqa ttmecruruqent seg yiṭij-nni n wass-nni, i yefkan ccbaḥa i tuddar n leqbayel merra. - S lferḥ d ameqqran i k-nemlal ass-a ! Am wakken teẓriḍ aql-aɣ di tewwurt n usfuggel n umuli wis 31 n tefsut n yimaziɣen, kečč i yellan d ssebba n tnekkra n yilemẓiyen isdawanen lawan-nni, acu ara aɣ-d-tiniḍ ɣef wayen yeḍran ass-nni ? - Di tazwara ilaq ad teẓrem belli mačči d nekk i yellan d ssebba n tnekkra n tefsut n yimaziɣen, inelmaden n tesdawit n Tizi-Uzzu necden-iyi-d akken ad asen-d-awiɣ asarag ɣef Yisefra iqburen n teqbaylit, d adlis i d-yeffɣen ussan-nni kan, ihi mi d-uliɣ si Lezzayer tamanaɣt, ḥebsen-iyi yimsulṭa di Mirabu neɣ Draɛ Ben Xedda, tidet kan, ur fhimeɣ ɣef i wacu, uɣalen ssutren-d deg-i akken ad beddleɣ ass i usarag-inu, mi nudaɣ ad fehmeɣ, imsulṭa wwin-iyi ɣer lwali i yellan di Tizi-Uzzu taswaɛt-nni, yessuter deg-i akken ad as-beddleɣ ass i usarag, imi liḥala ur terkid ara. Maca inelmaden di tallit-nni ur asen-yeɛǧib ara lḥal imi adabu ur yebɣi ara ad d-tili temlilit gar-i akked yinelmaden, ihi tagi d ssebba i yeǧǧan isdawanen akked yilemẓiyen n tmurt n leqbayel ad d-kkren i wakken ad ssutren amkan i tmeslayt akked yidles-nsen. Di lweqt-nni, ur ilaq ara ad nettu, Tizi-Uzzu tella d abeḥri i turin, yella umennuɣ ɣef tutlayt akked yidles amaziɣ, ɣef tugdut, ɣef yizerfan n umdan akked tsertit s umata, imaziɣen n Lmerruk, wid n Libya akked wid n Lezzayer ttwalin-tt d Lqebla, ihi awal ad d-nini fell-as drus, taggara-agi texleḍ akka kra, meɛna melba ccek, ad d-yas wass ad tuɣal ɣer wakken tella. - Ma newwi-d awal ɣef yidles akked tutlayt n tmaziɣt tura ? - Aṭas n leqrun i iɛeddan, mseḍfaren-d wa deffir wa, yal yiwen yewwi amur-is, yetteggix yidles akked tutlayt-nneɣ am ugadir s asif, am wakken i as-yenna umedyaz : xas fell-as la nettɛassa, kul aseggas yečča seg-s. Aṭas ara as-yinin d awal kan, imi lmut mačči ɣur



umdan kan i d-trezzu, maca trezzu-d ula ɣur tɣermiwin, idelsan akked tutlayin. Nadit deg umezruy mačči d yiwen i wumi teḍra. Nniɣ-t-id yakan, ur nettmettat, ur nqebbel aḍerref, ur nteddu akked yiqeffafen, ur nettuɣal d wiyiḍ. Ma ɣef tmeslayt, 3000 n yiseggasen aya nekni d iskutiyen i ubaɣur n wiyiḍ, ncennu ccnawi n wiyiḍ, nettmeddiḥ lemdeḥ-nsen, maca nnuba-nneɣ tura tezzi-d, ma yella neṭṭes mazal lḥal, ass-a d nekni i d-iṣaḥ wawal, yerna d nekni kan i terza temsalt ɣef tmeslayt-nneɣ, ulac wid i izemren ad aɣ-bnun tameslayt ma ur as-nefki azal nekni. Uran s tefniqt, s tlatinit, s tegrigit s taɛrabt s tefranisit, yiwen ur yuri s tmaziɣt armi teqqim tmeslayt-nneɣ ur d-tufrar ara gar tiyiḍ, tezga berra n unnar. Maca mazal-itt ara ass-a treṣṣa, tedder, tella ! Aselmed-ines ur yegdil ara am zik neɣ am di lweqt-nneɣ nekni, asiẓreg n yidlisen s tmaziɣt yebda yettnerni seg useggas ɣer wayeḍ, imdanen ur qqaren ara idlisen n tmaziɣt ddaw ubernus, tura ɛinani icebba-iyi Rebbi idlisen n tmaziɣt ttnuzun ugar n wiyaḍ di tesdelsiyin, annect-a yessefraḥ. Xas akken mazal yella lexsas di kra n yiḥricen… - Acu tenniḍ deg unekcum n Tamaziɣt di tmendawt n tmurt-nneɣ ? - Umneɣ belli ad d-yas wass ad naweḍ ɣer lebɣi-nneɣ, imi akken yebɣu yiɣzif yiḍ duleqrar ad yali wass, xas akken bdiɣ ttayseɣ. Acuɣer armi ɣlin 126 n yilemẓiyen n tmurt n leqbayel akken adabu ad yeqbel ad yessekcem tamaziɣt di tmendawt, annect-a uggadeɣ ad yili d aɣebbar s allen acku aṭas n wayen nniḍen i iṛeggem udabu-a ar tura ur d-iban wara, tameslayt akked yidles n tmaziɣt mačči d tanuṭ neɣ d tarbibt ilaq ad as-yettunefk wazal akked lqima, icebba-yi Rebbi, asmi ara ttwakksent yir tikta ɣef yidles akked tmeslayt n tmaziɣt, tamurt-a ad tizmir ad tqerreb ɣer zdat, axaṭer abrid-a i d-wwin am temcict i yeččan arraw-is, neɣ i ten-inekren. Rnu ɣer waya Tamaziɣt d tutlayt taɣelnawt drus, ilaq usenṣeb-ines, ad tesɛu allalen ugar n wayen i yettunefken akka tura.



- I uselmed n tmaziɣt deg uɣerbaz azzayri ? - Asmi bdiɣ aselmed-ines (n tmaziɣt) di tesdawit n Lezzayer aṭas n yinelmaden i d-yettasen ad ḥeḍren i temsirin i d-ttawiɣ, ama ɣef tjerrumt, taseftit akked tira s umata, walaɣ lebɣi meqqren ɣer yinelmaden-a, imiren qqareɣ-asen ass-a 20 n yinelmaden azekka ad ilin ugar, awal-a qqareɣ-t-id deg yiseggasen-nni n sebɛin, yerna nella nesselmad s tuffra, mačči s wudem unṣib am wass-a acku imḍebbren lawan-nni ur staɛrfen ara s tmaziɣt, cfiɣ nreggel si tzeqqa ɣer tayeḍ akken ad xedmeɣ tamsirt-inu. Ass-a la ttwaliɣ tamaziɣt d tilawt deg uɣerbaz, yeffeɣ leɛtab ɣer tafat, meɛna annect-a ur d-yusi ara kan akka, d agdud s lekmal-is i d-yerran tiɣri i uneḥbus ɣef leqraya deg useggas-nni n 1994. Tisdawiyin ama n Tizi-Uzzu, Bgayet neɣ Tubiret tura suffuɣent-d iselmaden n tmaziɣt, ihi llan wid yeččan aɣrum s tmeslayt-a am tid nniḍen, maca mazal lxir ɣer zdat. Akka ar tura llant temnaḍin di tmurt n leqbayel neɣ n timmuzɣa s umata ur qqaren ara tamaziɣt, ad d-fkeɣ amedya; icenwiyen di Tipaza; ur tt-qqaren ara, imẓabiyen di Tɣerdayt ternuḍ-d itergiyen di tneẓruft wama tura icawiyen, d imexḍa wid tt-yeqqaren, ihi ɣef wannect-a i d-nniɣ yella lexsas, rnu leḥrara ur nelli ara ɣer yimḍebbren teɛna temsalt, ihi ur ilaq ara ad d-nini newweḍ maca asurif mazal-it ɣezzif, ur ilaq ara ad nebru i ṭṭbel deg waman, akken qqaren at zik. Imi iselmaden dɣa ttunemren ɣef waya, ṣawḍen ad sḥemmlen tameslayt i warrac (yinelmaden) deg yiɣerbazen, ass-a ilaq tajmilt ad asen-tuɣal akken ma llan, di lawan anida ilemẓiyen i irebḥen akayad n lbak fernen ad ɣren tangiwin nniḍen di tesdawiyin n tmurt-nneɣ la nettwali ass-a aṭas deg-sen ttextirin ad ɣren tamaziɣt akken ad uɣalen d iselmaden n tutlayt-nsen, d aya i la iḍerrun di tmura i yebɣan ad d-sbeggnen tameslayt-nsen, timeslayin n yigduden akken ma llant banent-d acku arraw-nsent fkan-asent azal, akken yeqqar umusanw n tesnilsit Ferdinand DE SAUSSURE : Tameslayt i tt-irefden d wid i tt-yettmeslayen (La langue appartient à ses locuteurs).



- Iseggasen-agi ineggura, ladɣa seg umussu n tefsut taberkant ɣer da, nuɣal nefreq yal yiwen acu n taɣect i d-yettawi, acu i yettwali Lmulud At Mɛemmer yezmer ad aɣ-yezdi neɣ ad aɣ-yesdukel ? - Urǧin xedmeɣ tasertit i wakken ad d-afeɣ ayen ilaqen ass-a, nekk d amyaru d amnadi ɣef yidles akked tmeslayt-iw, ayagi ur yemniɛ ara wiyaḍ akken ad xedmen tasertit, yal wa d aẓru i yezmer ad d-yernu, acukan mačči s teɛdawt, mačči s lkerh, leḥsed, neɣ ad trekḍeḍ gma-k akken ad tawḍeḍ s ayen tebɣiḍ, lameɛna ayagi yal ass qqareɣ-t-id, akken yebɣu nili, ḥala idles akked tmeslayt-nneɣ, d wigi kan ur ilaq ara ad nferreṭ deg-sen, imi d wi i d nekni, neɣ d wigi i d nekk d kečč, d aya kan i izemren ad aɣ-yeǧǧ neddukel, ma d tasertit a tarwa ilaq kan ad tebnu mačči ad tessedrem kra i aɣ-d-ǧǧan yimezwura-nneɣ. - Aṭas n warrazen i yewwin isem-ik. Tiddukla n yiselmaden n tmaziɣt n ugezdu n Tizi-Uzzu tettheggi-d yal aseggas « Arraz n Lmulud At Mɛemmer i Tzabut s tmaziɣt » i yinelmaden yeqqaren tamaziɣt, acu tenniḍ ? - Ayagi d ayen yelhan, yewweḍ-iyi-d lexbaṛ ɣef wayen txeddmem, tessefraḥem inelmaden, ad ken-yessefreḥ Rebbi, ilaq ad teẓrem belli terram-d asirem, tessawḍem ad ten-id-tessemlilem (igerdan) deg yiwen wass ɣer yiwet n tzeqqa, yal yiwen tamnaḍt iseg d-yerza, annect-a yessefraḥ igerdan-agi, uqbel ad ferḥen yimawlan-nsen, tajmilt meqqret i wid i ken-yettɛawanen akken ad d-theggim ccɣel yecban wagi. Ihi ssarameɣ-awen afud igerrzen, teɣzi n leɛmer i temsizzelt-a. Di lweqt-iw, tamaziɣt tessekcam ɣer leḥbas, tura, ass-a tamaziɣt tesseččay aɣrum, tettak arrazen i warrac, anwa ara s-yinin ad d-yaweḍ wass-a ! Ur tettut ara llan aṭas n yirgazen nniḍen i yuklalen tijmilin am tigi, a wi yufan ad ten-id-nemmekti ula d nutni acku yal yiwen deg-sen acu i d-yerna i tmeslayt akked yidles-nneɣ.



- Deg usteqsi aneggaru, amek i tettwaliḍ imal n tmeslayt-nneɣ, ma newweḍ ɣer tizi n lemnaɛ neɣ mazal amecwar ɣezzif ? - Kullec deg ufus-nneɣ i yella, ass yecban ass-a timeslayin d ṭṭrad i yettnekkaren gar-asent akken ad d-rebḥent kra n umḍiq deg umaḍal-agi, ur ǧǧin kra akken ad aɣ-d-kecmen ɣer daxel n yixxamen-nneɣ ama s tiliẓri-nsen neɣ s Internet i uɣalen ass-a ibeddel timuɣliwin n medden, amaḍal yuɣal d taddart, da kečč, tzemreḍ, ad teẓreḍ ayen yeḍran di Marikan di lawan anda yezmer ad yili unejmeɛ di tejmaɛt n taddart-ik, kečč ur d-tewwiḍ s lexbar, mačči akken ad sɣezfeɣ awal meɛna d allus ara d-alseɣ i wayen d-nniɣ yakan, tameslayt akked yidles i ten-irefden d arraw-nsen, ass-a yiwen ur yezmir ad ak-d-yawi lqut i warraw-ik, a bnadem ma ur tekkireḍ ara ad txemmleḍ i yiɣallen-ik. Ayen zemreɣ ad t-id-iniɣ di taggara, yerna ttuqenɛeɣ yis-s, ayen ara rnuɣ di ddunit-a, ur ẓriɣ ara acḥal i yi-d-yeqqimen, agdud-inu, akken tebɣu tiwɛir fell-as taluft, ad yizmir ad tt-yefru, i tebɣuḍ tiɣzifeḍ a yiḍ duleqrar ad yali wass neɣ i yebɣu yesɛedda lbaṭel, tidet am zzit, yiwen n wass ad d-tifrir.

Tagi d tadiwennit i d-ssugneɣ weḥd-i, yezmer ad yili yella wanda maleɣ acku ulac yiwen i izemren ad yebḍu netta akked tikta-ines, ihi yal yiwen deg-wen yezmer ad d-yessugen ayen yebɣa neɣ akken yessen, nekk d tagi i d tamusni-w, ssarmeɣ kan ad tili d tin ara yebnun mačči d tin ara ihudden. Ssebba tameqqrant n tdiwennit-agi tella-d mi ttmeslayeɣ nekk akked umeddakel-iw Abdenour Hadj-Said, nniɣ-as ttxemmimeɣ ad d-aruɣ tikkelt-a yiwen uḍris ideg ara d-smeslayeɣ akk irgazen-nni n yiseggasen n sebɛin akked tmanyin ad ten-steqsiɣ ɣef umussu n 80 « tafsut n yimaziɣen », ihi seg wakken ad yiwɛir lḥal akken ad ten-id-sneṭqeɣ akken ma llan, neɣ ahat ad ttuɣ yiwen deg-sen, teɣli-d tikti-agi n « tdiwennit akked Lmulud At Mɛemmer ».


Ddqiqa n tsusmi

Abdelkader ABDI

Ṛzag wawal deg yimi Neḥzen a zzman i ɣ-yesrewten Leɛqel wwint-t lewhami Meqqret tyita i aɣ-yewwten Beddet ddqiqa n tsusmi Ɣef lerwaḥ n wid yemmuten Tafat akken i d-teflali Yesburr-as talaba ṭṭlam Yeffer-itt idel-itt ɣef tmuɣli Truḥ tɛedda am lemnam Ṣṣur n lḥara yeɣli Yers-d leḥzen ɣef uxxam Weṣṣaɣ iẓri-w ad iru Fell-ak a win ɛzizen D leqlam akken ad yaru Ur yettili kra ara t-yarzen Akken ad iṣeggem asefru Ara d-yessruyen irgazen Ɣas tawla ur iyi-tberru Ɣas ur ittmettat leḥzen



Ah ya mmi ɛzizen fell-i Aql-i ggriɣ-d ulamek Ala ṭṭlam la d-iɣelli Axxam mi ifeǧǧeǧ yis-k Truḥeḍ lbenna ur telli Xir lemmer ddiɣ yid-k Lferḥ yemmzel ɣef uẓekka-k Mi akken k-rran timedlin Ufiɣ imeṭṭi d leslak Yessifsus di tawliwin Ma d lḥiḍ tteswira-k Mi tt-sakdeɣ ifadden ɣlin Dayenni beddlen leḥwal Mačči d ayen ara d-neḥku Ɣef uxxam yerza-d ccwal Yextar anisi ara d-yebdu Mkul taɣawsa la k-d-tessawal Amnar tasga ideg nḥekku Teǧǧiḍ-d rrehba d tuggdi Mkul iḍ ad ten-qableɣ Ur ufiɣ yiwen yid-i Ad ikkes lweḥc uggadeɣ Deg wul a mmi tifidi Ur tḥellu almma neṭṭleɣ Teǧǧiḍ-d tudert-iw d ilem Yerna zik yis-k i teɛmer Txelfeḍ-d deg-i ssem Attah liḥala-w tenṭer Ul-iw yugi ad yessusem Fell-ak kan i yi-d-ihedder



Aṭas i s-yennan yeḥmeq Ɣer uẓekka-k mi ttqeggileɣ Ẓẓiɣ-as lwerd d leḥbeq D wayen akk nniḍen ḥemmleɣ Ur ten-isɣar yiṭij ma yecreq S imeṭṭi-w i ten-sswayeɣ Mmi di leɛmer n twerdet Di tizya-s acḥal yeɣlin Mmuten ɣef wudem n tidet D lḥerma ad tezdeɣ tudrin Kul wa d taɛeqqayt di tyedret D-iǧǧan ɣer deffir tiyedrin Mi ara tfak ddqiqa n tsusmi Ay atma ɣef lerwaḥ-nsen Nɣet s wawal tasusmi Wid ur neẓri ḥkut-asen Ḥadret d ddkir iɣimi Kemmlet deg ubrid-nsen Yak akka i d tilleli Abrid-is d lebda itett Alamma ɣef wudem-is neɣli Ara d-tefsu am twerdet Lḥeqq yid-s ad t-nwali Yeṭṭef-as-d afus i tidet



Ḥṣut Ḥṣut tkellex-iyi tsusmi Ɣileɣ kul ass tif ddheb Mi rriɣ xemsa ɣef yimi Wis d tuggdi neɣ d aqezzeb Ur stqesaɣ acimi Mi akken tetteddu ad tegrireb Akken i yi-ikellex yiɣimi Lebɣi-w ur t-id-isseqreb Akkagi ay atma ssusmeɣ Ɣef lbaṭel tiṭ tettwali Akkagi ay atma qqimeɣ Amzun ssukseɣ-d i tikli Akkagi ay atma ṣebreɣ Ɣas akken ṣṣber d ilili Armi iyi-d-tufiḍ wehmeɣ D ulac i ččiɣ d imekli Nsiɣ aɛebbuḍ d ilem Rniɣ zzyada n ddemmar Almi i uɣaleɣ am yiclem Neɣ ini cbiɣ amesmar Qbel ccfer ad iyi-t-tmedlem Qbel ad iyi-tcuddem aɣesmar Ad d-teslem ad iyi-d-slen Tidet ass-a ad tt-id-nehḍer Akkagi i teḍra yid-i Akkagi i teḍra yid-neɣ Akkagi i yi-tekker tfidi Akkagi i tekker akk deg-neɣ Akkagi i yi-ččan tidi



Akkagi i ččan tidi-nneɣ Qebleɣ tqeblem yid-i Ihi ccah merra deg-neɣ Afus i yi-yefkan tiyita Kul ass ssuduneɣ-t rennuɣ Leɛmer iles-iw i d-yeccetka Ɣas akken lxaṭer-iw iluɣ Ass-a ḥseb ar tlata Sel-as i lḥeqq ad d-isuɣ S wurfan ad d-greɣ nnehta Times deg-s ad tt-id-ssedduɣ Awal ad d-yeffeɣ am rrɛud Ad d-yarew ajajiḥ n tmes Neɣ ad d-yeffeɣ am lbarud Rruḥ n lbaṭel ad t-yekkes Ɛemmdeɣ ad qqleɣ d uɣud Ad ruḥeɣ d asfel yid-s Ma lḥeqq ad as-fsin leqyud Ɣef yigellil ad d-iḥewwes


Suddes tamurt-ik ! Aru s tutlayt-ik !

Akli KEBAILI

Aha kan zelz iman-ik Skikkeḍ allaɣ-ik

Ddkul-d seg targit-ik Siwel, aru s tutlayt-ik

Ili-k d iman-ik

Suddes axxam-ik akked tmurt-ik Seggem abrid n yimawlan-ik !


At yigenni

Koussaila ALIK

Seg wasmi tzedɣem igenni Tekksem amḍiq i yitran

Asigna yuɣal d taduli Yis-s teɣbam iṭij n yirrezgan

Yid-wen tewwim-d cctawi D asawen refden-aɣ waman

Leɛwanṣer ččuren d ahni Ɣef wakal meqqin yiẓekwan

Ccwal ɣur-wen d icedhi

Tinufa deg-s i tent-tettaǧwem Nnig-neɣ mi teṭṭfem kulci

I lmektub tbeddlem udem Zzur teǧǧam-t i udari

Di leɛnaya-s tettidirem Ternam azref d inigi

Win ikkren yis-s ad t-tɣeḍlem Tesgugmem ccna n tefsut

Yexsi usirem i d-ilulen D tasusamt teqqel tsekkurt

Tunef i yibẓiẓen cewwqen Yid-wen tthuzzun tamurt

Deg unebdu uḍan ɣezzifen



Aɣmim yeɣli-d am tagut I icebbeḥ taweṣṣaft-nwen !

Ul ma reglen-t wurfan S yimi ara frunt tilla

Ma tiɣri-s tennebran Ur tt-teǧǧim ad tusu kra

Ḥṣut ihi d ayen kan Ar ufus ad taweḍ tuḍna

Ur yewɛir uɣilas yeṛwan I yewɛer umcic di tuqqna

Ayen akk ideg tesrewtem

Yis-s ara tɛemrem aseksut Deg wayen akk tessendayem

Deg-s ara tseqqim tarbut Ama d tizeṭ, ama d tesmem

Qeblet-tt tura d lqut Ar melmi ara tfaqem

Asmi ara tenhez tmurt


Iles

Malek HOUD

Yettuɣaḍ yiles deg yimi Yeqqim yeṭṭli Ur yezmir ad d-yini awal Deffir wuglan yedduri Yerra-tt i tguni Ayen yeffer d izumal Imetman ḥaca nutni Aksum-is yelwi Yeɣli d amɣar ur yuklal Ay acedluḥ azeggaɣ Yiggas ad k-seggeɣ Ad k-ḍeggreɣ i wuccanen Lbaṭel mi ara t-ẓreɣ Ɛerḍeɣ ad d-neṭqeɣ Tɛuggneḍ fukken imeslayen Teẓriḍ diri ma ssusmeɣ Tebɣiḍ ad qebleɣ Amrar s amgerḍ n watmaten



Aḥeqq iles yettwakeblen D wallaɣ yiraden D tamdelt ɣef uẓekka ar tekkes Ad nẓer at laxert yeddren Aglim ɣef yiɣsan Ifassen refden iles A-ten aya ulin-d d asawen Agdud ad t-muqlen Walan-t d azeqqur ires Zerriɛa-s teɣli ɣer wakal Issemɣi ar d-ilal Iles-is ur ikerri ad yiɣzif Deg tfeqlujt tagmat tikal Ɣer lḥeqq tmal Teggul ad tekkes aɣilif Ass ara d-igrin d amellal Ad ifak ccwal Iles ad s-d-yuɣal nnif



Tabrat n umeḥbus Tira tceṭṭeḥ gar wallen-iw Yefla lkaɣeḍ seg yimeṭṭi Derbuka tekkat deg wul-iw Udem-iw yeɣreq deg tidi A yemma aql-i iman-iw Yenɣa-yi iɣimi weḥd-i Mačči d timenɣiwt i nɣiɣ Mačči d tukerḍa i ukreɣ Lmut tneqq ayen i sɛiɣ Nekk nnan-d ilaq ad ɛemmdeɛ Ul-iw yugi ɣas ma bɣiɣ Zzɛaf yezɛef d azeggaɣ A yemma aḍar irekku Ifer n uzemmur yeqqur A yemma d acu ara nesɛu Yeggra-d usɣar d azeqqur Lḥif i ɣ-yeksan yettɣummu Yemmeɣ-d yekkes-aneɣ amur Ma nekkini ttwaḥebseɣ Rray d-fkiɣ yettcali Gar leḥyuḍ nekk ssusumeɣ Berra netta yettimẓi Ayen ffreɣ ad d-yeffeɣ Ddunit merra ad t-wali Ṣṣber a yemma ṣṣber Am tyemmat-nniḍen Lweqt yedha-d d umɛebber



Yiggas ad s-nini d ayen Tafat ad d-tezger i umnar Deg temda n lferḥ ad nsisen Kkes imeṭṭi seg wallen-im Ḍes alamma d imeẓẓuɣen Ur ttagad ara ɣef mmi-m Ur tufiḍ d acu ara t-yaɣen Neggul d ṣṣwab ad d-yeqqim S sshala neɣ s yidammen

Dayen Aṭas i teɛya yemma Seg wasmi d-tekker akka Leɛmer i twala tafat Tewwet fell-as lgerra Rrɛud d usigna Aɣilif s ṣṣber terna-t Axemmem fell-as yezga Yir ass ihegga Tin yekfan ad d-tas tis snat Teṭṭalay s igenni ɣer Yillu Ar ɣur-s tdeɛɛu I melmi ara d-yali wass Tengef tsenned ɣer uẓru Tettaḍsa tettru Mmi-s deg uɛebbuḍ tesla-as



Ilul uqcic aneggaru Ɣer ṭṭlam d uɣurru « Dayen » i s-tsemma yemma-s Dayen ɣer labaṭel aberkan Ɣerr terẓeg n wussan Yeɣli-d fell-asen uɣummu Dayen ɣef yidles n yimawlan D tmeslayt yeẓẓan Agdud yeffuden ad isew Dayen tbeggen-d iẓuran Tarwa yewwten Ass n usunded d umcečču

TAZRAWT


Aselmed n Tmaziɣt di Tizi Uzzu : anda yessaweḍ, ass-a !

Sadaq BENDALI

eg wass n 12 yebrir 2011, Agraw Aɣerfan n Twilayt n Tizi Uzzu yessuddes-d yiwen « wass asnetlan », ameskar tettunefk-as tinnubga yekka di

temlilit i d-yewwin ɣef « tilawt d yiglan n uḥric n usegmi di twilayt n Tizi Uzzu » i yellan dɣa d azwel n warrat i d-yettunefken akk i yinebgawen. Fell-as dɣa i yezzi umeslay d uskasi n wid yekkan di temlilit si tama, d yimḍebbren n tmehla n usegmi ɣef uqerru-nsen, anemhal-is i d-yerran ɣef yisestan i as-yettunefken.

Si tama-nneɣ negmer-d akk umlan d taddadanin yerzan aselmed n tutlayt tamaziɣt di Tizi Uzzu. Nezmer ad d-nini belli tuget i d-yusan deg warrat n unemhal n usegmi d tidet yella, maca, nessekfel-d deg unnar belli yella cwiṭ n ucuffu n yizwilen.

Deg umedya, mi nesteqsa aṭas n yiselmaden nufa d akken llan yiɣerbazen imenzayen di kra n tuddar, ur ten-yiwiḍ ara uselmed n Tmaziɣt ar ass-a, xas akken yura-d deg warrat belli akk iɣerbazen yesɛan aswir n useggas a4an sɛan tutlayt-a neɣ tanga-a. Amagrad-a nefka-t-id d asefk s tutlayt-nneɣ i watmaten d tyessetmatin i iran ad sɛun tamuɣli anda iwḍen lecɣal n Tmaziɣt di Twilayt n Tizi Uzzu i yuẓan ahat ɣer sdat ugar ɣef twilayin nniḍen n Leqbayel di taɣult-a.

D



Asuddes asnegman Asegmi aswejdan d uselmed amenzay : 653 yiɣerbazen Taggayin tisnegmanin d yinelmaden :

Aswir Taggayt Aɣrud n yinelmaden

Aswejdan 730 13371 Amezgu 30 Aseggas a1u 755 13752 Aseggas a2an 810 16767 Aseggas a3an 790 15017 Aseggas a4an 819 16114 Aseggas a5an 684 14695 Aɣrud 4618 89716

Askater asnegman

Imeḍqan urẓimen

Inemhalen (ur nesselmad) 604 Inemhalen (yesselmaden) 49

Taɛrabt 4004

Tafransist 772 Aswejdan 730 Tamaziɣt 263 Amezgu 30 Aɣrud 6452



Aselmed alemmas : 170 yiɣerbazen ilemmasen Taggayin tisnegmanin d yinelmaden :

Aswir Sgs a1u

Sgs a2an

Sgs a3an

Sgs a4an

Aɣrud

Taggayt 780 632 663 470 2545

Aɣrud n yinelmaden

24147 20408 21321 14790 80666

Askater asnegman :

Tangiwin Imeḍqan urẓimen

Tusnakt 712 Tussniwin tigamanin 485 Tussniwin tifiziyin 439 Taɛrabt 866 Tussniwin n tmetti 410 Tafransist 685 Taneglizit 424 Unuɣ 84 Aẓawan 28 Asegmi aɣaran d waddal 277 Tamaziɣt 326 Tasenselkimt (tafizit) 33 Tasenselkimt (tussniwin) 29 Aɣrud 4798



Aselmed asnawan 56 tesnawiyin : Agectum asdukklan (aseggas a1u asnawan) :

Tisekliwin Tussniwin d ttiknulujit

Inelmaden

492 8903 13830

144 264 408

Tasemlilt :

Taggayin tisnegmanin Inelmaden Iselmaden

Aselmed amenzay

4618 89716 5799

Aselmed alemmas

2545 80666 4798

Aselmed asnawan

1308 37786 2650

Aɣrud 8471 208168 13247

Tutlayt tamaziɣt

Deg uselmed amenzay : Yeḍra-d usmatu n uselmed n tutlayt tamaziɣt, deg useggas akuẓan n uselmed amenzay deg useggas aɣurbiz 2010/2011, di yal iɣerbazen imenzayen.

Deg uselmed alemmas : Amḍan n yiɣerbazen ilemmasen i terza tutlayt tamaziɣt, yewweḍ 137 deg useggas aɣurbiz 2010/2011. A-t-an ad yili usmatu n uselmed-is, di yal iswiren n uselmed alemmas, deg useggas aɣurbiz 2014/2015.



Deg uselmed asnawan : I wakken ad yili usmatu n useɣri n tutlayt tamaziɣt i tduli n yal tisnawiyin n ugezdu, di tallit tamezwarut, s urẓam ma drus, n yiwen umḍiq di yal tasnawit akken ad yaweḍ umḍan n yimeḍqan urẓimen 58; ma deg useggas aɣurbiz 2009/2010, amḍan n yimeḍqan urẓimen yewweḍ 36. Taddadant n useɣri n tutlayt tamaziɣt deg uselmed amenzay :

Aswir Taggayin tisnegmanin

Inelmaden Imeḍqan urẓimen : iselmaden

Iɣsuren iɣurbizen

Aseggas a4an

819 16114 263

Yal iɣerbazen ideg yella uswir n useggas a4an

Aseggas a5an

643 13347

Aɣrud 1462 29461

Taddadant n useɣri n tutlayt tamaziɣt deg uselmed alemmas :


inelmaden Imeḍqan urẓimen: iselmaden

Iɣsuren iɣurbizen

Aseggas a1u

661 20852 326

137

Aseggas a2an

494 16008

Aseggas a3an

498 16126

Aseggas a4an

264 8238

Aɣrud 1917 61224



Taddadant n useɣri n tutlayt tamaziɣt deg uselmed asnawan :


Inelmaden Imeḍqan urẓimen: iselmaden

Iɣsuren iɣurbizen

Aseggas a1u

133 4251 58

Yal tisnawiyin

Aseggas a2an

82 2469

Aseggas a3an

97 2558

Aɣrud 312 9378 Amhaz n umḍan n yimeḍqan urẓimen i uselmed n Tmaziɣt :

Aseggas

aɣurbiz

2007 2008

2008 2009

2009 2010

2010 2011

Aselmed amenzay

Taggayin 818 936 1361 1462 Imeḍqan 138 156 225 263

Aselmed alemmas


Aselmed asnawan


Amḍan Taggayin 2139 2793 3383 3691 Imeḍqan 405 467 560 647



Aɣrud n yimeḍqan urẓimen :

Imeḍqan urẓimen

Taggayin tisnegmanin

Inelmaden

Aselmed amenzay

263 1503 30809

Aselmed alemmas

326 2545 80666

Aselmed asnawan

58 1308 37786

Aɣrud 647 5356 149261 Aserwes ger wayen terza Tmaziɣt : Aselmed amenzay :

Aswir Aseggas a4an

Aseggas a5an

Aɣrud

Taggayin terza Tmaziɣt 819 684 1503 Inelmaden terza Tmaziɣt

16114 14695 30809

Taggayin ilemmden Tamaziɣt

819 643 1462

Inelmaden ilemmden Tamaziɣt

16114 13347 29461

Afmiḍi n taggayin 100 94 97,27 Afmiḍi n yinelmaden 100 90,82 95,62



Aselmed alemmas :

Aswir Sgs a1u

Sgs a2an

Sgs a3an

Sgs a4an Aɣrud

Taggayin terza Tmaziɣt

780 632 663 470 2545

Inelmaden terza Tmaziɣt

24417 20408 21321 14790 80666


661 494 498 264 1917


20852 16008 16126 8238 61224

Afmiḍi n taggayin

84,74 78,16 75,11 56,17 75,32

Afmiḍi n yinelmaden

86,35 78,43 75,63 55,68 75,89

Aselmed asnawan :

Aswir Sgs a1u

Sgs a2an

Sgs A3an

Aɣrud

Taggayin terza Tmaziɣt 408 456 444 1308 Inelmaden terza Tmaziɣt

13830 12428 11528 37786


133 82 97 312


4251 2469 2558 9278

Afmiḍi n taggayin 32,59 17,98 21,84 23,85 Afmiḍi n yinelmaden 30,73 19,86 22,18 24,55



Tasemlilt :

Aswir Aselmed amenzay

Aselmed alemmas

Aselmed asnawan

Aɣrud

Taggayin terza Tmaziɣt

1503 2545 1308 5356

Inelmaden terza Tmaziɣt

30809 80666 37786 149261


1462 1917 312 3691


29461 61224 9278 99963

Afmiḍi n taggayin

97,27 75,32 23,85 68,91

Afmiḍi n yinelmaden

95,62 75,89 24,55 66,97

Imḍanen n yiselmaden : Aserwes a- Deg uselmed amenzay :

Tangiwin Iselmaden Afmiḍi Taɛrabt 4764 82,15 Tafrast 772 13,13 Tamaziɣt 263 4,53

Aɣrud 5799 -----



b- Deg uselmed alemmas :

Tangiwin Iselmaden Afmiḍi Taɛrabt 866 18,04

Tusnakt 712 14,83

Tafransist 685 14,27 Tussniwin tigamanin

485 10,10

Tussniwin tifiziyin 439 9,14 Taneglizit 424 8,83 Tussniwin n tmetti 410 8,54 Tamaziɣt 326 6,79 Addal 277 5,77 Unuɣ 84 1,75

Tasenselkimt 62 1,29

Aẓawan 27 0,56 Aɣrud 4798 ----

c- Deg uselmed asnawan :

Tangiwin Iselmaden Afmiḍi Tangiwin nniḍen

2594 97,89

Tamaziɣt 56 2,11 Aɣrud 2650 ------



d- Di yal iswiren :

Tangiwin

Iselmaden Imaswaḍen Amḍan n yiselmaden i yiwen umaswaḍ

Amḍan Afmiḍi Amḍan Afmiḍi

Tangiwin nniḍen

12602 95,13 111 96,52 113,53

Tamaziɣt 645 4,87 4 3,48 161,25 Aɣrud 13247 ----- 115 ---- 115,19 Tigrayin i d-yufraren 1- Xas Tamaziɣt d tutlayt tayemmant n unelmad, ur as-tettunefkay ara tegnit akken ad tt-iɣer, alamma yessaweḍ mraw(10) yiseggasen di tudert-is. Di tazwara, ma yekcem deg uselmed aswejdan, ad yebdu anelmud s tutlayt tayemmant n wiyeḍ ad yernu krad yiseggasen seg umezwaru alamma d akradan s tutlayt taɛrabt; Syin akkin ilaq-as ad yelmed aseggas tutlayt tajenṭaḍt (Tafransist). Deg useggas akuẓan ahat ad yesɛu aselmad neɣ taselmadt ara as-yeslemden tutlayt n Mulud At Mɛemmer d Masensen. 2- Xas zrin mraw d sḍis yiseggasen ɣef usekcem n Tmaziɣt deg uɣerbaz azzayri, ad naf amecwar ɣezzif d aduddec di twilayt n Tizi Uzzu, ideg ttzuxxun yimḍebbren n tmehl n usegmi belli ufraren ɣef temnaḍin nniḍen di taɣult. Izwilen ttmeslayen-d iman-nsen:

a- Deg uɣerbaz amenzay, llan 60 255 yinelmaden si 89 716 ur qqaren ara tutlayt-nsen; llant 3 156 tneɣra si 4618 ur tkeccem ara ɣur-sent tutlayt tamaziɣt.



b- Deg uɣerbaz alemmas, llan 19 442 yinelmaden si 80 666 ur lemmden ara tutlayt n yimarawen d lejdud-nsen; llant 628 tneɣra si 2 545, aselmed n Tmaziɣt iba, deg-sent.

c- Di tesnawit, llan 28 508 yinelmaden si 37 786 ur asen-sɣaren ara tameslayt s wayes i ten-zuznent tyemmatin-nsen; llant 996 si 1308 taggayin ur tent-tewwiḍ ara tanga-a, ar ass-a.

d- Deg ugzul, ad naf 108 205 yinelmaden si 208 168 ttraǧun melmi ara d-yaweḍ wass i deg ara sɛun aselmad ara asen-yesnekden timsirin d tmussniwin di tutlayt-nsen; llant 4 780 tneɣra si 8 471 ulac deg-sent aseɣri n tutlayt tamaziɣt. 3- Ar ass-a, aṭas n yiɣsuren iɣurbizen, ur ten-yewwiḍ ara uselmed n tutlayt-a, d ayen yeǧǧan:

a- Deg uɣerbaz alemmas neɣ di tesnawit, ttemlilen yinelmaden yal wa ansi d-yekka, wa yeɣra Tamaziɣt wa ur tt-yeɣri ara. Wa yesɛa deg-s aswir wayeḍ ala.

b- Llan yinelmaden i yeɣran tutlayt-a deg uɣerbaz amenzay; mi wwḍen ɣer uɣerbaz alemmas ur tt-qqaren ara.

c- Llan wid i tt-yeɣran deg uɣerbaz amenzay d uɣerbaz alemmas, mi wwḍen ɣer tesnawit ur tt-qqaren ara.

d- Llan wid i tt-yeɣran deg uɣerbaz amenzay, deg uɣerbaz alemmas ur tt-ɣrin ara, mi wwḍen ɣer tesnawit ad uɣalen ad tt-ɣren.

e- Llan wid i tt-yeɣran anagar deg uɣerbaz amenzay. f- Llan wid i tt-yeɣran anagar deg uɣerbaz alemmas. g- Llan wid i tt-yeɣran anagar di tesnawit. h- Nezmer ad naf daɣen wid ur tt-neɣri la deg uɣerbaz

amenzay, la deg uɣerbaz alemmas la di tesnawit: wissen kan ma ad tt-ɣren di tesdawit neɣ ala. Uguren deg usnas ɣef unnar Imi nessen taɣult n uselmed n Tmaziɣt, uguren ur xussen ara, mačči yiwen mačči sin i yellan, ad d-nebder kra seg-sen:



1- Iwfusen iɣurbizen sran i usetrer d uɛiwed n tmuɣli, deg wayen yerzan igburen, isental, tarrayt n uselmed, talɣa d taẓayt d unagraw n tira… 2- Di temkarḍiyin n yiɣerbazen, idlisen yerzan Tamaziɣt xussen s waṭas. S wayes ara siwḍen yinelmaden ad gen isenfaren n unadi-nsen s wayes ara snernin timussniwin d uswir-nsen adelsan!? 3- Aṭas n yiselmaden, ttunefkayen-asen 3 neɣ ugar n yiɣerbazen yemgugen (yemsebɛaden), yerna zgan-d di temnaḍin iweɛren n yidurar. 4- Aktazal d win ineqsen deg uɣerbaz amenzay, segmi ar ass-a, tanga ulac-itt deg ukayad n taggara n uselmed amenzay “aseggas a5an” (tella Taɛrabt, Tafransist d tussnakt - Tamaziɣt ulac). 5- Llan kra n yimḍebbren (inemhalen) i yessebɣasen imarawen akken ad kksen arraw-nsen seg unelmud n Tmaziɣt. Ula d kra n yimawlan ttaken azuɣer i wid i yettnadin ad asen-kksen tamagit-nsen (tḍerru-asen am win ara yewten taqabact deg uqerru-s). 6- Xas akken ddeqs i d-yettawin agerdas asdawan s wayes zemren ad uɣalen d iselmaden, drus n yimeḍqan n umahil i ileddin, yal aseggas,. 7- Di yal iswiren, akud i qqaren yinelmaden d 3 timar i yimalas ma d amuskir yettɣimi kan d 2. Kra n yisumar n umeskar 1- Iduba izuyaz yessefk ad fken azal ameqqran i usuffeɣ n yiwfusen iɣurbizen d yidlisen d wallalen n uselmed.



2- Asebɣer n temkarḍiyin tiɣurbizin s yidlisen d wallalen itraren iɣer ara temmɣen yinelmaden yal tikkelt mi ara bɣun ad ɣren neɣ ad nadin di kra n usentel. 3- Tikci n wazal i tanga-a am tiyeḍ d tikci n wazal i uselmad n tanga-a am wiyeḍ. 4- Ur ilaq ara ad ttunefken ugar n sin yiɣerbazen imenzayen i uselmad n tutlayt-a. 5- Ur ilaq ara ad yettunefk i uselmad ugar n yiwen uɣerbaz alemmas neɣ n tesnawit deg yiswiren nniḍen. 6- Mi tekcem Tmaziɣt deg walbaɛḍ n uɣsur aɣurbiz, yal anelmad yellan deg-s ad tt-iɣer, ulac win ara t-icawren ma yebɣa-tt neɣ ala. 7- Yessefk ad tili, seg useggas aɣurbiz 2010/2011 deg ukayad n taggara n uḥric amenzay “aseggas a5an”. 8- Asmatu n uselmed n tutlayt tamaziɣt deg yiɣerbazen n tmurt n Leqbayel deg useggas aɣurbiz 2011/2012, di yal aɣerbaz d yal taneɣrit. 9- Alday n yigezda n tutlayt d tɣerma tamaziɣt i usileɣ n yisdawanen di Tmaziɣt, di tesdawiyin n Tbatent, Bumerdas, Lezzayer, Blida, Clef, Tlemsan, Wehran, Sḍif... 10- Ad yernu ad d-yeḍfer usmatu n uselmed-is, di temnaḍin anda ttutlayen Tamaziɣt: Awras, Taɣerdayt, Cenwa, Aheggar, Timnaḍin n Yicelḥiyen… 11- Asnerni n umḍan n timar n uselmed - Ur tettɣimi ara kan akka s 3 timar. Amek ara yegzu umdan, deg umedya: anelmad n useggas a5an amenzay yeqqar deg yimalas, 8 timar 15’ n Taɛrabt d 4 timar 30’ n Tefransist maca 3 timar kan n Tmaziɣt. Anelmad n useggas



a4an alemmas yeqqar 5 timar n Taɛrabt d 5 timar n Tefransist maca 3 timar kan n Tmaziɣt. 12- Awanek n tmurt-nneɣ, yessefk-as ad yessewjed tagnit deg wakud awezzlan akken ad bdun yigerdan imecṭaḥ ad tt-qqaren seg unekcum-nsen amezwaru ɣer uɣerbaz, imi d tutlayt tayemmant. 13- Asnerni n umuskir n tanga abeṣda di tneɣra n yikayaden d tneɣṛa tiseklanin di tesnawit. Yessefk ad tesɛu azal deg yiseqquma n uwelleh d uzray am tangiwin tiseklanin yecban:Taɛrabt, Tafransist… 14- Si tura, Tamaziɣt yellan d tutlayt tulmidt tezmer ad tuɣal d tutlayt n uselmed, ayɣer ala!? Acu n wugur ara yilin ma uɣalen inelmaden lemmden: unuɣ, addal, tasenselkimt d uẓawan s tutlayt tamaziɣt!? Sya ɣer sdat ad tewjed d allal n uselmed n tangiwin nniḍen, am umezruy, tarakalt… 15- Nebɣa ad yekfu usertet n usemres n Tmaziɣt si yal tama, imawlan n tidet d imussnawen. Ttwaliɣ belli ur d-yeqqim ara wawal amek ad tt-naru. Teddez tebrez ɣur-sen d useqqamu unnig n timmuzɣa d yiselmaden n yiɣerbazen d tesdawiyin ama n Tizi Uzzu neɣ n Bgayet d tid n Uruba. Yeqqim-d kan win i yebɣan ad aɣ-imel amek ad tt-naru, ad as-nini ad aɣ-d-imel amek i tt-yettaru netta ma yettaru-tt. 16- Tamaziɣt, teḥwaǧ tasertit igerrzen i uselmed-is, teḥwaǧ ad tili ger yifassen n yimussnawen n tidet d wul. Tamaziɣt teḥwaǧ wid ad tt-yesnernin mačči wid ara tesnerni, teḥwaǧ wid ara tt-yesseččen mačči wid ara tt-yeččen. Tiɣri Imi, di taggara-a, yettili-d uskasi ɣef usewjed n usenfel n tmendawt, imi, taɣerma tamaziɣt d yidles amaziɣ d ayla n akk Izzayriyen, ur yezmir yiwen ad yenker iẓuran n tmurt-is annect yebɣu yeqqim



wakud; yečča-yi wul-iw, ad d-geɣ tiɣri: Ad yaru umagrad di tmendawt n Tegduda Tazzayrit Tagdudant Taɣerfant “Tutlayt tamaziɣt d tutlayt taɣelnawt tunsibt ɣef yidis n tutlayt taɛrabt”. Tiɣri-a, aql-i ttazneɣ-tt i kra n Uzzayri yukzen iman-is d azzayri war ṭṭiq deg wul, yettzuxxun s tizzayrit-is d tummidt, anda yebɣu yili. S kra n win ilan kra n tmasit, n tezmert d udabu s wayes yezmer ad d-yall akken ad tuɣal targit n yimelyunen n Yimaziɣen Izzayriyen d tilawt, nessutur-as ad d-yeg afus n tallelt. Ur nettaǧǧa-ara tagnit-a, ad tezri kan. Melmi ara d-tuɣal tayeḍ !? GM : Sgs d tasegzilt n yisem « aseggas » ; A1u , a2an, a3an, a4an d tsisegzilin n yigelman isuslanen: amezwaru, asinan (wis 2), akradan (wis 3), akuẓan (wis 4)… Ẓer “Awfus amaynut n tutlayt tamaziɣt” 90 ar 100 n umeskar Sadaq BENDALI –HCA 2007.


Tamsalt n tmagit deg wungal yettwarun s teqbaylit

Nabila SADI

mezruy n wungal yettwarun s teqbaylit yuɣ aẓar deg yiseggasen n 1940 mi akken yura Belaid At Ali aḍris-ines Lwali n udrar, i d-ssuffɣen yimrabḍen

irumiyen deg useggas 1964 (amaru yewweḍ leɛfu n Rebbi uqbel ma ad d-yeffeɣ uḍris-a), deg udlis i wumi fkan isem Les cahiers de Belaid ou la Kabylie d’antan. Ɣur Salhi Mohand Akli akked Amar Ameziane, d wa i d ungal amezwaru yettwarun s teqbaylit imi aḍris-agi yewwi-d limarat n wungal1. Ɛeddan acḥal d aseggas seg wasmi i d-yeffeɣ Lwali n udrar, annar n wungal yettwarun s teqbaylit yeqqim d asuki armi d aseggas 1981 ideg d-yessuffeɣ Rachid Alliche ungal-ines amezwaru, Asfel. Aḍris-agi, ḍefren-t sin wungalen nniḍen i d-yeffɣen deg yiseggasen n 1980. Amezwaru d Said Sadi i t-yuran, isemma-as Askuti. Yeffeɣ-d deg tazwara d iḥricen deg tesɣunt Tafsut. Ma d wis sin, d Faffa. D Rachid Alliche

1 Walit ɣef wannect-a SALHI Mohand Akli, « La nouvelle littérature kabyle et ses rapports à l’oralité traditionnelle », Actes du colloque international : la littérature amazighe : oralité et écriture, spécificités et perspectives, KICH Aziz (dir.), 2004, pp.103-121 akked AMEZIANE Amar, « Les formes traditionnelles dans le roman kabyle ou l’oralité au service de l’écriture », KICH Aziz (dir.), Actes du colloque international: la littérature amazighe : oralité et écriture, spécificités et perspectives, pp.223-237.

A



i t-yuran daɣen. Deg yiseggasen n 1990, d azrar n wungalen i d-yeffɣen, mačči d yiwen i d-yewwin ɣef temsalt n tmagit1. Ma yella ṭṭuqten wungalen i d-yewwin ɣef tmagit wissen amek i d-yettban usentel-agi deg yal aḍris ? Dahbia Abrous mi terra lwelha-s ɣer tlata wungalen : Asfel, Faffa akked Askuti, tger tamawt ɣer ṭṭaqa n wawalen imaynuten i smersen yimyura deg yiḍrisen-a akken ad sefḍen yal awal n taɛrabt. Ɣas ulamma tamsalt-agi n tmagit tban-d akken iwata seg tama n tutlayt akked usentel meɛna ur teqqin ara ɣur-sen kan. Ɣef waya i ilaq ad nesseɣzef tamuɣli, ad nezzi ɣer yiswiren nniḍen n tedyizt n tneqqist2 akken ad neɛqel anida i d-tettban tmagit-a3. Annect-a temmeslay-d fell-as yakan Dahbia Abrous mi texdem tasleḍt i kra n yiferdisen n tedyizt deg kra n

1 Tamagit : identité. 2 Tadyizt n tneqqist : poétique du récit. 3 Imi ungalen-agi cerken-d yiwet tallit akked tedyanin yuɣen tamurt n leqbayel, Dahbia Abrous teɛreḍ ad teqqen gar-asen. Ɣas ulamMa ayen akken yeḍran deg tmurt n leqbayel yesɛa afus deg tlalit n wungal, nettat, tettwali belli tilawt tugar aya. Ungal yettwarun s teqbaylit ur d-ilul ara seg wulac. Mi akken i d-ffɣen wungalen imezwura, tasekla taqbaylit tella tettidir imir-nin yiwet n tallit ideg d-tezger tiqenṭert yettawin gar timawit akked tira. Deg uzrug-agi3, seg tsekla timawit ɣer tsekla yettwarun, yuɣ lḥal ddeqs n yiḍrisen i d-ibanen. Amezwaru, d adlis n Boulifa (La méthode de langue kabyle), i d-yeffɣen deg useggas 1913. Wis sin, yeɛna iḍrisen i yura Belaid At Ali ama d timucuha, ama d tullisin, ama d ungal (mi akken i d-ffɣen yiḍrisen-a, ur d-banen ara leṣnaf-agi akken iwata). Deg yiseggasen n 1970, tebda tettifrir-d tmedyazt yettwarun, lulent-d tceqqufin n umezgun ssya u ssya, gar-asent yeḍḥa-d wungal yettwarun s teqbaylit. ABROUS Dahbia, La production romanesque kabyle : une expérience de passage à l’écrit, Université de Provence, DEA, CHAKER Salem (dir.), 1989. 5 Dahbia Abrous twala belli yemxallaf wamek i d-yettban usentel n tmagit seg uḍris ɣer wayeḍ : deg wungal Asfel, tacbaylit i iruḥen d iceqfan tettwehhi ɣer tutlayt tamaziɣt yebḍan d tantaliyin. Deg Faffa, asaḍ (héros) n teḥkayt yenɣa iman-is imi ur yessaweḍ ad d-yaf tifrat i wuguren-nni i d-yemmuger deg unadi ɣef tnettit-is. Tafekka taleqqaqt n tyemmat deg wungal Iḍ d wass tuɣal d azamul n wassaɣ yellan gar tmagit n zik akked tmagit n tura. ABROUS Dahbia, « La littérature kabyle », Encyclopédie berbère, CHAKER Salem (dir.), Aix en Provence Edisud, XXVI, 2004, p. 4071.



wungalen1. Rray-agi yefka-t-id daɣen, Salhi Mohand Akli mi d-yemmeslay ɣef tesleḍt n yiferdisen n tedyizt (am yismawen n yiwudam akked wadeg) i izemren ad aɣ-ssiwḍen ɣer usentel n tmagit. Nedda deg wawal-nsen imi tasleḍt-nneɣ ad tebnu ɣef timita n umsawal, n uwadem akked wadeg ara ɣ-yeldin tiwwura ɣer usentel n tmagit. Lebɣi-nneɣ, ad nesdukel talɣa akked ugbur, ur ten-ɛezzel ara. Aɣbel yella deg tarrayt ara neḍfer akken ad negzu amek i d-tettban tmagit seg tama n talɣa akked ugbur. Tlaq-aɣ tarrayt imeqten daymi i nesdukel taḍrizmult2 akked tesnamdant3 deg tesleḍt-nneɣ. 1- Tasleḍt n tmagit s ttawil n teḍrizmult akked tesnamdant Taḍrizmult treṣṣa ɣef tesleḍt n talɣiwin n unamek4. Yis-s ara nqabel aḥric-nni n tesleḍt yeɛnan talɣa. Ma yella d tasnamdant, ad tili d allal s wayes ara nessefrek anamek n tmiḍrant n tmagit. Tagi, ad tettuneḥsab d asɣel5 amatu. Lmeɛna-s, ilaq ad nezwir qbel seg kra n yiferdisen n talɣa, ad ten-nesleḍ, ad ten-nessemnenni, ad ten-ncudd wa ɣer wa akken ad nessiweḍ ɣer usɣel n tmagit. Lmeɛna-s daɣen, tasleḍt-agi teqqen ɣer tlisa n uḍris, tzerreb-it ɣef wayen yellan deg tilawt. Ɣef waya i neṭṭef timita6 n uwadem, n umsawal akked wadeg amzun akken ferqent gar talɣa akked ugbur, gar tedyizt akked usentel n tmagit. Ma yella d aḍris i d-nefren i tesleḍt, d ungal

1 SALHI Mohand Akli, « Quelques effets de la situation sociolinguistique algérienne sur la littérature kabyle », Berber in contact : linguistic and sociolinguistic perspectives, Berber Studies, Vermondo Brugnatelli et Mena Lafkioui (dir.), 2008, p.171. 2 Taḍrizmult : sémiotique. 3 Tasnamdant : anthropologie. 4 Talɣiwin n unamek : formes du sens. Ɣef teḍrizmult, walit : Groupe d’Entrevernes, Analyse sémiotique des textes, Paris, Puf, 1979, p.8. 5 Asɣel : signe. 6 Timita : modalités.



Tafrara i yura Salem Zenia1. Yeffeɣ-d tikkelt tamezwarut deg useggas 1995, i tikkelt tis snat, deg useggas 2010. Taḥkayt n Tafrara d taḥkayt n Yidir yellan d asaḍ-is. Yidir d anubi. Yettidir deg taddart n Ugwni. Tudert-is ur temmeẓli ɣef tudert n warrac n taddart-is armi d ass ideg s-d-yessenɛet Meqqran yiwet tferka, ttwajerḍen deg-s yisekkilen n tfinaɣ. Yidir teṭṭef-it yiwet leḥrara ɣef tnettit-is i yemlal ass-nni i tikkelt tamezwarut. Tekcem-it tawla n tmagit akked umennuɣ ɣef yizerfan n umdan seg yimir-nni. Iger iman-is deg yal tadyant, deg yal tameskant yeḍran deg Tizi Uzzu. Zeglen-t yimsulta tikkelt, maca tis snat-nni, yeɣli Yidir deg ucangal-nsen. Wwin-ten akken d tirekfin ɣer lḥebs n Berwagiyya. Dinna, Yidir yečča yir tiɣrit meɛna yemneɛ. Amennuɣ n Yidir yewwi-d udem nniḍen. Seg wasmi yemlal Ɛelǧiyya i yeggul ḥala tinna ara yaɣ. Imawlan-is bbaqwen, axaṭer Ɛelǧiyya d taǧǧalt yerna tugar Yidir deg leɛmer. Annect-a yeffeɣ i wansayen akked wazalen n tmetti-s. Meɛna Yidir ur iḥezzeb i tigi. Ira ad yili d ilelli, ad yefren tin i as-yehwan daymi i yeṭṭef deg nnmara. Ɣas ulamma deg tazwara ur bɣin ara, Lwennas akked Jeǧǧiga (imawlan n Yidir ) rxan i lebɣi n mmi-tsen. Mi yella Yidir deg Bab Zzewwar (yella yettkemmil almud-is aɛlayan deg tesdawit), iger iman-is akken ad yefru gar snat trebbuyaɛ, yekker gar-asent umceččew. Taggara, yufa-d iman-is i tikkelt nniḍen ɣur yimsulta. Din, qeḍɛen-as tudert, sersen deg-s tiɣrit armi yessuffeɣ tarwiḥt deg tafrara. Ass-nni, teččur-as. Maca, imeslayen-nni i d-yesseggra (mi d-yenna agdud d amaziɣ i yella, ulac aɛraben deg tmurt), tezzin kan deg yixef n Ccaf. Wagi, ulin-t-id kra n yisteqsiyin ɣef tnettit-is i tikkelt tamezwarut. Lmut n Yidir teḍfer-itt-id tlalit n mmi-s i t-id-ixelfen deg yisem. Ilul-d Yidir deg tafrara. Yegla-d s usirem i yimawlan-is akked umennuɣ ɣef tmagit s umata.

1 Salem Zenia yura diɣen ungal nniḍen Iɣil d Wefru (L’Harmattan, 2002) akked tlata wammuden n yisefra, Les rêves de Yidir (1993), Tifeswin (2004) et Iṭij aderɣal (2008). Sin-nni imezwura ffɣen-d deg Lpari, ɣer tezrigin L’Harmattan, ma d aneggaru yeffeɣ-d deg Barcelone.



Nefren-d ungal-agi gar wiyaḍ imi d-yewwi ɣef usentel n tmagit, d wagi dɣa ara yilin deg leqdic-nneɣ. Iferdisen n umsawal, n uwadem d wadeg ṭṭuqten deg uḍris-agi yerna amaru yefka azal meqqren i lebni-nsen acku yal aferdis yessenfalay, s wudem neɣ s wayeḍ, tamagit-agi. Daymi Tafrara d aḍris iwatan i tezrawt-nneɣ. 2- Tamiḍrant n tmagit deg Tafrara : Nekk akked Wayeḍ Mi ara d-nemmeslay ɣef tmagit, ilaq ad neḥṣu d acu-tt. Tamiḍrant-agi tefferkekk d inumak. Yeṭṭuqqet usemres-ines, ama deg unnar ussnan neɣ deg tudert n yal ass armi i yuɣal d ugur akken ad negzu anamek-is akken iwata. S umata, tamagit tesɛa sin wudmawen : Nekk1 akked Wayeḍ2. Akken ad yessiweḍ Nekk ad d-yemmeslay ɣef tmagit-is, ilaq ad d-yawi awal ɣef wayen i t-yessemxalfen ɣef Wayeḍ. Akka kan i yezmer ad as-yefk azal mi ara yefreq gar-as d Wayeḍ. Ihi, Nekk akked Wayeḍ, zgan ttemqabalen, zgan ttemberrazen. Ur yezmir ad yili umeslay ɣef Nekk, ma yella Wayeḍ ur ittekki ara. Deg sin yid-sen ssebdaden tamiḍrant n tmagit. Nettat, deg-s sin leṣnaf igejdanen : tamagit tufridt3 akked tmagit tamazdayt4. Mi ara d-yemmeslay umdan ɣef wayen i t-yeɛnan, ɣef wayen i t-yessemgarden ɣef wiyaḍ (isem, leɛmer, uzuf5, rtg.), d tamagit-is tufridt i d-yessawal. Ma yella yerra lwelha-s ɣer umaḍal, ɣer wayen i t-yezdin akked Wayeḍ (azalen, idles, timetti), dinna d tamagit-is tamazdayt ara d-yufraren. Meɛna ur nezmir ara ad nefreq gar-asent, akken kan i ddukulent. Mi ara yili wawal ɣef tmagit, ilaq ad t-id-yeḍfer umeslay ɣef tsuddas-ines6. Yal amdan yetteḥririt akken ad d-iḥelli amḍiq i tmagit-is deg umaḍal ɣer yidisan n tnettiyin nniḍen. Meɛna ilaq ad

1 Nekk : le Moi. 2 Wayeḍ : l’Autre. 3 Tamagit tufridt : identité individuelle. 4 Tamagit tamazdayt : identité collective. 5 Uzuf : sexe. 6 Tasuddest : stratégie.



yesɛu s wacu ara tent-iqabel akken ad yizmir ad tt-iḥeṭṭem. Yezmer ad d-yawi awal ɣef tutlayt-is, nettat d aḥric agejdan n tmagit. Yezmer ad yesnedwalay tamagit-is s ubdar neɣ s ucebbeḥ n wadeg ideg yettidir. Am wakken i yezmer ad yesfenṭeẓ s kra n yiferdisen ara d-yefren seg yidles-ines neɣ seg tmetti-s. Tamagit tezga tekcem di tindar n tsuddas-a. Ladɣa iseggasen-agi ineggura mi akka yeṭṭuqet wawal fell-as. D acu kan, ɣas ulamma leṣnaf igejdanen n tmagit d wid i d-nebder tura maca llan wiyaḍ (qqnen ɣer wuzuf, ɣer tmetti, ɣer yidles, rtg.). Deg leqdic-nneɣ, ur nettil ara tamagit deg yiwen wudem kan. Neldi-as tiwwura akken ad d-nessifrir merra inumak i d-teggar deg uḍris ara nesleḍ. Akken i d-nenna yakan, ameslay ɣef tmagit igellu-d s umeslay ɣef Nekk akked Wayeḍ. Deg Tafrara, tamagit n Nekk tetteddud-d deg umeslay mi ara yili wawal ɣef Uzwaw yelhan d Umaziɣ. Nutni ur llin ara d iwudam deg uḍris meɛna qqnen ɣer yini n umsawal i d-yettaken, yal tikkelt, taktiwin fell-asen, akken ad nẓer d acu-ten. Tamgit n Uzwaw, deg Tafrara, teqqen ɣer yidles. Azwaw yelhan d anifi. Yeckunṭeḍ deg yijufar n wansayen akked wazalen n tmetti-s. Ma yella d Amaziɣ, ɣas akken yeṭṭef deg yidles n Uzwaw meɛna imal ɣer wazalen atraren. Amaziɣ yettgalla s tutlayt-is, yettnaɣ ɣef Tmazɣa, yerra tilelli d llsas amezwaru i tmagit-is. Mi ara nuɣal, tura, ɣer Wayeḍ deg Tafrara, ameslay ad yili ɣef tmagit n yir Azwaw akked Uɛrab. Wagi iban-d, deg uḍris-agi, amzun akken yebɣa ad yerr tilisa i tmagit n Uzwaw akked Umaziɣ, neɣ ahat ad tt-yemḥu maḍi. Ma yella d yir Azwaw, zegren-t yir iɣiren am tismin akked usuref ur yessin. Meɛna, uqbel kulci, yir Azwaw d win yezzin s uɛrur i wazalen n tmagit n Uzwaw yelhan. Iswi-nneɣ, tura, ad neɛreḍ ad nwali amek i d-ttuɣalen sin wudmawen-agi n tmagit (Nekk akked Wayeḍ ) seg tama n umsawal, n wadeg, d uwadem. Ad nwali annect-a deg tesleḍt-agi ara nexdem tura.



3- Timita n uḍris akked temsalt n tmagit Amsawal1 yezga yeqqar-d tamuɣli-s ɣef teḥkayt i d-yessawal. Akken ara d-yawi awal ɣef yiwudam2, ɣef wadeg3, ara d-yemmeslay ɣef usentel agejdan n uḍris (md : tamagit). Ma yella d awadem, azal-is deg usenfali n tmagit meqqer, mačči d izli. Ulac taḥkayt ur nesɛi ara iwudam. Yerna, ulac awadem yellan deg uḍris weḥd-s kan imi yezga yeqqen ɣer yiwudam ukud i yecrek tameddurt. Maca, zemren ad mxallafen deg tmuɣli-nsen, deg wazalen-nsen, ayen i d-yeslalayen ameckukel gar-asen, ɣef tmagit-nsen. Yal wa amek i yettwali tanettit-is, yal wa yettaɛraḍ ad as-d-iḥelli amḍiq deg ubdil n tayeḍ. Ɣef waya, tasleḍt n uwadem tezmer ad aɣ-d-teldi tiwwura ɣer ugbur n tmagit. Meɛna, ulac awadem ur ncudd ara, deg uḍris, ɣer wadeg ideg yettidir. Assaɣ i ten-yezdin d imezgi. Aglam n wadeg, lɣerḍ-is mačči kan d asnerni n ccbaḥa akked tfulka n uḍris. Ismawen n yimeḍqan, aglam-nsen, assaɣen-nsen akked yiwudam, ttwehhin ɣer temsalt n tmagit. Timita-agi, ma yella nesdukel-itent, zemrent ad sbeddent asɣel n tmagit. Ar deqqal ad d-nuɣal ɣur-sent yiwet, yiwet. 3.1- Amsawal akked tmagit Amsawal, d isem-is i d awal-is. D netta i d-yessawalen taḥkayt meɛna yemgarad ɣef umaru yellan deg tilawt. Deg Tafrara, amsawal icemmer-d i wayen akk yellan deg tekayt. Yegza yal tameqqrant, yal tamecṭuḥt yeḍran d yiwudam. Tikwal, yeggar-d iman-is, yettban-d deg uḍris s wudem usrid ladɣa deg usemres n yimataren udmawanen (-ɣ) n wudem amezwaru n wasuf, akked (n-) n wudem amezwaru n usget. Neɣ, deg umeqqim ilelli nekni i yesduklen amsawal akked umsiwal4. Deg tazwara, deg sin yid-sen cerken-d yiwet n tnettit. Meɛna, tanettit-a tettuḍerref, tger-iten deg yiwet

1 Amsawal : narrateur. 2 Awadem : personnage. 3 Adeg : espace. 4 Amsiwal : narrataire.



liḥala rqiqen. Ssebba-s, d tatut n umezruy akked usfaḍ n ccfayat. Amsawal yettaɛraḍ, yal tikkelt, ad yesduqqes amsiwal, ad as-d-yeldi allen. Imi ccfayat ɛerqent, amsawal akked umsiwal uɣalen ur ttemyeɛqalen. Tatut n umezruy tegla-d s tatut n tnettit i d-yeslalen iɣisan gar-asen : Tiyita nečča, imi ur nemyussan ; tella tewwurt deg-s ur teldi deg-nneɣ acku, win ur nessin dɣa amezruy-is ad teḍru yid-s am uderɣal yesferfuden i yiɣawsiwen ur yeẓri d acu-t, yeggar ijiqdan ur iwala anida ttrusun. (sb.164) Amsawal yezmer ad t-neɛqel daɣen mi ara d-yeggar iwenniten1. Di tuget, ttilin mi ara d-yettmeslay ɣef Uzwaw neɣ ɣef Umaziɣ. Yal tikkelt ifesser-d umsawal isalan yeɛnan yal yiwen seg-sen. Yal tikkelt yeggar-d inmak2 ara yeqqen ɣer wa neɣ ɣer wayeḍ. Azwaw, deg Tafrara, ireṣṣa ɣef kra yeɛnan azalen akked wansayen n tmetti am nnif, lḥerma akked tirrugza. Meɛna ur yeslik ara seg tselqab akked uqejjem n umsawal. Acku, Azwaw zegrent-t yir ṭṭbayeɛ, yugi ad asent-yebru : am usurref ur yessin, am tismin yezgan zedɣent-t, rtg. Inaw-agi uzɣin3, iswi-s d asnefsusi n leqyud i ikeblen Azwaw, i t-yeǧǧan ur yettaẓ, ur imehhez : Nekni s yizwawen tilin llant [tismin] maca, deg yir idis. Anda ara rwint, ara jeggḥent, ara nɣent kan i tent-nessen. Ddaw-sent i ɣlin yirgazen. Wi llan d ddani, ur yessuruf i win yettalin d asawen. Ad yewwet ad t-id-yessader s aswir-is ? Akka i d nutni, bu yiɣil yawi-tt. (sb.74) Ɣer yidis n Uzwaw, yella Umaziɣ. Netta, yessebded-as umsawal ccan. Tanettit n Umaziɣ treṣṣa ɣef wazalen atraren : Amaziɣ ur

1 Awennit : commentaire. 2 Anmek : sème. 3 Uzɣin : critique.



yekkat tameṭṭut, yeḥrez tutlayt-is, d ilelli d mmi-s n tmazɣa, rtg. Maca, Azwaw akked Umaziɣ ur yeqqers ara umrar gar-asen. Amaziɣ icudd ula d netta ɣer yidles n Uzwaw (md : Imaziɣen ḥemmlen acewwiq, imaziɣen rran tanekra d ansay). Deg Tafrara, Azwaw temyeḥwas tudert-is, teǧǧa abrid i Umaziɣ ad iɛeddi. Akken ad yessenfali umsawal abeddel-agi yuɣen deg tmagit n Uzwaw, yefka-d amedya n kra n wansayen yulsen udem ɣef teɣzi n leqrun. (md : ansay n unẓar) : Wama zik, deg ubdil n uɣenja, ttawin tamawaṭ. Ad s-kksen iceṭṭiḍen, ad tt-ǧǧen akken i tt-id-turew yemma-s ; ad tt-awin ɣef tuyat, ad tt-ssalint tlawin ɣer tizi ad sucfent zdat medden, d tinefkit i unẓar, rebbi n waman akked ugeffur. Yal aseggas ttalsen-tt. Si zik n zik, asuter-nsen ɣer rebbi d usrid. At Ugwni, ḥemmlen ansay n unẓar. (sb.57) Tikwal, amsawal yettmeslay-d ɣef wansayen yeɛnan Azwaw akked Umaziɣ amzun akken d tamsirt i yettheggi i umsiwal ɣef tnettit-is yettudergen, tin i temḥeq tatut. Dɣa deg yini1 n umsawal, iwudam ideg tuɣ twekka n tatut, fkan lweɛd i ubluhmet. Uɣalen zun d lmal neɣ d lewḥuc ur necbi imdanen. Dda Ḥemmu, icuba-t umsawal ɣer yibellireǧ : Anda yufa kra n uɣerrus, Dda Ḥemmu, yeglu-d yis-s am ibellireǧ wissen ahat ad t-yaf kra n wass (p.82). Assaɣ yellan gar Akli d Lḥaǧ Arezqi am win n uselluf gar yiḍarren n ufunas (p.93). Mi akken wwin Yidir akked yimeddukal-is ɣer lḥebs n Berwagiyya, amsawal yenna-d belli : Ass-nni amezwaru n unekcum smedrarin-ten am wulli (p.118). Tikwal, iwudam ttuɣalen d tiɣawsiwin, d isufar, tettwakkes fell-asen ula d tanettit-nni talsant2, mi d-yenna umsawal : Isli d taɣawsa ara d-sseknen akken tislit d taɣawsa ara d-fernen (p.73), mi akken yella yettmeslay ɣef wansayen n Yizwawen. Neɣ mi d-yerna : Imdanen teddun am tmacinin (p.63), mi akken d-

1 Ini : énoncé. 2 Talsant : humaine.



yemmeslay ɣef ugdud i wumi tettwakkes tlelli. Lḥaṣun, ama icuba-t umsawal ɣer uɣersiw neɣ ɣer tɣawsa, d awadem i d ssebba n liḥala-nni ideg yella imi yettu amezruy-is : Seg uzermezruy, armi d leqrun-a ineggura, agdud ur yesserked iman-is di twennaḍt ; ur yeqqim di temnaḍt-is. Maca, imi ur yettaru amezruy-is, di tallit-a tatrart, yaf-d iman-is gar tlisa. Slid ayen ssnen deg-s yimaggaren. Wama netta ur yessin azeɣṭiṭ ɣef yiman-is. Agdud ur nessin amezruy-is duleqrar ad yenz am wakli, ur yettissin tilelli. Ɣas yecfa-d i umezruy, amezruy ur yecfi fell-as. Agdud ur nessin amezruy-is duleqrar ad yenz am wakli. (sb.94) Ma yella d imeḍqan akked yimukan (adeg), d nutni i yeṭṭfen ccfayat akked umezruy n yiwudam. Adeg yuɣal iceffu, yettmeslay, yettḥarab, yekseb yal ṣṣifa i as-yettwakksen i uwadem deg Tafrara. Nutni ur nḥezzeb i tnettit-nsen, ǧǧan amḍiq-nsen i wadeg, netta i izemren i taluft : Idurar yuɣalen d iberkanen si lḥif yekkan fell-asen, si tɛekmin refden, ddren, yal imenɣi, quzmen yal times. (sb.10) Amsawal n Tafrara ur yecbi wiyaḍ. Iḥekku-d, yessegzay, yerna yeggar iman-is deg teḥkayt ssya ɣer da. Ini-s merra iwehha ɣer tmagit, ama mi yella yettmeslay i umsiwal, neɣ mi d-yewwi awal ɣef Uzwaw akked Umaziɣ. Lḥaṣun, yal aferdis icudd ɣer wayeḍ, yal yiwen yessenfalay tamagit. 3.2- Awadem akked tmagit Awadem d aḥric agejdan n uferriɣ1. Akken i teṭṭuqqet tsiwelt deg Tafrara i ṭṭuqqten yiwudam. Tasleḍt-nsen ad tebḍu ɣef sin yimecwaren : deg tazwara, d tasleḍt n yiman2 ara yilin. Lwelha-nneɣ

1 Aferriɣ : fiction. 2 Iman : être.



ad tuɣal ɣer yismawen n yiwudam, ɣer uglam n tfekka-nsen, n ṭṭbayeɛ-nsen. Ssyin ɣer-s, ad d-nuɣal ɣer yiggan1 yeqqnen ɣer tiggawin akked twuriwin n yal awadem deg uḍris. Seg tama n yiman, isem d isali amezwaru i yeɛnan awadem. D netta i t-yessemgarden ɣef wiyaḍ imi yal awadem s yisem-is. Maca, amaru ur yefki ara ismawen-agi i yiwudam s tuqqna n wallen. Yal wa s wazal-is deg uḍris. Tuget n yismawen i d-yettuɣalen deg Tafrara, kkan-d seg tutlayt n tmaziɣt (md : Yidir, Jeǧǧiga, Akli ). Ma d wiyaḍ (md : Lwennas, Ḥemmu ), llan deg yismawen iqdimen n tmurt n Leqbayel2. Amaru mi yessexdem ismawen-agi yuɣen aẓar deg tmaziɣt, iswi-s d ccan ara yeg i tutlayt n tmaziɣt akked tmagit tamaziɣt. Maca, ɣer tama n yiwudam yesɛan isem, llan wiyaḍ d udrigen3, war ismawen. Wigi, ḥseb, rnan ɣer yiwudam ur nelli d Izwawen, ur nelli d Imaziɣen. D Iɛraben. Γef waya, ismawen n yiwudam deg Tafrara ferqen d taggayin : iwudam yesɛan ismawen ttekkan ɣer taggayt n Nekk (Izwawen, Imaziɣen ), ma d wid ur nesɛi ara rnan ɣer taggayt n Wayeḍ (Iɛraben ). Seg tama, wid yettekkan ɣer taggayt tamezwarut tettunefk-asen tnettit, ma d wiyad, teɛdem. Ma yella nuɣal tura ɣer uglam n tfekka n yiwudam, ad tt-naf tebna ɣef uzamul. Iwudam, deg uglam n lermaḥ-nsen, n lqedd-nsen, n ṣṣifa-nsen, kesben ccbaḥa akked thuski. Lwennas yettmeslay-d, deg uḍris, ɣef ccbaḥa n tmeṭṭut-is Jeǧǧiga. Ɣas akken d tamɣart meɛna temlel n wudem-is tettɣummu tewser-is. Nna Megduda, allen-is d tileqqaqin am tid n tlemẓit. Ma yella d Ɛelǧiyya, amsawal yefka azal meqqren i uglam n tfekka-ines : Ɛelǧiyya, d lal n ɛecrin d aseggas, akken teqfel tmenṭac i tt-tefka yemma-s, nnig lebɣi-s. D isem-is i d awal-is, d taɛelǧet. Taksumt-is d tamellalt am uyefki. Ulac win i tt-yeẓran ur tt-yexḍib. (sb.34)

1 Iggan : faire. 2 Walit, NAIT ZERRAD Kamel, L’officiel des prénoms berbères, Paris, l’Harmattan, 2003. 3 Udrig : anonyme.



Iwudam-a, yefka-asen umsawal tugna ara yesnernin deg ccan-nsen. Meɛna, llan wiyaḍ (md : Akli ), yeccmet-iten umsawal. Yefka-asen udem ara yeǧǧen ameɣri ad ten-yekreh : Iteddu-d s yiwet n zzedwa am uḥerbebbu. Netta dɣa d awezlan, d aberkan n teglimt, yesseqdeḥ yiṭij, d ayen i d ssber. Asmi ilul semman-as Akli, akken ur yettmettat s tiṭ. Amzun d bu twenza n wureɣ. (sb.90) Maca llan kra n yiwudam nniḍen, ur yefki ara umsawal azal i uglam-nsen. Wigi d Iɛraben-nni ur yesɛin ara yakan ismawen deg tazwara (amedya n yiwudam : Afɣul, imirqiq ). Iwudam yesɛan lermaḥ yelhan, ula d ṭṭbiɛa-nsen kifkif. Am Ɛelǧiyya, Yidir neɣ Jeǧǧiga i ikesben tahuski yerna sɛan ṭṭbiɛa. Ma d wiyaḍ, d yir nutni. Am Wakli ur nesɛi ṣṣifa yerna yettḥawal tiwuɣa (yella yezga yettnaɣ d Yidir mi meẓẓi, yerna yessuffuɣ lbaḍna n taddart mi meqqer). Aglam n tfekka akked ṭṭbiɛa, deg Tafrara, akken kan i ttemseḍfaren. Akli, d ṣṣifa n yimedɣal yettarran kan ɣer wul, uzant tismin. Lemmer d tazmert-is, ur yelli uxxam ara d-yegren awwu deg Ugwni, ur yelli win ara igerrzen. D aqerraḍ, d bu nnmayem, d alemmam, yettnawal ḥala di ṭṭnun. At Ugwni, merra ssinifen-as, am win yessinifen i uydi. (sb.91) Imeslayen n yiwudam, deg uḍris-agi d lemri n tneffut1-nsen. D nutni i izeṭṭen assaɣ gar yiwudam. Ɛelǧiyya tḥemmel Yidir imi ur yesṭuqqut ara awal. Netta iḥemmel Dda Ḥemmu ɣef tmucuha-nni i s-d-iḥekku. Imeslayen zemren daɣen ad ferqen gar yiwudam. Am Yidir i iɣuccen Akli akked Lḥaǧ Arezqi imi zgan ssufuɣen lbaḍna n taddart. Tawuri n yiwudam mi ara ttmeslayen tikwal tugar tigawt.

1 Taneffut : âme.



Yidir yezga yettmeslay ɣef umennuɣ-is ɣef tmagit, d tinna i d ssebba n lmut-is dɣa. Amzun akken mi i t-nɣan, d tamagit-nni i bɣan ad neṭlen. Deg Tafrara, d imeslayen i yessawalen i tmagit, ṭṭfen amkan n tigawt. Iman n yiwudam akked yiggan-nsen, ɛedlen. D annect-a ara nwali, tura. Tuget n tiggawin d-yeḍran deg Tafrara, bab-nsent d Yidir. Seg tama, yettnaɣ akken ad yeg amḍiq i tnettit-is deg tmurt-is, seg tama nniḍen yetteḥririt akken ad yaɣ Ɛelǧiyya. Tigawin-a merra, nezmer ad tent-nessemlil deg sin yizenziɣen n yimesgan1 : amezwaru yebna ɣef umennuɣ n tmagit, ma d wis sin, ɣef Ɛelǧiyya. Ama deg uzenziɣ amezwaru ama deg wis sin, d Yidir i d amgay2. Taɣawsa ara yeɛreḍ ad d-iḥelli, deg tazwara, d tamagit-is. Iswi-ines, ad yessiweḍ ad yesduqqes merra imdanen ɣef tmagit-nsen. Win i as-yellan d amsifaḍ, d Meqqran i as-yefkan taferka-nni ideg yella ugemmay n tfinaɣ. Acku, d taferka-agi ara yesduqqsen Yidir deg tazwara : Imuqel, iwala ijerriḍen d uɛwiǧen, wa yekcem deg wa. Idis d tifinaɣ, idis nniḍen d azal-nsent s tefransist. Yeccarrew uksum-is, amzun d tinna iḥemmel i iwala zdat-s, tɣab gar wallen-is d leqrun, mačči d izli. (sb.30-31) Ar deqqal, d Yidir ara yuɣalen d amsifaḍ n yiman-is, imi s lebɣi-s i yekcem deg umennuɣ ɣef tmagit. Gar yimallalen3, yella Dda Ḥemmu, iteddu, yettweṣṣi deg Yidir amzun d mmi-s. Yella Lwennas akked Jeǧǧiga, nutni, ɣas ulamma nnuɣen mmi-tsen acḥal d abrid ɣef tlufa ideg iger iman-is. Maca, deg taggara, gzan d acu i t-yewwin ɣer din. Yella diɣen Uzwaw. Seg wasmi mlalen deg Berwagiyya, Azwaw yella di lmendad n Yidir. Imnamaren4 ṭṭuqqten. Yella Lḥaǧ Arezqi, netta ur d-yecqi seg umennuɣ n

1 Azenziɣ n yimesgan : schéma actantiel. 2 Amgay : Sujet. 3 Amallal : adjuvant. 4 Amnamar : opposant.



yilemẓiyen yecban Yidir. Yesmeɛriq kan zdat yimawlan n Yidir. Yella daɣen Ufɣul, Imirqiq akked Ccaf i yesseččen tiɣrit qerriḥen i Yidir armi yessuffeɣ azwu aneggaru. Iswi n Yidir d asduqqes n kra n win yeṭṭsen ɣef tmagit-is bḥal Ccaf. D netta dɣa i d anermas1. Yidir yessaweḍ ɣer lebɣi-s mi akken d-ulin yesteqsiyen s aqerru n Ccaf, mi yebda yettnadi ad iẓer d acu-t. Tigawin-a, ad tent-nessemlil deg uzenziɣ-agi :

Amsifaḍ Amgay Anermas Meqqran Yidir Ccaf Yidir

Amallal Taɣawsa Amnamar Lwennas Tamagi Lḥaǧ Arezqi Jeǧǧiga Afɣul Azwaw Imirqiq Dda Ḥemmu Ccaf

Deg uzenziɣ wis sin yeɛnan Ɛelǧiyya, d Yidir i d amgay, d Yidir i d amsifaḍ. Taɣawsa ara yeɛreḍ ad d-iḥelli d Ɛelǧiyya, d nettat i yebɣa d zzwaǧ-is. Imawlan-is llan deg tazwara d imnamaren-is, acku ugin ad ɛemmden i wannect-a. Di taggara, uɣalen d imallalen n Yidir, mi ruḥen ad as-d-xeḍben Ɛelǧiyya ɣur Nna Megduda. Imnamaren, d At Ugwni merra. Wid yettwalin s yir tamuɣli zzwaǧ-agi i iḍerrfen i wansayen n tmetti akked yidles-nsen. Ccil n waya, Yidir ad yaweḍ iswi-s, ad yaɣ Ɛelǧiyya. Akken ara t-id-nbeggen deg uzenziɣ-a :

1 Anermas : destinataire.



Amsifaḍ Amgay Anermas Yidir Yidir Yidir Ɛelǧiyya

Amallal Taɣawsa Amnamar Lwennas Ɛelǧiyya Lḥaǧ Arezqi Jeǧǧiga Lwennas Jeǧǧiga

Izenziɣen i d-nebder yakan, deg sin yid-sen ttwehhin ɣer temsalt n tmagit. Amezwaru, tufrar-d deg-s tmagit tamazdayt deg umennuɣ n Yidir ɣef tnettit-is tamaziɣt. Deg uzenziɣ wis sin, mi yeḥraret Yidir akken ad yaɣ Ɛelǧiyya, deg tilawt, d lebɣi i yebɣa ad yefsi kra n lqid yeskerfen tilelli n umdan deg tmetti. D tamagit-is tufridt i d-ibanen deg uzenziɣ wis sin. Ma yella nesdukel iman akked yiggan, ad aɣ-d-banen yinawen1 n yiwudam. Ɣef waya, iwudam yesɛan ismawen, yettwagelmen ama deg tfekka-nsen, ama deg ṭṭbiɛa-nsen s wudem yelhan, wid yegren iman-nsen deg umennuɣ ɣef tmagit neɣ llan d imallalen i Yidir, ssebdaden inaw n Uzwaw yelhan akked Umaziɣ. Ma d wid yettwagelmen s yir udem, neɣ wid ur nesɛi ismawen, ur nesɛi udmawen, yerna llan d imnamaren n Yidir, ssebdaden inaw n yir Azwaw neɣ n Uɛrab. Iwudam, deg Tafrara, ttwehhin ɣer sin wudmawen n tmagit: Nekk (yesduklen Azwaw yelhan akked Umaziɣ ), akked Wayeḍ (yesduklen yir Azwaw akked Uɛrab ). S waya, iferdisen yeɛnan awadem qqnen wa ɣer wayeḍ, yerna ssenfalayen merra anamek n tmagit. 3.3- Adeg d tmagit Iwudam deg uferriɣ qqnen ɣer wadeg. Azal-is, deg uḍris, am win n uwadem, neɣ ahat ugar. Ismawen n yimeḍqan deg Tafrara ttwehhin ɣer temsalt n tmagit. Yal tikkelt mi ara d-tettwabder Tmurt n Yizwawen akked Tmazɣa zun d tamagit n Uzwaw neɣ n Umaziɣ i

1 Anaw : type.



d-yettwabedren. Imeḍqan-agi cebḥen, nnecraḥen, fsan, teǧǧuǧǧeg deg-sen tmeddurt yerna yeṭṭuqqet uglam-nsen, deg uḍris : Akken yeḥma uzal, yuli s adrar. Dinna i yesgunfuy mi yerfa neɣ yeɛya. Akken kan ara yekcem di tasmuḍi n umadaɣ, tafekka-s ad tifsus. Ccna n yegḍaḍ yessefsuy-it. Ad iteddu ad itekkes, da d taseṭṭa, da d tajeǧǧigt ara yeǧǧ ddaw tanzarin-is alamma sellawet. Yebded ɣer yiwen n useklu d azuran, yeffel nnig wiyaḍ di teɣzi, d tazanet. Yejbed-d lmus, yenjer fell-as isekkilen n tfinaɣ, yura fell-as isem-is. Ad t-yeǧǧ d izen i wid ara d-yawin abrid-nni deffir-s, ad t-id-afen. (sb.33-34) Meɛna, simmal ttaẓen yiwudam ɣer Tmanaɣt, ɣer Bab-Zzewwar, neɣ ɣer Berwagiyya, simmal yettxaṣṣa uglam-nsen. Neɣ ma yella, ad naf adeg-nni ur yecbiḥ ara : Tifirellas n yillel tezzint ɣef yiɣerruba, ma yella kra ara d-leqḍent. Zzhir mačči d izli. I tikkelt tamezwarut i iwala tamanaɣt. Qqaren-as tecbeḥ, netta ur iwala ccbaḥa-s. Ur tt-yessin. Almi i t-id-sukken Berwagiyya, i rsent wallen-is fell-as : Da tura i ixeddem baba ! Tif-itt tmurt. Da ula d azwu ur yelli, ɣas yella azgen deg-s d awwu. I yeqqar weḥd-s, weḥd-s. (sb.139) Assaɣ yezdin awadem akked wadeg d imezgi. Iwudam qqnen ɣer Tmurt am llufan yeṭṭfen deg yijufar n yemma-s. Iwudam (am Yidir, Lwennas ) tettifsus tnefsit-nsen mi ara yilin deg Ugwni, yettnecraḥ lxaṭer-nsen deg Tmadaɣt (tamurt n Yizwawen ). Akken kan ara awḍen ɣer Tmanaɣt neɣ ɣer Bab-Zzewwar, ttemlellin, ttxiqin, tettneqlab fell-asen ddunit. Yal mi ara yebɛed uwadem ɣef tmurt-is, ɣef yimeḍqan i as-d-yesmektayen tamagit-is, ttaɛraqen-as yiberdan, gellun s tnettit-is.



Yal amḍiq s twuri-ines, yal adeg d acu n tigawt i d-yeslalay. Llan wid yettaken abrid i umennuɣ akken ad yeǧǧuǧǧeg (am Tesdawit akked Tizi Uzzu ). Lan yimeḍqan nniḍen, lemden deg-sen yiwudam tamagit-nsen (amedya n tejmaɛt akked lexla i yilemẓiyen akked tala i tlawin) : Yal ameẓyan, yessefk ad yissin meqqar kra di tmeddurt-is tazfit. Ayen i sen-yettwagedlen deg uxxam, ur t-qqaren deg uɣerbaz, lemmden-t di lexla neɣ di tmedwa. Ɣas ad ttwakellxen tikkelt neɣ snat. Mi yemmed uqcic, tamrawt n yiseggasen, amur ameqqran yessen-it deg iggan n tayri. (sb.26) Llan wiyaḍ slalayen-d tudert deg wulawen n yiwudam (md : Agwni, Tamadaɣt ) am wakken llan wid yeẓẓmen yal tamagit yekseb uwadem (Berwagiyya ). Adeg, deg Tafrara, yeslalay-d iḥulfan n lqerḥ neɣ n lferḥ deg wulawen n yal awadem : Akka alamma tuɣal akk Lezzayer d lḥebs ameqqran. Ula d nnig lkanun ad aɣ-yuɣal d lḥebs, i yiman-nneɣ, yal wa ad yettawi lḥebs deg wallaɣ-is, yal wa d ameḥbus n yiman-is… (sb.127) Assaɣ-agi yezdin iwudam akked wadeg, yuttuɣal-d gar wadeg akked wakud1. Kra n yimeḍqan, zegren leqrun qqimen akken llan, ssadren tanettit-nsen akked tnettit n yiwudam. Kra nniḍen, beddlen, teɛreq tnettit-nsen tegla s tin n yiwudam : Idurar, uɣalen d iberkanen si lḥif yekkan fell-asen, si tɛekmin refden, ddren yal imenɣi, quzmen yal times. Ɣas akka yekka wannect-a fell-asen, urǧin i ten-teǧǧi temlel akked ccbaḥa. Imi ccbaḥa-nsen d imezdaɣen-nsen.

1 Akud : temps.



Cebḥen imi i d-zegren leqrun ssadren iẓuran, meḍlen-ten ur rkin, ur nnegzan, ur ttwagezmen. (sb.10) Tawuri n wadeg mačči kan d asnerni n ccbaḥa n uḍris. Yal aferdis i t-ibennun, ama d isem-is, ama d aglam-is, yessenfalay tamagit. Tikwal, yettuɣal d bab n tigawt deg ubdil n uwadem. Adeg, deg Tafrara, yuɣal d abraḥ ideg tetturar tmagit. D netta i d-iḥekkun taḥkayt-is, d netta i yessawalen tamagit-is. Tagrayt Timita n umsawal, n uwadem akked wadeg cuddent ta ɣer ta. Yerna qqnent ɣer usɣel n tmagit. Yal yiwet akken i t-id-tessenfalay. Meɛna, mi ara tent-nessemlil, yettban-d usentel n tmagit yeddukel. Amzun akken yiwet ur tezmir ad tebḍu ɣef tayeḍ maɣef ad yerreẓ unamek-is. Tasleḍt-agi, tbeggen-d belli tamagit ur telli ara kan d agbur i nezmer ad nefreq ɣef talɣa. Asentel n tmagit ur yeɛzil ara ɣef tedyizt n tneqqist, imessel-itt akken i as-yehwa. Seg tama-nsent, timita n umsawal, n uwadem akked wadeg mi ara dduklent, bennunt asɣel n tmagit. Maca zemren ad ilin yiferdisen nniḍen ideg d-yettban usentel-agi. Awufan ad nuɣal ɣer yal yiwen seg-sen, ɣer yal ungal d-yewwin ɣef tmagit, amar ad d-ufrarent kra n tmezga. Tigi, seg tama-nsent, ad aɣ-d-ldint tiwwura ɣer talɣa n uḍris akked unamek i d-slalayent. Yerna, ad ilint d allal i usbadu n wungal yettwarun s teqbaylit.

TUKKIST


Arranku

Paulo COELHO

L’Alchimiste Tasuqelt : Inelmaden n tmaziɣt - Tizi Wezzu

Tukkist seg ungal : Arranku

Aḥric wis 6

ikwal, ttemlilint-d teɣlamin di tmeddit n wass. Tettili dima deg-sent tin yeḥwaǧen kra ɣur tayeḍ. Ayagi merra d yiwen n ufus i t-yuran. Inehharen,

ttembeddalen isallen gar-asen ɣef tbuciḍanin n rrmel, ttɛezziren akken, ḥekkun-d tidyanin i d-iḍerrun deg uneẓruf. Tikwal, ttawḍen-d ula d kra n yirgazen d udrigen, teffren udmawen-nsen s ccac, semman-asen ibidwanen, ttɛassan iberdan i ttaɣent teɣlamin, d nitni i sent-d-yettawin isallen ɣef yimakaren akked wayen iḍerrun di tudrin n tamiwin-nni. Ttruḥun-d s lxeffa, ttuɣalen s lxeffa, ttlusun ijellaben iberkanen, rennun ccac ɣef wudmawen-nsen, anagar allen-nsen i d-yettbanen. Yiwet n tmeddit, anehhar-nni iruḥ ɣer yilemẓi akked uglizi yeqqim ɣur-sen ; yenna-asen : - Yuzzel wawal belli, yella ṭṭrad gar yiderma ɣer zdat. S wakka teɣli-d tsusmi gar-asen. Ilemẓi, iwala teɣli-d tuggdi, yerna ulac win i d-yemmeslayen. I tikkelt nniḍen d tutlayt-nni tadrugit i yessexdem, tin i wumi i qqaren; tutlayt n ddunit. Ciṭuḥ akka, yesteqsa-t uglizi ma yella umihi.

T



Yerra-as-d unehhar : - Win ara igren deg uneẓruf, ulac tuɣalin ɣer deffir. Ma yella ulac tuɣalin, yif-it meqqar ad neɣṣeb tikli-nneɣ ɣer zdat. Ayen nniḍen d ccɣel n Rebbi, ula d amihi. Dɣa ifak-d awal-is s wawal-nni n “lmektub !” Mi akken iruḥ unehhar-nni, yenna yilemẓi i umeddakel-is : - Ilaq-ak ad tessikideḍ tikli n teɣlamin. Ɣas tennḍent aṭas deg ubrid, meɛna, teddunt dima ɣer umkan i bɣant. Aglizi : - Ula d keččini, ilaq-ak ad teqqareḍ aṭas idlisen, ula d nutni am teɣlamin. Azrar-nni ameqqran n yimdanen akked lmal, yuɣal iɣeṣṣeb tikli-s. Tasusmi tuɣal mačči anagar deg wass kan i d-tettrusu. Ula tameddit lawan-nni anda uɣen tannumi tezzin-d i tmes akken ad qeṣṣren, tettrusu-d cwiṭ cwiṭ. Yiwen wass, lqayed n teɣlamt, iɛeggen-asen ur ssiɣin ara times, akken ur d-jebden ara tamuɣli n yimesbaṭliyen deg yiḍ. S wakka, imsiklen uɣalen gganen gar lmal-nsen deg yiḍ akken ur ten-yetteqraḥ ara usemmiḍ. Ma d lqayed, yesbed-d kra n yiɛessasen s yimrigen, akken ad ttezzin merra i umazir. Yiwen yiḍ gar wuḍan, aglizi yugi ad t-id-yas yiḍes, dɣa iruḥ ɣer umeddakel-is. S wakka, rran-tt i tteḥwas gar yidurar n rrmel. Aggur iga d aḥbul. Ilemẓi yeḥka-as-d akk ddunit-is i uglizi. Ma d aglizi, iɛǧeb-it aṭas, mi akken i d-yewweḍ ɣer tallit-nni i yesɛedda di tḥanut n ubellar akked wamek i tt-yessefti. Yenṭeq uglizi yenna-as : - D wagi i d amenzay i yesɛan azal ameqqran. D ayen i wumi qqaren s tutlayt n tarrunka « Iman n ddunit ». Mi ara nebɣu taɣawsa seg wul, nettqerrib s waṭas ɣer yiman n ddunit. Dima, d tazmert i yelhan… Ayagi mačči d ayla n yirgazen kan, meɛna, ayen yellan merra ɣef uqerru n ddunit yesɛa iman, ama d uzzal, ama d leḥcic, ama d iɣersiwen, yettekka ula d amyar… Ayen yellan si ddaw, neɣ si nnig n lqaɛa, yezga yesseɣwal imi lqaɛa d tagmest tamuddirt, yerna tesɛa iman. Nekni d kra seg yiman-ines, tikwal kan i nẓer



belli txeddem i tnureft-nneɣ. Meɛna, ilaq ad teḥsuḍ belli di tḥanut n ubellar, d icmuxen s timmad-nsen i k-iɛawnen akken ad tesmurseḍ. Ilemẓi, yettwarez yiles-is tallit, ma d allen-is cuddent ɣer waggur akked rrmel amellal. Dɣa yuɣal yenna-d : - Walaɣ taɣlamt mi tetteddu deg uneẓruf. Di sin yid-sen ttmeslayen yiwet n tmeslayt, degmi i s-yettaǧǧa abrid ad tɛeddi. Ur itettu ara ula d yiwen si latarat-is, yettbeggin-iten-id merra, akken ad iẓer ma yella msefhamen ; ma akken i yella lḥal, ad taweḍ di talwit ɣer umda. Meɛna, ma yella yiwen gar-aneɣ s tebɣest-is ur yefhim ara tameslay-agi, s wakka ad yemmet si tazwara. Kemlen tamuɣli-nsen ɣer waggur. Yenna-as yilemẓi : - D ssḥur n limarat, walaɣ imniren-nneɣ amek i d-qqaren limarat deg uneẓruf, akked wamek i yettmeslay yiman n teɣlamt akked yiman n uneẓruf. Cwiṭuḥ akka, tuɣal tezzi-d nnuba n uglizi ad yemmeslay : - Ilaq-iyi ad sḥerseɣ tamuɣli-w ɣer teɣlamt. Yerra-as yilemẓi : - Ula d nekkini, ilaq ad qqareɣ idlisen-ik. Idlisen-nni ssewhamen aṭas, ttmeslayen-d ɣef zzawaq, tisent, llwafeɛ akked yigelliden, meɛna, ur yefhim acemma deg-sen. Yerna, tella yiwet n tekti i d-yettuɣalen s waṭas di yal adlis, d tin i d-yeqqaren belli; tiɣawsiwin merra d timesbaniyin n yiwet kan n tɣawsa. Deg yiwen gar yidlisen-agi, yufa belli aḍris i yesɛan azal ameqqran di tarrunka, anagar kra n yijerdan n tira i yesɛa, yerna yettwaru ɣef yiwen n weẓru n limrud. Yenna-as uglizi s lferḥ i umeddakel-is, acku yezmer ad as-yesselmed taɣawsa : - Isem-is tablaḍt n limrud. - Ihi, i wacu annect-agi n yidlisen ? - S yidlisen-agi ara tfehmeḍ ayen i d-yuran di teblaḍt n limrud. Adlis i iɛeǧben s waṭas ilemẓi-nni, d win akken i d-iḥekkun ɣef yarrunka imeqqranen ; wid-nni i yesɛeddan tudert-nsen deg usizdeg n wuzzal daxel n yisnidiyen-nsen. Umnen belli ma yella ssewwen uzzal aṭas n yiseggasen, ad yeǧǧ seg yimerkiden-is. S wakka deg umkan-is ad d-yeqqim anagar yiman n ddunit.



Taɣawsa-agi tasuft, d nettat i yeǧǧan arrunka ad fehmen ayen akk yellan di lqaɛa, imi d nettat i d tutlayt s wacu i ttmeslayent merra tɣawsiwin gar-asent. D tagrut-agi i wumi qqaren tamusni tameqqrant. Tebna ɣef sin n yiḥricen, aḥric d aman, aḥric d aquran. Yenna-as yilemẓi : - Ɛni ur nesteqniɛ ara s tmuɣli ɣer yimdanen akked limarat akken ad naff tameslayt-agi ? - Waqila keččini tɣileḍ sehlen lumur. Tarrunka, mačči d urar. Yewwi-d ad neḍfer merra iberdan i d-nejren yimɣaren imezwura. Ilemzi, yufa belli, aḥric-nni n waman di tmusni tameqqrant, d iẓem n teɣzi n leɛmer. Mačči anagar tujya i yettejji si yal aṭan meɛna daɣen ur yettaǧǧa ara arranku ad yuɣal d amɣar. Ma yella d aḥric-nni aquran, d aẓru-nni i yettarran yal uzzal d ureɣ. Yenna-as uglizi : - Ur yeshil ara akken ad taffeḍ aẓru-agi. Arrunka, sɛeddan aṭas n yiseggasen deg yisnidiyen-nsen ssikiden times mi akken i tessizdig uzzal. Seg wakken i sɣezfen deg usiked n tmes, uɣalen ttun merra uguren n ddunit. S wakka, uɣalen ufan belli, asizdeg n wuzzal, yessazdeg-iten ula d nitni s timmad-nsen. S wakka, yemmekta-d ttaǧer n ubellar asmi i s-yenna : Yelha imi tessazedgeḍ ibellaren-iw. Imi ayagi d ayen i yessazedgen ula d tiktiwin-nsen n diri. S wakka, yuɣal yufa belli, tarrunka nezmer ad tt-nelmed seg wass ɣer wayeḍ n tudert-nneɣ. Ayen i yessewhamen s waṭas deg uẓru-agi, imi, anagar s cwiṭuḥ n uceqquf seg-s, tzemreḍ ad terreḍ aɛemmur n wuzzal d ureɣ. S wayagi lebɣi n yilemẓi-nni simmal yettnerni ɣer tulemda n tarrunka. Iɣil, s cwiṭuḥ n ṣṣber yezmer ad yerr kulci d ureɣ. Yeɣra tameddurt n waṭas n wudmawen am Helvétius, Elie, Fulcanelli akked Geber. Timucuha-agi ttwaɛǧabent mačči d kra; wigi akk ssawḍen ad idiren tamacahut n wul-nsen. Ssikilen, ttemlilin-d akked yimusnawen, xeddmen timkerriwin zdat wallen n wid ur yettamnen ara, kesben iẓem n teɣzi n leɛmer d uẓru i yettarran uzzal d ureɣ. Maca, mi akken i yebɣa ula d netta ad yelmed amek ara yessiweḍ ɣer tmusni tameqqrant, yufa-d iman-is di berra n unnar, iberdan ɛerqen-as. Anagar unuɣen, taknutin tangaliyin akked yiḍrisen ur



nettwafham ara i d-yettmagar. Yiwet akken n tmeddit yesteqsa aglizi yenna-as : - Acimi i ssexdamen tameslayt ur nettwafham ara ? Ass-nni, mačči d tagnit n yisteqsiyen, acku iwala-t yezɛef imi yufa am wakken ttwakren-as yidlisen. Meɛna yerra-as-d : - Akken ur ifehhem ula d yiwen anagar nitni. Sugen kan lemmer yal amdan ad yizmir ad yerr aldun d ureɣ; ɣurek, kra n tallit ureɣ ad yuɣal ur iseɛɛu ara azal. Ihi, anagar wid i wumi i qquren iqerra-nsen akked yinagmayen i yesɛan timeḥḥint i izemren ad ssiwḍen ɣer tmusni tameqqrant. D ayagi i yi-d-yessawḍen ɣer tlemmast n uneẓruf. S tseddi, ruḥeɣ-d i wakken ad d-mlileɣ akked warranku n tidet, win ara yi-iɛawnen akken ad d-sneṭqeɣ inagalen. - Melmi i ttwarun yidlisen-agi ? - Ddeqs n leqrun aya. Di tallit-nni ulac timacinin n tira. Ur tettunefk ara tegnit i yal yiwen akken ad yelmed tarrunka. Ihi, i wumi tameslayt-agi ur nettwafham ara, akked wudmawen-agi merra ? Ɣas akken ikmer-it, aglizi ur d-yerri ara ɣef usteqsi-agi. Yenna-as belli, ddeqs n wussan aya, netta yella yessikid di teɣlamt, meɛna ur iwala ara deg-s kra n umaynut. Anagar ameslay ɣef ṭṭrad i wumi i la isel. Yiwen n wass, iruḥ yilemẓi yerra-as merra idlisen-is i umeddakel-is. Dɣa yesteqsa-t-id uglizi ɣef kra n tewnafit, yerna yebɣa win ukud ara iqesser akken ad as-tekkes cwiṭuḥ tuggdi n ṭṭrad. Yenna-as : - Ihi, aṭas i tlemdeḍ ? - Lemdeɣ belli ddunit tesɛa iman, yerna win ara tt-ifehmen ad yefhem tameslayt n tɣawsiwin. Lemdeɣ daɣen, aṭas n yarrunka, ddren tamacahut n wul-nsen yerna ssawḍen armi i d-ufan iman n ddunit, aẓru i yettarran yal uzzal d ureɣ akked yiẓem n teɣzi n leɛmer. Meɛna, ufiɣ belli, tiɣawsiwin-agi merra sehlent, degmi i ttwarunt ɣef uẓru n limrud. Aglizi, yesḥassef s waṭas. Imi iseggasen-nni n tezrawt, izumal-nni n ssḥur, awalen-nni i iweɛren i lefhama akked tɣawsiwin n yisnidiyen,



annect-agi merra ur yessewhem ara ilemẓi-nni. Dɣa yenna deg wul-is : Mazal ur ɛad yessaweḍ ad yefhem lecɣal am wigi. S wakka, yeddem idlisen-is yerra-ten ɣer usegres i yellan di tarekt n ulɣem-is. Dɣa yenna-as : - Uɣal ɣer teɣlamt-ik. Ula d nettat ur d-lmideɣ ara seg-s aṭas n tɣawsiwin. Ilemẓi yuɣal ɣer usenqed di tsusmi n uneẓruf, akked uɣebbar i d-skarayen iḍarren n lmal mi akken i leḥḥun. Dɣa yenna deg wul-is : Yal yiwen amek i ilemmed, taɣara-s netta mačči d taɣara-w nekkini. Yal yiwen deg-neɣ yettnadi ɣef tmacahut n wul-is, degmi i t-qudreɣ. Tura tuɣal teɣlamt tleḥḥu iḍ akked wass. Yal taswiɛt ttawḍen-d ɣur-sen yimceyyɛen i yeffren udmawen-nsen s ccac. Anehhar-nni mi yuɣal d ameddakel n yilemẓi, d netta i s-d-yesfehmen belli ṭṭrad gar yiderman d win yebdan. Lḥaṣun ma ssawḍen ɣer umda, d zzher kan i sɛan. Lmal yeɛya, imdanen simmal tettnerni tsusmi-nsen. Abeɛda deg yiḍ, mi ara icexxer ulɣem, ɣas d tannumi kan i tt-yesɛa- tura yuɣal yesseɣlay-d fell-asen tuggdi imi yezmer ad yili d limara n tenṭagt. Ṭṭrad yezmer ad ten-id-yaweḍ, yerna anehhar ur ihegga ara kra n ttawil i taluft-agi. Yenṭeq ɣer yilemẓi-nni mi yella itet takemmict n ttmer i ṭṭlam, ulac tiziri ulac times, yenna-as : - Aql-iyi ddreɣ. Mi akka i lliɣ tetteɣ, ad d-lhuɣ kan d wučči-inu. Mi ara leḥḥuɣ ad d-lhuɣ kan d tikli, d aya. Ma yella yewwi-d lḥal ad nnaɣeɣ, ulac ass i yifen wayeḍ i wakken ad mmteɣ deg-s. Acku ur ttidireɣ ara deg yizri-inu wala deg yimmal-inu. anagar amha i sɛiɣ, d netta kan i yi-iceɣben. Ma tzemreḍ ad teqqimeḍ kan deg umha, ḥṣu belli di lferḥ ara tiliḍ. Ad teẓreḍ belli, aneẓruf yesɛa tudert am akken igenni yesɛa itran, ula d imnayen ttnaɣen acku ṭṭrad icudd ɣer tudert-nsen. S wakka tudert tecba tameɣra, d tafaska tameqqrant, acku ddunit d tallit-nni n tudert-nneɣ, ur telli d ayen nniḍen. Sin n wuḍan mbeɛd, mi akken qrib ad igen, ilemẓi yella yessikid itri-nni i sen-d-yemmalen abrid. Yettban-as-d yegli amzun iqreb-d s



waṭas ɣer lqaɛa, nnig n uneẓruf, igenni yeččur d itran. Yenna-as unehhar : - D amda. - Ihi, acimi ur nettruḥu ara ɣer-s tura ? - Acku, ilaq ad ngen. Yeldi-d allen-is. Iṭij yebda la d-yettali deg yigli. Zdat n wallen-is, anda akken iwala itran iḍ-nni iɛeddan, tban-as-d yiwet n teǧnant n tezdayin n ttmer ur tesɛi ara tilas, teṭṭef aḥric d ameqqran deg uneẓruf. Aglizi ula d netta yuki-d yenna : - A newweḍ-d ! Ilemẓi yeggugem. Yuɣal yelmed tasusmi n uneẓruf, yelha-d d usiked ɣer tezdayin i yellan zdat-s. Mazal-as amecwar ɣezzif akken ad yaweḍ ɣer tzumag. Taṣebḥit-agi, ad d-yas wass anda ara tuɣal d cfawat kan. Ma tura mazal-itt d amha, d tameɣra-nni iɣef d-yemmeslay unehhar n ulɣem-is. Yebɣa ad yidir tallit-agi s tezrawin n yizri-ines, akked tirga n yimmal-ines. Ad d-yaweḍ wass anda tugna-agi n yimelyan n tezdayin ad tuɣal d cfawat kan. Ɣur-s tura, anagar tili, aman akked urazuɣ anda ara ddarin ɣef ṭṭrad i d anamek-nsent. Am wakken acxar n ulɣem yezmer ad yili d azamul n umihi, akken ula d taǧnant n tezdayin tezmer ad tili d tamkerra. S wakka, ilemẓi yenna deg wul-is : Ddunit tesɛa aṭas n tmeslayin. Arranku yettmeslay weḥd-s mi akken iwala aṭas n yimdanen akked lmal wwḍen-d ɣer umda, yenna : - Mi ara tettɣawal tikli n wakud, ula d tiɣlamin ttɣawalent. Imezdaɣ uzzlen-d akken ad qablen inebgawen-nsen, aɣebbar-nni i d-ssekren yesderɣel iṭij. Ma d arrac, ttneggizen si lferḥ mi walan iberraniyen usan-d. Arranku iwala imḍebbren n tudrin ruḥen-d ad mmaggren lqayed n teɣlamt, qqimen la ttemcawaren ddeqs n tallit. Meɛna, deg wayagi merra ulac ayen iceɣben arranku. Acku mačči tikkelt i yeẓra imdanen ttasen-d ttruḥun. Yeḥder i yigelliden akked yigellilen rekḍen iɛemmuren-nni n rrmel i imecceḍ waḍu yal ass mebla ma ibeddel deg-sen kra, d wid-nni i yellan i mazal seg wasmi i yella d ameẓyan. Kkes-d akken ur yeɛriḍ ad yefhem daxel n wul-is, amek iga uḥulfu n yal amsikel mi ara d-tban zdat n wallen-is



tizzegzewt n tezdayin, beɛd tewreɣ-nni n lqaɛa akked tizzegzewt n yigenni ideg d-lḥan, meɛna ur yezmir ara. Dɣa yenna deg wul-is daɣen : Ammer Illu ixleq-d aneẓruf akken ad ferḥen yimdanen mi ara awḍen ɣer tezdayin n umda. Yerra leḥsab-is, yufa belli ilaq-as ad d-yettak tuttriwin i yesɛan tifrat. Yeẓra yakan, di teɣlamt-agi ara d-yeddu yiwen n urgaz i wumi ara yesselmed kra si lesrar n tmusni-s. D limarat i s-d-ibeggnen ayagi. Ur yessin ara amdan-agi. Meɛna, taṭṭucin-is tuḥricin zemrent ad t-ɛeqlen mi ara t-walint. Yessaram ad yili d ufhim ugar n unelmad-is n tikkelt iɛeddan. Yenna daɣen : Ur ẓriɣ ara amek almi lecɣal am wigi ttruḥun seg yimi ɣer umeẓẓuɣ. Sebba, mačči imi d lesrar, Illu ɛlayen yemmal lesrar-is i win i s-yehwan di ddunit. S wakka, anagar yiwet n tsegzit i d-yufa i taluft-agi, timsal am tigi ttuselmadent akkagi acku yezmer lḥal tamusni-agi tebna s tudert yeṣfan yerna anaw-agi n tudert mačči d ayen isehlen fell-aɣ akken ad t-id-nerr d taklut neɣ ad t-id-nessefhem s yimeslayen. Imi imdanen ttbehbin mi ara ttmuqulen tifelwiyin n teklut akked mi ara sellen i yimeslayen dɣa di taggara tettun tameslayt n ddunit.


Leɛzib n yiɣersiwen

Georges ORWELL

La ferme des animaux Tasuqelt : Habib-Allah MANSOURI

Tukkist seg ungal : Leɛzib n yiɣersiwen

Aḥric wis 6

seggas kamel, iɣersiwen ur ḥbisen ara axeddim, xeddmen am waklan. Maca axeddim-nsen yerra-ten d iseɛdiyen, nnecraḥen. Ur ttxemmimen la ɣef

leɛtab neɣ umran, am wakken ur ttxemmimen ma ad fken iman-nsen d asfel melmi ilaq, acku ẓran mliḥ belli merra leɛtab i ttmagaren, deg taggara d nitni, neɣ ma ulac d tarwa-nsen ara yesnefɛen s lɣella n uxeddim-agi, mačči d yiwet n terbaɛt n yimdanen imeɛdazen, ur xedmen acemmek, ttraǧun kan acu ara awin. Am tefsut, am unebdu xeddmen ddurt n seddiset n tmerwin n sswayeɛ. Deg waggur n ɣuct ixebber-iten Napoléon d akken ad rnun axeddim ula timeddiyin n wass n acer. Ulac win i iḥetmen fell-asen zzyada-agi n uxeddim, maca win ur tt-ixeddmen ara ad as-neqsen azgen seg umur-is n wučči. Ɣas akken, aṭas n yirmad i ǧǧan, semḥen deg-sen. Tamegra n useggas-nni txuṣṣ ɣef tin n useggas yezrin, yernu snat n tferkiwin i ilaq ad ẓẓun deg tazwara n unebdu, ǧǧan-tent d asuki, acku ur ssawḍen ara ad kfun tayerza deg lweqt.

A



Tagrest qessiḥen la ten-tettraju. Asenfar n tsirt n waḍu yettmagar-d aṭas n wuguren ur bnin ara fell-asen deg tazwara. Deg leɛzib yella yijdi d usiman s ṭṭaqa, am wakken yella swanda zemren ad kksen yiẓra : ayen yeɛnan allalen wejden yakk, ttuheggan seg zik. Maca iɣersiwen mmugren-d deg tazwara ugur n yiẓra ara rẓen d iḥricen i zemren ad sxedmen deg lebni : amek ara xedmen ? Yessefk fell-asen ad sxedmen tanhizt d tmenɣact. D annect-a i iweɛren mliḥ, acku ur zmiren ad bedden aṭas n lweqt ɣef yiḍarren-nsen n deffir. Sɛeddan aṭas n ledwar n uxeddim mebla lfayda uqbel ma ad yaf yiwen deg-sen tikti iwatan : asemres n uṣaḍuf n taẓẓayt. Iẓra annect ila-ten, meqqrit mliḥ llan deg yiwen n umkan deg leɛzib. Iɣersiwen zzin-asen-d imurar, sinakin lwaḥid, tifunasin, iɛudiwen, akraren, akked win izemren ad yeṭṭef amrar (ula d ilfan ggaren tikwal afus ma walan tagnit teḥreṣ) bdan la ssalayen iẓra-agi s leɛqel armi d taqacuct n tiɣilt. Ssyin, ad asen-serḥen ad grirben, mi ad awḍen ukessar ad uɣalen d iceqfan. Mi ad degdgen iblaḍen-nni, ad yishil uṣaweḍ-nsen. Iɛudiwen ssawaḍen-ten d iɛemmuren, akraren skerkren-ten aẓru aẓru. Edmée taɣaṭ akked Benjamin aɣyul ula d nitni gren iman-nsen deg uxeddim-agi, qqnen iman-nsen deg yiwet n tcarit i ẓẓuɣren weḥd-sen. Mi tewweḍ taggara n unebdu, ssawḍen ad sɛun iẓra i ilaqen akken ad bdun lebni. Ilfan qqimen ɣef yiqerra-nsen, ttdebbiren fell-asen. Acḥal i ẓẓay yernu yewɛer uxeddim-agi. Tikwal asiweḍ n yiwen uẓru ɣer tqacuct n tiɣilt iteṭṭef yiwen n wass s lekmal, yernu ma yeɣli ur yettruẓu ara d iceqfan. Amer ulac Malabar yid-sen, werǧin ad ssiwden yiɣersiwen ad kfun axeddim-nsen. Malabar weḥd-s yettmatal akk yiɣersiwen yellan deg leɛzib. Tikwal ma yecceḍ uẓru deg tkessart ad yeglu s yiɣersiwen i t-skerkren, ad bdun aɛeggeḍ, d netta dima i t-yesebdaden s tfekka-ines. Yal yiwen yettweḥḥid Rebbi mi ad t-iwali inekki, la ileḥḥu tardast tardast, inehhet, idisan-ines imeqqranen teccef-iten tidi, leḥwafer-is ntan deg wakal. Tikwal Douce teqqar-as-d ur ilaq ara ad yeseɛyu iman-is akka, maca netta ulac acu i yebɣa ad isel. Awalen i yettuɣalen dima deg yimi-s : « Ad xedmeɣ kter» akked « Napoléon mačči d win iɣellṭen, snat n tefyar-



agi ɣur-s d tifrat n yakk uguren i yettmagar. Yemsefham d yiwen uyaẓiḍ ameẓyan akken ad t-id-yesker ukkuẓet n tmerwin d semmuset n ddqayeq uqbel deg umkan n uzgen n ssaɛa. Ugar n waya, ma yestufa, maca tura ur yesɛi ula d yiwet n ddqiqa i usgunfu, yettruḥu ad ijmeɛ iẓra i yettawi d iɛemmuren armi d amkan anda bennun tisirt. Ɣas akken yewɛer uxeddim, iɣersiwen ur ten-iḍur ara unebdu. Ayen yeɛnan učči, ɣas akken ur tetten ara xir n tallit n Jones, maca nezmer ad d-nini d akken ur tetten qel. Akken ad kafin iman-nsen mebla ma nsedda dagi ayen yeḥwajen semmus yimdanen, lḥewj n wigi d ayen yessewhamen mliḥ mačči d ayen iweɛren, imi yella lxir. I wakken ad xesren lxir-agi irkelli aṭas n yibriren i ilaq ad magren. Ayen yeɛnan tirrayin, d tarrayt sexdamen iɣersiwen telha ugar, am wakken d nettat i yesenqasen axeddim fell-asen. Amedya, usay xedmen-t akken ilaq, ulac amdan deg ddunit i izemren ad t-yexdem am nitni. Tikurḍa tamecṭuḥt tettwagdel gar yiɣersiwen, ɣef waya ttwaksen yifergan yebḍan gar tkessawin d umkan n tyerza, d wagi i yeǧǧan ad sneqsen axeddim icudden ɣer lemḥadra d uṣeggem n yifergan. Ɣas akken, imi ussan n unebdu zerrin, aṭas n tɣewsiwin bdant ttxuṣunt mebla ma bnan fell-as deg tazwara : zzit, imeṣmaren, ilni, aɣrum itetten yiqjan, tiṣfiḥin n uṣemmar yakk ifuras ur zmiren ara ad xedmen deg leɛzib. Umbaɛd ad ḥwijen daɣen zzerriɛa d leɣbar i ixeddem umdan, mebla ma neḥseb dduzan d tmacinin ilaqen i tsirt. Amek ad d-debren akk aya ? Ulac anwa yeẓran tiririt. Yiwen n wass, ass n acer ṣṣbeḥ, imi nnejmaɛen iɣersiwen akken ad slen i tenbaḍin, yenna-asen Napoléon belli atan yewwi-d yiwet n tsertit tamaynut. Ssya ɣer zdat Leɛzib n Yiɣersiwen ad yesɛu assaɣen imzenziyen d leɛzayeb i sen-d-yezzin, mačči i wakken ad xeddmen tanezzut, wagi d ayen ibanen, maca i wakken ad d-awin kra n yifuras ilaqen. Lebni n tsirt azal-is d ameqqran, ɣef waya, i d-yenna, yessefk fell-aɣ ur nettak ara azal i kra n temsal. Am wakken hatan la yettemcawar akken ad yezzenz aɣaraf n usaɣur akked aḥric seg lɣella n yirden. Sinakin, ma yella ḥwajen idrimen, yessefk fell-



asen ad senzen timellalin (nezmer ad tent-nezzenz deg ssuq n Willingdon). Tiyuzaḍ, i d-yenna Napoléon, ilaq ad ferḥent mliḥ s usfel i d-fkant akken ad bnunt tisirt n waḍu. Yebda unezgum ikeččem iɣersiwen. Ur ilaq ara ad nesɛu assaɣen d yimdanen, ur ilaq ara ad nexdem tanezzut, ur ilaq ara ad nesexdem idrimen mačči d tigi kra seg tenbaḍin iṭṭfen deg ugraw ameqqran iḍefren asnejli n Jones ? Iɣersiwen irkelli cfan d akken mtafaqen ɣef tenbaḍin-agi : neɣ ahat mtafaqen ɣef waya. Ukkuẓ n yilfan imecṭaḥ i ibedden mgal Napoléon asmi i yekkes inejmuɛen, ɛeggḍen ciṭuḥ, maca imiren kan ssusmen mi slan i usgermed n yiqjan. Sinakin, am akken uɣen tanumi, akraren serḥen-as ɣef yiwen ubrid : Ukkuẓ n yiḍarren, ih! Sin n yiḍarren, ala ! imiren kan kulci yuɣal s amkan-is. Deg taggara, yerfed Napoléon aqejjar-is i wakken ad yessuter tasusmi, dɣa yenna-asen belli rray yefra yakan, teddez tebrez, timsal frant ! Iɣersiwen ur heddren ara d yimdanen, wagi d ayen ibanen. Ayen yeɛnan taɛekkemt-agi d netta ara yestkelfen yis-s. Yiwen umdan i wumi ssawalen Mass Whymper, d aḥbib n Willingdon, yeqbel ad yili d anemmazal ger Leɛzib n Yiɣersiwen d umaḍal n berra, yernu yal arim ṣṣbeḥ ad d-yas akken ad d-yawi tinbaḍin. Napoléon yekfa inaw-ines am lɛada s uɛeggeḍ : Ad yidir Leɛzib n Yiɣersiwen ! Imi kfan ccna n A zzaylat n tmurt n Lengliz, yal aɣersiw yuɣal s amkan-is. Sinakin, Brille-Babil yezzi ɣef Leɛzib akken ad iqeṣṣer d yiɣersiwen, ladɣa widak yerfan. Yessefhem-asen belli ayen yeɛnan tagdelt n tnezzut d usexdem n yidrimen werǧin meslayen fell-asen. Tamsalt-agi irkelli d asugen, neɣ d tamayt i d-yufraren seg tkerkas n Tkuret n Udfel. Imi iwala belli ccek yebda ikeččem kra n wallaɣen, Brille-Babil imi d uḥric i yella, yessuter deg-sen : Init-iyi-d ay imeddukal ma mačči d targit i turgam ? Tzemrem ad iyi-teseknem arrat (document), neɣ aḍris yuran deg yiwen seg yizmamen ? Imi ulac arrat yuran, iɣersiwen walan iman-nsen deg leɣlaḍ i llan. Am wakken mtafaqen, Mass Whymper yettruḥu-d yal arim ɣer leɛzib. D amdan d amecṭuḥ deg lqedd, iban yeččur d tirumit, yesɛa ačamar. Maca yeḥrec mliḥ, yeẓra belli Leɛzib n Yiɣersiwen yeḥwaj



anemmazal, d wagi ara s-d-yeglun s rrbeḥ ameqqran. Iɣersiwen ttmuqulen tisin d tuɣalin-ines s tugdi, amer ttafen ur t-id-ttmagaren ara deg ubrid-nsen. Maca mi ad walin Napoléon, yiwen seg ukkuẓ n yiḍarren, yettak tenbaḍin i yiwen seg wat n sin n yiḍarren ttuɣalen-asen-d zzux d nnefxa d ayen ad ten-yeǧǧen ad qeblen s tarrayt-agi tamaynut i yeḍfer leɛzib-nsen. Assaɣ yesɛan d yiri n yimdanen ibeddel ɣef wayen yesɛan deg zzman aqdim. Ula d imdanen ur ḥemmlen ara Leɛzib n Yiɣersiwen, ur bɣin ara ad t-walin yeǧǧuǧeg. Mi ad nuɣal ɣer tidet kerhen-t armi dayen. Yal yiwen deg-sen yumen d akken leɛzib ur yettɛeṭṭil ara ad yaweḍ ɣer leflas, ayen yeɛnan tisirt n waḍu, asenfar-agi werǧin ad iwali tafat. Deg ttbaren, wa isebbgan i wayeḍ, s yizenziɣen deg ufus, belli tisirt-agi ad teɣli, ma ulac irkelli werǧin ad telḥu. Maca ɣas akken, steɛrfen s lxeddma n yiɣersiwen yeṣṣawḍen ad selḥun lumur-nsen s yiman-nsen. Yernu tura ssawalen i Leɛzib n Yiɣersiwen s yisem-ines amaynut, amzun werǧin yella isem-is Leɛzib n Umanwar. Am wakken ǧǧan Mass Jones weḥd-s, ur bedden ara yid-s, yernu wagi segwasmi i s-yettwakkes yakk usirem n tuɣalin ɣer wayla-s, iruḥ ad yidir deg umkan nniḍen. Anagar assaɣ yellan akked Mass Whymper, ulac d acu yezdin gar yiɣersiwen d umaḍal n berra, maca yuzzel yiwen n wawal d akken Napoléon qrib ad yemsefham akked Mass Pilkington n Foxwood neɣ d Mass Frederick n Pinchfield, yal yiwen weḥd-s, mačči deg sin ɣef yiwen n ubrid. Deg wakud-agi, ilfan guǧǧen ɣer uxxam i d-rran d amkan n tnezduɣt-nsen. I tikkelt nniḍen iban-d i yiɣersiwen am wakken msefhamen deg wussan imezwura belli ur ilaq ad zedɣen deg yixxamen am yimdanen, maca i tikkelt nniḍen Brille-Babil yeṣṣaweḍ ad ten-iqenneɛ belli werǧin msehmanen ɣef waya. Iseffhem-asen daɣen belli ilfan, aqerru n leɛzib, yessefk ad sɛun amkan amhenni anda zemren ad xedmen. Am wakken ṭṭariǧa n uɣella (acku deg wussan-agi yezrin tettunefk i Napoléon ṭṭariǧa n uɣella) tessefk ad yidir deg uxxam mačči deg udaynin n yilfan. Kra n yiɣersiwen yeɛreq-asen ccedd n uyeddid imi slan belli ilfan mačči



kan d lmakla i tetten deg tenwalt neɣ tamesrit i rran d tazeqqa n urar, maca wwḍen armi gganen sufella n yimeṭṭerḥen. Am lɛadda, Malabar yefra-tt d yiman-is, Napoléon mačči d win iɣelṭen, maca Douce temekta-d yiwet n tegdelt yeɛnan tamsalt-agi, truḥ srid ɣer umesṭbel, sinakin teɛreḍ ad theǧǧi at n tenbaḍin yuran ɣef lḥiḍ. Teṣṣawaḍ kan ad tegmi isekkilen yiwen yiwen, truḥ ɣer Edmée akken ad tt-id-teseqsi. - Edmée, i d-tenna, ɣer-iyi-d kan Tanbaṭ tis Ukkuẓet. Ur yuri ara belli ur ilaq ara ad neṭṭes ɣef ssrir ? Edmée tegmi-d s lewɛara isekkilen. Deg taggara tenna-d : - La qqaren : Ulac aɣersiw ara yeṭṭsen ɣef lesrir yessan s temleḥfin. D ayen yesewhamen, Douce ur tecfi ara belli meslayen-d ɣef temleḥfin deg Tenbaṭ tis Ukkuẓet, maca imi ɣef lḥiḍ i yura, ulac ccek, d tidet. Imiren kan iɛedda-d syen Brille-Babil akked sin neɣ kraḍ n yiqjan, dɣa yessefhem-asen tamsalt amek i tella deg tilawt : Teslam yakan, ay imeddukal, belli nukni s yilfan neggan tura ɣef yimeṭerḥen yellan deg uxxam ? Ayɣer ala ? Ur iyi-d-qqaret ara belli yella yiwen n uslagan neɣ lqanun i yesegdalen imṭerḥen ? Ssrir neɣ ameṭreḥ, d amkan kan anda i nezmer ad neṭṭes. Init-iyi-d d acu i d alim n udaynin ma mačči d ssrir ? Tagdelt teɛna kan timleḥfin, tigi d tidet d asnulfu n umdan. Maca nukni nekkes timleḥfin ɣef yimṭerḥen, tura la neggan ger tferṣuḍay. Deg yimṭerḥen i nezmer ad neṭṭes mliḥ d aya kan, yerna d ayen i aɣ-ilaqen imi nesexdam mliḥ iqerra-nneɣ. Ur tebɣam ara, ay imeddukal, ad aɣ-teksem ula iḍes yelhan akken ad nesteɛfu, anaɣ ? Ur tebɣam ara ad neɛyu, ad nenzef alamma nuɣal ur nezmir ara ad nqabel axeddim-nneɣ akken iwata ? Ulac ccek, ulac win yebɣan deg-wen tuɣalin n Jones ? Ayen yeɛnan tanqiṭ-agi kksen-as aɣbel, swagi medlen ixef icudden ɣer temsalt n yimṭerḥen. Yernu ulac win i d-yennan awal asmi slan, kra n wussan umbaɛd, d akken sya ɣer zdat ilfan ad kren ssaɛa umbaɛd ɣef yiɣersiwen nniḍen. Mi tekcem tsemhuyt n ḥertadem tufa-d iɣersiwen mmuten seg uxeddim, ṭṭerṭren, maca ɣas akken ul-nsen yennecraḥ. Umbeɛd n lbiɛ n kra seg usaɣur d yirden, lɛula i tegrest ur tɛum ara, maca mi



ad walin tisirt n waḍu yettekkes-asen aneɣni. Tura ṣṣawḍen ɣer tnaṣfa n lebni-ines. Umbaɛd n tmegra, tegnawt tuɣal teṣfa d ayen yeǧǧan iɣersiwen ad rnun deg uxeddim. Uɣalen xeddmen kter n wussan yezrin, acku, am wakken qqaren, tif ad skerkren yal ass iɛemmuren n yiẓra i wakken ad rnun deg usali n yiɣraben n tsirt. Malabar, deg kra n wuḍan, yettruḥu weḥd-s, ixeddem ssaɛa neɣ snat ddaw n tziri n ctember. Mi ad stufun, iɣersiwen ad bdun adewwer ɣef tsirt acḥal n yiberdan mebla ma ɛyan, ad qqimen la tt-tettmuqulen, wehmen zdat n lqewwa d uqɛad n yiɣraben. Yernu wehmen daɣen deg yiman-nsen amek i ṣṣawḍen ad ssalin asenfar ameqqraḥan am wagi. Ḥala Benjamin amɣar i yugin ad yili d imnifeg am yimeddukal-is, maca mebla ma yenṭeq, yettɛawad kan i lehdur-ines udrigen ɣef teɣzi n leɛmer n yiɣyal. Hatan ikcem waggur n wamber d waḍu-ines n unẓul-amalu. D wagi i d-yeǧǧan iɣersiwen ad ḥebsen lxedma-nsen, acku ur zmiren ara ad sxelḍen asiman ma tella nnwa. Yiwen n yiḍ yewwet-d waḍu yejhed mliḥ, ula d ixxamen n leɛzib bdan la ttembbiwilen, am wakken kra n yiqermuden yewwi-ten waḍu. Tiyuzaḍ yeṭṭsen, dduqsent seg tuggdi. Deg yiwet n tergit i xedment, slant i uqerreṣ n yiwen n ubeckiḍ. Mi d-ffɣen ṣṣbeḥ berra, iɣersiwen walan belli ajdar yeɣli ɣer lqaɛa, am wakken walan yiwet n tulmut yettwaqelɛen am yiwet n tfejla. Akken kan walan tixeṣṣarin yeḍran, serḥen-as i yiwen n jjiq. Ayen i ttwalin d ayen ur yezmir ad t-yeqbel leɛqel : tisirt teggrurej. Ɣef yiwen n ubrid, uzzlen irkelli ɣer umkan n twaɣit. Ula d Napoléon, ur yuɣen ara tannumi ad iɣiwel, hatan la yettazzal d amezwaru. D tidet ! Tidi-nsen, axeddim-nsen irkelli ha-t-an yeɣli-d ɣer lqaɛa. Iɣraben ɣlin irkelli, ulac acu i d-yeggran deg-sen, iẓra mwezzaɛen, acḥal i neɛtaben fell-asen akken ad ten-id-rẓen, akken ad ten-id skerkren ! Qqimen deg umkan-nsen, qquren zdat lmuṣiba i ten-yuɣen. Napoléon yebda la yettawi yettara deg umkan n twaɣit mebla ma yenna-d awal, yetcexir seg lweqt ɣer wayeḍ, taṣeṭṭa-ines tettneggiz seg tama tayfust ɣer tama tazelmaṭ, d wagi yesebganen



belli la yettxemmim. Imiren kan ibedd deg umkan-is, iban-d d akken yufa-as-d ixef-is : - Ay imeddukal, i d-yenna, teẓram anwa yellan deffir n waya ? Acengu i d-yusan iḍ yezrin ad yesedrem tisirt n waḍu ? D Takuret n Udfel i d-iɛeggeḍ Napoléon. Ih, i d-ikemmel awal-is, d Takuret n Udfel, s lebɣeḍ-ines, akken ad ibedd deg wudem n yiɣuwas-nneɣ, wagi irkelli akken ad yerr ttar n useɛseq seg leɛzib. D netta, d axabit, d aseddaɛ ! Yerja armi d-yeɣli ṭṭlam, yedderdeb armi dagi dɣa ihud s yiwet n tiyita ayen i nebna s tidi-nneɣ deg useggas. Ay imeddukal, seg teswiɛt-agi hatta tanaṭ ayen yeɛnan Takuret n Udfel. Neḥkem ɣef Tkuret n Udfel» s lmut. Win ad t-id-yawin ɣer teɣdemt, ad t-nerr d Aṣaḍ-Aɣersiw, Asmil wis sin, am wakken ad as-nernu azgen n lgelba n lbaṭaṭa. Lgelba n lbaṭaṭa i win ad t-id-yawin d amuddur ! D Takuret n Udfel i yeṣṣawḍen ad yessexdem lexbuṭ am tigi, d tagrut yeserfan iɣersiwen d tirni. Yal yiwen yebda axemmem d acu ilaqen ad yexdem akken ad yeṭṭef Takuret n Udfel ma yewwi-t-id Rebbi ɣer leɛzib. Imiren kan ufan-d ɣef yimɣan ljerrat n yilfan i zemren ad ḍefren deg kra n lmitrat kan, maca ttbinent d akken ttawint srid ɣer yiwen uṭuṭec yellan deg zzerb. Napoléon, umbaɛd mi yesraḥ mliḥ later-agi, yenna-asen-d belli d Takuret n Udfel, ulac ccek. Ɣef rray-is, yusa-d seg leɛzib n Foxwood. Mi yekfa asriḥi yenna-asen-d : - Berkat-aɣ adewwer ay ameddukal ! i iɛeggeḍ Napoléon. Axeddim la aɣ-yettraju. Ad nɛiwed lebni n tsirt ṣṣbeḥ-agi, yernu ur nḥebbes ara axeddim ṭul tagrest ama tekkat lehwa neɣ yekkat waḍu. Ad nesebgen i uxeddaɛ-agi belli ur nettaǧa ara s leshala ayen nebda. Ur tettut ara ay imeddukal : ur ilaq ara ad nbeddel ula yiwet n tenqiṭ deg yiɣuwas-nneɣ. Yessefk fell-aɣ ad ten-nekfu deg lweqt. Ar zdat ay imeddukal ! Ad tidir tisirt n waḍu ! Ad yidir Leɛzib n Yiɣersiwen!

TULLIST


Ddayxa

Malek HOUD

Aḥric wis 2

dayxa d Wakli ttemwalin mi ara tt-isserkeb deg tkerrust-is yettawi-tt ad tesɣer. Maca mi ara mmcedhin, acḥal d abrid i d-teɣli tegnit, ttuɣalen

ɣer teẓgi n Tala n Wudi iwimi fkan isem “Adeg n tayri-nneɣ”, ttɣimin din ur s-ttakin i wakud yettɛedday. Awal gar-asen yettezzi ɣef yimira, amek i llan, d acu i ixeddmen deffir n umahil n yal ass. Ttmeslayen diɣen ɣef uzekka-nsen. Asentel i ten-iceɣben deg sin ɣas ma yal yiwen deg-sen ala fell-as i yettxemmim maca yeqqim yeffer-it deg wul-is d timlilit i d-yettilin gar-asen ma ad tuɣal d tunṣibt neɣ d tiqecmaɛt kan. Ddayxa ur tezmir ara ad d-tebder nettat awal ɣef lexḍubegga-ines, yerna deg tmetti taqbaylit tilawin ssusument, ur sɛint ara awal deg temsalt-a n tissulya. Ihi tettraju Akli ad d-yebder ayen yellan yugar akk ayen tedder yagi imi taluft-a d ayen ara tidir sya d afella. Akli yeṭallay-itt ɣer wallen-is tizgzawin s yiwet n tmuɣli yeččuren d tayri n tidet yenna-as : - Teẓrid ala kemm i ḥemmleɣ a Taddexduxt-iw. - Ẓriɣ, ula d nekk ala kečč i sɛiɣ. I s-terra s yiwet n taɣect yettergigin acku teḥṣa d acu i iteddu ad s-d-yini nettat ur thegga ara iman-is i yiwen n yisalli am wa. - Ihi, imalas i d-iteddun, yemma ad n-tas s axxam-nwen ad kem-id-texḍeb i mmi-s.

D



- Anwa akka mmi-s? I s-terra s udhac. - Am wakken ur tessineḍ ara yemma. Yemma am yemma-m, tal yiwet tesɛa-d yiwen. Mennun turrew-d Ddayxa ma d Ṭawes turew-d Akli. Akli yeḥmmel Ddayxa, yebɣa ad yebḍu iseggasen ineggura n tudert-is yid-s. Tura tebɣiḍ ad m-d-geɣ unuɣ ɣef lkaɣeḍ akken ad tegzuḍ? Akli ihedder nettat tleddi deg yimi-s d warquqen-is izegzawen. Ur tezmir ara ad teffer lferḥ i d-yettdeggir wudem-is. Imeṭṭawen n tnufli sserḥen-d d tiregwa ɣef leḥnak-is ixuxiyen. Deg yimir-nni tettu akk anzaren-is. Mi i tesla s yimeẓẓuɣen-is i wulɣu-a n tayri temmeɣ ɣef Wakli tekker tessuden-it deg yimi, deg wanzaren, deg unyir, ur teǧǧi aḥric n wudem-is. D tagi i d tirit-s i Wakli mi i s-yessuter ad tuɣal d tameṭṭut-is. Deg ubrid mi tetteddu ad tuɣal s axxam ur tefhim ara akk d acu akka i d-yeḍran yid-s. Kecmen-tt-id sin wafriyen d inemgalen : tanufli d tfuɣalt. Tanufli i d-yedlan fell-as d tin i ttḥulfunt merra teqcicin i d-xeḍben wid i tent-iḥemmlen. Ma d tafuɣalt terra-tt am wakken d kra i tt-yeskuffuren, iḍaq nnef-is, lferḥ-nni i d-immargen fell-as isfeḍ-it leḥzen-nni i tt-yeṭṭafaren am tili seg wasmi i tfaq s wanzaren-is amek i gan. Ar tura tettewhem amek akka i tt-yeqbel Wakli ad tuɣal d tameṭṭut-is alamma d lmut. Ɣef waya i d-qqaren tayri d taderɣalt, iqmec Rebbi allen ɣef kra n urbaɛ, Akli yedda-d gar-asen. Medden sserwalen-ten wanzaren-iw netta amzun d tameṣmart n wuzzal i d-ijebbed ddkir. Ula d inaragen d yicenga n twacult-is ur ttamnen ara s tyuga ur iqebbel leɛqel ad temlil. Ad s-inin mebla ccek d iḥeckulen i s-tessečč m wanzaren i Wakli akken ad tt-yaɣ, tesderɣel-it yis-sen almi yuɣal ur yettwali ara udem-ihin n ṣṣifa tawellahit. Ula d yemma-s ur tumin ara yiwen wass ad d-asen medden ad d-xeḍben yelli-s mi s-tenna Ddayxa ad theggi iman-is i yimalas i d-iteddun ad d-terzu ɣur-sen twacult n Dda Ɛacur At Yiɣil. Ula d nettat ikcem-itt win akken ikecmen yelli-s, ad tettru neɣ ad teslilew. Teqqim deg yiwen umkan amzun yewwet-itt bukerraɛ, teggugem am yisɣi awal ur tt-id-yuli. Tenwa d target i tettargu, tettraju melmi ara d-taki seg yiḍes akken ad uɣalent temsal akken



llant seg zik. Ddayxa tuki, temlek iman-is, teḥnec-d yemma-s, tẓeyyr-itt-id ɣur-s s ugejdur n tezmart-nni i s-yefka Rebbi, tessuden-itt acḥal d abrid nettat teqqar-as : D tidet a yemma yelli-m ad teddu d tislit… D tidet a yemma yelli-m ad teddu d tislit…Wissen acḥal n tikkal i d-tules i tefyirt-a. - Aya lxir-nneɣ, iṭall-d Rebbi ɣur-neɣ. I s-tettarra yemma-s, tiregwa n yimeṭṭi n lferḥ uɣent-d leḥnak-nsent yettmecruruqen i tafat n wass. Lferḥ n Ddayxa yekka ayen itekk yifeṭṭiwej mi ara t-id-issusef uqejmur ireqqen deg lkanun mi ara t-ismenteg walebɛaḍ. Aɣilif-nni i tt-yennumen ibren-d ɣur-s, tikkelt-a yegla-d s wafud isseḥzanen idurar. Dɣa kra itekk wass nettat teqber, tḍaq amzun d kra neɣ kra i s-iweḥlen deg ugerjum-is, ur iṣṣubb ur yuli. Segmi teḥṣa Akli mačči d askeɛrer i t-id-yewwin ɣur-s, d argaz n wawal, dɣa tedhec cwiṭ, tenwa yiwen seg yirgazen akk n taddart-is ur d-ittqerrib ɣur-s acku tilawin am nettat iɣelli-d bur fell-asent, ttidirent iman-nsent alamma tfukk temẓi-nsent, fukken wussan-nsent. Ddayxa tga am tsureft n ulugen, ad tebḍu tudert-is d Wakli, maca d acu ara s-tfek ? D acu ara d-yaf deg-s ? Ala anzaren. Ad yejwej mačči d tmeṭṭut, ad yejwej d wanzaren. “Waah ! Gulleɣ yerna mačči s limin ḥanet d ttar ar t-rreɣ deg ddunit-a i iyi-icenfen tawenza, tefka-iyi-d terna-iyi-d s wacu ara cemteɣ, s wacu ara tirẓig tudert-iw” Akka i teqqar yal ass. Axemmem i itezzin deg uqerruy-is seg zik, d win i s-d-iqqaren : - Aɣbel-inem ɣur-s tifrat, d kemm kan i yestehzan wanag zik d tura mačči kif kif, tasnajya texdem yiwen usurif ɣer sdat annect-ilat. D amsuji yettcelliḥen ara m-d-yefken tahuski tuklaleḍ mi ara m-iseggem lbaṭaṭa-nni inem i kem-icemten, wanag anyir-im, allen-im timeqqranin tizegzawin, taqemmuct-im tamecṭuḥt am duru yeflan, acebbub-im awraɣ am ukbal, ulac tid i ten-isɛan. Aɣbel-is deg tidet d Akli ugar n wanzaren-is. Tebɣa ad tt-id-yaf akken i tettargu iman-is tella, deg wudem mačči d tacriḥt-nni n uksum yeččan akk aqadum-is maca kra n tanzarin yeqmumsen, yeddan akken i ilaq d yigman-nniḍen. S ṣṣifa am ta tezmer ad tekki



s uzday n lqedd deg temsizzelt n tullas icebḥen; arraz amezwaru yiwet ur s-tettekkes. Dayen tegzem-itt deg rray, tuɣalin ɣer deffir ulac. Ula d yemma-s taɛzizt i tt-id-isɛan ur tt-tgir ala deg lbaḍna-s. Tṣubb snat n tikkal ɣer Bgayet twala-d yiwen n umazzag n tesnajya n ucelleḥ akken ad d-yedhu d wanzaren-is. Tikkelt tamezwarut d lehdur i s-yehder ddaqqes, yefka-as-d kra n yiseqsiyen bḥal: Ma yella s lebɣi-s ara texdem tamhelt-a ? Ma ur tneddem ara ? Ma yella ad teqbel ṣṣifa-nniḍen ? Ɣer taggara n temlilit-nsen yenna-as : “Ccɣel-a d ayen isehlen maḍi”. Yefka-as-d umsuji asihar i wass n Umhad n yimalas aneggaru n wayyur n yulyu.Ddayxa theyya-d iman-is aṭas aya. Taswiɛt i tefren teɣli-d deg yimuras n unebdu acku d taɣezzfant, tezmer ad texdem amayendin n lecɣal yerna ad ten-tfakk akk. Nettat ala yiwen n ccɣel i d-tger deg uqerruy-is, icɣeb-itt, yehma-tt, yerwi-tt, yessufeɣ-as leɛqel, ala fell-as i tettxemmim: tamhelt n wanzaren-is. 29 yulyu d ass n tidet, yugar ass n tlalit-is deg ccan, mačči aṭas n wakud i s-d-iggran ad d-yaweḍ. Ddayxa ikcem-itt yiwen n lḥir ur tezmir ad d-tessefhem acku urǧin tbeddel anzaren-is. Teḍra yid-s am wakken ɣaḍen-tt cwiṭ. Tewwi-d abrid yid-sen ugar n tlatin n yiseggasen. D tamuɣli n tmetti i d ssebba n waṭas n tlufa wanag nettat tennum-iten. Maca mi ad d-temmekti ayen i s-d-uǧǧwen n wurfan d timuɣbent, tenna : - Hdak ! Anef-asen ad sahlen ur ten-ttwaliɣ ara sdat-i mi ara ṭilleɣ lemri. Anef-asen ad nfun seg wudem i iyi-irran d lemɛayrat ur d-ssasiɣ s lecɣal-iw, wanag tidak stahleɣ-tent. Ass n 27 n wayyur yulyu tenna i yemma-s ad truḥ ad tesɛeddi kra n wussan n yimuras ɣer tmeddakelt-is Zwina, tin akken yeɣran yid-s deg tesdawit. Akka i teskiddib i yemma-s asmi akken i teqqar deg tesdawit, tettzuxxu-as ɣur-s aṭas n tmeddukal. Nettat meskint ulac ɣur-s ulamma d yiwet ad s-teḥku lehmum-is. Tikkelt-a diɣen teskaddeb ɣef yemma-s, mačči ɣer tmeddakelt-is ur nelli wuɣur ara truḥ maca ɣer yiwen n sbiṭar amecṭuḥ iwimi qqaren “Asirem” anda ara texdem tamhelt n ucelleḥ n wanzaren-is.



Deg temliliyin timenza d yimsujiyen tella-d lxedma n uheggi ama n leɛqel n tmuḍint ama timsal-nniḍen yerzan tadbelt. Sseknen-as-d ula d tugna n wanzaren ara tesɛu sya ɣer sdat. Ma neserwes-iten d wid i s-d-yefka ugama ad ten-naf mgarraden aṭas. Tanzarin timaynutin meẓẓiyit azal n mraw n tikkal ɣef yiqdimen, widak iwimi ara tini awer timlilit yid-wen. Imsujiyen fukken amahil-nsen, ur qqimen ara aṭas fell-as. D yiwen n ccɣel i isehlen maḍi. Ddayxa teẓẓel tinegnit ɣef wussu deg yiwet n texxamt n sbiṭar-nni amecṭuḥt, talemmast n wudem-is tɣumm s uceṭṭiḍ amellal. Tuki-d seg ssikran i tt-ssekren maca tuɣal ɣer yiḍes, akka i s-yelha, ljerḥ iḥellu zik mi ara igen bab-is. Mi d-tuki tettu akk iman-is anda tella, tuɣal tferreẓ timsal cwiṭ cwiṭ almi i d-temmekta d acu i tt-id-yewwin ɣer din. Ɣer lemri yedlen lḥiḍ i tt-id-iqublen twala iman-is, maca ayen akken i tebɣa ad t-tẓer yeffer s ubeḥnuq amellal i d-yezzin ɣef wudem-is d uqerruy-is. Leɛmer i tḥar ad twali anzaren-is am wassen maca tugad yiwet n tugdi ur tefhim ara akk. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal dayen, tekkes aɣilif acku teḥṣa teǧǧa ɣer deffir kra seg timmad-is. Tegzem timiḍt d Ddayxa-nni i d-yeddren ar ass-a. Tlul-d Ddayxa tamaynut, Ddayxa ara yecbun tura tullas-nniḍen neɣ ad tent-tif maḍi, tfukk Ddayxa-nni yettarran iman-is deg rrif, tin ur nesɛi nnuba sdat n tteryulat n tlawin, tin yettɣimin d taneggarut alamma ɛeddant akk tiyaḍ. Ma d tura lqedd-is ad yezdi, tamuɣli-s ɣer wallen n win neɣ tin ara d-yeṭillen ɣur-s, tfukk tudra n wallen, dayen. Axemmem-is ameqqran i d-ittezzin fell-as war ɛeggu d tasedmirt n wid i tt-iḥemmlen s tidet am yemma-s neɣ Akli. Tamuffirt i sen-d-thegga tɛedda tilas, teḥṣa ad s-ferḥen akken tefreḥ nettat, maca skudmal ur yekkis ara uɣummu ɣef wanzaren-is mazal ur tethenna ara. Zrin kra n wussan, Ddayxa tettuɣal-itt-id tezweɣ n wudem-is ɣef waya i yerfed ṭṭbib rray ad s-yekkes aceṭṭiḍ-nni amellal yedlen udem-is. Igezzem-it-id s lemḥadrat s temqessin netta ihedder i tmuḍint am wakken d yelli-s tamecṭuḥt :



- Ur ttagad, tura ad m-kkseɣ akk ayen yesburen anzaren-im, tura ad ten-twaliḍ, ḥṣiɣ ad m-d-zgen deg lxaṭer. Lehdur akk i s-yeqqar tejɣem-iten am waman mi ara teffad, ssedhan-tt almi i d-tufa iman-is mebla kra iɣummen udem-is. Teṭall ɣer win n ṭṭbib twala-t yecmumeḥ-d, d ayen i isneqsen cwiṭ seg uɣilif-is. Iweddeɛ-as umsuji s leɛqel lemri, udem-nni daxel-is yettẓiẓi-d ɣur-s cwiṭ cwiṭ almi d-yewweḍ azal n ɛecrin n yiṣenṭimen sdat-s. Mi akken i twala iman-is, imi-s yeqqim yeldi yettaḍsa, allen-is cerɛent teddunt d imeṭṭawen n lferḥ. Temmeɣ ur tuki ɣef ṭṭbib-is tessuden-it deg leḥnak, deg unyir acḥal d abrid nettat teqqar tettales-as i wawal : - Tanemmirt a ṭṭbib ! Tanemmirt a ṭṭbib ! Lemri-nni iɣef trewwel seg wasmi i d-tekker yuɣal ur yeṭṭixir ara fell-as, teṭallay deg-s mebla ɛeyyu. Ad s-ɛerqent kan ad t-id-terfed ad tesmuqel deg wudem n tin i d-yettaḍsan ɣur-s. Teqqar : Ahat d targit i ttarguɣ, ad d-akiɣ kan seg yiḍes ad waliɣ widak yezgan deg tlemmast n wudem-iw ṭallayen-d ɣur-i s ujqejqej. Din din ad d-terr i yiman-is : Mačči d targit i tettarguḍ a nneya, cwiṭ-nni n tanzarin yeqmumsen rnant deg ccbaḥa i wudem-im, d ayla-inem, ma d igejduren-nni i tɛebbaḍ azal n tlatin n yiseggasen dayen ddan d yiḍelli. Temmekta-d assen i d-usan yimawlan n Wakli ad tt-xeḍben d wass n uɛeyyen-is. Sin wussan-a ɣazen takwat i lebda deg wallaɣ-is, ur tezmir ara ad ten-tettu. Imeɛraḍen ggten, kra n win yettilin i Dda Ɛacur n At Yiɣil ddan-d d iqeffafen ad fken tiẓri. Akka i dlɛada, win iwalan tislit ad s-ikemmes, ad s-yefk ayen i s-d-tefka nneya-s. Ttemɛanaden yerna kkaten ad d-sbegnen iman-nsen sɛan, ɣef waya yal wa ittak-d ugar n wayeḍ seg yidrimen ɣas ma rqiqet liḥala-s. Akka i d taqbaylit. Llan yinebgawen n twacult n Wakli rnu wid n Ddayxa n twacult n At Wulmu, yeqqim uxxam yeggemgem seg lɣaci. Ass-nni n uɛeyyen-is tesres-it gar wussan i tɣucc akk, ur ten-tettawi ara deg wul-is acku ǧǧan-d deg-s ccama. Ckika irgazen inebgawen, wanag tilawin ulac d acu ur d-ǧǧint ara i temɣart n Ddayxa: “Amzun negrent teqcicin mi teddumɣeḍ ɣef wanzaqen-



ihin, deg tmeɣriwin ur tezmir ar ad s-teɛreq i Wakli, llan wanzaren n lbaṭaṭa ad tt-id-zzenzen”. I tenna yiwet n tɣirdemt. Mačči ala aya i tesla Ddayxa deg wayen n diri maca awal ur tt-id-yuli, kullec tesbleɛ-it, terra-t ɣer daxel. D Akli i d ddwa n waṭan-is, ad t-id-temmekti kan ad tettu akk lehmum-is. Ma d tura a wi d-yerren ussan-nni n tteɛyin d tlawin-nni akk i d-yusan zaɛma ad as-srebḥent tislit i Nna Ṭawes. Tettwali iman-is gar-asent amzun d tageldunt s tanzarin yeqmumsen, nutenti seg tismin udrent maḍi i taṭṭucin-nsent. S tanzarin-a timelḥanin i terra ttar deg zzman i tt-icemten deg ṣṣura-s acḥal d aseggas. Teggul ur teḥnit, d ayen d-tṛeggem i texdem. Teggra-d deg yidrimen s wacu ara tqabel ṭṭebbat tesɛa yerna awer d-uɣalen. Nettat seg wasmi txeddem tjemmeɛ, rnu ayen i s-d-tefka yemma-s. Ala nettat i tesɛa, tezmer ad s-tfek tamemmuct n tiṭ-is d asfel, awudu kan ad tefreḥ yelli-s, ad d-tecbu tizziwin-is. Imi jjin akken i ilaq wanzaren-is, uɣalen amzun akken i d-ddan yid-s asmi i d-tlul, teffeɣ-d seg sbiṭar. Mi d-tewweḍ ɣer taddart tedda ɣef uḍar almi d axxam. Deg ubrid kra n win i d-temmuger d tameṭṭut neɣ d argaz, yiwen ur tt-yeɛqil yerna ssnen akk Ddayxa, yelli-s n Dda yidir n At Wulmu. Nettat diɣen terra iman-is ur tessin yiwen, tettecmumuḥ kan iman-is terennu, iɛǧeb-as lḥal nezzeh. Tewweḍ ɣer tewwurt n uxxam-nsen tesṭebṭeb, teldi-as-d yemma-s. Inaragen nwan-tt d tinebgiwt n Nna Mennun. Mi tezger amnar n tewwurt tekcem ɣer daxel n uxxam, yemma-s terra aḍar ɣer deffir, tettewhem deg tmeṭṭut taberranit i d-ikecmen axxam-is mebla akukru amzun din i tezdeɣ. Ddayxa tettmuqul deg yemma-s tettaḍsa. Nna Mennun, izad udhac-is, tuɣal tettḥekkir deg wudem n tmeṭṭut i d-ibɛebɛen s axxam-is. Udem-is twala-t yagi, taḍsa-s tessen-itt, terna cwiṭ teṭṭerḍeq d imeṭṭawen mi teɛqel yelli-s tameɛzuzt Ddayxa. - Annaɣ a yelli akken tuɣaleḍ ! Teɛrqeḍ-iyi, nwiɣ deg tazwara d abɛaḍ n trumyin iwimi i d-yeɛreq ubrid. - Ih a yemma. I s-terra ula d nettat s yimeṭṭi d teḍsa. D d nekk, d yelli-m Ddayxa. Bɣiɣ ad m-xedmeɣ yiwet n tmuffirt, ha-t-an wwḍeɣ



ɣer lebɣi-w nnig llazem. Yiwen seg yimezdaɣ n taddart ur yeḥṣi d Ddayxa i d-iɛeddan s axxam. Ddayxa i ssnen tunag wissen anda yerna ur tettu ara tewwi yid-s anzaren-nni yessexlaɛen. Ddayxa tamaynut teṭṭef amḍiq-is deg tal taɣult ama ɣer Nna Mennun d yelli-s neɣ ɣer wakli d tameṭṭut-is s yagi ɣer kra n wussan. Ulac imuras ẓiden am wid n useggas-a. Deg wass n 29 yulyu tbeddel anzaren-nni ines n lbaṭaṭa s wid yeqmumsen, wid i s-d-yewwin ala tanufli d telwit n wul. Mazal ad ternu ayyur ad d-asen At Yiɣil ad awin tislit-nsen ass n 29 ɣuct. Ma d tura tettheggi iman-is ad tqabel taswiɛt akken i iwata. Tuɣ-d iselsa i d-yennulfan taggara-a kan, ass n tiwin ad teɛnu anersam iẓẓewren ad s-yemceḍ diɣ ad tzewweq iman-is alamma tif akk tislatin yeddan seg taddart neɣ tid i d-ijewjen ɣer Tewrirt. Ala yemma-s deg taddart i yeḥṣan s wudem amaynut n Ddayxa, ma d taberranit-nni i d-ikecmen s axxam-is nwan-tt akk at taddart d tameddkelt n Ddayxa ur ssinen i d-yusan d tinebgit ɣer tmeɣra-s. Ddayxa ha-tt deg uxxam n xwal-is tesɛedday kra n wussan din simira ad d-yaweḍ wass n tikli s axxam n Wakli. Akka i yuzzel wawal seg yimi ɣer umeẓẓuɣ deg taddart. Kra n wussan send tameɣra zwaren-d yinebgawen imezwura s axxam n Yidir At Wulmu, d wid i yettilin i twacult-a. Gar-asen llant snat n tsetmatin n Nna Mennun tugar-itent deg leɛmer, tigi d Melxir d Melɛez. Yemma-tsent temmut zik, d uletma-tsent tameqqrant i sent-ikemmlen ttrebga, dɣa ttqadarent-tt nnig n llazem. Nna Mennun tessawel i yessetma-s, Melxir d Melɛez, tewwi-tent ɣer texxamt n Ddayxa i tent-yettrajun din. Deg tazwara wehment d acu i txeddem tmeddakelt n Ddayxa din iman-is. Ssusment, ur d-nnint la zzant la rɣant, rujant d acu akka ara sent-d-tini uletma-tsent tameqqrant. Nna Mennun i d-yerran yiwet n nnehta ur nettfakka tenṭeq tenna-asent : Ad ɛeddiɣ ad kent-id-greɣ ɣer lbaḍna-nteɣ, maca ḥadremt awal ad yeffeɣ, ma yella kra i d-yennulfan d kunemti i ssneɣ. Melxir d Melɛez izad udhac-nsent. - Ahya a Nnana Mennun yak d kemm i ɣ-d-irebban. I s-terra tmaẓuẓt Melɛez.



- Ẓriɣ annect-a, maca ayen ara went-d-iniɣ yugar akk ayen ara tenwumt. - S yixef n Ureẓqi-inu, ala win i sɛiɣ, d ayen ara sleɣ da ad yeqqim ɣur-i. Akka i d-teggul Melxir. - Nekk ad d-ggaleɣ s Rebbi imi ur iyi-d-yerẓiq ara s uqcic, yefka-iyi-d ala tiqcicin, ur qqareɣ i yiwen ayen ara slent akka tura tmeẓẓuɣin-agi inu. I s-terra Melxir. - Ihi imi akka teggulemt-d, d nekk i d Ddayxa a xwalti. I sent-tenna tberranit-nni i ɛuddent d tameddakelt n yelli-s n uletma-tsent. - Waah ! I Nnant ɣef tikkelt. Melxir tcukk-ikem, acḥal d abrid i iyi-d-tenna tameddakelt-ihin n Ddayxa tettak anzi ɣer Ddayxa, kkes-itt,ffer-itt d lermaḥ-is akk. -Ayakka tzeyneḍ a Ddayxa, tgiḍ amzun d taɛelǧet ! D acu akka i txedmeḍ almi tbeddleḍ udem? Tuɣaleḍ d tayeḍ. Mačči d yiwet n tuttra i s-tefka Melɛez. - Ih! Ih ! Yiwen wass ad went-d-sfehmeɣ akk kra da ma d tura yella wayen yugaren aya. Ala yemma d kunemti i iwalan anta i d nekk. Ula d win akken ara yuɣyalen d isli deg wussan-a, tessnemt-t i snat ur yeẓri ara beddleɣ akka. Bɣiɣ ad s-xedmeɣ yiwet n tmuffirt iɣef ur yebni ara akk fell-as. Yessen Ddayxa m wanzaren n lbaṭaṭa, d tin i d-iɛeyyen, ma d tin ara yeddun d tislit s axxam-is urǧin i tt-iwala. D tin yesɛan tanzarin tiqmumsanin. Nettat terfed aqerruy-is s igenni tessenhaz-is seg zzuxx. Ihi sya d tasawent d kunemti d yemma ara iyi-d-iqedcen. D kunemti deg snat ara icebbḥen i teslit. Ilaq yiwen seg taddart ur iḥeṣṣu amek i giɣ. Assen ara dduɣ d tislit udem-iw diɣen yiwen ur t-ittwali, ad t-iɣumm uqelmun n ubernus ara lseɣ. Amdan wis ukkuẓ ara iyi-iwalin d Akli deg uxxam-is sdat n yinbgawen n tmeɣra mi ara nɛeddi ad nṣewwer deg sin akken ad nesɛu tiwlifin n tissulya-nneɣ i usmekti n wass-nni. Din ara iẓer i tikkelt tamezwarut udem-iw amaynut mi ara iyi-ikkes aqelmun n ubernus-iw. Deg yedra-s akk i giɣ aya wanag wiyaḍ ur iyi-tuqiɛ ara deg-sen. Akli yuklal nnig waya, ḥemmleɣ-t am leɛmer-iw, netta diɣen mačči tikkelt i iyi-d-yenna iḥemmel-iyi. Aṭas i iḥar ɣer temlilit-nneɣ n dima.



Ass n tmeɣra yewweḍ-d, d ass n ssebt. Imawlan n Wakli usan-d deg yiṭaksiyen. Irgazen wwten lbarud, tilawin slalwent, Melɛez d Melxir grent-d gar-asent tislit i iɣumm ubernus amellal seg tqacuct n uqerruy-is almi d timceḍt n yiḍarren-is, grent-tt daxel n yiwet n tkerrust i icebḥen am teslit. Deg ubrid ssekkren s tkerrusin-nsen d tyitiwin n lbarud d uslilew yiwen uhetwir annect-ilat. Tameɣra n Wakli ad s-cfun medden, ad d-teqqim deg umezruy n taddart n Tewrirt. Aserbabuɛ-nni n tkerrusin, mi yewweḍ s axxam n Dda Ɛacur, rsen-d akk yiqeffafen d tqeffafin, tislit d tamezwarut. Send ad tezger amnar n uxxam ara yuɣalen d ayla-s tdegger ɣer deffir urawen n waman, terna urawen n leḥlawat d lkawkaw d waṭas n tẓidanin i warrac d teqcicin yeggten deffir-s, akken ad iẓiden wussan-is. Tekcem axxam n urgaz-is dima gar snat-nni n tɛessasin n xwalti-s, s lbarud d uslilew. Tezger afrag awesɛan terra srid s axxam n yinebgawen yebbuḥran imi ldin sin n yisfuyla-ines, teɛna tasga teqqim din. Ma d tilawin-nniḍen, ta telha-d d cceɣl-is tqeddec, ta tettekki deg wurar tcennu neɣ tceṭṭeḥ. Tameɣra i itekken sin wussan ha-tt-an deg wass -is amezwaru. At Yiɣil sseččen akk imezdaɣ n taddart n Tewrirt. D azger i zlan, aksum d seksu ugaren. Azekka-nni tameɣra tettkemmil, tezzi-d nnuba n teslit ad tecḍeḥ yerna ad tṣewwer nettat d urgaz-is. Afrag n uxxam n Dda Ɛacur yeggemgem seg tlawin yekkaten urar, deg tlemmast-is d taqaɛet anda i d-ttɛeddayent tullas ceṭṭḥent s nnuba, tal yiwet tefren taɣect i d-yekkaten deg temɣart-is neɣ ɣef tnuḍt-is. Ssaɛa tewweḍ yiwet n tmeddit, d nnuba n teslit ad tecḍeḥ. Tekker-d kanakken s ubernus-is tẓaẓ iman-is ɣer tlemmast n tqaɛet, Akli s tlaba tamaynut n yisli immuger-itt, s ufus-is aẓelmaḍ yeṭṭef afus ayeffus n Ddayxa-s, iẓeyyer-it cwiṭ akka i s-yessaweḍ azul mebla ma slan-d neɣ walan-d yinebgawen i d-ittnezzihen. Send ad tɛeddi ad d-tezzi abrid neɣ sin deg tqaɛet, yewwi-d ɣef teslit ad tṣewwer nettat d yisli. Tin ad ten-isewwren d tameṭṭut, tbedd-d sdat-sen tasewwart deg ufus. Akli s lemḥadrat yekker ad yekkes aqelmun-nni n ubernus n Ddayxa ɣef uqerruy-is. Irfed-it kan d asawen iban-d wudem n Ddayxa s yiwen n ucmumeḥ i tt-yerran terna deg sser. Akli imi d-zgan wallen-is deg



wudem amaynut n Ddayxa iǧelleb timendeffirt s yiwen n usurif. Udem-is d win yetwehmen mačči d kra, yeqqim akken yedhec yiwen umeslay ur t-id-yuli. Ddayxa mazal taḍsa-s ur teṭṭaxer ara imi-s, tenna-as i Wakli : - Qerreb-d ɣur-i, d nekk, d Ddayxa ! - Ddayxa i ssneɣ mačči d kemm. I s-yerra s zzɛaf. Yebda iɛeqqel kra n yigman n wudem n ddayxa yessen am wallen-is, anyir-is, imi-s, ula d taḍsa-s. - Ala ay akli, d nekk i d Ddayxa, ur telli tayeḍ. - Ddayxa i ssneɣ, Ddayxa i ttarguɣ, Ddayxa i yettilin yal dqiqa yid-i, ulac-itt sdat-i ass-a. Tilawin ḥebsent urar-nsent, inebgawen merra, argaz tameṭṭut; ggugin-d ɣef tikkelt ad walin Ddayxa tuzyint, mačči Ddayxa i nnumen ttwalin. Tagi ur tesserwal ara, tjebbed-iten-id ɣur-s yerna bdan ttfaqen yella kra i yettnamaren Akli. Tres-d yiwet n tsusmi izi ma iɛedda-d ad s-tesleḍ, ala ṣṣut n yisli d teslit i d-yettalin seg ugraw-nni n yinebgawen. Ahya ay Akli! Nniɣ-as ad k-xedmeɣ tamuffirt ara yerren leḥmala-k ɣur-i tugar tin n umayna. Aya tawaɣit-im! Kemm akka i tenwiḍ, terriḍ iman-im tcebḥeḍ mi tqerḍeḍ anzaren-im, wid akken i tɣucceḍ. Nekk a taɛeggunt, ayen i ḥemmleɣ deg-m, ayen i iyi-d-ijebbden ɣur-m d anzaren-nni inem, txedmeḍ tadyant-im mebla ma tcawreḍ-iyi, nwiɣ tfaqeḍ s wannect-a, d ayen i tettwaliḍ kemm icmet-ikem i ḥemmleɣ nekk, d ccmata-inem i riɣ, i ɛuzzeɣ. Ayen i iyi-qqnen ɣur-m tenɣiḍ-t… Yezzi-as-d aɛrur i teslit, yezzeḥweḍ yeffeɣ. Seg wass-nni ur d-iban anda yerra. Yezzi-d useggas, slan yis-s kra, deg tmurt n Kanada i d-yeggra.


Abrid n talwit

Smail ABDENBI

ḍ-nni ur ɛad yekfi, deg yigenni mazal itran, yekker Amestan ihegga iman-is i wakken ad yessiweḍ tiɣawsiwin-nni iɣef t-id-weṣṣan iḍelli-nni mi d-iruḥ

netta akked kra n yimeddukal-is. Ifures tagnit n tuɣalin i wakken ad yeglu s tunṭict i tin iɣef iḥebbek wul-is. Mi d-yeffeɣ ɣer berra, tawacult merra mazal tekkir. Yerra tamzak1 ɣef ulɣem, icudd tteɛbegga, yerkeb, yeṭṭef abrid srid s Isendilen. Ɣas akken abrid ur yenǧir ara, ɣas akken i tikkelt tamezwarut ara yinig weḥd-s, yebɣa Amestan ad d-iban d argaz ɣas akken d ilemẓi. Yebɣa ad iqabel idurar n yijdi s tsusmi-nsen ɣas akken ur ggugmen ara. Yebɣa ad yeččar ilem i s-d-yezzin ɣas akken tegget deg-s tudert. Ur yuggad fad ur yuggad laẓ, iɛewwel ad yezwir imeddukal-is, ad yuɣal weḥd-s alamma d amkan-nni ideg n-yeǧǧa tarbaɛt-nni n yiminigen. Yebɣa ad yessedhec Kella, ad tt-yessewhem i wakken ad d-tini isefra, i netta, weḥd-s kan... Tafat n wass-nni amaynut tedhen-d idurar-nni n yijdi. S tebɣest meqqren am temɣer n uneẓruf i t-id-iqublen, iteddu Amestan ɣef ulɣem-is ɣur tinna yebɣa wul-is. Allaɣ-is yeččur d imeslayen n tayri i d-ihegga i Kella, ula d netta yura-as-d isefra. Icax di tirga n wayen i la t-yettraǧun mi ara yaweḍ, ur d-yelhi ara akked ubrid n tuɣalin, amzun yettkel ɣef ulɣem ad t-yessiweḍ s amkan. Aḍu aḥlawan

1 Tabarda n ulɣem.

I



amzun d abeḥri yettṣeffir am ufrux ɣef tezdayt… yeslufuy i wudem n Amastan akken yeslufuy i tɣaltin n yijdi yettmuruden am llufan, la teddunt am lemwaǧi di lebḥer... D lferǧa, d anezzeh i la yettnezzih Amestan. Seg umkan ɣer wayeḍ, ad iwali kra n yiẓra mɣin-d di tehri n yijdi, kra n tmeqqunin n lḥelfa uzzarent d tama-nsen... maca mačči d ayen ara qeḍɛent wallen. Gar-as akked Kella yella wannect-a. Amecwar, am win i d-yedduqsen si tnafa ɣas akken ur yeṭṭis ara, Amestan yesseḥbes alɣem. Imuqel yeffus, imuqel zelmeḍ, yezzi ɣer deffir dɣa yers-d. Yetḥeyyer. Mačči d win i d amkan ideg ten-yeǧǧa iḍelli-nni mi t-id-ceyyɛen ad asen-yawi tiɣawsiwin i ten-ixuṣṣen. Msefhamen ad mlilen i wakken ad kemmlen abrid lwaḥid. Yelḥa amecwar ɣef uḍar i wakken ad iḥeṣṣen akken iwata lḥal liḥala ideg yella. Icukk ahat yeɛreq-as ubrid, inuda, iwelleh tamuɣli gar tɣaltin n yijdi ma yella kra ara s-d-ibanen... D acu n lǧerra ara d-yeggrin ɣef yijdi yettnawal waḍu ! Amestan yegzem-itt di rray : Ahat beddlen amkan, neɣ kemmlen abrid imi tteklen ad ten-tebɛeɣ. Yerkeb ɣef ulɣem-is ikemmel abrid-is. Simmal ileḥḥu simmal yettqabal ijdi. Simmal ileḥḥu simmal ttɣabent lǧerrat-is. Simmal ileḥḥu simmal aḍu yettṣuḍu. Yelḥa ayen yelḥa, aḍu-nni yessker tabuciḍant. La tettimɣur armi i t-tɣumm s wagu n yijdi akked uɣebbar. Alɣem yethewwel, yerra-tt i tazzla. Cwi kan Amestan yerked ɣef tamzak, tteɛbegga tcudd akken iwata lḥal, wamma ayen yewwi ad yuzzur, ula d netta ad d-yennefḍas ɣef yijdi, ad d-yeggri ulɣem weḥd-s ad iḍac, ahat akken ara iḍac Amestan ula d netta. Maca alɣem yennum aneẓruf, Amestan d amdan, ma ulac aman, ad terzu fell-as lmut. Imi yeckenṭeḍ di tudert, imi yebɣa ad yaweḍ ɣer taggara n yinig-is, Amestan ɣef ulɣem-is yezger taluft-agi n tbuciḍant war ma yuɣ-it kra. Ɣas tɛeṭṭel, maca tɛedda tbuciḍant, yers uɣebbar, iban-d ugama akken yella yakan, maca ibeddel umkan. Ɛerqent-as i Amestan, ur yelli wayen iɣef yecfa... tabuciḍant tesfeḍ kullec, tessaweḍ-it s ayen ur yessin. Ur tenquqel tebɣest-is ur t-yeffiɣ leɛqel. Ɣas akken fad n tfekka yessefcal, yessawal i tmettant, maca fad n tayri irennu lǧehd, skud tella Kella gar wallen-is, Amestan yedder.



Yesfezwi yezwi iman-is, inuda ma yella wayen ixuṣṣen, alɣem ur t-yuɣ wara, yezzi, iwala, iḥekker, yufa-d iman-is am win ur nembawel ara seg umkan-is, amzun ur yelḥi ara, amzun ur ibeddel adeg... mcubant tɣaltin... d yijdi merra. Iɛewwel Amestan ad ikemmel abrid-is. Akken kan i d-yuli ɣer tqacuct n tiɣilt tamezwarut i t-id-iqublen, iwala mbaɛid talast gar yijdi akked uẓru. Iḥukk allen-is, iḥekker akken iwata lḥal... d tidet, kfan yidurar n yijdi, bdan widen n uẓru. Yenher alɣem srid ɣer talast ideg yettɣar yijdi i wakken ad yuɣal d aẓru. Mi yewweḍ, yers-d ɣef ulɣem, yeddem-d aɛwin-is, yedduri yiwen uẓru, yeqqim ad yečč talqimt. Simi yesteɛfa, učči yekfa, yekker yezzi cwiṭ dinna gar yiẓra qbel ad ikemmel abrid-is. Amecwar iban-as-d yifri. Iqerreb ɣer-s, yedda s leḥder armi yewweḍ. Iḍall ɣer daxel iwala iblaḍen reqmen s tfelwa yecban tiden n yinaẓuren imeqqranen. Yedha deg wannect-nni n ccbaḥa, yezzi-d i yifri-nni armi i s-d-ḍehrent tira ɣef yiwet tama n ublaḍ. Simi i iqerreb, iwala d tira i yessen, yefṛez isekkilen-nni iss i tent-uran widen iɛeddan, yelmed-itent yakan dɣa yessenṭeq-itent-id. Mi yekfa taɣuri, yeḥṣa Amestan isem n umkan-nni ideg yella, ismawen n sin seg widen yemmuten dinna, adrum-nsen, ayen i ten-id-yewwin ssyinna akked umkan iɣer teddun. Yeḍfer Amestan iwellihen yettwarun ɣef yiblaḍen armi yewweḍ s amkan nniḍen ideg n-yufa tira nniḍen... i t-yessawḍen s icuḍaḍ n yiwen ubeṭṭeḥḍaḥ yeččuren d iẓekwan umi d-zzint tezdayin. Yefreḥ aṭas mi iwala sin yimɣaren sennden ɣef tezdayt zdat tewwurt n temḍelt. Mi yewweḍ ɣur-sen, yufa-ten-in leɛɛben tiddas. Nitni mi t-walan, wehmen amek armi i d-yekka seg tama-nni... Acuɣer mačči seg tama nniḍen ? Tin n ubrid i ttaɣen akk yiminigen ? Uma llan deg-s waman ! Lemmer mačči d tira-nni i t-iwellhen s abrid wezzilen yili ahat ur ɛad i d-yewwiḍ, ad t-id-yelḥeq yiḍ berra. Tikkelt-a d nitni i as-yemlan abrid... ara t-yessiwḍen s anda ara n-yaf Kella akked yimeddukal umi d-yewwi tiɣawsiwin-nsen. Yedda Amestan deg ubrid armi tekfa tsawent, dɣa iwala aɛdil n tezdayin amzun d ccama tazegzawt di tlemmast n tewreɣ n uneẓruf. Yerra-d



nnehta, yekfa yinig, yewweḍ ɣer taggara n ubrid i d-yewwi weḥd-s i tikkelt tamezwarut. Yeffeɣ-d qbel ad yali wass, yekcem mi qrib ad d-yeɣli ṭṭlam. Yiwen wass yerra Amestan d argaz, ibeddel tamuɣli s ayen yettwali, gar tewreɣ n yijdi akked tizzegzewt n tebḥirin yella netta, amdan n uneẓruf. Iqerreb cwiṭ ɣer zdat dɣa yesla i ccna n tlawin akked uceqqer n ufus. Simmal yettaẓ simmal isell i tindi. Simmal ileḥḥu simmal ikeccem di rreḥba n lferḥ. Ahal yefka nnuba i wawal gar yirgazen akked tlawin. Mi iwala Amestan Kella tettwellih-as-d s yifassen-is si gar tulawin yeqqimen s imzad, yeẓra belli ur tḍerru ara yid-s am wakken i s-teḍra i Musa Ag Amestan akked Dasin Ult Yemma. Yeẓra ur tt-yettaǧǧa ara, akken yeẓra daɣen belli nettat ur t-tettaǧǧa ara. Yeẓra di sin ara dduklen i wakken ad ḥedren i Sbiba, d lfal n talwit akked lehna i la ten-yettraǧun di sin yid-sen.


D acu i teswa ddunit

Oualid SAHLI

i d-yemdel tawwurt n uxxam, bdan yimeṭṭawen la d-ɣellin seg wallen n tmeṭṭut-is, fessusit di tazwara, maca la ttnernayen di teqseḥ armi qqlen

d acetki : - Ttxil-k a Nnadir ẓer d acu i la txeddmeḍ, ttxil-k uɣal di rray-ik tettuḍ tiktiwin-a tiberkanin i d-yeɣlin ɣef uqerru-k… Maca imeṭṭawen-is akked yimeslayen-is nnerfaden deg yigenni am tagut n ṣṣbeḥ, Nnadir ur asent-yesli ara. Lḥess-nni i d-ɛellent tektiwin yennejmaɛen deg wallaɣ-is akked wul-is rrant timedlin fell-as, ur t-ǧǧint ara ad isel i kra nniḍen. Yerra tisura deg lǧib-is. Tura ad iɛeddi ɣef urgaz-nni umi yezzenz axxam i wakken ad as-tent-yefk, ssyin ad yeṭṭef abrid-is ɣer tmurt akken i as-iɛel leḥsab deg tazwara. Akamyun i iɛebban lqecc n uxxam yezwar, yeggrad- kan ad ilaḥeq netta akked tmeṭṭut-is. Yeldi tawwurt n tkerrust, yessers kra n lqecc d ameẓyan deg-s, umbeɛd yerkeb, yessker amutur. Ur yefki ara ula d azgen n tiṭ i tmeṭṭut-is yellan tneggef deg berra. Yezmer ad iruḥ ad tt-yeǧǧ mebla ma tuqeɛ-as, akken i yezzenz axxam-is, yeṭṭaxxer-d seg lxedma-ines yezmer ad tt-yeǧǧ ula d nettat. Ula d nettat teẓra annect-a acku yenna-as-d ussan iɛeddan : - Tebɣiḍ ad tedduḍ, tebɣiḍ ad truḥeḍ s axxam n baba-m.

M



D aya kan, ur d-yerni ara awal. Dindin terkeb. Imeṭṭawen mazal d tiregwa ɣef wudem-is. Imi mazal tessaram ad yuɣal deg rray-is, tenna-as s taɣect qerriḥen : - A Nnadir ad k-yehdu Rebbi, madam ur ifut ara lḥal, uɣal s axxam-ik, uɣal ɣer lxedma-inek, tekkseḍ fell-aɣ lhemm-a… Yerfed-d allen-is ɣer-s, twala deg-sent tamuɣli n win umi iruḥ leɛqel, yenna-as : - D acu i teswa ddunit ? Deg ussan iɛeddan, yal tikelt mi ara t-testeqsi i wacu i yebɣa ad yexdem akka, yettarra-as-d s tefyirt-a : D acu i teswa ddunit ? Tugi ad tefhem d acu i t-yuɣen. Tenna-as dayen argaz yemxel, yeffeɣ-it leɛqel, neɣ yella kra n uḥeckul i yečča. Yiwen wass yenna-as-d d acu i t-yessembawlen, ziɣ d taluft-nni n tarwa. Tenna-as : - Ta d lḥaǧa n Rebbi, ur nesɛi d acu ara nexdem. Ilaq amdan ad yeṣber ɣef wayen i as-d-yefka Rebbi, d netta i aɣ-d-yennan yella win umi ara fkeɣ lwacul yella win umi ara fkeɣ tiqcicin, yella win umi ur ttakeɣ ara tarwa. Maca Nnadir ur as-yesli ara, ula d imeddukal-is ur asen-yesli ara, nitni daɣen ɛerḍen ad t-sḥebsen, meɛna yiwen ur yewwiḍ. Hatan tura iteddu ɣer tmurt. Takerrust qrib ad tefferfer deg ubrid ameqqran akken i qrib ad yefferfer uqerru-s yeččuren d tiktiwin akked wul-is yeččuren d iḥulfan. Ayɣer yexdem annect-a ? Netta s yiman-is ur yeẓri ara. Ahat d tarewla i yebɣa ad yerwel ɣef wayen akk i t-id-yesmektayen ? Yezmer lḥal… Yeẓra kan yiwet n lḥaǧa : Yebɣa ad d-yeǧǧ later deg ddunit-a, ur yebɣi ara ad yemmet mebla ma yeǧǧa-d ayen ara d-yesseknen argaz-a yella yedder kra n wussan deg lqaɛa-a. Tikti-a n lmut tettuɣal qerriḥet mi ara yeḥṣu umdan ulac win ara d-yekkren deg umkan-is, ma yemmut yeɛni yenger… Tezdeɣ-it tikti-a n nnger, tuɣal-as d yir targit. D acu ara yexdem i wakken ad tt-yesfeḍ seg wallaɣ-is ?... Yiwen wass yeqqim yessikid yiwen usaru ɣef yiwen urgaz yettleqqimen tizemrin, iger-as iɣallen i yiwet n tzemmurt yenna-d :



- Nekki tizemrin-a ɣur-i am warraw-iw, mi ara leqqmeɣ tazemmurt, ad as-fkeɣ akk leḥnana i sɛiɣ i wakken ad tegmu wa ad teǧǧuǧǧeg amzun d yiwen n uɛeggal seg twacult-iw… Waqila d wa ara yexdem netta daɣen, ad yeẓẓu tazemmurt neɣ ad ileqqem taẓebbujt, akka azekka ma yemmut, mi ara d-ɛeddin yimdanen ɣef tzemmurt-nni ad as-inin : Ta yeǧǧa-tt-id Nnadir. Akka kan i as-iɛel leḥsab. I wakken tikti-a ad tuɣal d tidet, ilaq ad yuɣal ɣer tmurt, ɣer teḥriqt i as-d-yeǧǧa baba-s. D ta i d tikti yifen akk tiktiwin ! Akka, ad yeǧǧ akk lqaɛa-a n « nnger ». Ad yezzenz axxam-is, ad d-yeṭṭixxer seg lxedma-ines, ad yettu akk imeddukal yesɛa da. Ad yebdu tudert d tamaynut. Ma yella d tameṭṭut-is ad as-yebru… Ala, ta ur izemmer ara ad tt-yexdem, tameṭṭut-a yufa-tt ɣer yidis-is, ur tsemmeḥ ara deg-s, amek ara tt-yeǧǧ netta ?!... Iiih ! Tameṭṭut-is ! Tettɣiḍ-it mačči d kra, lemmer yufa, ayen akk tettmenni ad as-t-id-isers gar yifassen-is, maca ta nnig ufus-is, akken tenna nettat : Ur yesɛi d acu ara yexdem. Yezzi ɣer tmeṭṭut-is i yellan tessikid ɣer ubrid tettxemmim, imeṭṭawen mazal ur kkawen ara ɣef legdaḥ-is… Yettmektay-d ussan imezwura n zzwaǧ-nsen. D ussan iẓidanen, ččuren d asirem akked tmuɣli ɣer zdat. Yal tameddit mi ara d-yuɣal seg lxedma, ad d-qqimen ad ččen imensi, ad as-yeḥku ayen i as-yeḍran deg wass-is, ad teḍs wa ad yeḍs. Llan am yitbir akked tetbirt, ttraǧun kan ad yeččar lɛecc s yifrax. Meɛna ussan ɛeddan, agguren ɛeddan, iseggasen ɛeddan, lɛecc yugi ad yeččar. Nnadir bdan ttaẓayen fell-as wussan armi i as-truḥ lbenna deg ddunit, kullec yeɣli deg wul-is. Ula d tameṭṭut-is i yella ur iṣebber ara fell-as nnig n tmanya n tsaɛtin, yuɣal ur d-yettnejmaɛ ara zik i wakken ur yettmeslay ara yid-s. Ula deg usu ur tt-yettnal ara, ccbaḥa akk i tesɛa tmeṭṭut-is tuɣal ur tesɛi ara anamek ɣur-s. Mačči ḥala aya, ayen yellan akk deg ddunit yuɣal ur yesɛi ara anamek ɣur-s : lxedma, tazmert, axxam, takerrust, tameṭṭut… ayen akk i ttnadin medden deg ddunit. Netta yesɛa-ten akk meɛna ur



asen-yufi ara lbenna. Nnig wakka, uɣalen-as d taɛkemt ẓẓayen, yebɣa ad yerwel fell-asen, ad yaf talwit deg tlemmast n lḥif. Mi yewweḍ ɣer tmurt, isers tameṭṭut-nni umi yebḍa wul deg uxxam aqdim i as-d-yeǧǧa baba-s. Ssyin lḥaǧa tamezwarut i yexdem, iruḥ ɣer ssuq yuɣ-d tagelzimt, tamencart akked lmus. Γer uzekka yekker-d zik, isuma ɣer teḥriqt n uzemmur… Yefren-d yiwet n tẓebbujt, yefres-itt, yegzem-itt, ileqqem-itt akken ilaq lḥal. Mi ifuk, yeqqim ɣef tgecrar-is yessikid ɣer-s, iḥulfa am wakken d ta i d lḥaǧa lɛali i d-yexdem akk deg ddunit-is. Yerfed allen-is ɣer yigenni yenna-as : - Deg leɛnaya-k a Rebbi taɣeḍ-iyi afus, temleḍ-iyi abrid n leslak... Ssyin, mi yufa mazal lḥal, iɛedda ɣer tzemrin nniḍen yebda-tent-id seg rrif yiwet yiwet yettberriz-itent itekkes-asent lɣaba, ur tent-ifuk ara armi d tameddit. Mi yebda yiṭij yettizwiɣ, bdan lexyalat n tzemrin ttikmilen, yeqqim-d deg tizi n teḥriqt yettmuqul deg lxedma-ines. Iḥulfa s yiwet n tumert d tameqqrant, yeǧǧa iṭij ad d-yessdel ɣef wudem-is, abeḥri ad yessergagi acekkuḥ-is. Yemdel allen-is, usant-as-d tirga d tibninanin, yeǧǧa-tent ad zzuznent rruḥ-is, yedda yid-sent armi d taggara… Maca mi d-yeldi allen-is, tumert-nni tufeg deg yigenni amzun ur d-telli ara maḍi. Yuɣal-d uḥulfu-nni n war anamek, iḥulfa am wakken ayen yexdem neɣ ayen ixeddem akk ur yesɛi ara anamek, layas yewweḍ ɣer tizi-s. Yuɣal yettxemmim : imi kra ur yesɛi anamek, mi ara iḥewwes fell-as i wacu ? Ass-is iɛedda-d akken iwata, s tumert d lehna seg ṣṣbeḥ armi d tameddit, yeqqim tura ma yella tuɣ tzemmurt-nni neɣ teqqur, wa mačči d aɣbel, netta yexdem ayen yellan fell-as. Yemmekta-d yiwen yinzi i as-d-teqqar tmeṭṭut-is : Akken i yella wass, ad t-yesɛeddi umeksa, teqqar-as-d daɣen yiwen wawal n yiwen umusnaw aglizi ur yecfi ara ɣef yisem-is : lḥif yettas-d asmi ara yesɛu umdan lweqt ara t-yeǧǧen ad yesteqsi iman-is yaddra yetthenna neɣ ala…



Awwah ! Tameṭṭut-a i yesɛa d tuḥdiqt, d tuḥrict, testahel ḥala lxir. Ilaq ad yuɣal ɣer wayen akk i yeǧǧa deg temdint, mačči ɣef lǧal-is netta, ɣef lǧal-is nettat. Ilaq ad yeḥbes timmexlelt-a n uḥewwes ɣef yinumak… Dindin yeqleb ɣer tzemmurt-nni i ileqqem yenna-as s leɛyaḍ : - Ma d kemm tesliḍ : Tebɣiḍ aɣ, tebɣiḍ qqar ! Daya kan, ur d-yerni ara awal… Tefreḥ tmeṭṭut-is mačči d kra imi d-yuɣal ɣur-s s ray-a amaynut… Ur ɛad i yuli wass llan jemɛen lqecc-nsen ṭṭfen abrid… Lemziyya Nnadir yesɛa imeddukal ẓẓay rray-nsen, zemren ad terren ɣer lxedma-ines, ma yella d axxam, yezmer ad yaɣ wayeḍ. Kra n wussan, tuɣal-d tudert-nsen ɣer tannumi, ma yella d tazemmurt-nni i ileqqem Nnadir teqqur…

TAMEDYAZT


Abrid n ubrid-iw

Youcef MERAHI

Le chemin de ma route Tasuqelt : Abdenour ABDESSELAM

i Jean Sénac, i Hamid Nacer-Khoudja

Aseḍsu-k Yesnejla iṭij Talɣa Cukkeɣ-tt / d tiṭ ! Lebɣi imsekker / Aha ar ticki.

I. Sseɛraqeɣ uḍan-iw I unadi n tafrara Zwareɣ-as i tikli-w Akin mazal tikli Ḥettmeɣ-asen I ufus-iw aseḍsu I wallen-iw tasusmi



i Hamid Nacer-Khoudja S yiḍ yeggujlen Zemreɣ ad d-iniɣ S yifassen n tegmat Tira tura Treṣṣa di leḥyuḍ n udɣaɣ Taqsiḍt iɣef d-wwiɣ temẓi-nneɣ (I wacu anadi berra n wanida nezga ?)

II. Asefru-a dɣa I yal nnger I yal tuttra iɛeddan Awal yuɣalen ɣur bab-is Tayemmat yettwaɛeqlen Deg uglim acebḥan Deg wawal n leɛwayed Rebbi ma yezdeɣ akk ulawen ? I tafrara yuddam rrṣed ɣef tcenfirin Deg wawal uɛwij yal ass Di taddart iɣef yeɣma leḥzen Am uẓru yelleɣwan Yeɛreq d wacḥal Ur yezmir umedyaz Awal i ulaqec



i Elyès Aboulaiche Teggeɣ-as ticeɛɛaf i lweqt s tira Ur ggareɣ iman-iw ḥala deg uḥulfu n tiyita ur ttmagareɣ S wazal n wawal D acu-ten akken ? Teẓẓuɣ laman s tira Ttaruɣ ad iyi-d-slen Ttaruɣ ad amneɣ, laman d tira akked tsusmi Ttaruɣ ad semɛirriqeɣ i lweqt s usebdi ad n-aẓeɣ ɣur-k Ttaruɣ-as ɣef wayeḍ s lebɣi n wudem Yerẓa uxiqi Ttaruɣ ɣas lferḥ ur yelli deg-s laman Ttaruɣ, ttaruɣ imellek-iyi weḥd-i Ttaruɣ asefru iɣef ur yettaweḍ wass Ttaruɣ di tlemmas n unayas Ttaruɣ yerna iḍ d ajeggeḥ Ttaruɣ ssedhuyeɣ tuggdi-w Ttaruɣ i yal abrir i d-iteddun Ttraruɣ ɣef taggayin akked wayen yettwazeglen iɛemmed Ttaruɣ tisuregt Ttaruɣ akken ad geɣ Ttaruɣ ssawaleɣ i taɛẓeg agemmaḍ yeṛwa deg-i taḍsa Ttaruɣ ur ksaneɣ i tlalit Ttaruɣ ahat ad yekkes uɣbel-nni n zik Ttaruɣ ur yeɣli layas Ttaruɣ i wakken ccfaya ad terr aḍar ad tecfu Ttaruɣ s yiwen ufus Ttaruɣ d aslufu i kra n tikli akkenni Ttaruɣ ɣef tiddukla yerṣan akin i tnafa Ttaruɣ keccfeɣ-d i iɛeddan yettɛawad Ttaruɣ ɣef tiɣit n uḥesses



Ttaruɣ ɣef lmuḥal ɣef wawal ɣef tmetti Ttaruɣ ad d-ggriɣ d nekkini Ttaruɣ la ttmettateɣ Ttaruɣ i tessmeḍ n yiḍ s acu-tt taggayin Ttaruɣ uyseɣ Ttaruɣ sseḥraseɣ ccfaya imecḥen ttbernat Ttaruɣ ɣef yiri umteddu ɣef wayen yufa usekran Ttaruɣ ɣef weḥd-i n wass-a Ttaruɣ ɣef wussan n temẓi-w Ttaruɣ yemma d anhewwel-iw Ttaruɣ ssawaleɣ i tmettant ad d-tɣiwel Ttaruɣ i iɛeddan i iḍerrun ɣef taffa n ccḥani Ttaruɣ ccuq-iw Ttaruɣ ur yefriḥ wara Ttaruɣ ad ibedd buberrak Ttaruɣ i iqerben tasraft Ttaruɣ yir tterbegga akked kra akken n tlaba Ttaruɣ ddunit di ddunit-is Ttaruɣ ursel agaraw d ujeɣlal Ttaruɣ lebɣi-w yeqqden ɣef tizi d tasayin Ttaruɣ atihi fell-i rrif d tisselbi Ttaruɣ ssawleɣ azal n wawal Ttaruɣ teqreḥ lɣiba-k Ttaruɣ ssawaleɣ-am-n a tamedyazt Ttaruɣ ssawaleɣ i mmi, a mmi awi-d afus-ik


Tilelli

Mohamed KORCHI

1 Bɣiɣ ad dduɣ d yifrax Ifrax yesɛan afriwen Rruḥ-iw deg-sen icax Ḥusseɣ i kra i yi-ixuṣṣen Ddunit-a d akellex Aḥlil win i tt-yumnen

2

Xtareɣ ad dduɣ d yifrax Bɣiɣ amek ttidiren Ksan ur ǧǧin amraḥ Zhan akk la ttwejwijen Abuɛemmar iceṭṭeḥ Yettgabar ifellusen

3

Ters tayri-w ɣef yifrax Di tegnawt amek ttafgen Ttwaliɣ-ten di lefraḥ Ttecruruden ttneggizen Tafsut ad teǧǧuǧǧeg tecbeḥ Lwaḥid mi ara dduklen



4 Tisekrin xedment iqdaḥ I teẓgi anda ttwaffren Iḥiqel yesmirǧiḥ yefreḥ Neɣ d kra i s-iɛerqen Ahat d tafsut mi tefteḥ Teffeɣ ccetwa dayen

5

Afrux llɛecc-is melleḥ Ibennu-t s iẓemzumen Akken ilaq ad t-icebbeḥ S lqerd leḥcic yeqquren S nnuba gan leṣlaḥ Ttemɛawanen gar-asen

6 Gar-asen ulac ličaḥ La ttrusun srifigen Yiwen yessway imecṭaḥ Wayeḍ yesseččay-iten Mi iruḥ yiwen ad imerreḥ Wayeḍ iɛuss fell-asen

7 Yal yiwen amek yecbeḥ Yal yiwen amek yerqem Ssedhuyen ssettuyen aqraḥ Ma txaqeḍ ad k-wansen Mi ten-walaɣ di lefraḥ Mennaɣ ad afgeɣ yid-sen



8 Ad afgeɣ akken ttafgen Ad awḍeɣ wid akk jjmeɣ Ad sqerbeɣ i ibeɛden Ad zureɣ wid cedhaɣ Ur ttaǧǧaɣ ula d yiwen Anda ma llan ad ten-awḍeɣ

9

Ulamek ara afgeɣ ɛelmeɣ Nekk ur sɛiɣ afriwen Di lxelq n Rebbi weḥḥdeɣ Nemxallaf yiwen yiwen Tudert n yiɣersiwen ɣur-neɣ Lasmaḥ ur ttmeslayen

10

Mennaɣ tilelli-nsen Di tegnawt ad srifgeɣ Ur iḥettem fell-i yiwen Anda i yi-yehwa ad rseɣ D nekk ara yextiren Siwa ayen bɣiɣ ara ččeɣ



Tafsut

D agama i icebḥen D tawennaḍt i iɛemren Tizzegzewt tezdi igran Fsan ijeǧǧigen S nnesma-nsen ẓiden Leɛwanṣer uzzlen s waman Leḥcic ttjur ǧǧuǧǧgen Mudden abeḥri ḥlawen S ccbaḥa leḥrir igran Ifrax lewḥuc zhan Leɛwanṣer n waman Ttazzalen udren-d aḥriq Aman zeddigen ṣfan Cucufen ma ffuden swan Jban-d si yal amḍiq Iweḍfen qedcen dhan Xedmen ur nḥerwan Deg werǧeǧǧi mi yettcewwiq Tawennaḍt d ayen izaden Ma nmuqel iɣersiwen Ɣef tarwa-s yesseḥbibir Gan tagmat ddukulen Mcabahen gar-assen Ɣef twacult yettḥebbir Izirdi iddew uccen Agama yecbeḥ yis-sen D awtul neɣ d ageɛmir



D abuɛemmar d tamilla D agerfiw d taninna D tasekkurt neɣ d iḥiqel Arẓeẓ arduz tizizwa Rnan azal i tẓegwa Yezqel tikkuk yessawel Azger yedhec yennejla Deg uqerru-is yerra Ziɣ yeqqes-it ugwen s ddɣel Tafsut tezzegzew tefteḥ Inegmi-s ileqqeḥ Yefruri teǧǧuǧǧeg yimɣi-s Yeḍleq iferr-is yecteḥ Yettbeggin-d yefreḥ Yaskanay-d llḥebb-is Imɣi yegman afessaḥ Yak ur d-yettarew amjaḥ Dima ifaz nnuɛ-is Tafsut d ayen yeǧǧuǧǧgen D wayen akk zeddigen Ayen akken i tḥemmel tmuɣli Ccbaḥa-ines s ilemẓiyen Wid ara tt-iɛuzzen Ur tt-ttaǧǧan ad teɣli Ḥwaǧen-tt teḥwaǧ-iten D nutni ara tt-ixedmen I lehna akked tlelli



Ma d tafsut imaziɣen Tanekra i d-kkren Ur qbilen tikellax S tnuba la ttfeǧǧiǧen S tmelsa-nsen hajen Teddun amzun d ifrax Yak ur fennun yigduden Yesɛan ilemẓiyen Akka i tt-caren lecyax Akka tafsut d tafsut Bɣan neɣ ugin d tafsut D ilemẓiyen d ijeǧǧigen S tira s tsusmi s ṣṣut Wid yettaggaden lmut D lmuḥal ad nnaɣen Agdud yeḥwaǧ tugdut Tudert i tlelli d ttbut D rruḥ s wayes ddren

TADIWENNIT


Ali Amrane, ccna n teqbaylit, mazal lxir ɣer zdat

ZIRA

Timlilit akked Ali Amrane Aḥric wis 2

Zira : Nebda-d awal ɣef le style a Ali d ayen i k-yessuffɣen dɣa ɣer « Xali Sliman », « Amsebrid », « Akka i d amur ». Ayen i yi-ttaɛǧaben ayen din a Ali tikwal d taqbaylit-agi i tcennuḍ tikwal d les titres des chansons tikwal mi ara d-tafeḍ un titre il est accrochant tagi iban d winna kan ara k-ijebden di tazwara ɣer tezlit-nni, « Amsebrid » yecbeḥ ayen din, « Akka i d amur » yecbeḥ ayen din, « Xali Sliman » ad t-twaliḍ kan ad tḥettceḍ d acu-t yisem-agi. Ali aked teqsiḍt n les titres n les chansons. Ali Amrane : Wellah ma ẓriɣ, tura nekk ma yehwa-am ismawen i as-nettmudduɣ i les albums ttaɛraḍeɣ ad d-ddmeɣ tizlit ara d-yefken akka nnɛayet ɣef wayen yellan daxel. Tura « Amsebrid » ɣef ubrid, daxel pratiquement, tuɣac-nni yellan merra sɛant akk akka cwiṭ n lxiḍ ɣer ubrid, ɣer yinig, ɣer tikli, ɣer unadi neɣ ɣer lecɣal-agi irkel. Xali Sliman, acu ara m-iniɣ, d tamacahut ih ! d tamacahut ɣef tmurt-agi-nneɣ ɣef temɛict n yilemẓiyen di tmurt-agi-nneɣ voilà donc ula d nettat, ula d tizlit-agi meḥsub gar tuɣac-nni yellan dinna d tinna, ahat d nettat i d-ijemɛen tikta-nni yellan merra. Kifkif Akka i d amur daɣen, au même temps taɣect ilaq ad tesɛu akka un titre ur ẓriɣ ara amek ara d-tiniḍ, ara k-id-ijebden akka ciṭuḥ, ad tḥettceḍ cituḥ.



Zira : Ma yehwa-ak i tlata. I tlata les titres des albums-agi akken ara k-awin anda nniḍen ara k-id-rren alamma d tamurt. « Amsebrid », d winna akken i yellan di tmurt, i iruḥen ɣer tmurt n medden. « Xali Sliman » ad as-tesleḍ kan ad k-id-yerr alamma d tamurt, axaṭer lexwal di tmurt kan i llan. « Aakka i d amur », d amur-nni ur nesɛi ara di tmurt i nufa anda nniḍen. Ali Amrane : Ih d amur-nni, akka i d amur atan twalaḍ, ma yehwa-am tzemreḍ ad t-tfehmeḍ s snat lemɛayen-is wawal-agi : akka i d amur, ih d amur iɣer nruḥ ad t-id-nawi, neɣ d amur-nni ur aɣ-d-nsaḥ ara imi nruḥ, neɣ d amur-nni i d tamurt-nneɣ i aɣ-yesseṛwan lemḥan. Zira : Ali dima yecna ɣef widak-nni inudan rrif, neɣ ɣef widak-nni i d-yufan iman-nsen di rrif d timerẓuga meɛna dima tkeffuḍ-tt s tewwurt-nni yellan dulaqrar ad teldi, dulaqrar ad yali wass. Ali Amrane : Ih tura amek ara d-tiniḍ obligé ma yella nxeddem leḥwayeǧ nxeddem-itent axaṭer numen belli ad neffeɣ kan ɣer tafat neɣ ad naẓ ɣer zdat yis-sent, d wagi, meɛna taswiɛt am wakka i d-tenniḍ mačči d ayen yessefraḥen, ẓran-tt akk medden yeɛni ula i wumi d-nesseɣzef awal fell-as. Ih d annect-nni i d-ḥekkunt tuɣac, am wakka d-tenniḍ sans tomber dans les lamentations et tout ça, meḥsub ad nru ɣef yiman-nneɣ axir ad nessefru ad nessirem. Zira : Leḥmala i yecna Ali txulef ɣef tiyiḍ. Ali Amrane : Wellah ! Zira : A oui, Ḥuriyya d isem-is i d awal-is, ammer d lebɣi, nesɛa akk lḥeqq ad nḥemmel meɛna ur aɣ-tettunefk ara tegnit ẓẓay-it wussan, yenɣa-aɣ hemma-nni ineqqar s teqbaylit. Tella daɣen yiwet n tezlit nniḍen yelhan ayen din, Bɣiɣ ad kem-ḥemmleɣ meɛna kan akka, kan akka-agi, d Ali i tt-id-yewwin, ahat tikwal d tifrat ?



Ali Amrane : Ih, tikwal yezmer lḥal, ayɣer ala, ahat d tinna i d tifrat, meɛna atan twalaḍ ula d tinna ur teshil ara, axaṭer tettuɣal d abrid ilaq ad tbeddel akk lɛeqliyya ɣer temsalt-agi neɣ ɣer temsalt nniḍen. Ih, ma yehwa-am nekk akken walaɣ ɣef yiman-iw, nekk ɣef lxedma-inu, tuɣac-agi i d-tenniḍ meḥsub ttmeslayent-d ɣef wuguren i d-tettmagar tayri di tmurt-agi-nneɣ, axaṭer tayri mačči kan akka d awal, tesɛa, ma yehwa-am, aṭas n wuguren i d-tettmagar, meḥsub bac ad teǧǧuǧǧeg ad tefsu tayri di tmurt-agi-nneɣ mačči d ayen i isehlen, akken qqaren di tmura-agi yetqeddmen, uguren beddun-d mi ara tɛeddi akk teqsiḍt-nni n tayri irkelli, lemtel sin mḥemmalen dayen igerrzen, xedmen axxam, uɣalen dduklen, asmi ara uɣalen ɛacen akken pendant un bon moment yezmer lḥal ad bdun ad d-ttlalen akka wuguren gar-asen, nekni akka, uqbel ad nebdu, dindin d uguren, voilà, a peut prés le font de la chose ma yehwa-am d tagi, après on appelle un peu de liberté dans ce domaine par exemple. Zira : Exil, lɣerba, neɣ tamurt n medden, yiwet n temsalt iɣef d-tuɣaleḍ di le Cd-inek aneggaru a Ali, ma yehwa-ak merra tuɣac-nni yellan deg-s ɣas ma llant quelques reprises, « Rray ulac », « Refdeɣ tabalizt », meɛna merra ɣef lɣerba, d lɣerba n yimir-a, n tura a Ali. Ali Amrane : Ih d lɣerba n yimir-a, les reprises-agi daɣen ma yehwa-am d ciṭ n lxiḍ i neqqen ɣer lɣerba-nni n zik daɣen, lɣerba n tura am wakken nɛedda-d kan akka deg wawal s tazzla, ur kifkif ara am zik. Zik lɣerba amek ara d-tiniḍ d nnger n dunnit, mi ara iruḥ yiwen ɣer lɣerba, atan dayen amek ara d-tiniḍ, meḥsub ɣer yiman-is, neɣ ɣer wid yeǧǧa dagi d lmeḥna, am wakken alamma yettuseyyef ɣef bnadem ara iruḥ, d laẓ i yettawin medden imir ad ruḥen ɣer lɣerba ad xedmen aɣrum-nsen, tura ma yehwa-am tbeddel tmuɣli ɣef lɣerba axaṭer tuɣal d tagi i d tasarut n bnadem ad yerriyusi cwiyya di dunnit-is, akka meḥsub le sentiment le predominant di la société. Daɣen ilaq tamuɣli nniḍen ɣef lɣerba-agi ula di ccna, axaṭer ma yella wamek ara d-tiniḍ, lɣerba tejreḥ ul-iw, neɣ lɣerba tuɛer, les anciens, wigad-nni yebɣan ad ruḥen ɣer lɣerba tili ur fettden ara, ad



truḥeḍ ɣur-s ad as-tiniḍ tettuɣaḍeḍ, au contraire c’est quelque chose de positif ɣer lɣerba akk nebɣa ad nruḥ, ad tafeḍ ɣef wannect-nni tura ilaq aṭas n tezlatin bac ad ilint aṭas, amek ara d-tiniḍ, ad d-twaliḍ tamsalt seg waṭas n tamiwin, si tama n wid yebɣan ad ruḥen atan iban d lḥaǧa i ssaramen, daɣen mi ara tawḍeḍ ɣer din mačči akken tettwaliḍ ssya ara tafeḍ taswiɛt, ad ilint leḥwayeǧ ahat ur tegmineḍ ara akk ad tent-tafeḍ dinna ad tuɣaleḍ ad tent-tafeḍ, yella daɣen wayen yuɛren, ihi tbeddel teswiɛt, ilaq daɣen ad tbeddel tmuɣli ɣef teswiɛt, am wakken ara d-tiniḍ kan akka rapidement, zik qqaren-am d aɣrib “melba lwali”, d aɣrib melba lwali-agi d tagi i l’expression, meḥsub qui raconte ɣef yiɣriben msakit, tura aɣrib melba lwali yuɣal d aɣrib melba lekwaɣeḍ, atan daɣen tekcem-d taluft nniḍen. Zira : Sfina a Ali. Ali Amrane : Ih Sfina ih. Zira : Agad-nni yettɣerriben meɛna d yiwen ubrid. Ali Amrane : Ih wigad-nni, la iteffeɣ wawal deg yijernanen, ttmeslayen-d akk ɣef lḥarraga, ɣef wigad-agi i yeggaren iman-nsen di lebḥer bac ad ruḥen, ih ttemma mi ara taweḍ ɣer liḥala am tagi, ad tegreḍ iman-ik ad tedduḍ di teflukt neɣ ur ẓriɣ ara deg wacu, ccɣel ad tefkeḍ iman-ik akkagi d asfel, c’est un risque, yezmer ad temmteḍ deg ubrid yezmer, meɛna ma tqebleḍ ad truḥeḍ akken-nni, ihi armi tewweḍ tfidi s iɣes daɣen ur teggareḍ ara kan akka iman-ik ɣer daxel n lebḥer, 50/50 yezmer ad tselkeḍ yezmer ad teqqimeḍ din, meɛna tqebleḍ ihi armi tewweḍ tfidi s iɣes armi dayen, lɣaci kuffren neɣ amek ara d-tiniḍ. Zira : Ali ddeqs i yecna tizlatin n Yidir di tesdawit, meɛna yessaweḍ ad yecnu yid-s di le Cd Akka i d amur, timlilit akked Yidir.



Ali Amrane : Ih Yidir ad as-iniɣ azul ma isell-d, ad as-iniɣ tanemmirt imi yeqbel yusa-d yecna yid-i, yettsemma Yidir mlaleɣ yid-s kra n yiseggasen qbel dɣa ɣef le Zenith-nni iɣef d-nehder zgelli, xedmeɣ-as i netta la première partie de l’ouverture du spectacle La France des couleurs, dɣa din ma yehwa-am i d-nemyussan, dɣa akken ssya ɣer da nettemsawal, ssya ɣer da nettqessir akk ɣef lecɣal-agi, asmi ruḥeɣ ad skelsaɣ Akka i d amur, walaɣ taɣect-nni nniɣ-as ahat ad tt-nexdem di sin, ad tt-id-nqesser, dɣa yeqbel s lferḥ, dɣa truḥ akken, yuɣal yusa-d s astidyu nexdem-itt dɣa teffeɣ-d d lɛali-tt apparemment, ça fait plaisir, au même temps c’est vrai, c’est un plaisir quoi, ad tessiwḍeḍ ad txedmeḍ un duo akked Yidir. Zira : Ali deg « Umsebrid » yelḥa-d deg umsebrid armi d « Akka i d amur », ddeqs n tmeɣriwin i txedmeḍ, tineggura i txedmeḍ segmi ara tt-id-nebdu ahat si 2000, le spectacle-nni n TRB, deg wawal i Ali ad teqqimeḍ kan ad t-id-tesmektiḍ yeqqim kan akka di lmux-ik. Ali Amrane : Ih TRB, la galère-nni n zik tella, TRB, nruḥ ad nexdem di lweqt-nni le groupe tura, dɣa mal tomber neɣli-d akked le match n JSK, ur ẓriɣ ara ma yella akked JSMB neɣ l’équipe-nni n Bgayet, dɣa nufa-d iman-nneɣ waḥḥed-nneɣ kan neṭṭef le TRB, llan yimeddukal akka n tesdawit, usan-d nitni, meɛna ulac ur tezmireḍ ara ad txedmeḍ la promotion, ulac ur tezmireḍ ara ad txedmeḍ les affiches, dayen kan, ihi yeqqim-d akka cwiyya yeɛni mi ara twaliḍ akka tura taḍsa, si lweqt-nni ar tura, c’est rigolo, mais c’étais bien, neqqim nqesser au lieu ad nqesser di l’Université nessewseɛ cwiyya. Zira : Deg yimir-nni a Ali, ddeqs i neḥder, le Panaf ma nebder-it-id kan. Ali Amrane : Ih d amecwar umbeɛd atan yuɣal d amecwar imir-nni ur d-yeffiɣ ara Cd-nni-inu amezwaru Amsebrid, ssyin comme même armi d le Panaf, pratiquement donc imir-nni i d-ffɣen les



Cd, et bien sur tbeddel teswiɛt mačči kifkif, le Panaf notamment dagi di le stade n Oukil Ramdane, ih d le contraire-nni n Bgayet, TRB d amecṭuc irkelli usan-d akk kra n leḥbab ad tettwaliḍ tceɛɛel akk tafat daxel, dagi au contaire, di le stade usan-d lɣaci s lketra, usan-d daɣen ssnen tuɣac cnan-d yid-neɣ, c’est autre chose c’est un autre monde ma yehwa-am, ɛecra yiseggasen gar-asen ma yehwa-am, ihi di ɛecra yiseggasen-agi comme même amecwar yedda, yedda ɣer zdat. Zira : Ad as-nernu yiwet n tseddart kan akka, tameɣra taneggarut i txedmeḍ di Tizi Uzzu tgerrez ayen din a Ali, awal ɣef tmeɣra-agi, acu i iḥulfa Ali imir-nni, akked le publique yecban winna. Ali Amrane : Ih le publique-nni, ad as-iniɣ tanemmirt i tikkelt nniḍen, ur ɛeyyuɣ ara ad as-neqqareɣ tanemmirt, ma yehwa-am ur d-gmineɣ ara aṭas akkenni, yuɣal teffeɣ-d meḥsub la soirée, extraordinaire, ils étais là, teččur la sale, yernu cennun akk yid-i, nniɣ-as ur d-wwiɣ ara les musiciens yid-i, waqila atan ufiɣ-d les musiciens dagi, toute façons ufiɣ-d akter n les musiciens, ad d-bduɣ akka taɣect umbeɛd ad ncennu akk lwaḥid, c’étais un vrais plaisir yeɛni, ad as-niniɣ vraiment tanemmirt i tikkelt nniḍen, dayen yessefraḥen meḥsub, très content. Zira : Ddeqs nger akk tamawt a Ali mi ara d-taliḍ sur scène, tella une certaine maitrise, la scène annect ila-tt, ma yehwa-ak, sɛan lḥeqq igad i ak-yeqqaren a la Cabrel neɣ ɣer Yidir, neɣ ɣer yicennayen nniḍen meqqren. Ali Amrane : Ih tura, ciṭ yella, ciṭ daɣen d lxedma, axaṭer daɣen skud tettaliḍ sur scène, skud ad ak-itekkes cwiṭ lxuf-nni n la scène, acu ara m-iniɣ ulac yeɛni, ulac akka lxedma meḥsub special bac ad aliɣ sur scène, ttaliɣ naturellement, et puis le courant passe bien akked lɣaci, ma d ccna tura bac ad tecnuḍ, bac ad txedmeḍ lxedma-



inek, pour maitriser ce que tu fais, c’est plus naturel akken akked lɣaci, le courant passe bien. Zira : Aql-aɣ deg yiwet n teswiɛt anda ṭṭaqa akk deg yicennayen ḥemmlen la boite à rythme, ḥemmlen akk, asdenden kan ulac akk l’accoustique-nni, meɛna Ali seg yimexḍa-nni i yextaren l’acoustique, d acu iss txulef, neɣ lqima n l’acostique di ccna s umata ? Ali Amrane : Nekk seg wasmi bdiɣ ma yehwa-am, akka ccna, l’acoustique am akka la teqqareḍ, neɣ les instruments, les musiciens. Déjà mi ara txedmeḍ akked les musiciens neɣ mi ara d-tawiḍ yiwen ad iqesser, atan ad d-yawi ciṭuḥ si rruḥ-is ula d netta i ccna-nni, yernu daɣen ur ẓriɣ ara amek ara d-tiniḍ, mačči am wakken d tamacint kan ara d-ixedmen ccɣel-nni, tineggura-agi ma yehwa-am les albums-agi i d-iteffɣen n ṣṣenf-agi boite à rythme, en compagnies n tmacinin ad tafeḍ d yiwen n lɛebd ara ixedmen kullec, timacinin-nni ur ẓriɣ ara amek, nekk les references-inu di ccna c’est plutôt le genre folklore un peut rock mačči d lmusiqa n tmacinin, ɣas rennunt-d akka ciṭuḥ ttsehhilent-d taswiɛt : ama tikwal i usekles, rennunt-d akka ciṭuḥ, meɛna sseḥ irkelli d les instruments d allalen d ṣṣeḥ meḥsub d les musuciens, voilà et puis am wakken twalaḍ tura. Ma nuɣal-d ɣer tmeɣra-agi taneggarut n la maison de la culture, lemmer d ccna n tmacinin ilaq mi ara d-aliɣ ad d-awiɣ yid-i timacinin, acu kan nekk tagiṭart-iw, dɣa ad ttyewqeɛ play-back, ihi kan akka s tgiṭart c’est bon je pense c’est le plus important, ilaq taɣect à la base, ma yella tettɣenniḍ s ugiṭar, mi ara tt-id-txedmeḍ kan s ugiṭar ad tili teqɛed yakan mi ara tt-id-tecnuḍ, ma yella kra ara as-d-ternuḍ n les instruments, ilaq ad ten-id-ternuḍ axaṭer tebɣiḍ ad d-rnun kra n lḥaǧa, ma yella daɣen mačči mi ara tt-tecnuḍ akken à la base s ugiṭar ur teqɛid ara umbeɛd ad tɛerḍeḍ ad tt-id-temmektiḍ akk cwiyya ad tt-id-treqqɛeḍ akk s tmacinin, umbeɛd mi d-tufiḍ iman-ik weḥd-k ulac timacinin, ma truḥ trisiti terwi.



Zira : Ahat ad nessali kan tadwilt-nneɣ a Ali s umeslay, Ali mazal-it d amsebrid; mazal ad ikemmel tikli, Ali ssya ɣer zdat, acu yettheggi, acu yessaram Ali. Ali Amrane : Acu ara m-iniɣ, tura nettheggi, l’album mačči aṭas aya segmi d-yeffeɣ, ihi ilaq ad nexdem akka kra n tmeɣriwin, ad nessiweḍ ṣṣut ɣer medden. Nekkini la ttheggiɣ kra n tmeɣriwin, mais bɣiɣ ad tent-id-xedmeɣ mačči kan di le centre-ville axaṭer tura mi ara txedmeḍ dagi di Tizi Uzzu yelha neɣ di Bgayet neɣ di Tubiret neɣ anda nniḍen, yerna daɣen llan lɛibad ibeɛden cwiyya, lketra n tmeɣriwin-agi ḍerrunt deg yiḍ ur d-ttruḥun ara ulamek d- ruḥen, ilaq ad nebdu ad nettwali akkagi, ad ttilint tmeɣriwin ula, mačči alamma di temdint meqqren akka am Tizi Uzzu neɣ anda nniḍen ad nruḥ akka cwiyya ɣer medden, ad neffeɣ ciṭuḥ ad aɣ-d-walin medden ad ten-nwali, la ttheggiɣ akkagi une tournée, tasaɛet-agi ur ɛad tt-nekfi ur ɛad nekfi lxedma fell-as, tasaɛet-agi ur ɛad i tt-nessewjed, ilaq ur ttɛeṭṭileɣ ara ad d-fkeɣ anda, melmi. Zira : Ncallah ad d-nessali amur-nneɣ a Ali. Ali Amrane : Ih j’espère, a wellah alukan d lebɣi-w nekkini anda tella taddart ad tt-naweḍ, ad nuɣal ɣer tidak n meɣres n zik, tura ɛla ḥsab n ttawilat, tura axaṭer ur yesḥil ara ad theggiḍ akk akka aṭas n les dates ɣef tikkelt, les endrois ilaq cwiyya n le matériel, tura aql-i di ccɣel-agi la ttheggiɣ une tournée.

TIGEMMI


Leǧruḥ qqazen ḥellun, yir lehdur qqazen rennun

Ahcene MARICHE

agi d tadyant yeḍran asmi heddren lewḥuc. Yiwen wass yiwet n tmeṭṭut tennuɣ akked urgaz-is dɣa twureb, truḥ deg yiḍ i ṭṭlam. Akken ad taweḍ s

axxam-nsen, ilaq ad tezger tiẓgi ideg ttidiren lewḥuc, iḍ yeɣli-d nettat tuggad. Teqqim la tettru tettxemmim amek ara teffeɣ seg teẓgi akken ad tuɣal ɣur yimawlan-is acemma ur tt-yettaɣ ara. Atan yizem ɣur-s, yufa-tt-id akken la tettru. Yesteqsa-tt ɣef ssebba n yimeṭṭi-s, tameṭṭut tules-as-d ayen yeḍran yid-s. Tuɣal tenna-as : - Bɣiɣ ad ruḥeɣ ɣur yimawlan-iw, uggadeɣ anda d-ttemliliɣ kra n lweḥc di teẓgi-agi. Yerra-as-d yizem : - Rkeb-d ɣef uɛrur-iw ad zegreɣ yis-m tiẓgi ad kem-ssiwḍeɣ s axxam-nwen ur yelli win ara kem-id-yawḍen. Terkeb tmeṭṭut-nni ɣef uɛrur n yizem, ktalen abrid iḍul, armi wwḍen ɣer umḍiq. Izem yeɛya imi ɣezzif umecwar, yeqqim ad yesgunfu rrif n uxxam ssyin ad yuɣal armi d anda yettidir. Tameṭṭut akken kan tekcem s axxam-nsen, yemma-s tedduqqes mi tt-id-twala. - D acu i kem-id-yewwin lawan-agi a yelli ? I ṭṭlam-agi yah ? - Nnuɣeɣ akked urgaz-iw. Yessuffeɣ-iyi-d deg yiḍ, yenna-yi-d : Ruḥ s axxam n baba-m.

T



- Amek i d-tusiḍ ? Anwa i kem-id-yewwin ? - Lemmer ad teẓreḍ a yemma. Mlaleɣ-d yiwen n lxelq ad twehmeḍ amek iga, d netta i yi-d-yewwin ɣef uɛrur-is akken ur d-ttasen ara ɣur-i lewḥuc, ulac win ara yi-d-iqazmen. D lweḥc maca nnefs-is acḥal yettfuḥu ! Izem-nni yella rrif n uxxam, yesla i wayen i d-tenna tmeṭṭut fell-as, iɣaḍ-it lḥal aṭas. Yekker iruḥ, yeččeḥ, iɣucc ɣef wayen yesla, yewwi kan akken ul-is yeqber. Ruḥ a zzman, yiwen n wass tameṭṭut-nni truḥ ɣer lexla ad tezdem, tacaqurt deg ufus-is. Cwiṭ akka, iban-d yizem-nni. Mi tt-id-iwala yeɛqel-itt-id, nettat tecfa fell-as. Yuẓ-d ɣur-s. - Tecfiḍ fell-i ? - Cfiɣ fell-ak, txedmeḍ-iyi lxir, ulamek k-ttuɣ. Lxir-ik d ameqqran. - Rfed tacaqurt-nni deg ufus-im, wwet-iyi-d gar wallen. - Amek ara k-wwteɣ d kečč i yi-ixedmen lxir ? - La m-n-qqareɣ wwet-iyi-d gar wallen. Tameṭṭut tugi, izem yeggul, iḥettem-itt akken ad t-tewwet ɣer gar wallen. Tuɣal terfed tacaqurt nnig lebɣi-s, nnig wul-is tefka-as-tt ɣer gar wallen, ccercren-d yidammen. Izem amcum iruḥ, idammen ttazzalen armi iḍal akin i tiɣilt i ten-id-iqublen. Ɛeddan wussan, rnan wiyiḍ, ɛeddan ula d agguren, tameṭṭut tamcumt tegzem tasa-s, tettxemmim kan ɣef yizem ur nuklal akked tyita yečča wissen ma ad yidir neɣ ad yemmet. Yiwen wass, iɣef ur tebni, tɛawed temlal-d izem-nni di lexla. Allen ruḥent qbala ɣer umkan anda i t-tewwet. Mi tmuqel tawenza-s, tufa-t yeḥla ur d-teggri ccama, amzun ur yettwit. Tuɣal tenṭeq ɣur-s tenna-as : - Lǧerḥ-nni i ak-xedmeɣ iruḥ, ur as-d-yeggri later. Ihuzz aqerru-s yizem, yerra-as : - Leǧruḥ qqazen ḥellun, yir lehdur qqazen rennun.


Inzan s tedyanin

Farida LOUNES

Ameyyez uqbel aneggez Zik, sin yegra zedɣen tamduct, yusa-d unebdu teqqur temduct-nni, ruḥen ad nadin tayeḍ, ufan anu d alqayan. Yenna-as yiwen deg-sen: - Ad nneggez. Yerra-as-d winna nniḍen : - I lemmer ad yeqqar ula d wagi amek ara nexdem akken ad nali ? Ihi, ssya d asawen ttmeyyiz uqbel ad tneggzeḍ.

Imexluqen-a heddren kan Ɣef wuccen mi yelluẓ, iteddu yetteqliliḥ, yettnadi ayen ara yečč. Yewweḍ ddaw yiwen n uxxam yesla i uqcic amecṭuḥ yettru, teqqar-as yemma-s : - Susem neɣ ad k-fkeɣ i wuccen. Uccen yefreḥ, iɣil d ṣṣeḥ, yeqqim yettraǧu. Yerǧa armi d iḍ, yesla i tyemmat-nni tezzuzun mmi-s teqqar-as : - Tura mimmi ad yexxuc, ur yettaggad, wellah lemmer ad d-yas wuccen ar t-nqedder s tqabact. Uccen yeddez timaddazin-is yenna-as : - Awah, imexluqen-a heddren kan.



Axellal yegrem yekkes a lall-is ur ttayes Tella yiwet n tmeṭṭut tger axellal, teẓẓad-it weḥd-s, akken twala mačči d ayen ara tfak, tekker teǧǧa-t terwel. Deg ubrid-is tufa afellaḥ ikerrez tenṭeq ɣur-s tenna-as : - Melmi ara tfakeḍ takerza-agi-inek ? Yenna-as : - Aḍref ɣer uḍref alamma fukeɣ-tt, ddin n Rebbi s talwit. Tenna-as : - Nekk greɣ azeṭṭa, ggummaɣ ad t-kfuɣ ǧǧiɣ-t. Yerra-as-d : - Axellal yegrem yekkes a lall-is ur ttayes.

Lǧerḥ yeqqaz iḥellu, yir awal yeqqaz irennu Yiwen wass, yufa yizem yiwet n temɣart deg teẓgi, tettemqellaɛ d tqucciṭ n yesɣaren ẓẓayet ur as-tezmir ara. Yekker yizem yefka-as afus n tallelt, yewwi-as-tt alammi d axxam-is. Tamɣart tefreḥ s wayen yexdem tenna-as i yizem : - Tanemmirt. Mi tekcem s axxam, at uxxam steqsan-tt : - Acu i tenniḍ deg yizem ? Terra-asen-d : - Yettfuḥu yimi-s. Yuɣ lḥal izem-nni yeffer-as deffir n uxxam, yesla-as-d i temɣart. Ass deg wussan n Rebbi, tamɣart tuɣal ɣer teẓgi, yenna-as yizem : - Wwet-iyi-d s tqabact-agi. Deg tazwara tugi, tuɣal tewwet-it imi twala izem yerfa, iger-d limin, ufgen-d yidammen seg unyir-is. Asmi yeḥla lǧerḥ, yessawel-as i temɣart yenna-as : - Lǧerḥ yeqqaz iḥellu, yir awal yeqqaz irennu.



Ay argaz ay ameɣbun yeksan deg lexla am userdun Yella yiwen n urgaz, yal ass yettruḥu ɣer teẓgi, tameṭṭut-is yettaǧǧa-tt deg uxxam. Nettat yal mi ara yeffeɣ urgaz-is ad teffeɣ ula d nettat, tessen lweqt ideg d-yettuɣal s axxam urgaz-is tettnejmaɛ-d uqbel-is. Argaz-is yal ass anwa ara t-id-iḥebsen ad as-yini anida i d-yemmuger tameṭṭut-is, mačči d yiwen mačči d sin; yeqqim yewhem, tameṭṭut-is yettaǧǧa-tt deg uxxam, yettaf-itt-id deg-s tameddit. Argaz yerkeb-it ccek, yiwen wass yerfed aɛwin-is akken yuɣ tannumi, yekka tawwurt, tameṭṭut-is daɣen tekka tawwurt ula d nettat, argaz yuɣ-it lḥal deffir n uxxam i yeffer, yeḍfer-itt, armi d tameddit yezwar-itt s axxam yeffer-as. Akken i d-tekcem tbeddel akken ur s-yettfaq ara urgaz-is, cwiṭ kan armi i s-d-yeffeɣ seg uddaynin, nettat tewhem tenna-as : - Ay argaz ay ameɣbun yeksan deg lexla am userdun.

Argaz ur nxeddem efk-as taruka ad yellem Yella yiwen n urgaz yettɣimi deg uxxam, ur ixeddem ara, yal ass rrif n lkanun. Yal mi ara d-tekcem tḍeggalt-is ad yeffer deg uxxam, armi d yiwen n wass teṭṭef-it tḍeggalt-is rrif n lkanun, tɛedda tenna-as i yelli-is : - Nniɣ-am argaz ur nxeddem efk-as taruka ad yellem.

Tin yebɣan iwzan tečča-ten, tin iqesden ifeggagen tewwi-ten Tella yiwet n tmeṭṭut zik teqsed taǧaret-is akken ad d-tawi ifeggagen, tufa-tt tesseww-d iwzan, yewwi-tt ṭṭmeɛ teqqim tečča. Taǧaret-is nniḍen teqsed-d ula d nettat lall n uxxam akken ad tawi ifeggagen, tewwi-ten truḥ. Tameṭṭut-nni mi tekfa učči n yiwzan tessuter ifeggagen maca ifut-itt lḥal. Dɣa tenṭeq ɣur-s lall n uxxam tenna-as : - Tin yebɣan iwzan tečča-ten, tin iqesden ifeggagen tewwi-ten.



Amaqraman ay argaz Tella yiwet n tmeṭṭut tɛac aṭas di tmurt n Leqbayel. Asmi tezweǧ teqqel tezdeɣ di tmurt n Lezzayer, wwḍen-d wussan imuras truḥ-d ɣer tmurt akked urgaz-is. Mi bdan tikli deg ubrid, twala amagraman dɣa tenna-as i urgaz-is : - D wagi i d amaqraman ay argaz ?

Ḥuṭ a tamesḥuṭ ddunit teɛmer s nnuba Tella yiwet n temɣart tesɛa sebɛa n teslatin, armi d yiwen n wass tɛedda-d temsutert tessutur tin n Rebbi. Tenṭeq temɣart tenna-as : - Ur m-ttakeɣ ara tin n Rebbi alamma tceḍḥeḍ-iyi-d i teslatin-iw. Tdewwer ddunit tuɣal temɣart-nni d tigellilt, ma yella d tamsutert tuɣal d tamarkantit. Tamɣart tuɣal tettezzi deg yiberdan tessutur, armi d yiwet n tikkelt tewweḍ s axxam n tmeṭṭut-nni i tt-id-yessutren yakan. Lall n uxxam teɛqel-itt tenṭeq-d ɣur-s tenna-as : - Ad am-d-fkeɣ tin n Rebbi maca mebla ccḍeḥ d useqdec... Tesseggra-as-d inzi tenna-as : - Ḥuṭ a tamesḥuṭ ddunit teɛmer s nnuba.

Ur yettmettat yiblis alamma yeǧǧa-d mmi-s Yella zik yiwen n urgaz yewɛer mačči d kra, yettɛici netta, tameṭṭut-is akked warraw-is. Yal mi ara d-yas tameddit s axxam-is ad d-yekcem yeṣker, taruẓi n leḥwal, leɛyaḍ ɣef tmeṭṭut-is akked warraw-is. Iɛeggalen n twacult yessekreh-asen ddunit. Mmi-s amenzu yezga yettwali yemma-s tettru yeqqar-as : - Ṣber kan a yemma ad imɣureɣ ad am-sseṛwuɣ lerbaḥ. Argaz yemmut, tameṭṭut tefreḥ s mmi-s yettimɣuren, ara s-yekksen lḥif akked lmertat. Asmi yewweḍ d argaz yettu ayen i s-yenna i yemma-s, ula d netta yedda deg ubrid i d-yewwi baba-s. Tameṭṭut dayen teɛya, tettwali mmi-s yedda deg yir abrid. Yiwwas terǧa-t armi i d-yekcem, yeṭṭanez ad isellem fell-as nettat tenna-as-d : - A mmi, ur yettmettat yiblis alamma yeǧǧa-d mmi-s.



Am tasa n uqelmun Tella yiwet n teslit tekreh tamɣart-is mačči d kra, tekker tenna-as i urgaz-is : - Enɣ-itt, ur tt-ttwaliɣ ara deg uxxam. Yerna i wakken ad tamen yenɣa-tt tessuter deg-s ad d-yawi tasa-s yid-s mi ara d-yuɣal si teẓgi. Azekka-nni tamɣart truḥ ad tezdem, mmi-s yetbeɛ-itt seg deffir; yeǧǧa-tt armi tezha deg uzdam n yisɣaren, yewwet-itt s uqabac yenɣa-tt, yekkes-as-d tasa-s. Deg ubrid-is s axxam yemlal-d imakaren, mmɣen-d fell-as ad t-nɣen. Armi walan tasa tneggez-d seg uqelmun n yibidi-s, tenṭeq ɣur-sen tenna-asen : - Ur t-neqqet ara i wudem n Rebbi. Imakaren xelɛen rewlen, ma d argaz yeqqim deg nndama yenna-as : - Nekk nɣiɣ yemma, tasa-s temneɛ-iyi-d.

Ṭṭhur i teggan Taɛnant, lɛica tettelhi d imensi Tella yiwet n teqcict n taddart n At Aɛnan tettarra-tt kan i tguni, yemma-s tezga tnehhu-tt maca ur as-tettaɣ ara awal. Asmi meqqret tefka-tt yemma-s tezweǧ, tenwa ad tbeddel tikli mi ara tili deg uxxam-is. Maca nettat tkemmel deg ubrid-is, mi d-yewweḍ ṭṭhur ad tekcen ad teṭṭes. Argaz-is yal mi ara d-yas ad d-yaf imensi ur ɛad yewwi, mi tt-yesteqsa ad as-d-taf ssebba. Yiwen wass yuɣal-d s axxam zik nettat ur as-tfaq ara, yufa-tt-id teṭṭes. Armi tesla i ccix itedden lɛica tekker-d ad terr i yimensi, tufa-d argaz-is zdat-is yenṭeq yenna-as : - Ṭṭhur i teggan Taɛnant, lɛica tettelhi d imensi.

TAèURI


Urigami, taẓuri n uḍeffes nlkaɣeḍ

Smail ABDENBI

ḍris-a d tukkist seg udlis i ttheggiɣ ad t-id-ẓergeɣ. Ṣeggmeɣ-t akka cwiṭ akken ad yawi talɣa n umagrad. Mi ara n wali s amezruy n tẓuri, ad naf

ttekkan lejdud-nneɣ deg usemhez n Urigami. Ihi tura yessefk fell-aɣ ad nfares tagnit akken ad nuɣal s amezruy n tẓuri-a, ula d nekni ad nettekki deg usemhez-is. 1- D acu i d Urigami ? Ur cukkeɣ ara yezmer umagrad-a ad yerr s tririt ikemlen ɣef usteqsi am wa, acku iswi-is d tactelt ɣer tẓuri-a. Tin ɣer-s, taẓuri tesɛa amezruy yeḥwaǧen anadi, mazal tewwiḍ tafat ɣer tɣemmar-is merra. Ulac din ccek ma yella-d unadi, aṭas ara iwehmen deg wayen ara naf. Taneggarut, Urigami d taẓuri ur nesbik ara, tmehhez yal ass, aṭas n tɣawsiwin i d-yettnulfun. Maca, ad neɛreḍ ad nsukk tiṭ sr anda tessaweḍ tmuɣli-nneɣ. Ihi, nezmer ad d-nini Urigami d taẓuri n uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ. Aḍeffes d abeṭṭen, nettini-as daɣen asnefḍes neɣ aḍebbeq. S cwiṭ n lkaɣeḍ nezmer ad d-nesnulfu tiɣawsiwin icebḥen aṭas. Mačči d yiwen n umedya i nezmer ad d-nawi. S uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ ad d-nesnulu amdan n lkaɣeḍ, aɣersiw, tasafagt, imɣan… tiɣawsiwin akk yesɛan talɣa. Mi ara nḍeffes kra, tekfa, tɣawsa-nni, akken tebɣu tili talɣa-as isem-is udem. Deg wansayen n tẓuri s umata, ladɣa deg Urigami aqbur ssexdamen agzam akked usenṭeḍ. Ma d imir-a, deg Urigami atrar, ulac deg-s agzam n lkaɣeḍ

A



neɣ asemlili s usenteḍ. Mi ara yili d udem n Urigami azegriran, ggten yiḥricen, yessefk fell-aɣ ad nsemlil sin, kraḍ neɣ ugar n yizegriren, nessekcam imuren-nni wa deg wa.

Iḍeffusen n wudem mi ara yeldi.

Urigami, d taẓuri i d-yuɣen qrib akk timura n umaḍal, ur tessin tilisa n wakal neɣ tid n usnulfu. Yal amdan, akken yebɣu yili, d amusnak neɣ d aḥeddad, d ilemẓi neɣ d amɣar, d argaz neɣ d tameṭṭut… aḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ, d taẓuri ara k-d-yeldin tiwwura ɣer tiẓeḍt akked lferḥ n usnulfu. Urigami mačči d taẓuri kan, d urar n wallaɣ, yis-s ara yennecraḥ yal yiwen deg-neɣ. D urar yesleɣmayen allaɣ i wakken ad nelmed amek ara nerr takti d taɣawsa gar yifassen-nneɣ. Urigami ur yeḥwaǧ ara amḍiq n uxeddim am tẓuryin nniḍen, anda teddiḍ tzemreḍ ad tḍeffseḍ tiferkit-ik.



1.2- Tabadut n yisem Urigami Urigami d awal i d-yekkan seg tutlayt tajapunit. Yesdukel amyag [oru] = Ḍeffes akked yisem [kami] = Lkaɣeḍ. Seg zik i s-ttinin i tẓuri-a : [Orikata ] = Taɣara n uḍeffes. S tmaziɣt nesmuzzeɣ awal ama deg tira ama deg ususru. Nerra kan [u] deg ubdil n [o]. Ihi, nessumer-as-d isem n tẓuri-a s tmaziɣt : Urigami. Nessuddem-d daɣen isem n unaẓur : Amurigam. Asget-is akked wunti-is d ilugnen. Ihi nettaru amalay akka : Amurigam (imurigamen). Ma d unti-is d wa : Tamurigamt (timurigamin). Ma nsers ismawen-a deg waddad amaruz ad ten-naru akka : umurigam, (yimurigamen). Tmurigamt (tmurigamin). 2- Amezruy n tẓuri 2.1- Urigami ansayan Aḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ ahat ilul-d deg tmurt n Ccin. Ad yili yeḍfer-d anulfu n lkaɣeḍ i d-ilulen deg taggara n lqern wis III qbel talalit n Ɛisa Amasiḥ, deg tmurt n Ccin. Kra nniḍen ttinin-ak, ilul-d uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ deg Japun. Maca yiwet tban, d ijapuniyen i d-yewwin ugar i tẓuri n Urigami. Fkan-as isem, gan-as ilugan, rran urar n uḍeffes d taẓuri. Deg taggara n lqern wis VI i yekcem lkaɣeḍ ɣer tmurt n Japun. Wwin-t lexwan n usɣan (Ddin) abudi seg tmurt n Ccin, yedda-d d unekcum n tbudit ɣer tmurt n Japun. Seg wassen ahat i yebda umahil n uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ. D acu kan deg tallit-nni ɣlay lkaɣeḍ, mačči menwala yezmer ad t-yekseb. Imi lkaɣeḍ d taɣawsa ɣlayen, ḍeffsen ibudiyen kra n wudmawen, ttafken-ten d asefk i Uyakuc-nsen Buda. Ttaken daɣen yemdanen udem d asefk deg umenzu n useggas neɣ deg tmeɣriwin, i yisli akked teslit. Zik, teddun wudmawen n Urigami seg yimi s ameẓẓuɣ. Aselmed yella s wawal kan, tettafk-it yemma-s i yelli-s. D imi kan i d allal n tẓuri-nni, ur yelli wacu yuran deg lkaɣeḍ. Aḍris amezwaru i d-yemmeslayen ɣef tẓuri n Urigami d asefru n Ihara Saikaku deg useggas 1680. Muqlem tawlift uṭṭun 1. Adlis-a d



abdar kan i d-yebder taẓuri n Urikata, yedda-d yisem-is deg yiwen usefru seg yisefra n wammud-is.

Un 1- Amedyaz: Ihara Saikaku (井原西鶴), 1642 / 1693.

Armi d aseggas n 1764 i d-yeẓreg udlis nniḍen, tikkelt-a asentel-is merra yettmeslay-d ɣef uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ, azwel-is : Hoketsuki (Ijellilen aked tkerrusin). D adlis n Urikata, deg tallit-nni akka i as-ttinin i tẓuri n uḍeffes. Sakin tennulfa-d tẓuri nniḍen i umi ttinin Urigami. Isem-a ur yelli d aqdim, yennulfa-d deg useggas n 1880. Hoketsuki (Ijellilen d tkerrusin), d adlis yura-t Ise Sadataki, ad naf deg-s udmawen amedya n ujellel iss ttɣummun tijeɣlin, isefken tikwal ḍeffsen lkaɣeḍ amellal ideg yella usefru neɣ izen yettwarun akken ad t-ceyyɛen am tebrat… Muqlem tawlift uṭṭun 2. Deg tallit ideg tella tẓuri n Urikata ur ḍeffsen ara udmawen n yiɣersiwen neɣ udmawen nniḍen, ḥala ajellel n usefk neɣ leqlul i ḍeffsen.



Un 2- Adlis amezwaru yura-t Ise Sadataki, azwel-is : Hoketsuki (Ijellilen akked tkerrusin), iẓreg-d deg useggas n 1764.

Sakin, yeffeɣ-d udlis nniḍen yura Rokoan Gido deg useggas 1797, azwel-is : Senbazuru Orikata (Aḍeffes n ugim n yiɣernuqen). Muqlem tiwlifin uṭṭun 3. Yerna yeffeɣ-d deg useggas n 1845 yiwen n udlis ameqqran i d-yesgerwen akk idles Ajapuni. Ddan-d deg-s merra yiḍeffusen iqburen i d-yeggran deg yidles Ajapuni.

Un 3- Isebtar n udlis wis sin n tẓuri, Sembazuru Orikata (Aḍeffes n ugim n yiɣernuqen), yura-t Rokoan iẓreg-d deg useggas 1797.



Gar Urigami n tura akked Urikata n zik, mačči kifkif. Zik, llan ssexdamen yiwen n lkaɣeḍ yettwaxedmen s ufus, sawalen-as watci (washi). Mi ara ḍeffsen yimurigamen n tallit-nni lkaɣeḍ, ur yewzin ara uḍeffus-nsen am win n wid n tura. Acku seg tama, lkaɣeḍ ḥala winna i yellan yernu ttcerrigen yiḍeffusen-is. Seg tama nniḍen, ur tellugen ara tẓuri am wakka tellugen tura. Rnu i waya, llan gezzmen lkaɣeḍ, ssenṭaḍen-t daɣen. Armi d-yekcem lqern wis 20 i temhez tẓuri yennulfa-d Urigami atrar, nniqal tgen. 2.2- Urigami atrar Deg yiseggasen n 30 n lqern iɛeddan, nniqal taẓuri n Urigami tesbek am wakken i tt-id-ǧǧan d leqrun aya i teqqim. D amurigam Uchiyama Koko i d ababat n Urigami atrar. D netta daɣen i d amezwaru i iḥerzen izerfan-is n umeskar. Sakin ḍefren-t-id yinaẓuren nniḍen, yal wa d acu i d-yewwi d amaynut i tẓuri n Urigami. Amedya n Yoshizawa Akira i d-iẓergen deg useggas 1950 idlisen ideg llan wudmawen imaynuten, yesnulfa-d daɣen ddeqs n yizudar imaynuten akked yizamulen n tɣuri i sseqdacen tura yimurigamen n umaḍal. Yerna-d umurigam amarikani Sam Randlett, yesnulfa-d kra n yizamulen nniḍen...

Amurigam Yoshizawa Akira (吉澤章), 14 meɣres 1911 / 14 meɣres 2005.



Tameẓla yellan gar Urigami ansayan akked utrar mmalen-ten-id kra n tɣawsiwin. Amedya amezwaru d aslugen n tẓuri. Yiwen umenzay seg yimenzayen n uzadur n Urigami atrar yeqqar-d : udmawen akk ara d-yesnulfu umurigam ilaq ad ilin seg tferkit tamkuẓt. Ad tettwaḍeffes tferkit war agzam neɣ asenṭeḍ. Asnulfu akked useqdec n umeskan. Acku aseqdec umeskan yettaǧǧa amurigam ad yales i wudem akken yella mačči s uwehhi. Yettḍafar umurigam n wass-a ameskan ideg ara yaf akk isallen iss ara iḍeffes udem. Asnulfu n wudmawen imaynuten teldi tawwurt i usnulfu n tewsatin nniḍen amedya n Urigami aẓuran, Urigami adday, Urigami n tusnakt… Ass-a, Urigami yefrek d ifurkan. Taẓuri, tura tesɛa ilugan ibanen, yettwassnen. Di tazwara d timziknin tigraɣlanin kan i yessawḍen taẓuri n Urigami ad tt-issinen ugar n yimdanen. Tura rnan-d wallal n Internet akked yidlisen, ssawḍen taẓuri ɣer tɣemmar n umaḍal merra. 2.3- Urigami deg tmurt n Lezzayer Da ɣur-neɣ, s umata, nessen seg wacḥal aya d acu i d aḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ. Anwa deg-neɣ ur nḍeffes tasafagt, tasebbaḥrut neɣ ahat aɣerrabu ? Anwa ur nḍeffes tacacit s lkaɣeḍ n uɣmis deg uzal akken ad yesdari aqerru-s seg ḥamu n yiṭij ?… Aya akk d taẓuri n urigami, aya akk yesɛa amezruy ur d-yeɣli seg yigenni am ugeffur. Di tlemmast n lqern wis XI i skecmen yimaziɣen lkaɣeḍ ɣer tmurt n Spanya. Yezmer ad yili imir-nni i glan ula s tẓuri n uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ. Akken tebɣu tili, d At Umur neɣ Imuren (Les Maures), imaziɣen n Spanya i yeẓẓan taẓuri-a di tmura n turuft. Deg tallit-nni, snulfuyen-d s umata udmawen inzegganen. Muqlem tiwlifin uṭṭun 1. Talɣa-a, anda ma ulac tesɛa azal n VIII n leqrun segmi tt-id-snulfan Yimuren. Tura, tuɣal d azamul n yimurigamen akk n turuft.



Un 1- Udem anzeggan, d azamul n yimurigamen n Turuft.

Deg tallit tatrat, seg tewwi tmurt-nneɣ azarug-is, truḥ amzun neqqim kan deg uḍeffes n wudmawen iqburen. Maca, ɣer taggara-a, s Internet akked unekcum n kra n yidlisen n tẓuri ɣer tmedlisin n tmurt-nneɣ nezmer ad d-nini tqelleɛ tleslalit n tẓuri n Urigami. Wali-t ukessar-a tiwlifin uṭṭun 1 akked 2. D timziknin n tẓuri n Urigami i d-yeḍran deg useggas 2010 akked 2011.

Un 1- Tamzikent n Urigami. Seg 07 ar 12 Yennayer 2010. Axxam n yilemẓiyen, At Wacif, Tizi Uzzu.



Un 2- Tamzikent n Urigami. Gherdaia, ass n 11, 12 Yennayer 2011.

Rnu i waya, bdan kra n yiɣmisen akked tesɣunin, ama wid yettwarun s tmaziɣ, s taɛrabt neɣ s tafransist, ttmeslayen-d ɣef tẓuri n uḍeffes n lkaɣeḍ, Urigami. Ulac din ccek, llan ddeqs n yimurigamen aked tmurigamin deg tmurt-nneɣ, mazal kan ttwassnen. Tamawalt n uḍris Avion : Tasafagt (tisafagin) Base : Azadur (izaduren) Emballage : Ajellil (ijellilen) Europe : Turuft Evolution : Tamhazt (timhazin) Exposition : Tamzikent (timziknin) Diagramme : Ameskan (imeskanen) Différance : Tameẓla (timeẓla) Figure : Udem (udmawen) Géométrique : Anzeggan (inzegganen) Grue : Aɣernuq (iɣernuqen) Initiation : Tactelt (tictalin) Librairie : Tamedlidt (timedlisin) Maure : Imuren Mille : Agim (igiman) Module Azegrir (izegriren) Origami Urigami (d asuf) Origamiste : Amurigam (imurigamen)



Pli : Aḍeffus (iḍeffusen) Plier : Ḍeffes Plieur : Aḍeffas (iḍeffasen) Principe : Amenzay (imenzayen) Renaissance : Taleslalit (tileslalin) Thème : Asentel (isentalen) Traditionnelle : Ansayan (insayanen)



Adriraw - Mouloud Mammeri, Amawal n Tmaziɣt Tatrart (Lexique du Berbere moderne), Edité par le CNRPAH (Centre National de Recherches Préhistoriques Anthropologiques et Historiques) sous l’égide du Ministère de la Culture. Alger, 2008. - R. Achab – H. Sadi – M. LAIHEM, Amawal n Tusnakt (Lexique de Mathématiques, Français-Tamazight). Edité en tant que numéro spécial hors série de la revue Tafsut, Tizi-Ouzou, 1984. - Kamal Nait Zerrad, Imagerie Kabyle Français, Edition Fleurus, Paris, 1999. - Idres Abdelhafid et Madi Rabah, Dictionnaire Universel Bilingue, Français Tamaziɣt, Edition Jazz, Alger, 2003. - Zülal Aytüre Scheele, Encyclopédie de l’Origami, Pliage en papier pour petits et grands, volume I, II, III, Edition Fleurus idées, France, juin 1999. - Hector Rojas, Origami, le monde des animaux, Edition Fleurus, Paris, octobre1999. - Sous la direction de Tania Capron, Mini Origami, plantes et végétaux rigolos, Editions Atlas, France, Mai 2010. - Tsɣunt Nipponia Un 41,n°15, Yunyu 2007, Tokyo, Japun. - Adriraw aliktrunan deg Internet. - dev.origami.com/diagram.cfm - perso.numericable.fr - Wikipedia - Tansa taliktrunant n umyaru : [email protected]

http://perso.numericable.fr/

Tiẓrigin n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa

Editions du Haut Commissariat à l'Amazighité

-o-O-o-

Collection “Idlisen-nneɣ”

01- Khalfa MAMRI, Abane Ramdane, ar taggara d netta i d bab n timmunent, 2003.

(Tasuqelt : Abdenour HADJ-SAID d Youcef MERAHI )

02- Slimane ZAMOUCHE, Uḍan n tegrest, 2003.

03- Omar DAHMOUNE, Bu tqulhatin, 2003.

04- Mohand Akli HADDADOU, Lexique du corps humain, 2003.

05- Hocine ARBAOUI, Idurar ireqmanen (Sophonisbe), 2004.

06- Slimane ZAMOUCHE, Inigan, 2004.

07- S. HACID & K. FERHOUH, Laṣel ittabaɛ laṣel akk d : Tafunast igujilen, 2004.

08- Y. AHMED ZAYED & R. KAHLOUCHE, Lexique des sciences de la terre et lexique animal, 2004.

09- Lhadi BELLA, Lunǧa, 2004.

10- Antoine de St EXUPERY, Le Petit Prince, 2004.

(Tasuqelt : Habib Allah MANSOURI, Ageldun amecṭuḥ ) 11- Djamel HAMRI, Agerruj n teqbaylit, 2004.

12- Ramdane OUSLIMANI, Akli ungif, 2004.

13- Habib Allah MANSOURI, Amawal n tmaziɣt tatrart, édition revue et augmentée,

2004.

14- Ali KHALFA, Angal n webrid, 2004.

15- Halima AIT ALI TOUDERT, Ayen i ɣ-d-nnan gar yetran, 2004.

16- Mouloud FERAOUN, Le fils du pauvre, 2004.

(Tasuqelt : Moussa OULD TALEB, Mmi-s n yigellil, Tazwart : Youcef MERAHI)

17- Mohand Akli HADDADOU, Recueil des prénoms amazighs, 2004.

18- Nadia BENMOUHOUB, Tamacahut n Basɣar, 2004.

19- Youcef MERAHI, Taqbaylit ass s wass, 2004.

20- Abdelhafidh KERROUCHE, Teɣzi n yiles, 2004.

21- Ahmed HAMADOUCHE, Tiɣri n umsedrar, 2004.

22- Slimane BELHARET, Awal ɣef wawal, 2005.

23- Madjid SI MOHAMEDI, Afus seg-m, 2005.

24- Abdellah HAMANE, Merwas di lberj n yiṭij - aḥric I, 2005.

25- Collectif, Tibḥirt n yimedyazen, 2005.

26- Mourad ZIMU, Tikli, tullisin nniḍen, 2005.

27- Tayeb DJELLAL, Si tinfusin n umaḍal, 2005.

28- Yahia AIT YAHIATENE, Faḍma n Summer, 2006.

29- Abdellah HAMANE, Merwas di lberj n yiṭij - aḥric II, 2006.

30- Lounes BENREJDAL, Tamacahut n bu yedmim, 2006.

31- Mezyan OU MOH, Tamacahut n umeksa, 2006.

32- Abdellah ARKOUB, Nnig wurfan, 2006.

33- Ali MAKOUR, Ḥmed n ugellid, 2006.

34- Y. BOULMA & S. ABDENBI, Am tmeqqunt n tjeǧǧigin, 2006.

35- Mohand Akli SALHI, Amawal n tsekla, 2006.

36- O. KERDJA & A. MEGHNEM, Amawal amecṭuḥ n ugama, 2006.

37- Ali EL-HADJEN, Tudert d usirem, 2006.

38- Hadjira OUBACHIR, Uzzu n tayri, 2007.

39- Djamel BENAOUF, Di tmurt uɛekki, 2007.

40- Said IAMRACHE, Timenna n Saɛid Iɛemrac, 2007.

41- Mohamed MEDJDOUB, Baba Carlu, 2007.

42- Nadia BENMOUHOUB, Tafunast igujilen, 2007.

43- Ali MOKRANI, Agama s tugniwin, 2007.

44- Fatma ELKOUCHA, Tamedyazt n Yasmin, 2007.

45- Naima HADJOU, Amennuɣ n tudert-iw, 2007.

46- Hocine LAOUES, Gar umqadmu d umnelti, 2007.

47- Omar KHAYAM, Rubaɛiyyat, 2007 (Tasuqelt : Abdellah HAMANE)

48- Ferdinand DUCHENE, Tamilla, 2007(Tasuqelt : Habib Allah MANSOURI)

49- Slimane ZAMOUCHE, Agellil akk d ineffuten yelhan, 2007.

50- Djamel HAMRI, Anadi di tmedyazt, 2007.

51- Khaled FERHOUH, Ḥku-yaɣ-d tamacahut, 2007.

52- Lhadi BELLA, Awal d usefru, 2007.

53- Omar DAHMOUNE, Agu, 2007.

54- SOPHOCLE, Untigun, 2007 (Tasuqelt : Yahia AIT YAHIATENE)

55- Ahmed HAMADOUCHE, Inzan tiqsiḍin, 2007.

56- Ouiza GRAINE, Isefra n tmaziɣt, 2007.

57- Lounès BENREJDAL, Inzan n teqbaylit, 2007.

58- Akli OUTAMAZIRT, Targit, 2008.

59- Mohamed Salah OUNISSI, Tametna n umenzu, 2008.

60- Ramdane ABDENBI, Anagi, 2008.

61- Ramdane LASHEB, Ccna n tlawin ɣef ṭṭrad 54/62, 2008.

62- Said CHEMAKH, Ger zik d tura, 2008.

63- Tiddukla Yusef U Qasi - Si Muḥend U Mḥend, Tafaska n tmedyazt_1, 2008.

64- Sadi DOURMANE, Abrid n tudert-iw, 2008.

65- Dahbia AMOUR, Tudert s tmedyazt, 2009.

66- TANASLIT, Akli n tayri, 2009.

67- Djaffar CHIBANI, Ddeqs-nneɣ, 2009.

68- Belkacem IHIDJATEN, Iṭij asemmaḍ, 2009.

69- Abdellah HAMANE, Tisri n tayri, 2009.

70- Said ABDELLI, Tidwirin, 2009.

71- Said ZANOUN, Bururu yeḥya-d, 2009.

72- U LAMARA, Tullianum, taggara n Yugurten, 2009.

73- Tiddukla Yusef U Qasi - Si Muḥend U Mḥend, Tafaska n tmedyazt_2, 2009.

74- Chabane OULAMARA, Azamul n tmusni, 2010.

75- Mehenna SEHRANE, Awal ɣef yiɣersiwen, 2010. 76- Mohand Ouali KEZZAR, Tibratin, 2010.

77- R. OULHA, M. BOURIDANE, K. HOCINE, Tamellaḥt n Belɛeggal, 2010.

78- Mohamed Zakaria BENRAMDANE, Iɣsan s teqbaylit, 2010.

79- M. DJEGHALI, S. SELLAH, Amawal n yiɣersiwen n yilel, 2010.

80- Abdellah HAMANE, Tawaɣit n tayri, 2011.

82- Rosa CHELLI, Itran, leḥzen, tirga, asirem, 2011.

83- Collectif, Amezgun s tmaziɣt, 2011.

84- Islam BESSACI, Azal n tayri, 2011.

Actes de colloques

01- Actes des journées d'étude sur La connaissance de l'histoire de l'Algérie, mars

1998.

- Actes des journées d'étude sur L'enseignement de Tamazight, mai 1998.

- Actes des journées d'étude sur Tamazight dans le système de la communication, juin 1998.

02- Actes des journées d’étude sur La réhabilitation de l’environnement culturel amazigh et sur tamazight dans l’environnement juridique, 2000.

03- Actes des journées d'étude sur Approche et étude sur l'amazighité, 2000/2001.

04- Actes du colloque sur Le mouvement national et la revendication amazighe,

2002.

05- Actes du colloque international sur Tamazight face aux défis de la modernité,

2002.

06- Actes des séminaires sur la formation des enseignants de Tamazight et

l'enseignement de la langue et de l'histoire amazighe, 2003.

07- Actes du colloque : Identité, langue et Etat, 2003. - Actes du colloque : La permanence de l'architecture amazighe et l'évolution des

cités en Algérie, 2003.

08- Actes des stages de perfectionnement pour les enseignants de tamazight, mars

2004.

09- Actes du stage de perfectionnement des enseignants de la langue amazighe,

30/31 mars 2004.

10- Actes du Colloque : Le passage à l'écrit des langues et cultures de tradition orale, le cas de Tamazight, 2004. (Voir Timmuzgha N°13)

11- Actes du Colloque : La littérature amazighe : de l'oralité à l'écrit, 2005

(Voir Timmuzgha N°14)

12- Actes du Colloque : Tamazight dans les médias et à l'école : hypofonctionnalité et usages du lexique, 2006 (Voir Timmuzgha N°15)

13- Actes du colloque sur Le patrimoine culturel immatériel amazigh, 2006.

14- Actes du colloque sur Le libyco-berbère ou le Tifinagh ; de l'authenticité à l'usage pratique, 2007.

15- Actes du colloque : L’apport des amazighs à la civilisation universelle, 2009.

16- Actes des Journées d'étude sur l’enseignement de Tamazight, Région Est, 2009.

- Actes de la Genèse de l’enseignement de Tamazight depuis le XIXème

siècle, 2009.

- Actes du Stage de perfectionnement pour les enseignants du primaire,

2009.

17- Actes du colloque sur La standardisation de l’écriture amazighe, 2011.

18- Actes du colloque sur Les Royaumes amazighs de la période musulmane, 2011.

- Actes du colloque sur Le Royaume de Koukou, 2011.

Revue « Timmuzgha »

Revue d'études amazighes du Haut Commissariat à l'Amazighité :

N° 1, avril 1999, ----- N°22, janvier 2011.

- N°10, octobre 2004, Spécial Mohya, Entretien.

- N°12, décembre 2006, Tajmilt i Si Muḥend U Mḥend.

- N° spécial en Tamazight :

. N°16, janvier 2008.

. N°17, avril 2008.

. N°19, août 2008.

Revue « Tamazight tura »

Revue en Tamazight du Haut Commissariat à l'Amazighité :

N° 1, janvier 2009, ----- N°7, avril 2011.

Autres publications

01- Chafik MOHAMED, Aperçu sur trente trois siècles de l'histoire des imazighènes,

1997.

02- Annuaire des associations culturelles amazighes, 2000.

03- Idir El-Watani, L'Algérie libre vivra, 2001.

04- Mohand Oulhadj LACEB, La phonologie générative du kabyle : l'emphase et son harmonie. Tome1, Histoire et fondements d'un débat argumentaire, 2007.

05- Mohand Oulhadj LACEB, La phonologie générative du kabyle : l'emphase et son harmonie. Tome2, Analyse et représentation phonologique, 2007.

06- Collectif, Mouloud FERAOUN, Evocation, Actes du Colloque, 2008.

07- Catalogue des publications du HCA, 2008.

08- Catalogue des publications du HCA, 2009.

09- Boudjema AZIRI, Néologismes et calques dans les médias amazighs, 2009.

10- Mohand Idir AIT AMRANE, Kker a mmi-s umaziɣ, 2010.

Consultings

01- Kamel BOUAMARA, Nekni d wiyiḍ, 1998.

02- Mouloud FERAOUN, Jours de Kabylie, 1999.

(Tasuqelt : Kamel BOUAMARA, Ussan di tmurt) 03- Nora TIGZIRI - Amar NABTI, Etude sur « L'enseignement de la langue

amazighe : bilan et perspectives », 2004.

04- Iddir AMARA, Les inscriptions alphabétiques amazighes d'Algérie, 2006.

05- Kemal STITI, Fascicule des inscriptions libyques gravées et peintes de la grande Kabylie, 2006.

06- Mohand Akli HADDADOU, Dictionnaire des racines berbères communes,

2006/2007.

07- Abdellah NOUH, Glossaire du vocabulaire commun au Kabyle et au Mozabite,

2006/2007.

08- Sadaq BENDALI, Awfus amaynut n tutlayt tamaziɣt, 2007.

09- M'hammed DJELLAOUI, Tiwsatin timensayin n tesrit taqbaylit, 2007.

10- Kamel BOUAMARA, Amawal n tunuɣin n tesnukyest, 2007.

11- Moussa IMARAZENE, Manuel de syntaxe berbère, 2007.

12- M'hammed DJELLAOUI, Tiwsatin timensayin n tmedyazt taqbaylit, 2007.

13- Moussa IMARAZENE, Timɛayin n leqbayel, 2007.

14- Nora BELGASMIA, L'expression écrite en tamazight, 2007.

15- Mouloud LOUNAOUCI, Projet de création d’un Centre de terminologie amazighe, TERAMA, 2007.

16- Zahir MEKSEM, Isuraz n usezdi d tenmeẓla taḍrisant n tmaziɣt : Asnekwu d tesleḍt, 2008.

17- Mohammed Brahim SALHI, La tariqa Rahmaniya : De l’avènement à l’insurrection de 1871, 2008.

18- Fakihani TIBERMACINE, Tanast u kajjuf, 2009.

19- Mohand Akli HADDADOU, Introduction à la littérature berbère, 2009.

20- M'hammed DJELLAOUI, تطور الشعر القبائلي و خصائصه, Tome1, 2009.

21- M'hammed DJELLAOUI, تطور الشعر القبائلي و خصائصه, Tome2, 2010.

22- Zahir MEKSEM, Tisekkiwin n yiḍrisen, tagmert d tesleḍt, 2010.

Conception et PAO Ramdane Abdenbi

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Widen yebɣan ad ɣ-d-arun TAMAZIƔT TURA, Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt

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